Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 May 1945 — Page 11

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ABOARD A CRUSIER IN THE CELEBES SEA (By Wireless) —The destroyer on which I was spending D-day minus one finally ceased firing, and we were just hanging around near Tarakan beach in case

. the Aussie engineers blowing up obstacles close. in

shore needed from our guns. . Then the word was passed that the channel through which we: had approached, and which had been combed and ‘recombed by our minesweepers, had Just yielded more mines and we should stay “inside” pending further search. One mine, it developed, had turned up just 25 yards from the «course we had followed earlier. Everybody began to look a lit= tle more serious. This destroyer*has seen elsewhere what a mine could do. And it would be small consolation if we struck one of our mines—for our forces had mined these waters months ago to inhibit Jap shipping. The sweeps hadn't yet accounted for quite all the number known to have been sowed. While we waited, I got acquainted with some of the destroyer crew. ° Signalman 1-c William J. Richardson took a lot of pains helping me figure out how to look through one

further support

of those long telescopes with a single eyepiece—you

know, the kind ancient mariners are always pictured with. » It's quite a trick to adjust the thing to the particu lar conformation of your face. and my eyes seem to So Bill's recommendation that I rest: the scope against the bridge of my nose didn't work out. But finally we figured the thing out.

‘Corpen’ and ‘Negate' BILL IS ATTACHED to Commodore Bob Martin's

staff. He comes from Trenton, but now his wife and 2-year-old daughter live in Poughkeepsie. He's been

| in this destroyer division nearly three years.

He showed me how his signal flags work, and explained about “repeaters” and “corpen” and “negate.” There's a flag for every letter and number, but When you.want to use a letter the sec-. ond time in the same signal you hoist one of several repeaters, one meaning repeat the preceding letter, another meaning repeat the second letter above, et cetera, Corpen means the course pennant, and it's

Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum

ONE OF MY agents was in a downtown department store one day last week and saw a young servfceman, his breast covered with overseas ribbons, buying a handkerchief for a Mother's day gift. The clerk was showing him the very “best” she had, all imported numbers. The G. I. seemed more and more dissatisfied with what he saw. Finally, he protested: “But, don’t you ‘have something made in this country?” , .. There seems to have been a little confusion around town over when to end the official 30-day period of mourning for President Roosevelt, and restore flags to full staff. Today's the day, but several downtown buildings flew flags. at full staff yesterday... . Frank H. Davis, the actuary, discovered Saturday that it doesn’t always pay to play the Good Samaritan. While driving out to Highland country club Saturday afternoon, he saw a couple of youths walking on Northwestern ave. about 46th st. Thinking they were club caddies, he stopped to give them a lift. He discovered, after he had stopped, that they weren't caddies, but offered them a ride, anyway, as far as Highland. They climbed in, and he started to go ahead. But before he got out of low gear, a police car roared up and halted him. Police piled out and took the two passéngers in custody. And then Mr. Davis learned that his hitchhikers were none other than a couple of fugitive Nazi prisoners of war. One of the policemen scolded Mr, Davis for picking up strangers. He didn’t argue about it.

He Ignored Himself HENRY WOOD, the farm editor for WFBM, is too much of a “gambler” to take his own advice. In his garden programs the last several weeks, he has cautioned listeners against setting out tomatoes before May 10, because of the danger of them being frozen. But it was a case of “don’t do as I do—do as

1 say.” Because Henry set. out one entire field in:

tomatoes—before May 10, Came a frost and Henry had to reset the plants. And then, on the night of May 10,.the reset plants were frozen. Next year,

~maybe Henry will listen to his own advice... . F. C.

America Fli ED LINK'S FATHER operated an organ factory— and young Link was “nuts” about flying. Therein hangs an amazing tale, the climax of which has been the saving of thousands of lives and hundreds of thousands of dollars in equipment for the United States of America. It also has caused a large number of early airmen {to eat eight oftspoken words: “You can't learn to fly on the ground.”

For Ed Link, the dreamer who developed the famed Link Ihstrument Flying ‘Trainer, an aircraft device that behaves ‘like an airplane but does not leave thé ground, took a “quixotic” idea and turned it into the most valuable instrument flying trainer in use during world war II. Had Link's father not operated an organ factory it is highly probable: that the Link trainer never would have seen daylight. Born in Indiana, Edwin A. Link attended Lindsay institute in Wheeling, W. Va., then joined his dad in Binghamton, N. Y. While assisting in the organ business at 23 years of age, he took up flying. .

Used Organ Bellows

TOYING WITH the idea of developing something that would provide safe instruction on the ground, young Link look an. organ bellows to provide the mechanical means of operation of the device. A “joy stick” in the cockpit controlled the intake and oulgo of air in the bellows to move the trainer in siniple banks and turns.

My Day

HYDE PARK. Monday.—Yesterday in the old Episcopal church of which my husband was senior warden for many years, we held our service of thanks: giving for the end of the European war, . We did not forget, however, to pray that our war

in the Pacific would also soon come to a victorious end. People here, as everywhere, have their minds and hearts set on what happens in that area, knowing full well that there will be. no peace which really brings us a’ lightening of the burdens of * the world until Japa: is also subdued, In commemoration of Mother's day, our. minister spoke of the suffering of mothers in the war ; period, but I want to talk & little today not alone about their sufferings, nor about the thought which Mother's day ‘is supposed to stimulate in every child. ’ imal : I should like to have ‘mothers everywhere recognize that their responsibility to theif children, which they so often think is limited to physical arid moral care, #s really never fully carried out. unless they fulfill théir responsibility as citizens. ;

‘The life of a child and his opportunity to grow

mentally ‘and morally, is largely condi-

Hoosier Reporter By Lee G. Miller

hoisted above the flags giving the code numbers tor a new course. Negate simply means “signals over’— that is, if somebody changes his mind the negate is “hoisted to cancel the signals. ; , Bill introduced me to Torpedoman 2-¢ Howard M. Peterson .of Spokane, Wash. Quartermaster 2-c¢ Wilbert Horst of Lodi; Cal, and Quartermaster 1-c R. A. . Loonam, son of Mr. and Mrs, B, J. Loonam of Indianapolis. . Commodore Martin suddenly exclaimed “the——— has .hit a mine.” But it turned out that a sweep had exploded a mine just beyond the destroyer he referred to, and it only looked as. if the smoke was “coming from the destroyer: The incident didn't tend to relax us. >

Knows His Guns I TALKED with Lt. Donald C. Sinclair, the de-

%.

stroyer's gunnery officer, a blond who burns -easily,|

especially when spending hours with his head protruding from the range finder tower in a tropic sun. He had zinc ointment plastered on his lips. Sinclair attended Hiram college. He was assigned to this destroyer before she was commissioned, about three years ago. He knows the idiosyncrasies of his guns plenty well. \ About 35 officers and men of the destroyer’s original crew are still with her, I was told by one of them, Ensign Walter Smudzin, 26, of Shamokin, Pa. who was feeding rice to “GQ,” the ship's mascot rooster. Smudzin is the ship wit. One of the crew said Smudzin couldn't open his mouth without getting a laugh! He worked in coal mines before enlisting seven years ago. Now he's the destroyer’s electrical officer. : : “I've been on this ship since she was commissioned,” he said. “And.I'm going to put her in red lead row, too.” He meant he expected to be with her when she was given a coating of anti-rust paint and tucked away in some river back home after the war. I went to the wardroom for coffee, and Jack Howard brought out a copy: of Lincoln Barnetts’ Life piece about Ernie Pyle, which I thought an excellent job. Some of the quotes in it were from Ernie's letters to.me. I guess my office must have dug. them out for Lite. : y : Ice cream was brought in—triple scoops of it—and stories were told, and we had a good time, though we were still worrying about the mines. But eventually we got back to the open sea without mishap. :

Bailey thinks maybe I owe an apology to a certain young woman who works at Thompson's cafeteria, the one near Pennsylvania on Washington, mentioned in this column last week. Bailey says there is nothing new about her politeness to customers—‘she always has treated customers politely.” . .. Japanese-Amer-ican youngsters in the relocation center at McGehee, Ark., seem to be going in for the gentler things in life in extreme contrast to their unregenerated relatives over in Japan. The state conservation department recently received postal cards from two youngsters asking information an. natural life. One, from May Ikeda, read: “Our class is studying conservation

and I wish to have a few booklets on birds and trees|

of your state. I would like to have a booklet on flowers” of your state, too.” The other card, with a! similar request, was, from Masako Murakami,

One of Life's Tragedies

IF YOU'VE ever raised any plants in the house, from seed, and nursed them along tenderly, you probably can sympathize with Francis Rettig, 1405 N. Gladstone. For weeks, he has been breathlessly watching the growth of tomato plants grown in a window at his home. They reached pretty fair size and were due to be transplanted in a day or two. And then, last Thursday, his son, Joe, 1!z, and a neighbor child discovered the plants. Deciding not to wait for tomatoes to form, the youngsters pulled up the plants and ate them. Oh, unhappy day! ... Hey, Hoosiers, here's a call for help. Mrs. D. E. Long, 2907 E. Riverside dr. received a letter from her son, Garry Long, F, 1-c, in the South Pacific, asking for ammunition to use against his buddy. “He's from Texas,” writes Fireman Long, “and like most Texans, thinks there's no other place in the world worthy of mention, He's always boasting about Texas, but when it comes to enumerating the many wonders of Indiana, all I can think of is our ‘purty’ war memorial and James Whitcomb Riley. Tell me, isn't there something else in the state I can boast about that will compete with herds of wild’ buffalo, orange groves and picturesque deserts?” Gosh, folks, it-would be a shame to let a fellow Hoosier down. He's really up against toiigh competition with one of those Texans. But he might mention the Speedway.. And our state parks, And that good old Hoosier spirit. =

By Max B. Cook

He started a flying school and, during the 1920 stock market crash, hastily pressed his trainer into

service in an effort to reduce the cost of learning

to fly

Students liked the hoodless trainer, but Link, not

satisfied, installed a hood so that the student was obliged to “fly on instruments” when the hood was closed.

Soloed After 42 Minutes

LINK'S BROTHER George soloed after just 42 minutes of dual instruetion. Average dual time for students before solo was reduced to 3% hours. Many veteran fliers, however, would have nothing to do with “blind flying” and the only early .market for the Link trainer was the amusement field. When in 1934, army forces took over flying the mail and scattered wrecked planes from coast to coast, Link sold the army on the value of his trainer. He flew through a blizzard to Newark to do it. It was subsequently discovered that air. time required to train piiots was reduced by 50 per cent through use of the trainer. Stepped up army and navy programs found new uses for the improved Link trainer. The Link Crew Navigation Trainer has been described by the A. A. F. as “a marvel of American ingenuity and - precision.” His latest development is 8 model 45 Instrument Flying Trainer which, pilots say, “flies more like an airplane than an airplane itself.” | The lalest model has 21 flight and newly incorporated engine instruments, including—believe it or not—a propeller pitch control which not only changed

SECOND SECTION

This is the second in a series

sizing

up

the

~ Hidden Stren

political and:

economic outlook of western Eu-

rope.

By HENRY J. TAYLOR

Scripps-Howard Special Writer PARIS, May 15.—American reconstruction in Europe

faces

a

French

economy

ruined on the surface but strong under-

surprisingly

neath.

The surface factors are summed up in the black market which rules lives, profits, taxes and incomes Through immense government bor=-

rowing

and

. spending,

French

finances were shaky and mounting

‘millions of paper francs fluttered

higher and higher for a number of years before German occupation, Then, after .940, Germany began demanding and getting from France more in damages each year than Germany paid France in reparations throughout seven reparation years after world war I.

”

LJ

he Indianapolis TUESDAY, MAY 15, 1945... HOW POSTWAR OUTLOOK STACKS UP. IN LEADING EUROPEAN COUNTRIES—

gth Seen

WHEN FRANCE fell, the frane had an exchange rate of 40 francs to the dollar, which made the franc “worth” a little over two cents. ‘At this artificial high rate-the Germans set their reparations from France at 10 million dollars a day. France paid this by printing more paper money than has ever been printed in Europe, ‘except by . the Germans themselves. : One result is that although we maintain an exchange rate of 50

francs

for one dollar and all

American soldiers and officials must pay French prices by changing dollars into francs at that rate, the black market-rate for francs aver= ages about 200 francs for one dol-

lar.

The real value of the franc is therefore only about a quarter of the value we place on it ang we pay about four times what wegpmight be expected to pay for much that we buy in France. °°

”

EVEN SO, prices are terrific for

the French themselves. [1, a 40 per cent increase was al-

lowed in’ most rents, rents having lagged behind in the inflationary

spiral.

A stenographer working here for a thousand francs a week must pay 600 francs for a pair of shoes. A handbag costs her as much. - She pays a week's salary for a pair of stockings—France is a large producer of rayon and nylom. She tries to buy food at stores where the prices are government-

controlled,

and turns in ration

tickets for bread, fats, meat, sugar,

flour or spaghetti.

But there is

little to be bought at any controlled

price.

Except on French farms,

the

French world must live through

black market supplies because, as prices charged by taxpaying stores. | grows her own {ood and imports!

CRISIS SEEN IN ALLIED RELATIONS INSIDE GERMANY —

“Mistrust Blamed for Lag in Occupation

As of May |

Paris again takes up the threads of a normal life. The only difference at the Racing club in the

Bois du Boulogne is the parking

more, but with bicycles, Paris is still gas-less and ca r-less, so-the sole means of transpertation is bicycles. Practically every Parisian owns one. : on

exthe the

elsewhere throughout Europe, cept in England and Sweden, black * market prices attract

{available supply.

2 » ” THE BLACK market draws food, materials and merchandise from

the controlled price outlets and the food materials and merchandise draw the nation to the black market. . Penalties count for little, as they did in our liquor prohibition days. As a matter of fact, the black markef prices to the consumer are not much higher than in legitimate outlets. This is because black market sellers and buyers deal in cash, pay no taxes to government and pocket the tax amount as profit. With taxes as high as they are, this makes black marketers’ profits fantastic and still leaves their sales prices within competitive range of

By HELEN KIRKPATRICK -

Times Foreign

Correspondent

PARIS, May 15.—No agreement yet has beén reached between the

Anglo-American allies and the Russians by which the former will be |

enabled to send planes or trucks into Russian-occupied Germany to bring back war prisoners. This is only one of many problems existing today and requiring immediate action in’ order to facilitate the winding up of the military

| Thus the higher French govern- | practically none.

side of the European war and to enable the systematic and effective occupation of Germany to begin. It is, in the view of your cor-

Hostilities lasted several days longer than they need have, owing

respondent and of many far more competent people, a. time for plain speaking and action. Unless unsatisfactory relations on a working level are to impede the reconstructign of Europe, and even to create frictions which may later

threaten the peace,

immediate

agreement with the Russians is es-

sential,

»

ACCORDING TO 'the best ac-

counts available,

agreement was

reached at Yalta on most points. But every indication and most of the experience of the western allies today points to the Russian failure to carry out these agreements. The former have adhered scrupulously to the promises made there.

pine

the tachometer indication but had the correct effect on engine power output, |

By Eleanor Roosevelt

The health of the community, the measures undertaken by government—local, state and federal—to safeguard the health of the people, are going to affect the life of each individual child. The standards of the schools mean either opporSanity for development, or apathy on. the part of the child. Poor teachers and a dull curriculum will never stimulate a child of limited capacity to do the best that lies within his powers, nor will they give an opportunity to the gifted child to develop to -the maximum his unusual abilities, A lack of recreational opportunities will, without question, mean that more young people: may get into trouble of one kind br another. > 4 All of ‘these things are part of the interest of ‘a citizen, and fathers and mothers have not carried out their full responsibility to. their children at home if they.do not take an active part in making their communities meet the needs of the: children adequately, “i hE os . Added to these home considerations, there is now the greater consideration of the wrold, which, is going to press closer and closer to the life of every community. : . Ti eg " We have learned that war engulfs us and 8 our children in spite of our own desire tobe at peace. Consequently, every parent has the responsibility of

to lack of liaison on a working level between the western allies and the Russians. Russian refusal to exchange liaison officers with the Anglo-Ameri= cans meant a slowing down of allied advances in order fo prevent conflict. between the respective forces through inability to recognize each other. Contintied lack of liaison makes it impossible for the western allies to use airstrips in the Russian zone to evacuate their prisoners or to

Yeturn Russian prisoners whom we|

have liberated. Lack of agreement on censorship and press has resulted in the dis~ accreditation and suspension of six correspondents, who went into the

“Russiani zone—some "of them with

Up Front With Mauldin

| working accommodations for the terms, but our determination no

as France's Hope

PE

lot. Once jammed with swank cars, the area is filled to capacity once

Her exports to! ment taxes have gone the better | the world markets bring her foreign | it has been for the’ black market. ! exchange with which to buy abroad "5 = » {such things as she needs. England WITH ALL this,” France faces |is her best customer.

ial i 2 5 ” 2 Angneial. problems of plant recon: py nip ag raw materials. She struction and general rehabilitation. | cesses great natural resources.

But that is where the better side rps country has: timber, iron ore, of the picture appears. As 800N | hauxite, potash, salt and coal in as transportation is restored there | 3 hundance, She mines certain are more plants ready to operate q,.ntities ‘of zinc, lead, maganese here today than in any country on|,., gold. the continent. oe | Her watercourses give her a canal With German and Italian indus pe work which affords cheap transtry bombed practically into oblivion, | portation, good irrigation and wa-

France for the first time in a Cen- | terpower. France, alone in all Eutury tops all continental nations 8S rope, is basically self-susta

an international workshop and is| what France needs from America rivaled in size throughout western che needs badly. But she needs Europe only by England. And jess and is more able and willing France's fundamental economy re-ito pay for it in appropriate ex-

mains basically the best-balanced | ports, without upsetting the Amerof any purely European nation. ican economy than any major naHer agricultural areas balance tion in the world. { her industrial production. France| | (Copyright, 1945, by Scripps-Howard Newspapers)

the permission of local commanders.

Russian, But no one seems to be in a hurry to decide where the commission oon -8 shall establish itself. THERE ARE many signs to| These are questions that require show that the Russians still mis- {immediate answars, and answers trust us. Ome example was cited |that can be obtained only through by Times Correspondent William [pressure from Moscow resulting H. Stoneman after his recent visit to Prague. There, a Russian com-|and London. mander, seeing American corre- xn spondents, was suspicious lest the| THE VIEW has been expressed in American forces had pushed further nove than one quarter that now is east than the agreed line at Pilsen. the time to get those answers— They had not. pois ; The Soviet government organ, that continued wishy-washiness on Izvestia, has reflected Russianithe part of the British-and Americriticism of western allied treat- cans is doing nothing to settle Men 01 leads Nazis lies that the these Issues and is, in fact, lowerRussians believe that the Brifish|in8 Russian respect for us. and Americans will be too soft with| It is recalled that the straight the Germans and probably they |speaking of President Truman rehave good grounds for so thinking. |g ited in the sending of Foreign » » »

from agreement with Washington

{Commissar Viacheslav M. Molotov ALL REPORTS show that Berlin {5 San Francisco.

is impossible as the capital of Ger- | N , a many and the seat of the joint ow, when tremendous Ameridan

allied control commission. (forces and materials are available

mated that the city’s suburbs might | time, ih the view of the writer house less than 1,000,000 of Berlin's land many others, to-speak plainly former. 4,000,000 people, but could to the Russians, indicating our denot possibly provide living and [sire to co-operate on the friendliest

British, American and French com- to be led around by the nose. missions as well as the Soviet cdm-

: Copyright, 1945, by The Indianapolis Time mand, which is now there. | d hoy ,

and The Chicago Dilly News, Inc

HANNAH

SCHOOLS CUT BOOK | SECTION ON: JAPAN

ALBANY, N. Y., May 15 (U, P..| | —Albany schools yesterday blacked | out pages in a textbook which refer to the Japanese as a ‘clean, alert, intelligent” people. School ! Superintendent John W, Park or-

dered the action.’ | Parents in the Albany -area ob- | jected to .the textbook, “The Old | World and Its Gifts.” In explaiia- | tion of Japanese aggression, it said “it is almost impossible for so many people to make a living on their small islands.” 5 Park said he had ordered only the section dealing with Japan stapled together because he considers the rest of the book “very fine.”

PROGRAM PLANNED AT RHODIUS PARK

An entertainment program will be presented at 8 p. m, tomorrow at Rhodius park community house. Scheduled to appear on the program are Ray Woodruff, Ray and Jack Fuquay,” Don Garsnett, Rosemary Meyers, Beth Simpson, Marylin Kirk,r Margy and- Katie

.

With extensive repairs, it is esti-1on the European contintent, is the|'

Pt

"PAGE 11 Labor - Vacation Pay Principle Is Here to Stay

By FRED W. PERKINS WASHINGTON, May 15.—This country will return to peace conditions with a new idea in industrial relations—paid annual vacas tions for the wage earner—ap-

parently permanently established. Most of this developme n t has come during. the war. The two main factors respon= sible have been the insistence of labor unions and the willingness of the national war labor board to order paid vacations as a “fringe” issue — the effect being what amounts to a wage increase without an open rupture of the little steel formula. The great extent of the vacation movement is shown through surveys just completed by the de~ partment of labor. That agency reports that at the beginning of this year more than four-fifths of all employees of private indus--try were eligible for vacations with pay, provided they could meet requirements as to length and regularity of service. F =» =» THE WAR labor board's usual policy -is to approve (under present conditions this means to or« der) vacations of one week after one year's service and two weeks after five years of service.

The C. I. O. United Steelworkers recently won such a concession, and before that the United Mine Workers, in one of John L. Lewis’ wage drives, were awarded the same benefit in a different package—a $50 annual payment in lieu of a vacation.

The miners’ vacation payment was raised a month-ago to $75 a year in the 1945 tussle with the bituminous coal operators, and the question is one of those now in controversy with anthracite operators, * ee UNIONS have generally opposed substitution of a bonus, in the Mine Worker manner, for a vacation, and in some agreements the practice is specifically pro. hibited. But under war conditions, with a need for maximum production, the custom of paying flat sums instead of allowing time off with pay has been used widely. $

e Paid vacations are found least in seasonal industries and occupations, among which the building trades are prominent. In these fields work is irregular and the individual may have a number of different employers during a year, However, the labor department survey found that this difficulty is sometimes solved by pooling employers’ contribtions and paying vacation allowances from a central fund. This has been practiced in clothing trades.

We, the Women War Is Hard On Those Who Wait at Home

By RUTH MILLETT EVEN TO THOSE who sit at home and wait—war is a terribly personal thing.

You sensed that in the reactions of men and women on V-E day. The war was over in Europe, and for that the man next door, the woman down the street, the “clerk in the drugstore were thankful. But the per. sonal weight of the war could not be lifted — even momentarily — by a half victory » - » THE MAN next-door doesa't dare hope his son in Germany will be through with fighting because the European war is won.

The woman down the street knows how little the end of the European war means to her husband, already two years in thes Pacific. She can’t forget that it won't make any sudden differ. efice in the pattern of her lonely days. ‘

The man in the drugstore says, “But there is still so much fighting ahead, so many. lives yet fo be lost. And then there are all those boys wHo never are coming back—boys for whose families V-E day came too late.” » » r SO rdouGH it was a day of victory for the world—to individ.