Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 May 1945 — Page 6

¥

+ His direction was felt in many ci¥ic activities, but perhaps

“man for predatory and reactionary interests.

: Suman of Commerce Henry A. Wallace oT soloed.

gdienspolis Times Saturday, May 5, 1945 | ROY W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE ~ HENRY W. MANZ President.

Editor. : ‘Business Manager (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) _

PAGE tT

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Price in Marion County, 5 cents a copy; delivered by carrier, 20 cents |. + week.

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Circulations. 3 « RILEY 5551 | Give Light and the People } will Fina Their Own Way

THANK GOD ; IF it is not all over, over there, it soon will be. In the past three days upwards of two million German troops have surrendered to the western. allies, and the ‘Russians have taken many others. Though some of, the scattered enemy pockets may hold out for awhile, as in Czechoslovakia, actually the big war in Europe is won.- Regardless of official announcements, to the public V-E' day is this week-end. "The fact that the unconditional surrender. has come

| REFLECTIONS —

‘By Howard Vincent O'Brien “

goes in San Francisco.. You have breakfast with several sleepy-eyed pressmen, exchanging views on ‘the

international finance . . . nothing is sacred! A quick glance at the morning papers and you are ready to inspect your. mail © This includes several pounds of mimeographed exhortation from commit tees and. causes, hot on ‘the task of remaking the. world. Meanwhile you have chatted with some of the

each of them contributing a gobbet of gossip and opinion.

the Fairmount and the Mark Hopkins. You wander around the lobbies of these normally exclusive inns, exchanging views with press photograph颮 and other knowledgeable fellows. You may even corral a member of the Peruvian delegation or a U. 8. senator— and have another exchange of views—all “off the record,” as these conversations are quaintly fabeled.

.| Lobby Crammed With Natives

YOUR NEXT port-of call is the Sir Francis Drake —austere and tranquil; but with a few big shots loitering with dispatch cases under their arms. After an exchapge of views with them you pass on to the nearby St. Francis, This lobby is always cramnted with .natives—mostly elderly females; who wait all day on the chance of catching a glimpse of Molotov,

piecemeal over several days, rather than in an orthodox | grand finale, may make the celebration less noisy here. But the depth of feeling is no less. . For in every home in America there is rejoicing and thanksgiving. There has never been a victory that has touched so many. To be sure, there is still a job to do in Europe. the worst is over.

But

— as 8 : 2% AND THERE is another war, a hard war, still going on in the Pacific. But victory in Europe is the longest step toward final defeat of Japan. No place will the cheers be fouder than in American Zohoies, planes and ships of the Pacific. — A anything could dirk our oy, it world be memory pf faiteh Bit we alwesthay avonid t-ave us. “mourn on Victory day. . For this is their triumph. This is the fulfillment of their sacrifice. Our rejoicing 4 a tribute to them. Our ‘hearts sing because millions now may live who might have died, and because millions more may be free. : ®t 8 = : 8's » THIS IS more than military success alone. The physies) battles had to be fought because of a spiritual conflict. Such powers of darkness had been loosed upon

Sonat that justice and religion and human decency were

blinking out. . : Civilization ‘itself was gaing under.. ‘Criminal -sadists ‘ruled not only in prison camps. Most of Europe was a torture chamber for body and mind and soul, , ; That empire of evil has now “fallen. Its tyrants, its pagan priesthood, its propagandists and mis-educators, its puppets and panderers, its military. might, “have been wiped out. : : : Our tribute is ‘to all—the dead and the living—-who have won this victory. It is for us to maintain the victory in the years "to come.

HENRY L. DITHMER

THE death of Henry L. Dithmer brings a sense: of personal loss to thousands of Indianapolis citizens who |

valued his friendship and respected his vision, integrity and ability. Mr. Dithmer believed in the gospel of work. He worked hard in business, and he worked even harder in the affairs | of the community. constructive force. His career was in the American tradi- | tion of the ambitious youth who builds up a successful * business on the basic virtues of industry, honesty and thrift. - As such, it was both an example and an inspiration. Indianapolis was good to Henry L. Dithmer, and ‘he felt his obligation keenly. His was the spirit of the good] steward who returns ten-fold that which was given him.

his outstanding centribution was the manner in which he helped to make the Citizens Gas and Coke Utility a model of efficient, non-political municipal operation. In private life Mr. Dithmer was a man of many interests and a warm, human personality. He took his honors lightly and.remained always a simple and forthright American gentleman. His work is ended, but his influence will long be felt.

MAN FOR THE JOB ERIC A. JOHNSTON, just elected for a fourth term as président of the United States Chamber of Commerce,’ is the only man ever thus honored. But here's a case of precedent-breaking that we think almost everyone will applaud. In ree, years we ears recall hearing the president of the U, 8. C. of C denounced as a stuffed shirt or a front Mr. Johnston’s activities may have surprised or even alarmed some ultra-conservative® businessmen; but he has gone ahead, preaching his doctrine of a people's capitalism, negotiating for honorable and mutually-beneficial peace between capital and labor, working for sound prosperity and high employment and otherwise making countless Friands for himself and his organization. His is the type of leadership business greatly needs. We congratulate the U. S. C. of C. directors on their wisdom in keeping him on the job for at least another year.

DON'T GRAB, GENTLEMEN

In both fields, he was a strong and |

| United States,

or the autograph of some lesser light. Here you are certain to encounter topdrawer. dip=lomats, and exchange views with them. Your notebook is now filled with notes which, by nightfall, you will be unable to read; and you are ready for a visit to the Press club. This you will find crowded with colleagues who have the latest dope. A After lunch—or before it—you attend somebody's press conference; at which a suave gentleman reads a carefully prepared statement; and adroitly parries all questions. Findlly, after more interviews with fellow-inter-viewers, you go out to the civic center for a plenary sessicn of UNCIO. This is pleasant. You doze in a well-upholstered chair while a delegate from some: Spanish-speaking country delivers an impassioned address in an English which sounds like French, the same being later translated into a French which sounds like Swahili. After adjournment, you drift over to the press

where there is a cocktail party for visiting journalists—a chummy affair with at least a thousand people in a decorous stampede for free champagne.

Bigwigs Know as Little as You Do

with bigwigs who appear to know as little about what's | going on as you do. You gather that nobody knows what's going on except Eden and Molotov and (maybe) Stettinius. The shades of night having fallen, you repair to.| "your chamber to compose. your piece. You do this sitting on the edge of your bed with your typewriter | -in your lap. Your roommate (whose name is Lahey)

news, to be transmitted by wire, while your stuff will get back in plenty ‘of time if you put it in a bottle and let it float home .via the Panama canal. A third colleague is standing up, writing on the | dresser, with his feet in your laundry. The telephone ! jingles every few minutes, and there are many tele- | grams—mostly reproaches from your managing editor. Somewhere after midnight you retire, your repose | troubled only by friends ‘who have succumbed to a | craving for poker, and the thought that you're scheduled to’ make an early-morning broadcast. As your chambermaid says, everything’s turvytopsy.

5 Copyright, ae by ‘The Nod anapolt $s Times and e Chicago Daily News, Inc.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

NX First Jobs

{ By Peter Edson

SAN FRANCISCQ, May 5—No coverage of this United . Nations conference would be complete without some mentich of what might be called’ “the . uncfficial bleeding heart * delegations.” * The professional lookers-after-

Around fie ( Clock

SAN FRANCISCO, May 5.—Here's the way life.

Polish question, communism jin China, Arabian oil, |

- celebrities, milling around the lobby of the Palace, |

It is now time to take one- of the shuttle busses to |

{-Toom" to-scan-the “suljetin ‘board--and exchange views} With Feito Aoaniikis. TERRE by Bus 8 IRE Phe

Lik

LOOKS

HAVE To TIGHTEN. UP THE OLD Ber”

e youl \

Revolves About So-Called Veto Power

“Hoosier Forum

“I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

AT DINNER and afterward, you exchange views “NOW IF WE COULD

| Haggerty) comes out with a quota- |

has pre-empted the table, claiming that—his is hot | Election Joe)

| citizen with a little training can | | take over any .job in his govern- |

| so here, but- we are blinded by ex-|

| Haggertys in the country, and the!

(Times Tenders are invited to. express their. views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in ‘no way implies agreement with those opinions hy*The Times. The” Times assumes no responsi- | bility for the return of manu." scripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

ONLY QUIT BELITTLING” By“ Veteran of '18, Indidanpolis We see in today’s issue that Mus. | | Walter Haggerty (Mrs. No- Election |

[tion from Uncle Joe Stalin (No* | that “any average

lment,” and sie adds, “That's dously]

| perts, this eXpert and that, and we| {are tired of expert lies.” | Tut! Tut! Mrs. No-Election Hag~| | gerty, what a far cry from the days | |a golden year ago when you were | a . thumping the columns - of . the] MIGHT HAVE SKIPPED

Hoosier Forum advocating that no THE WHOLE THING” election be held, the:United States By ivan C. Clearwater, Indianapolis

Constitution to the contrary not]

withstanding. lin The Times of April 30, 1945. The Well, we held the election in|.) was headed “First Dog.” spite of all the Mrs. No-Election| Quite naturally he was writing about

qd. President a dag for the White House in Washcountry survived. The President; ion p G° It seems that Presi-

died, but the country survived. It! : 1ruman does not have a dog,

all goes to prove that George Wash-| 50. something has : : \ s ‘to be done about ington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas 5 ig

I read John W. Hillman's column

1 notice that it has been requested

+made" relative

|“IT IS A GREAT INJUSTICE”

{By J. Morris, Richmond

to save and liberally distribute all {used clothing, bed clothing, shoes, | Piece goods or other articles of |clothing to organizations takihg jcdllections for .the destitute coun{tries of Europe. I think before such action should {be taken an investigation should be to . the: necessary needs for’ thé American people. Re{ferring to myself last fall, I tried to buy. second hand bed clothing, but could not get them anywhere. And the only reason why we didn't freeze last winter was that we had ‘some surplus overcoats that we used to make up the shortage of required comforts. : some

POLITICAL SCENE— |

Real Test

By Yoomas EL Stokes

SAN FRANCISCO, May 5.—A real test ‘is in the making-as to whether ' the -international security § organization created here is to be j entirely dominated by the fivé big powers among the United Nations or. whether there | is to be some effectivervoice in its most vital decision —that of keeping .the peace—by, other nations, small | and medium, _ This is to a degree atest for the ‘organization itself, for its outcome -may determine if it is” to be a ‘sticcess or if it may go the ‘way of the old Leagu¢ of Nations which proved ineffectual When it Taped a real challenge. 7 #

THE TEST revolves about the so-called “vete power” of the Big Five—the United States, Grea Britain, Russia, China and France. But it may in volve, as it develops, dther issues here that will have a bearing on whether this is to be another balance ‘of power league or a real co-operative internations organization. : The Dumbarton Oaks plan, the basis -for consid eration here, requires the. vote of seven of the 1% members of thé proposed security’ council both t determine If peaceful measures for settling disputes are to be instituted and whether military action bg the holice force of. the organization is to be carriecy out against an aggressor. The Big Five are perma nent members of the security council. The other six are drawn from. efher nations on a rotating basis with two-year terms. But the Big Five occupy a privileged: status, Any one of them ‘can veto action in either case, eithex for peaceful settlement procedure or for military ‘action. In the case of final measures of ‘enforcement against an aggressor, a imnanimous vote by the Big Five is necessary; In the-case of peaceful measures of settlement—the natura] first step—a unanimous] Big Five vote also is required, except for such as] might be involved in the dispute. "(Any of the 1% security council members involved fn a dispute must] step aside when peaceful settlement -is considered and abstain from taking part.)

| Evatt Leads Fight on Issue

THERE HAS BEEN much grumbling among the jitier fationé smait-and- medium, -over this. veto

nF particularly Hs regards piacetiil Seiten

1 If any oné of the Big Five can stop even preliminary

,steps to keep the peace by arbitration, then they} ask, what effect can the organization have? Rising up to champion a fight on the veto ag} affects peaceful settlement attorney - general of - Australia, the stocky, plain-4 speaking delegate who is impressing himself upon

some of the big problems raised -here.

this fight. He has received many assurances of} support, but is keeping his fingers crossed, for he realizes the power of the Big Five. They are solid on this veto issue. hopeful sign. It might help the campaign for various more power for the assembly on which all nations afe represented, increase of the security council tof] give the smaller nations more representation, come |

pulsory jurisdiction for the proposed international { court.

Big Five Has Things Well in Hand

SUCCESS ON SOME of these issues would make

Perhaps may say, why that have good health to work for wages, or a good income, or surplus | money in the banks can afford to,| but there are many persons in the | same condition as ourselves, and 1

think it is a great injustice to we

didn't: you buy new. ones? Those |

Jefferson and the other intellectual |

-| giants ‘who drew up our form of].

government planned wisely and well, and that what they planned is ‘doing ‘very nicely, thank you, | despite the. Mrs. No- Election Hag-| gertys. Now, if we could only quit belittling America, and its form of

other-peoples’-interests and the amateur sufferers-from-other-peoples’-injuries are almost as numerous as delegates’ and consultants and sometimes . they | get a bit out of hand and under. foot. So far no official worrier over the fate of Free Ireland has stuck his head up, but every other brand of long-distance oppressed patriot is here \with bells on, jingling and jangling continuously. When there “is only one faction, But when. two factions of Free Koreans, Free Poles, Free Slavs or Free Indians get to popping off at each other, the din gets real merry. Mostly happens at press conferences. where the representatives of the ‘superpatriot house organs try to raise embarrassing questions which will bring out support | for their pet causes. Mostly these efforts flop.

Wails Can't Be Ignored

IT IS of course noble to fight for a cause and | it isn’t polite to scoff at another man's beliefs. Furthermore, these wails from the mourners’ bench | cari't be ignored. Spokesmen for almost every delegation here have emphasized that the San Francisco conference has nothing to do with solving specific world problems. | Its job is merely to create a United Nations organization which will deal with these problems in the | future if they are international problems. In" purely | domestic fights within the borders of one country, the United Nations organization will be obligated to keep its. hands off. All the loud and discordant noises heard in San Francisco today, however, merely indicate what tomorrow's trouble spots are going to be and what problems -they will present to the United Nations "organization to solve, once that organization gets going. By far the loudest yellers at San Francisco are the patriots for Palestine. You can't blame them. The Jews have taken an awful beating ‘in this war and there ought to be some place they could go to get away from it all. Yet the places this Palestine

question has been raised in San Francisco are utterly

fantastic. Stettinius has been bothered with Bidault and event T. V. Soong thought ‘it 1s none “of thé businéss of the governments France or China and none business of this conference. But just try to get any Palestinian to understand. -

it, and strictly of ‘the

HE house appropriations committee is making a mistake by proposing that congress vote, at this time, to give | each senator and representative $2500 a year for expenses. Whether congressmen should have higher more money for clerks, asSistants, etc.: are among ques- | tions now being studied by the special La Follette-Monroney committee. An attempt to answer-any of them prematurely—~while that committee is at work, before there has been full opportunity for public discussion, and while the wartime incomes of citizens are still subject to govern stabili_zation—yould be almost. certain to have unfortunate Te- _ percussions, ' . : Remember the uproar over pensions for congr essen? That was the result of doing a probably right thing in a certainly wrong way. “One such experience ought to be enough,

yoo} salaries,

THATS PROGRESS

|' whenever they get

‘Lobbying All Over the Lot

NEXT TO PALESTINE, the question that comes up oftenest is the well knpwn Polish dispute. As if the Big "Four weren't

Rival British and nationalist India delegations tangle

Mihailovich and two-Tito Broz Serbs. . Dr, Singman Rhee and Kilsoo Hahn are here at the heads of rival Korean groups. . A made-in-Ametica ' “Stop Franco” movement headed by William L. Shirer and FrefldKirchwey is lobbying all over the lot to make sure Fascist Spain doesn't sneak in the back door, Across the bay in Oakland, Phil Murray and Sidney Hillman of the C, 1. O, are holding their international labor convention,” issuing handouts to ‘complain that nobody is paying any" attefhtion to

| them. Some place around is Bill’ Green of the A. F.

of L., complaining because nobody will listen to him complain about what .C. I. O: is doing. f ' All these self-appointed marfyrs will bleed you a bucket of propaganda on slightest provocation; Sometimes it seems as though they do themselves and their causes more harm than good by showing

That means. he has learned how to bring himpelt down

-*

2

off their wounds and bawiy d. We rong Places

| and at the wro

it isn't so bad. is {cestors fled to escape the forms of

(government. over there, the blood- | this |

of the |

having enough trouble | settling this one, a couple of rival factions of Polish- | Americans are on hand to ald in the gumming-up. |

a chance and-"so do the pro- |

{liberty against those twin drag [fascism and communism, we w be much better off. I cannot under-

[staid why people bamn and raised | {in America hate it so and want!

| to copy ‘Russia or some other old {world country from whom our an-

I'shed and intolerance. { #_F 0 “I CAN'T SEE THE FAIRNESS” [By A Reader of The Times, Indianapolis | I just- finished reading in The | Times of May 1 that each German | prisoner in this country gets 1.13} | pounds of sugar for 15 days, which | | equals up to 9.04 pounds per pri{soner for 4 months. -And we,. the | | Americans, have to get along on’ | pounds per person for 4 months. I | can 't see-the fairness in that, We |are Americans and they are | prisoners,” yet their health means {more than ours, according to the | OPA. Something should be done {about this shameful situation.

government, and would guard OUr' | yrhite House.

© | would be satisfied

*| since he

Nazi

{it. So the “boys” {have decided that it must be a be taken ‘before investigations are “hound” dog and are “scouring” the made to find out about absolute nestate to find a suitable specimen. |cessities, . Mr. Hillman write quite a lengthy | . a» {columuy, on the subject but personal-|“SOUNP THE ily, I think he might have skipped | AIR RAID SIRENS” {the whole thing because, in the first By » Reader, Indianapolis | place, I do not think President Tru-| Moscow will hear its victory canman would want a hound dog in the nons, Rondon will listen to the And, in the ‘second | ringing of church bells when vicplace, I do not think a hound dog|tory in Europe is announced. My, living .in the thought for Indianapolis: ‘ Sound the air raid sirens for a {minute or two, thus sounding both ta belated farewell to our danger |from enemy attack and a note of | loy for the victory. :

{ White House. ” n n “WE SHOULD NOT FORGET ERNIE”

By Bob W., I am writing this to you and I| 8-8 8 ‘hope ‘you publish it. I have been | “THERE SHOULD BE AN following Ernie Pyle’s writings ever | AUXILIARY LANGUAGE” started that journey imy w. mH. Richards, 127 E. New York st. | around the world in an old Ford] The meeting of representatives of that he bought. We all feel sorry | 46 nations speaking different. lanfor his wife. Ernie Pyle will be one: guages gives ample proof that there of the most famous writers” ever should be ‘an auxiliary language known -to the people and all the taught in the schools ‘of all nations. | soldiers loved him. We should not| - As each nation would naturaliy forget Ernie. The people that read {be prejudiced in favor of its own Ernie Pyle should cut out the last | {native tongue, this international one of his writings and put it in| {language must not be that of anf their Bible, and if they haven't! nation any, they should buy one. | Besides, every existing national Ernie was the friend of the sol- {language has in it certain characdiers. We hope the soldiers - of | teristics that are distinctly its own, | Russia and America and the other| with sounds that are hard for some countries - will end the war. We gihers to acquire and word order hope they will get that machine-| that causes confusion to the learner. gun nest of Japs. God bless Ernle.| gsperants, the language invented

Paxton

Side Glances=By Galbraith

‘by Dr. ZamenhofT is simple and has few rules and no exceptions. There are about 1000 root words, which

. corn. 1948 8 Nea sevct, T. M. REG. U. 8. PAT, OFF, x

with the use of some forty prefixes and . suffixes make thousands of words that can be formed. These

a word. he has never heard and when heard by another who has never before heard it is perfectly understood. Suppose each of the delegates in San Francisco had learned Es+ peranto, which can be easily learned in.three months, would it not simplify the proceedings and make that mixed assembly more like one common brotherhood? With the world drifting toward consolidation, ‘there will soon be world-wide broadcasts in Esperanto, for the language is sweeping over the world at a rapid rate, In Europe, one is not considéred educated unless he can speak seve eral languages. This . is rapidly changing as those countries are using. this easily acquired language, making it no longer necéssary to be a linguist, I have read the Biblé through in Esperanto and it has clarified some. parts which ; were made much clearer than in any of the three English’ translations which I have also read. : In neglecting to introduce it into the schools of the U.S.A. we are getting far behind other countries,

ex t DAILY THOUGHT

“it wasn't his fault he broke his arm! He wouldn't hove tried Yo . do a trapeze act in the old tree if that silly girl down the stieet hair) fey " sgginy. him, al’ pot

~ Men do therefore fear him; he’ respecteth not any that are wise po heart ~Job 37:24.

3 ot ¢ duty—Clearo.

out in Missouri| American people for such action to}:

"| are by such rules that one-can use|.

of Ane isting saatee

| no hopes .can be raised on these scores.

|

of events in Europe. Mr. Evatt suggests that only the votes of three of f the Big Five be required in the case of peaceful settlement procedure. He does not challenge, as do} some others, a unanimous Big Five vote for final} action against an aggressor. He holds that they must i .be unanimous in such a case for effective action. | He has chosen the easier phase of the veto issue, 1 but it nevertheless will be an important test.

IN WASHING TON—

By Daniel M. Kidney WASHINGTON, May 5.—-Chair-man Charles A. Halleck (R. Ind) of the house Republican campaign

committee has taken issue with the conclusion that “the reactionary

the party's last three presidential candidates. Follette (R. Ind.) in urging G. O. P. support for the congressional amendment - resolution which , would ratify treaties by a majority vote of both houses, | rather than two-thirds vote of the senate,

Mr. LaFoilette attributed the defeat of candidates Landon in 183€, Willkie in 1940 and Dewey in 1944

contended.

Congressional Candidates Ran Ahead

paign years. triéts (which excludes the Solid. South) Republican presidential tickets In 1944;

tion in 1946,” Mr. Halleck asserted. on our record.”

“And we will win

when Governor Landon was the G. QO. P. presidential nominee there were 315 Democrats and 104 Republie cans in the house,

and only. 89 Republicans; Following the off-year election of 1938, the Re= publican congressional seats increased to 169, but when the late Wendell L, Willkie was defeated by Roosevelt in 1940 they dropped to 163. :

Had 208 Seats in 1942

THE OFF-YEAR election of 1942 (after Pearl

publican congressmen were doomed because of their

pre-war record) they increased their seats to 208, Mr, Halleck pointed out.

seats and everyone was hopeful of carrying the house,” he said. Byt was defeated for the presideficy, the ' Republican, house. membership dropped to 190... That is the present number, with 242 Democrats, one Progressive, ane. American Labor and one seat vacant,

elections, * Mr. Halleck said, - Answering the statistics, Mr, LaFollette said that ihe people did not be the liberal protestations dential didates and platforms when ed at pre party's Fongressionial record:

is Herbert V. Evatt]

this conference for his straightforward- approach ol

He is trying} to organize the medium and smaller hations for]

If he could] break through the Big Five line here it would be aj

other changes, initiated here and there, among them,

for a more democratic security organization, though |

For the | Big Five is powerful, has things well in hand gene | erally, and is helped in putting over its program by | | the anxiety to get some sort of an organization set} up as quickly as possible because of the fast tempor,

record of Republicans in congress” caused defeat of §

This charge was made by Rep. Charles M. Lie k

to the party's congressional record. All these candie || dates had campaigned on more liberal platforms than § the party supported by their votes in congress, he J

MR. HALLECK came back with statistics to show | that the Republicans won house seats in the off-year elections but lost. them during presidential. came 1

He declared in the contested congressional’ dis | candidates ran some 700,000 votes ahead of their |

“We expect to carry the house in the off-year elecw 4 Statistics cited by Mr. Halleck show that in 1938, -§

After the landslide for the late | President Roosevelt (only Maine and Vermont went | Republican) there were 331 Democrats in the house |

Harbor when Willkie had predicted that many Ree |

“In the - presidential year of 1044 we- had 210 | in the election in which Governor: Dewey J “Bearing these figures and the results of the off

year elections dn'mind, I do not see how congress can. : be charged with Republican defeats in presidential

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