Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 May 1945 — Page 12

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fanapolis Times

Tuesday, May 22, 1945

Editor Business Manager “@ SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

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Peo RILEY 5551

Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

BEWARE JAP PEACE FEELERS MORE JAP peace feelers are reported. They are hol getting anywhere. But the enemy is very slick, diplomatic as well as military matters. We must be on guard. These feelers are not unexpected. It was assinhel the fall of Germany would produce them. - Though the first Tokyo propaganda after defeat of its axis partner was an off-key whistle in the dark, this has now turned into a ‘shrill cry that Nippon is alone and hard-pressed. The leaders must be increasingly alarmed if they make such damning confessions to a public fed on the myth of certain is victor a ws our military advance in the Pacific is the main prod. To occupation of Okinawa is now added the stoudy bombing of the enemy’s home cities. This not only cuts war production to the dismay of the war lords, it aleo reduces post-war industrial capacity to the horror of the financial magnates. .And it is hard on civilian morale despite all the fanaticism of the emperor-worshippers. There is also fear that Russia, no longer tied down on the Burcpean fromt, may strike in fe Far Basi To

te » - ANOTHER REASON for feelers a this time seems to be a Tokyo mis-interpretation of President Truman’s recent warning. He said the United. States would now concentrate on all-out victory over the Japanese. He said the only. way they could escapé eomplete destruction was by unconditional surrender. How that could possibly be istadersiood is something for specialists in the abnormal psychology of that perverse people to explain. But apparently this’ was taken as a discreet opening for later negotiations. So various Japanese in neutral countries are said to Le intimating that so-called liberal and big industrial groups in Japan want to talk terms. Though these maneuvers are od as unofficial, that is the way such feelers usually begin. ¢ . s = = So : Sn AMERICANS SHOULD not be deceived. This enemy diplomatic offensive, which probably will grow, is for a compromise peace. Its purpose is to rob us of real victory. The military dictators of Japan are not ready to sign the death-warrant for themselves and their system by un- ~ conditional surrender. We defeated Germany by ignoring false hopes of diplomatic negotiations and of popular revolt behind the enemy lines And that is the only way Japan can be eliminated as a permanent threat to us and to the world— ~ by total military defeat and unconditional surrender.

THE BEST PROTECTION BEFORE the house of representatives for action this week is the Doughton bill to extend the reciprocal trade azreements law for three years and to authorize further negotiated tariff reductions. Republican leaders in congress seems determined— unwisely, we think—to oppose the bill.as a matter of party policy. They will talk about their desire to protect American industry and agriculture and the American standard of living. In fact, they seek to maintain an extremely dubious form of protection for certain segments of industry and agriculture, at the expense of the entire national economy and at the risk of upsetting hopes for world stability . and peace. Business, industry and agriculture as a whole are not for killing or weakening the reciprocal trade agreements law. Witness the endorsements of the Doughton bill by the U. 8S. Chamber of Commerce, the American Farm Bu-

reau Federation and the National Farmers Union. . EJ s : » »

» ORGANIZED LABOR'S chief purpose is to preserve and improve the living standards of American workers. Many unions have endorsed the Doughton bill. The C. 1. O., through its national secretary-treasurer, James B. Carey, has made an especially convincing arguments for it. And for a concise summary of that argument it would be hard to improve upon the following by Jacob S. Potosfky, speaking for the C. I. ©. Amalgamated Clothing Workers: “We do not hold this view (that tariff reduetions will hurt the American living standard). We think that high wages result from high productivity, maginative and progressive managerial leadership and good union organization—and not from tariffs. “Real standards of living deperid not only on what is in the pay envelope, but on what we can buy with it. The only effective protection the American workers has against so-called foreign competition is not a tariff barrier against foreign goods, but an efficient production at home and a decent standard of living abroad. . “Far from threatening American agriculture, dustry and labor, the trade agreements act is an important element in promoting the post-war prosperity of all of them. It is one of the indispensable steps in bringing’ about a

world order in which co-operation among nations replaces strife.”

ONE OR THE OTHER

HEN there is a senate roll call these day the Congressional Record says: “The senator from Kentucky (Mr. Chandler) is absent on public business.” Mr. Chandler is running around the country, talking up basebal' and striking poses for newspaper photographers, which doesn't strike us as public business, If, as baseball's high commissioner-elect, Mr, Chandler is going to attend to baseball business, he ought to get off ‘thé public payroll. If he's going to continue to be a senator - he ought to stay mn Washington and do what he's getting paid for. : Ea

FAPS ARE RIGHT

| Starting Is Easy

[So They Say= THE NATION must be willing to pay a sizable in- |

‘surance premium to Takai a state of technological | preparedness. In atditiop

REFLECTIONS —

By Howard Vincent O'Brien

NOW, ROLL ING homeward across the grey-green emptiness of Nevada, I have leisure to distill the vapors befogging me in San Francisco. From compartments fore ari aft come the click of typewriters. Other reporters, evidently, are at the same task. The conference was .like. making a will. a will is easy. You know what you want. But when you start putting your wishes into wards, you bump into the problem of definition. Important are the shades of meaning between ="give”, “devise” and “bequeath.” You discover a dangerous gulf between “per Stirpes” and “per capita.” The farther you try to peer into the future, ‘the greater the eomplications become. "So it is with UNCIO. What seemed so simple at first—the yearning of all rational people to have done with war—grows less clear with each passiiig day. We know what we want. We are not at all agreed on how to get it. Under the smootn surface of our hope is, a knotty snarl of greed and fear and ambition which will take much more than a few weeks for unraveling. And, as always in human affairs, there is a deep chasm between what is being said and what is being done.

"Future in Hands of the Individual BUT WHEN the echo of the iast oration has died in the rafters; the last resolution has been passed and the last amendment to the charter of world

race will still be in the hands of the individual.

to remember the brightest moments of my stay iff California, I find' that the eloqusnce of the great has faded without trace, while sharp in my recollection are the deeds of small folk. There was the taxi driver, whose frail Jitney, overladen with baggage, suffered a broken axle at high noon at 3d and Market—and who was reluctant to accept any fare because his mission‘ had not been completed. ¢ There was Nellie Moore, chambermaid at the Palace; and the desk clerks, unvexed by the most

questions. There was ‘the nameless ‘redcap—the blackest man 1 ever saw-—wha got me and my bags on the Oakland ferry. There was the parchmentskinned old man who dropped his business and led me almost to Union Square When I was lost in China~town. There was Helen Ohler, at the transportation center in the Fairmont, and Lloyd Owens, agent of the Southern Pacific at Del Monte, and David Bebb, in the ticket office at Monterey—a paragon of patience and courtesy.

"Endless, this Catalog of People THERE WAS' the waiter in the crowded Domino club. There was. Margaret Raymond, smiling her way through the chaos of ticket arrangements. There was the top-flight: correspondent, veteran of a dozen world conferences, helping a frightened young reporter from a small daily to get on-top of her first big assignment. There was the doorman at the new Montgomery st. entrance of my hotel, whose magic whistle conjured cabs out of thin air. There was . . endless, this catalog of people I remember. The international confsrence for world organization is a good thing. Out of it will’come, I think a new courthouse for a new body of international law. But at the base of this new body of law will always ' be the ability of ordinary folk to get along with one another in simple friendlingss Whatever its written charter, the peace of the world will depend on the charity and justice 6f the individual. This is a thorny fact: but no amount of rhetoric can conjure ‘it away. The world will never be better than you and I

WORLD AFFAIRS—

| Paradox By Wm. Philip Simms

SAN FRANCISCO, May 22.—The incredible paradox of San Francisco is that, while the conference is seeking desperately to create a new order based on pesceful settlement of disputes, one of the issues on which everything depends is using force or the threat of force. Trieste is just a case in point. Carinthia is another. And Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia” and Estonia. Marsha] Tito, backed by Moscow, has been attempting territorial annexations by force at the expense of Italy and Austria in defiance of all that the United Nations are trying to do here. Turkey, according to information here, fears her turn may come next. Russia has notified her that their pact no longer conforms to existing conditions and that there must be a change. Just what Russia wants, Turkey has not been told. Instead she is kept in suspense, waiting and wondering.

Russia Covets the Dardanelles SEVERAL WARS have been fought over the Daraanelles—the Crimean war, among others. - Since Peter the Great, it has been Russia's ambition to own or control this outlet to the Mediterranean. If Russia now insists on a change in the status of the Dardanelles, there is reason to believe that Turkey will reply somewhat as follows: “All right. But there are other interested powers. All the Montreaux treaty signatories should be consulted. Besides Russia and Turkey, these were Britain, France, Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Yugoslavia. These should sit in with us.” Whether Russia would agree to this is not yet known. She might, because she now controls the vote of three of the Montreaux powers besides her own. That would give her four certainties out of a total of nine—with France, Italy and Greece doubtful. On the other hand, many doubt that would consent to have others present when . she settles her old scores with Turkey. Certainly her procedure in the recent past indicates otherwise. She has the undisputed power to take what she wants anywhere in Europe, plus the knowledge that neither Britain nor America—the only countries who could possibly oppose her—would go beyond words to block her.

Russia

Britain Is Vitally Concerned THIS DOES NOT mean that Britain and the United States are indifferent. On the contrary. Not only are they interested economically in the whole of the Middle East; concerned politically and geographically, It was not for nothing that, after Yalta, both President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill

.| spent much precious time talking with King Farouk

of Egypt, Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, and Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia, Mr. Churchill also conferred with President Shukri Al Kuwatly of Syria. The Middle East, in fact, may prove to be the proving ground of Big Three ability to pull #ogether. Here more than in Europe Is to be found the key to the British empire. Across this area run England's vital lines of communication by land, sea and air, with India, Australasia and the Far East, The Suez canal is involved, and Palestine and the whole of the eastern Mediterranean including “Greece. Yet, tragically enough, here at San Francisco fear is expressed lest force be used in. these or other regions, while delegates from ‘49 nations work day and night to set up a world Organizstion based on

; Justies and right.

must be willing to keep

organization has been set down; fhe future of our |

unreasonable of demands and the most foolish of |

but Britain, at least, is vitally

Starting |

It is perhaps significant that as I sit here trying{)

{zen for doing a perfectly natural |

‘| centuate ‘the negative”

| His Last Booby Trap!

AWFUL

TRAT HITLER MADE US “Do IT!

Fon gy VO a a

you sd

Hoosier Forum

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because “of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no. way implies agreement with those. opinions Y The Times. The Times assumes no responsi-- - bility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

“WHO PAYS FOR ALL THIS?” By Mrs. Walter Haggerty, Indianapolis Indianapolis is the easiest city in the world in which to commit a crime. “ When walking through University park with a sack of pop corn it is only natural to feed, the birds. Man is not naturally a criminal but the law is driving him to crime, making it too easy. If it's a crime to feed the pigeons, then all of the city are crminals, unless the law is making liars and hypocrites of us. If this natural law is wrong, then it's too easy to do wrong and to difficult to -do right.

oT a a

Be pe

“I wholly disagree with what

¥, but will defend to the your right to say it.” just one mother’s son? What do some of you other mothers of warage sons think? Yes, and you mothers of present war-age sons?

You can speak from experience, ” » »

“THE CITY SHOULD DO THE JOB” By Fred K. Eisenhut, Indianapolis Those of you who have lived here 35 years or more will remember at that time there was no collection of ashes and garbage. The streets and alleys were unsightly and unsanitary. About that time the city council became conscious of these conditions and decided to do some-

This should be the other way round |is like. the purchase of a plug hat and not tempt the honest citizen. |to wear with overalls and a checked The police arrest an honest citi- | shirt. Broad Ripple park is not located thing, feeding pigeons. . Attorneys!in a district of the so- -called untake the case and judges throw it derprivileged. The very fact that out of court—who pays for all this? | it no longer can be operated profitLaymen call this -sort of thing|ably as a commercial entérprise “horseplay,” in that it takes im- belies any crying need for a park in! portafit time and money that should | that community, Just what are! have been used for the benefit of | the arguments in favor of the pur. the people. Police can get the guilty | chase anyway} pigeon feeder, but the murderer, no. = What is the legal term for this{“WHAT IS THAT “horseplay”? O hum! It gets me! IN COMPARISON” {

y By Mother of Three Small Sons, Sheridan Personally I am ashamed of our United States before France, Russia, It now "develops that certain local England and all of the smaller na-

politicos ‘want to sink “$131,500 of | tions, in area, not in suffering, the taxpayers’ money in ‘that white! | bloodshed and destruction caused by elephant known as Broad Ripple the German armies. Here, we have park, which prompts me to “ac-ljiveq in peace and plenty. Yes, I

BOW here an {said plenty, . True, many have given Frankly, I have seen little of loved ones, but none of 14 saw a practical value come out of city | single one of them die.at the hands | 8 parks, statements to the contrary|of the inhuman Germans. by the experts notwithstanding.| I am one hundred percent for Joe When I was a kid, they were the| Stalin's way of dealing with them rendezvous of the tolughs. Investi-|If Germany had turned her might gation indicates that they are not|toward the West and come this way much different today. Use of the| |instead of East, we here in the public school yards after school and | United States would understand a on Saturdays, with a small part of | little more about’ what Joe-is trying the money that goes into park acre-| to get at. age and landscaping spent on-ade-| . We have a few big shots here who quate supervision and equipment, want to preserve Germany and help would provide infinitely more bene- it back on its feet so they can do fit for Young America, and would business again. They are getting not be so open to the suspicion of old "now, and want to fill their graft. | pockets on money that they can't It is natural for local. govern- ever take with them when they die. ments to cast a sidelong glance at|They know full well that they won't the national debt today and rumi- be here when the next war business nate on their own role as that of with Germany is to deal with. That mere pikers. But the national debt|will be for my three little" sons, dictates stri¢t economy for all gov-|along with millions of others, to deal ernmental units. The creation of| with. more city parks when so many| The world is supposed to be worth streets need resurfacing and. our|some thirteen trillion dollars. What sewage system has been outgrown !is that in comparison of the life of

Side Glances=By Galbraith

n 2 “JUST WHAT ARE THE ARGUMENTS?” By Richard A. Calkins, Indianapolis

“Bion with the manbowsr rings. Marge. never’ os to change. Hor : power ibbon—I | suppose tho} fig re we've got

thing about it. Mr. William Neukon, superintendent of thé old Indianapolis Chair and Furniture Ce. on West New York st., was a member

of the leaders in correcting this condition. Having no equipment, €! the city contracted with private | contractors to do the job, which was a step in the right direction. But in a few years, the collectors fell down on the job. Then the city . floated a bond issue and bought the necessary" equipment. Ever since the job has been done 99 per cent perfect. According to the papers, a private concern is figuring on taking over the collections. Do we remember the past experience? If they do the job well, it will cost a great deal more than now, which will reflect in the tax assessments. By ‘all means, the city should do the job. There should be some way to solve the problem. ‘The old records of the city ‘council will verify the above.

» “IT BOOSTS THEIR MORALE” By B. J. K., Indianapolis : In answer-to the letter, “Least of All They Need Beer,” by. Margaret Grimes, I want to copy a few lines

from letters from boys on both fighting fronts. One Indianapolis boy on New Hebrides wrote “We got a few bottles of beer this week. It's the first we've had’ in seven months. Time it went round the whole outfit we didn't get much, but it sure tasted good.” -I have written this boy for over five years, three of it overseas and I think he mentioned getting beer about that many times, maybe four. Another friend, a home town boy with Gen. Patton's 3d, wrote, “We got a bottle of beer yesterday. ! It wasn’t even cold but it sure tasted plenty good to me. I guess anys thing would though after what we've had to drink these last three months." ‘ So you can see’ it's kind of a big event when their outfit gets a few bottles of beer. It's something they

| drank and liked when they were

homie. * It's something they've had to give up, ikke many other things. It boosts their morale. They want it—and what they want, I say give Ahem, They're giving their all for

“WHEN po WE EAT?”

By Ivan C. Clearwater, Indianapolis

I have read thousands of letters published by many newspapers under the column headed “Hoosier Forum,” or similar headingf but for the brevity, involving one of the vital questions of the day (or night), I will have to send orchids to a certain “Oy Peterson” whose letter appeared in a Chicago newspaper under date of May 16. The letter read, and I quote: “When do we eat?” Just four words. My answer is that we will eat when we stop feeding German pris-

oners of war over here ‘and over there. \

DAILY ‘THOUGHT

of the city council and was one|

Jpoumcar scene

Lagging By Thomas L. Stokes

WASHINGTON, May 22.—The U. 8. seems to be falling short at | 4 ‘the San Francisco United Nations | conference in “moral leadership” where ‘it has always exercised more influence than perhaps any other nation. It was with some dismay that ‘many received the news that we had cast the deciding vote in the Big Five against writing into the charter of the world security organization a pledge for eventual inde pendence for colonial peoples of the world. Instead there will be phraseology about “pro gressive development -of ie as the obe Jective for colonial peoples under the trusteeship system to be set up.

Sided With Britain and France

France which have large colonial empires. Russia and China sought a specific pledge of independence, It is some comfort that the U. 8. delegation was not unanimous, There was a minority in favor of going the whole way for eventual independence, It was obvious earlier in the conference, when Russian Foreign Commissar Molotov raised the issue of eventual’ colonial independance, that this confer ence would not provide machinery for that purpose, This deduction was reported at the time by this writer fom the manifest attitude of Great- Britain and France, as well as from one circumstance stem ming from the Big Three conference at Yalta. This circumstance was that the trusteeship agree | ment dt Yalta required voluntary action by any of theyUnited Nations to place territories it now cone trols under a joint trusteeship. -Colonies would be included under this category, Neither Great Britain nor France has indicated any disposition to yield up any colonies to the mercies of a joint trusteeship which might open the way for independence much more quickly than either of those empires cone template.

Embarrassing for the United States ‘. BUT THERE was one hope, at least, from thig conference, ‘This was represented by the attempt to- write. the magic word “independence” into the charter as - 2 promise, It must have been embarrassing for the U. s. Tnesptse of its traditional stand for freedom, to have to cast the deciding vote fo block this hope, especially since Rusia, which has been considerable of a troublemaker .in other directions, took the leadership, ‘We have a responsibility for. moral leadership, Woodrow Wilson aroused the hope of the little peo= ples of the world, the dependent peoples of the world, by his crusade for palitical freedom and self determination after the last war. Franklin Roose« velt raised their hopes high again. ‘This is the symbol that the U. 8. has become to the common people everywhere. - Russia now is snatching for the torch, Sirsdoieal as that appears, considering the sad state of political liberty within her own borders and her bold ate tempts to influence the nature of governments im small countries just outside her borders.

There Is One Other Hope

WE SIDED, on the issue, with Great Britain and

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT apparently had ideals §

about eventual independence for eolonial and subject peoples. But the agreement at Yalta, in which he was a partner, blocked this ideal in the first instance, uniess there was some way around this that he saw which has not yet come to light. There is one other hope in the San Francisco conference. One of its sponsors is Cmdr, Harold Stassen ‘who, incidentally, snnounced the U, 8. delegation’s decision on the “independence” issue. This is to give jthe assembly’ in which every | nation will be represented, wide powers of investiga« tion and full authority to receive petitions abou$ *

He holds that the right of petition is basic and fundamental. But Great Britain is even opposing ‘this right. Wilt she be able to douse this other Slime of light?

IN WASHINGTON—

Transportation By Douglas Smith

WASHINGTON, May 22—Further civilian travel

roe Johnson, director of the office of defense trans portation. “That,” he declared, “is the only way we can hope to accomplish in the next 10 months the ‘impossible’ transportation task which the army has set for us” This, he said, is how the problem stacks up: Nearly 3,000,000 men will be set down on the Ate lantic. coast at points all the way from Bangor, Me, to Miami. Most of them: must be carried across the continent within 10 months. ‘Meantime they will be taken to camps and given furloughs. The total indie vidual trips will be 20,000,000 (as against 38,500,000 made in the last four years).

Million Ton-Mile Freight Load

* AT THE SAME time, freight will bulk large enough to impose a million ton-mile load on Amerie can transportation for the third straight year, De spite some cutbacks in war production, Col. Johnson said, the net load will be as heavy as last years because of the longer distances which freight must be hauled. : Pacific-bound soldiers will be funneled through Chicago, St. Louis and New Orleans. Then they must travel ‘the rest of the way on only seven railroads, all of which have large sections of single track—and all of which, dccording to the ODT irsotots now are operating at capacity. “If you try to figure out this job “by arithmetie, you'll find it's impossible, more railroad cars than there are, more help than is available, more time than we've got and more tracks to run trains on than there are in existence,” Col, Johnson said.

Convention Ban to Remain OBVIOUSLY, he said, some cuts must be made.

will be abandoned unless the two pennant winners happeii to come from the same city. Seasonal trains will be eliminated. Regularly scheduled trains will have fewer Cars an average cut.of four or five each. The convention ban will remain in. force. In February, March and April, he explained, more than 50,000,000 passenger-miles were saved on conventions and meetings ‘for’ which the ODT refused permits, Voluntarily-cancelled meetings - would account, he estimated, for twice that number.

vacations at home.

eral public than last year will be promoted. The army peak load is expected .in August and will last for three months, ,

To The Point— NEW GAS cook stoves will do away with kitche:

odors. My gosh, they CAN'T take the scent of corre beef and away from usit we ever get

Redeployment wil] demand §

Government employees will be asked to take thelr

A ‘bigger vacation-at-home campaign for the gen.

conditions here and there that should be remedied, |

resirictions- were predicted this week by Col. J. Mone |

Sports traveling, he asserted, must be limited, and he repeated his earlier warning that the world series!