Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 April 1945 — Page 1

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Evil Nazi Mind Lives On—A Whole Generation Has Been Corrupted

By MALCOLM W. BINGAY

SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1945

Therefore, he made his request, not as any veloekibn” upon the accuracy of the correspondents, but as a mean of convincing the American people that the conditions cannot be exaggerated. He wanted to let them understand more fully the nature not only of the enemy we are now facing, but the enemy we must still confront after military victory. The newspaper delegation has just returned from

"Weimar where we inspected the horror camps uncovered at Buchenwald.

From this group a committee of three was chosen to draw up an official report to the war department and the American - newspapers. The ‘committee is made up of Julius Ochs Adler of he New York Times, Stanley High, of Reader's Digest, and the writer of this article. Friday morning a meeting of the delegation was held and it was determined that a cable should be sent to Secretary of War Stimson, urging that still other groups representing other walks of life be sent over that all the

world may be assured of the nadir of German depravity

resident in the core of Naziism.. More especially we have urged that a delegation of clergy of all denominations be sent over. Gen. Eisenhower's purpose is as ¢ ple. direct and clear. as ‘his own personality. ‘Propaganda has always been an instrument of war. In modern times it has been developed into almost a world conquering science by the Nazis. But propaganda is. a two-edged sword. There comes (Continued on Page 2 —Column 4)

: Editorial Director of The Detroit Free Press PARIS, April 28.—Gen. Eisenhower asked the war department to send to the European theater of war a delegation from congress and another delegation of American editors te see Nazi prison camps. : Conditions in these mass production murder factories have been fully covered by many war correspondents, with complete’ tinanimity of opinion. But Gen. Eisenhower, having examined one himself, could hardly believe the evidence of his own eyes.

Ernie Pyle's Last Column

d BIG FOUR GET TOP POWER TO GUIDE PARLEY

Sessions Speeded After . Two Days of Stalemate E On Organization. ff United Press Staff Correspondent

By LYLE C. WILSON SAN FRANCISCO, April 28.—The United Nations conference, now directed officially by a super council of Big Four foreign ministers, speeded up ts schedule today with two plenary” sessions, morning and afternoon, The decks were cleared, after a eouple of days of stalemate, when the surprise Big Four council was voted into existence by a plenary session late yesterday. But delegates who hoped to have the week-end off missed their sight-| seeing. Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius Jr. announced that there would be two—not one— plenary sessions. That whs in line with growing belief that this conference should be completed within a month. New Dispute Looms

And there were a few dark chinks in the aura of sweetness and light which now pervaded the conference halls. © Another potential United States-Russian dispute was in the ' making. The United States, it was learned, will present” to the conference an amendment providing for post-war review of treaties and such wartime political decisions as the one on Poland—if they involve injustices to the peoples involved. It is a hot potato and is expected to draw vigorous Russian opposition. Polish Issue Ditched

The amendment is based on one proposed by Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg (R. Mich.), and has been unanimously approved by. the American delegation. Vandenberg. was y. understood. to. prefer the, new, Jlan-

LORE TR Rha Lone A

: wording of his original prpposal. © The conference has ditched the. Polish ‘question, agreed>to Russia's

demands for three votes in the as-| -

sembly and now is beginning to look seriously into the idea of inviting Argentina -to join in these deliberations. Delegates are beginning to whoop it up for speed. The British suggested a one-month limit on the deliberations. Field Marshal Jan C. Smuts of South Africa urged the steering committee to fix a threeweek limit. Soviet Foreign Commissar V. M. Molotov jumped up to ask: “Why not two weeks or 10 days?

en

(This is Ernie Pyle’s last column. -

Hoosier Vagabond By Ernie Pyle

It is a beautiful tribute to Fred Painton, war correspond-

ent who died of natural causes on Guam a few weeks ago. Ernie was on Okinawa when he was

informed of Mr. Painton’s death.

He took time out from covering the war to write this touching

story about his friend. Only a few days later Ernie was killed. We know he would have wanted

us to publish this article.)

OKINAWA (By Navy Radio).—This is a column about Fred Painton, the war correspondent who dropped dead on Guam a short time ago. Fred wrote war articles for Reader's Digest and many other magazines. He even gambled his future once writing a piece for the Saturday Evening Post about me. Fred was one of the little group of real oldtimers in the European war. He was past 49 and an overseas veteran of the last war. His son is grown and in the army. Fred has seen a great deal of war for a man of his age. He. was just about to start back to America when he died. He had grown pretty weary of war. He was anxious to get home to have some time with his family. But I'm sure he had no inkling of death, for he told me in Guam of his post-war plans to take his family and start on an ideal and easy life of six months in Europe, six in America. He had reached the point where his life was nice. Fred Painton was one of the modest people; I mean real down-deep modest. He had no side whatever, no ax to grind, no coy ambition. He loved to talk and his words bore the authority of sound common sense. He had no intellectualisms. His philosophy was the practical kind. He was too old and experienced and too wise in the ways of human nature to belittle his fellow man for the failures that go with trying hard.

No Pretense at Genius

FRED DIDN'T pretend to literary geni but he did pride himself on a facility for ord duction. He could get a thousand dollars apiece for his articles and he wrote a score of them a year. And his pieces, like himself, were always honest. I've known him to decline to do an assignment when he felt the Subject prohibjied his poe it with fomplese honesty, no sm ¥ oud oe pits nasal Bs his’ British ‘trousers and short leggings were familiar in every campaign in Europe.

© didn’t have to

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He took rough life’ as it came and complained about nothing, except for an occasional bout with the censors. . And even there he made no enemies for he was always sincere.

' There were a lot of people Fred didn't like, and being no introvert everybody within earshot knew whom he didn’t like and why. And I have never known him to dislike anyone who wasn’t a phony. Fred and I have traveled through lots of war together. We did those bitter cold days, early in Tunisia and we were the last stragglers out of Sicily.

We both came home for short furloughs after Sicily. The army provided me with a powerful No. 2 air priority, while Fred had only the routine No. 3.

Knew Terror of Battlefield

WE LEFT the airport at Algiers within four hours of each other on the same morning. I promised Fred I would call his wife and tell her he would be home within a week.

When I got to New York I called the Painton home at Westport, Conn. Fred answered the phone himself. He beat me home by three days on his measly little priority! He never got over kidding me about that. As the war years rolled by we have become so indoctrinated into sudden and artificially imposed death that natural death in a combat zone seems incongruous, and almost as though the one who died had been cheated. Fred had been through the mill. His ship was torpedoed out from under him in the Mediterranean. Antiaircraft fire killed a man beside him in a plane over Morocco. He had gone on many invasions. He was in Cassino. He was ashore at Iwo Jima. He was certainly living on borrowed time. To many it seems unfair for him to die prosaically. And yet. + . The wear and the weariness of war is cumulalive. To many a man in the line today fear is not so much of death itself, but fear of the terror and anguish and utter horror that precedes death in battle. I have no .idea how Fred Painton would have liked to die. But somehow I'm glad he o through the yunaputal terror ead IR ttlefield. For be 7 fd hi know that he, like myself, had come. to feel that terror.

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30 Local Soldier

WANTS LEAGUE T0 PACK PUNCH

French Conference Delegate! ; Outlines Plan,

Gives Blood to

Save Iwo Lives

THE MIRACLE of whole blood and the heroism and the skill of the men in an army field hospital are two of the most. glowing

But there are others who figure] chdpters in the conquest of Iwo

four to five weeks as a minimum. ‘We Shall Try’ Molotov evidently was pleased that the Soviet Union had obtained entry for White Russia and the Ukraine—who will cast the two extra Russian votes in the assembly—to this conference, Henri Gris, of the United Press eonference staff, encountered Molotov in the war memorial opera | p. house. “Shall we be able to greet the republics of White Russia and the Ukraine here?” Ggis asked in Russian. “Postarayemsya,” replied Molotov, disposing of the question with a

word and a smile. The translation!

is: “We shall try.” Molotov may not have to try very hard. There was a report among conferees that delegates from both

(Continued on Page 2—Column 3)

Fear Viewed as Only Bar To Speed in Parley’'s Work

By RALPH HEINZEN nited Press Staff Correspondent SAN FRANCISCO, April 28.— Joseph Paul-Boncour, French veteran of the League of Nations, declared today that the proposed new world organization must have a standing army, navy and air force to avoid the fatal weakness of the old league—its “lack of punch.” Paul-Boncour, member of the French delegation, to the United Nations confereiice, is one of the small group of veterans of the old league now here to help in the construction of a new peace-keeping organization, He sald in an interview that he

Jima, Blood flown from San Francisco saved the lives of thousands. And it was needed,” for the losses on the island were unparalleled in marine history. The fleld hospital always had two or three cases of whole blood on hand but in the late stages of the battle a surprise Jap counterattack caught them short. » » »

THOSE WORKING in the shock tent, where cases for surgery are prepared, watched their dwindling stock with growing fear. After handling more than 100 casualties, the supply ran out. The first two men who heard of the shortage volunteered to give their blood for the wounded. One of the two is from Indianapolis. ‘He is Lt. David N. Mc-

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LOCAL TEMPERATURES 6a m,,... 3

WASHINGTON

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REPORT 5TH AT SWISS BORDER

Say “Advance Nazi Trap.

By HERBERT KING United Press Staff Correspondent ROME, April 28 (U. P.).—=A Zurich dispatch said today that the American 5th army had reached the Swiss border. E In a spectacular 60-mile dash northern Italy-had been cut In two, the dispatch said. This would trap tens of thousands of Germans and isolate Milan and Turin, The dispatch said the Americans entered Como, on the Italian side of the frontier, last night after an advance from their last reported positions west of Lake Garda. The patriot-controlled Milan radio reported that the Americans also had entered Milan, Italy's second city, But this was not confirmed. The radio said patriot forces already had liberated the city. Turin—the other great industrial

Completes

(Continued on Page 3—Column 1)

By HAL O’FLAHERTY, Times Foreign News Analyst

SAN FRANCISCO, April 28.—A

week of strenuous effort on the part

of the delegations meeting here to adopt a charter for the United Nations has accomplished all that was expected. The 46 parties to the discussions are settled comfortably and

the formalities of introduction ha

ve been carried through,

Obviously the conference has only one thing to fear and, as Roosevelt

forcefully put it, that is fear itself. Beneath the surface runs a stream of anxiety fed by the springs of hatred originating in the last war. Russia has not forgotten the days of 1919: when her frontiers were invaded by two of the powers

TIMES INDEX

- Amusements... 4| Daniel Kidney 6 Churches weesd0 Ruth Millett. . 7 Comics ....... 9 Movies ....... 4 | Max Cook are 1 Radio fenennan 9 Crossword .... 9 Mrs. Roosevelt 7 tas hi 5 Sports sesearas 8

now joined in the effort to put down aggression. _ Russia's Foreign Minister Molotov was a part of the group that overthrew the Czarist regime and set up the Bolshevik government. He will carry through life the scars of those days and if, in ‘this conference, he is abrupt or quick to assert Russia's rights, he is Justified by his memories of the past. Nor is it only due to his oWwn| memory. Some newspapers are everyone out here aware of

A Weekly Sizeup by the Washington Staff of the Scripps-Howard Newspapers

the differences between a SouyBum1st

WASHINGTON, April 28.—Harry Truman's first fortnight as President: No little group of White House brain trust advisers

Rebels Call oil Americans to

Rush Help. |

By BOYD D. LEWIS | United Press Staff Correspondent

PARIS, April 28.—Revo-| lutionists seized control hy Munich today and radioed an urgent appeal for American | help in overthrowing the! Nazis. At mid-day, however, a broadcast purporting to come from the Gauleiter in the city claimed the uprising had been suppressed. From confused radio broadcasts and censored front dispatches one clear fact emerged—the fires of revolution had been lighted in Ba-

varia, once the strongest citadel in Nazidom. Two American armies were racing in on Munich from positions less than 30 miles to the west and north in answer to a desperate appeal from the rebels for immediate help. Report Hitler Shot

Direct confirmation of the Munich revolution came on the Swiss border from a high diplomat who arrived in Switzerland with a story of wild disorder and anti-Nazi violence throughout the Reich. The diplomat said Hitler and

| Propaganda Minister Joseph Goeb-

Fore: ARAN TES three dav: ARO | {Hae deh Wis « Kpectiou” to

be ih American hands by nightfall.

The Gauleiter called’ on Bavaria {to continue what obviously was a { hopeless fight against the converg|ing - American ‘armies and declared | that the Munish “traitors” had been dealt with ruthlessly. There was no confirmation of the Nazi claim which in itself was the first -. enemy admission that the dreaded peace revolution had begun, ire as it did in 1918 in the final] {hours of world war I.

| | «' Leader Nazi General

Field dispatches from the 3d army front identified the rebel leader as Gen. Hans Ritter von Epp, last reported as a member of the Hitler government and one of the first Nazis elected to the Reichstag. A rebel broadcast to the people of Munich and apparently also to French slave workers in Bavaria quoted Von Epp as announcing that Germany’s capitulation’ was “imminent” and that “the hour of freedom has struck.” Von Epp, or a spokesman, declared that he had decided to break off the fighting against the Americans, “Mn this hour, there is but one thing that matters, namely calmly and with faith in the new leadership to see to it that the bloodshed be discontinued and that the calamity which has befallen the German people be not aggravated by a fight between Germans and Germans,” he said. Later a German claiming to be Paul Geisler, Nazi Gauleiter of Munich and upper Bavaria over the |same wave length a claim that the

(Continued on Page 2—Column 6)

Hoosier Heroes—

4 KILLED, 4 MISSING,

12 GAPTURED, 2 FREED

Three’ Die in Germany and. -

One in Pacific.

Three local” servicemen have -lost

has emerged. Fact is that in most matters so far, the “|their lives in Germany and -one

chief executive has been his own adviser. People seeing him most frequently fall into two groups: ‘Congréssmen, and former cronies from Missouri. He has made no move yet to load up the payroll with Truman men; the few old friends around him aren't rated as qualified or, disposed to advise on Amon national questions, : he : i su = aren 2 THERE'S one man on whose counsel M#; Truman is placng hig value—Cordell. Hull, He has visited the former secretary of state at naval hospital twice to review important foreign issues, and on the elderly Tennessean is likely to Somtiive,

Other-

in the Pacific, today's casualty lists reveal. ‘Also four are missing; two are prisoners of the Nazis, and another two have been freed from German prisons. : KILLED. Machinist's Mate 3-¢c Sidney R. Ratcliffe, 1653 Bradbury ave. Sm the Pacific. LA 4 8. Sgt. Wesley Hare m, Nobles ville, in Germany.

¢

Ple. Filiam N. Sith, 1630 N.

Oh the War Eronis

(April 28, 1945) cutting northern Italy in two = E.G trapping thousands of Germans.

PACIFIC—Tokyo reports 100-ship U. 8. invasion fleet off west Oki- « nawa preparing ‘new operation”; B-29’s blast Kyushu's airfields for third straight day; Americans on Mindanao drive within sight of! Davao gulf.

BURMA—British armored columns! advanced 56 miles in 24 hours to reach witht 62 pes of Rangoon. :

WESTERN FRONT—Revolt flames in Munich; allied armies sweep through southern Germany to! deliver death blow to Reich,

EASTERN FRONT—Russian shock troops break into Berlin's last-| ditch citadel; Moscow says siege is nearing end.

ITALY-Fifth army reported at Swiss border aller S0emile dash,

High Diplomat Fornishes New Rumor on Fate of Feuhrer,

By LOUIS F. KEEMLE, United Press War Editor

Joseph Goebbels were shot three days ago. He said that Himmler now was in Berlin.

He also reported revolt in Munich and said allied occupation of the city was expected by tonight.

The diplomat said the German

army declared Munich an open city Thursday night, but the Nazis opposed the declaration and the revolution started as a consequence. Lt. Gen. Kurt Dittmar—who va! Germany's leading military com- | mentator and was regarded as re-| flecting the views of the high command = surendered yesterday 10| hoy hoa ra nisin Sar the Americans at Magdeburz, on o rv. : the Elbe west of Berlin. Dittmar said Hitler either will] te killed orwill oom mit suicide in J rena, oder said that Gestapo |.

inrich Himmler yesterday |: Berlin and. thal Nuys song own WO rested. Deri by wen wits in a few days. =

right- hand a - ‘One of three generals — Von . man, 8 Gen: ;Schellen

nN her Brauchtisch, - Guderian, or Von| E

| (An Exchange Telegraph’ disseek Petes on sumost, any. terms [AiCh from Zurich said” it. was earned reliably in ‘Munic a Dittmar said. He belittled. the | gi ier had ordered the arrest of prospect of a stand in the Bavarian | py. Otto Meissner, undersecretary redoubt.

The Siplomay Who reached Switz- | | (Continued on Page 3} cuColumm 1)

Reds at Alexanderplatz Berlin Making Last Stand

LONDON, April 28 (U. P).—The German high command admitted today that Russian siege forces had slashed to the Bran-| denburg gate and Alexanderplatz in the heart of Berlin. Moscow dispatches said the suicide garrison of the ruined capital virtually had been wiped out with the killing or capture of 19,500 Nazi troops yesterday. Only relatively small units of fanatical elite guards and Volkssturmers remained fight the last hours of the nearly ended battle. A Nazi communique said German troops on the Elbe “have turned their backs on the Americans in order, to relieve the defenders of Berlin by attacks from outside.” But it sounded like a pep talk. The Russian barrier around the capital was miles wide. Two American armies were ready to pounce from the rear on army any turning toward Berlin. The same communique that referred to relieving Berlin gave its defenders a grandiloquent testimonial, but much like an epitaph, Such as the Nazis usually accord | dred feet to the southeast. their expendable garrisons.

Reports reaching here said fightAdmitting Russian penetrations | ino was raging “very near”

inside the inner defense ring to |Aqolf Hitler's Reichschancellery on Charlottenburg, to the Branden-|he wilhelmstrasse, the Reichstag burg gate where Unter Den Linden | on the northeast corner of the Tierreaches the . Tiergarten, and

Alexander Platz, i Nad command ”

Where Are Nazi Leaders? Here Are Latest Reports

By UNITED PRESS HERMANN GOERING—A dipThe whereabouts or status of | lomat in Switzerland said yester-

day he shot himself and daughNazi leaders and their satellites ters in executing death sentence today on the basis of announce-

pronounced by Nazis. ments, rumors and reports on the | JOSEPH GOEBBEL S—Shot allied manhunt: "| three days ago, according to Swiss ADOLF HITLER--In Berlin. ~ Dorder report. One Swiss report says he was |° HEINRICH HIMMLER-—Swiss shot three days ago: report said he flew to Berlin yesBENITO MUSSOLINI — Cap-, | terday; Luxembourg radio said he tured by Italian patriots in Lake | made offer fo surrender Germany Como border area, according to | to Britain and United States. Romie radio. Reported taken with |. PIERRE LAVAL—Asked twice | him were such former Fascist ‘colleagues as Roberto Farinnaci, party secretary; Alessandro” Pav- : olini, propaganda minister; Mar- | Rodolfo Graziani,- chief ‘of | secretary

WITH U. S. IST ARMY, Germany, April 28 (U. P.). — Hans Goebbels, brother of Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, was captured today in the Millrath suburb of Duesseldorf as he was packing suitcases in apparent preparation for flight. Goebbels said he did not know where his

Sa

BULLETIN LONDON, April 28 (U. P.).— Marshal Stalin announced today that the Red army in a sweeping advance north of Berlin had captured Torgelow, Eggesin, Pasewalk, Templin and Strasburg.

sald . the Horst Wessel were under heavy fire. At the Brandenburg gate the | Russians were a block from where the famous Hotel Adlon stood and almost as close to the Reichstag | building. Adolf Hitler's Reichschancellory was only a few hun-

barracks |

(Continued u Page 2—Column 6)

Switzerland, ac advices.

DR.

to border

ER. under-

fy mam i, | Himmler ordeed

% Gudio Bufarini-Guidi, | Telegraph a Ri “lly arsest

A high diplomat who has just arrived at the Swiss border from Germany said today that Adolf Hitler and Propaganda Minister Paul,

last night for permission to enter re

HINT NAZI PEACE FEELERS; MUNICH REVOLT FLARES

Hitler And Goebbels Reported Shot

London Notes Bid | ‘But Has No

Information.’

By PHIL AULT United Press Staff Correspondent

| LONDON, April 28.—The | government today took official cognizance, without affirmation or denial, of a report that Heinrich Himmler had offered to guarantee the unconditional surrender of Germany 'to America and Britain—excluding Russia — and had received a blunt rejection. A source at allied supreme headquarters in France said that 8. H. A. E. F. “has no knowledge of any such offer., If any has been made, it has beeh made on a gov~ ernment level.” : A statement from No. 10 Downing st., apparently written by Prime" Minister Churchill, hinted that

some offer of capitulation might be received from the Nazis at any time. * The exceptional procedure of is{suing such a statement, coupled | with its assertion that the govern {ment had. no information on the subject “at this moment,” suggested {that Churchill might be standing {by for any proposal. : Rejection Reported The’ RR statement was ed said “that | Himmler, Getman interior minister and. gestapo chief, offered to Sites {antee the untonditional surrender of Germany to the United States {and Britain. | In the words of the Downing st. statement, the report added that the western allies “replied, saying that they will not ‘accept uncondi{tional surrender except on behalf lot all the allies, including Russia.” { The version of the report as broadcast by the. allied-controlled Luxembourg radio and recorded here by the B. B. C. said:

Formal Statement Issued

‘The following message has been | conveyed to the foreign ministers of the United States, Great Britain and Russia: “Heinrich ‘Himmler has sent a message in which he guarantees the unconditional surrender of Ger{many to the United States and | Great Britain: The governments of {the United States and Great Britain | have replied that unconditional | surrender will only be accepted if {the offer is addressed to all the { allies.” Soon after the Lustsbours broadcast, No. 10 Downing. official residence of the prime Li {ister, issued the formal statement on the report.

Warnings Renewed

Nowhere did the statement say that the report was false. The im- | plication appeared to be that it might be true. The statement said only that the government had no information to give about fit. It concluded with a reiteration of the oft-expressed allied policy:

Death Rumored

“It must be emphasized that only unconditional surrender to the major powers will be entertained, and that the closest accord prevails between the three powers.” Thus was renewed implicitly the warning to’ the remnants of Ger. many that there was no need to try the old dodge of playing the Anglo-Americans against the Russians. In the past Himmler has been re puted eel that Germany should make a Ueal with Russia, whereas the other Nazi leaders favored the western powers. : Himmler himself has faded away

{

|

| might have made the reported offer to the allies. 3

| WASHINGTON, ON, April 8 we. fe wiedge of ici claimed know an |

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