Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 April 1945 — Page 1
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“FORECAST: Partly cloudy and cooler tonight and tomorrow; strong
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N SCRIPPS ~ HOWARD &
VOLUME 56—NUMBER 31
MONDAY, APRIL 16; 1945
Entered as Second-Class Mater at Postoffies Indianapolis, 9, Ind. Issued daily except Sunday
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Truman Reaffirms ‘Unconditional Surrender’ Policy
Yanks And Russians
WESTERN FRONT Firet and 3d armies join pay-off ‘battle for Berlin; German resistance stalls U. S. 9th army along Elbe
river 45 to 50 miles from
wins second Elbe bridgehead and beats off counter-attack. Otfler American forces roll unchecked toward juncture with Red
army.
EASTERN FRONT—Hitler annountes Rus-
sians have opened assault
appeals to troops to save eapital,
Havel R.
we
Rhine R.
Berlin.. Ninth
.on. Berlin and
govaet anal . Goerlitz
Nye :
GERMANY
Cologne
oT ALY Fittest army group general spring offensive; 5th army opens attack in mountains below Bologna. AIR WAR—2000 U. S. planes attack German §trongpoint Gironde estuary to support French drive to clear Bordeaux. Mosquitoes. PACIFIC—New air assault adds to devastation left in large Tokyo area by Saturday's B-29 raids.
launches
R. AF bomb Berlin.
] x
EF burt
Gie essen
§
With German counterblows slowing the British in the north and pushing the U. 8. 9th back across the E%e river at one point below Magdeburg, the U, 8. 1st army bypassed Coldits while the 3d moved into the |
outskirts of Chemnitz, a heavy Gerinan counter-attack.
Soviets Strike for Berlin From Line at Oder River
4
By ROBERT MUSEL
: United Press Staff Correspondent LONDON, April 16—The Red army attacked on a 110-mile front
east of Berlin today in a general Nazi capital and link up witH allied a
offensive to.capture the devastated rmies in the west.
In the first few hours of the long-expected assault, the Nazis con-
ceded, the Russians penetrated the Kuestrin and Frankfurt. due east of across the Oder midway between the capital and Stetin. A stockhold dispatch said a warning to watch out for Russian tanks in Berlin's eastern suburbs was sounded today. It added that the Russians crashed through the first and into. the second German defense line between Kuestrin and Frankfurt about 30 miles east of Berlin, whose garrison was in the “highest state of alarm.” The Soviet high command did not confirm the offensive immediately, but the Germans usually first to announce such major Soviet drives—left no doubt that the supreme push from the east had begun. Marshal’ Gregory K. Zhukov's| 1st White Russian army threw the main weight of its all-out offengive against the German line from | Wriezen, 23 miles northeast of Berlin, to Fuerstenberg, 42 miles southeast, at 3:15 a. m. under cover of a terrific air and artillery bombardment. Grim Fighting “Grim fighting” developed on Berlin's frontal defenses, Nazi accounts said, and Soviet forces wedged into the line in at least one point. Eighty miles to the west,
(Continued on Page 7—Column 3)
LOCAL TEMPERATURES
TIMES INDEX
Amusements . + 13 Bluth Millett. . Business 6 {Movies Comics ...... 1 Obituaries ... 16 Crossword ... 17 Fred - Perkins .9 Ludwell Denny 9 {Ernie Pyle ... 9 Editorial .... Forym .:.... 10]A. Scherrer. .. 10 Meta Given 19 Sie Side Glances . 10
Inside Indpls.. ear in Th Jordan. 17|
Tom Stokes - 10)
last-ditch Nazi defense line between Berlin and seized a new bridgehead
ALL-OUT DRIVE IN ITALY IS OPENED
Gen. Alexander Says ‘Last Battle’ Is On.
By WALTER COLLINS United Press Staff Correspondent ROME, April 16~The U. 8. 5th army opened a crashing attack in the Italian mountains below Bologna today. Gen. Mark V. Clark announced that the allied 15th army group's general spring offensive now is on. “The moment now has come for us to take We: flex field for the last
| (Continued on “Page 7—Column 8)
The 9th, meanwhile, crossed the Elbe at another point near Barby and smashed
NO- RETREAT.
HITLER ORDERS’
Calls Trips 0 to Stop Reds In ‘Sea of Blood.
LONDON, April 16 (U. P.).—Adolf Hitler said today the Red army had launched its last mass offensive. He called on his troops to drown the assault on Berlin in “a sea of blood” and. turn the tide of war “at the very moment when destiny has removed from this earth the greatest war criminal of all times.”
Hitler issued a special order of the day to the troops of the Eastern front saying that the Red army had launched a mass offensive. He promised that. this offensive and the attack in the west would be beaten off if his troops stood firm. He warned them to’ obey no order to retreat, whatever the rank of the. officer giving it, unless the offiicer personally was known to them. He instructed his troops to shoot any officer whose orders fhey :suspected. Hitler deglared that any German soldier who did not fulfill his duty was a traitor.
“PARIS, April
a
NAZI CENTER LINE SMASHED BY AMERICANS
9th Army Troops Beat Off Attack Against Their Elbe Bridgehead.
By BOYD D. LEWIS United Press Staff Correspondent
16.—The American 1st army wheeled tank and infantry reserves northward to join in the payoff battle for Berlin today. The 1st also fused with the U. 8. 3d army in a massive armored offensive that broke open the center of the Germans’ collapsing front,
off a German counter-attack against their newly-won Elbe river bridgehead near Barby. The French drive to open the
American 9th army troops beat] -
Ww ASHINGTON,
elaimed by Franklin | “I want in turn Americans and all t
MEETING WITH ANTHONY EDEN
New President Moves Swiftly| Into. Foreign Field; To See Molotov: By i. H. SHACKFORD
United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, April 16.—Presi-|
gateway to Bordeaux was supported by 2000 American bombers and fighters which attacked strong
WITH U. §. 9TH ARMY IN GERMANY, April 16 (U. P.).— The U. S. 9th army liberated 58,-
cluding -689 Americans, in its three-week advance from the Rhine to the Elbe river, it was disclosed today.
WITH BRITISH 2D ARMY, April 16 (U. P.).—The British 7th armored division overran a German prison camp teday at Fallingbostel, 30 miles north of Hannover, and liberated 6500 American and British captives.
points along the Gironde estuary. Another aerial force hit rail yards and bridges between northern Germany and the Bavarian redoubt. eld dispatches said the 1st and 3d ies had thrown the greatest armored concentration in military history against the Nazi center in
Russians in the east and finish off the remnants of German military power. The extent of the German disaster was revealed in a front dis-
~+patch reporting that more than!
|216,000 German prisoners were! |taken by the Americar 1st. 3d and
{9th armies in the past 72 hours,
| most of them from the “Ruhr trap.! Near Czech Border Except for isolated pockets of re-
| sistance around such enemy strong- | {holds as Leipzig and Chemnitz, the.
| German lines appeared to have broken wide open under the ceaseless American pounding. = Gen. George S. Patton's fly-|
510 allied prisoners of war, in-
tan all-out hid to link up with the!
{ dent Truman conferred for 20 min-| { utes today with British Foreign Sec- |
| retary Anthony Eden who delivered severa] verbal messages from Prime | Minister Winston Churchill, Also present were Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius Jr. and {British Ambassador Lord Halifax.| | Stettinius met with Mr. Truman | earlier—shortly after the President| arrived in the -executive office at {the early hour of 8:15 a. Tis then {returned to join in the confere {with Eden and the a. Eden, who flew from England " attend the late President. Roose velt's funeral, told reporters as ed left Mr. Truman's office: “I was very pleased to have the, privilege of calling on the Presi-| dent and very grateful that he found time to see me on this day when he has his first important speech to aeliver. - Messages From Churchill “Naturally I brought him some messages from the prime minister
telling him how sgratified we are about the very close relations that exist’ between us in all our affaisk.” It was the new President's: first | full dress foray into the field of | foreign’ affairs—a field which will (occupy much of his time in coming | months.. He returned from the {burial services at Hyde Park for | President Roosevelt last night to begin his first full day as the na{tion's chief executive.
Other Talks Scheduled Before the San Francisco confer-
ence on world organization opens |
next week, Mr. Truman will: ONE: Continue talks with Brit-
Here is President Truman's “I call upon all Americans to help me keep our nation united in defense of those ideals which have been so eloquently pro-
and liberty throughout the world that T will
TRUMAN HOLDS
.{ President Truman .
April 16 U. P.
pledge:
Roosevelt. to assure my fellow hose who love peace
‘All My Heart'
| | | | | | | | | |
. . “With all my strength and all my heart.”
|
TODAY'S RUMOR—
REPORT. ARMY PLOT IS 1S FOILED
Say Boaring involved, Move Stopped by Himmler.
By W. R. HIGGINBOTHAM United Press Std Correspondent
|
aunch Berlin Payoff Battle |
support Eh Jeferid those Lm with allmy strength and with all my heart. That is my duty and I shall not shirk it. “So that there can be no possible mis‘understanding, both Germany and Japan can be certain, beyond any shadow" of doubt, America will continue the fight for freedom until no vestige of resistance re-.
. mains!”
PROMISES TO
UPPORT ALL
F.D.R.
a
IDEALS
Asserts Present High Command on War Fronts Will Remain, ‘Unchanged
and Unhampered.’ (Text of Truman's Speech, Page 9)
WILSON
By LYLE C. United Press Staff Correspondent
Ww ASHINGTON, April 16.—President Truman today
‘solemnly reaffirmed ‘the “unconditional surrender”
for ending the war.
terms .
He gave our enemies notice that America's great team of military commanders will be kept on the job of beating ‘them into absolute submission. Standing humbly before the congress in which he had
| served, the. new President also pledged himself to carry
lon Franklin D. Roosevelt's program for enduring world | peace and “our efforts to improve the lot of the common
| people.”
Supports Roosevelt Ideals . Addressing a somber joint session of the ES
senate only one day after he watched the body of his pre-
| LONDON, April 16.—An uncon-|qecessor being laid to rest in the earth of Hyde Park, Mr.
Armed French report said today | that Gestapo Chief Heinrich | Himmler had thwarted a new German army plot to overthrow Adolt | Hitler and sue for peace,
ticity, came in the midst of feverish |
| ments can be expected on the mili tary and diplomatic fronts before | Prime Minister Churchill addresses | commons Thursday. ! Rumors even were circulating in! Stockholm that Germany's capitu- | lation could be expected today, ‘probably this afternoon.” Clashes Between Army and S.S. | Other unconfirmed ‘reports said |
tank columns were néaring and Sh Foreign Secretary Eden, whose |nartial law- had Been declared in!
a on “Page 7—Column 1)
11 B-29's Missing In Raid on Tokyo
By UNITED PRESS Another huge Amerfcan fleet | heaped new destruction on Tokyo today while fires still burned in a|
B-29 attack on the capital. Eleven Superfortresses are missing from today's raid. This comprised the largest loss reported on any single raid to' date. The larg-
nese time.)
OPENER CALLED OFF WASHINGTON, April 16 (U. P.). —The Washington Senators today |
opener, because of rain.
large area devastated by: -Saturday’s|
Between 300 and 400 Super- | (Continued on*Page 7—Column |
called off their scheduled baseball| game with the New York Yankees, | 0 teq missing, is now a prisoner supposed to have been the season's
government is anxious to explore |geiifh with chiefs of staff and for- | have brought the war within sight of victory.
the intentions of' the new admin- | |istration in the foreign field. TWO: Hold similar talks with Soviet Foreign Commissar V. M. | Molotov, now that Marshal Josef | {Stalin has decided, at Mr. Truman's
| (Continued on Page 7—Column ————————— i ———————
Hoosier Heroes—
{FOUR LOCAL MEN
|=
KILLED IN ACTION!
est previous loss reported was Six|
missing ‘in the raid Sunday (Japa- | te 3 . Three Die in Germany, One|
Near Indo-China.
|in action in. Germany and a gunner jon a B-29 was killed near Indo-
China, today's casualty lists reveal. |In addition, one man previously re-
| (Continued on “Page 5—Column 1)
IT'S YOUR deal, folks! And deal a full pack. They are for the G. Is at Billings and Wakeman general hospitals and the Veterans Administratipn hose pital on Cold Springs road.
Today opens a two-week -drive by the Veterans of Foreign Wars and The Indianapolis Times to collect playing cards for the hospitalized men of both world wars.
Every public library in Indianapolis will be a collecting station. So any time through, the 28th, drop those extra decks into the basket provided at the library nearest your home.’ 7 The need for clean, 52-to-a-deck packs is urgent. They don’t need to be new: Just so they are clean and have 52 cards.
i.
ment of Indiana service. officer of the V. F. W,, Enows only. We well the need, : :
News 12!
ast » LJ CORBY ROUDEBUSH, depart-
The Wounded Need Playing Cards—Do You Have Any?
Three local servicemen have died |
|eign diplomatic representatives for|bidden to travel outside the capital. | The attempted coup against Hit{ler was Feported D by the French |
(Continued on “Page 7—Column 6 |
"ena HOMAGE— Roosevelt Is ' Laid fo Rest | In Hyde Park
By CHARLES T. LUCEY Scripps-Howard Staff Writer YDE PABK, N.Y, April 16. —Franklin Roosevelt rested :- forever with his Dutch fathers today in an April-green field high above the gently-roll-ing Hudson. They buried the fallen Com-mander-in-Chief yesterday amid
the broad Hyde Park acres he loved—buried him as a reverent nation-at home and millions in | American armies alroad prayed | their Sunday morning. prayers for the eternal rest of his brave " soul. . ” ” n AROUND his grave the nation’s | great mingled in silent homage with. Dutchess county neighbors he knew so .well. - Supreme court justices, senators, admirals and generals bowed | heads in silent prayer. There stood politicians helped him . rise and stay power longer than any President in history. “And men he had lifted from obscurity to national prominence, men who supported him always without question, and mén who had tried ‘to tear him to pieces politically. There were army veterans who _ had fought on foreign fields and
who | in.‘
IT TOOK st an "our “for the nation. 39 SY & this this las goodby to
- The xeport, of Geghiiul authen- |
April 25 at San Francisco.
| The 1814 Congress of Vienna ar-
APIOW-staight West, Fan Young. 4
Truman promised to suppért
and defend Mr, Roosevelt's
deals." ‘with all my strength and with all my heart. Woven through his speech was a plea for aid from all | Americans in carrying out that pledge.
”
1
peace.
But most of all, at this moment he wanted to dash any idéa’ th€sxis feaders may have had that the change in adspeculation that major “develop- | ‘ministrations might bring an opportunity for. a negotiated
‘Unconditional Surrender’
He aimed these words at
Tokyo and Berlin:
“Our derffind has been, and it’ remains—unconditional
surrender!” (He emphasized the word
“Nothing shall shake our war criminals even though we {of the earth.”
“rémains.”) determination to punish the must pursue them to the ends
Then he ran down the list of our top commanders who
“I want the entire world
And he said: to know that this direction
must and will remain—unchanged and unhampered!"
@
Then he promised to carr
| ganization plan for lasting peace.
lems of peace with the same,
and mastered the problems of war,” he said. “In: the memory of those
|who have made the supreme!
sacrifice—in fallen
the memory of our! President—we shall not]
{ fail!”
‘Must Have Faith’
He told his listeners—the legislators before him and’ untold millions of others via radio—that thé world’s .great nations ‘must work together to build - and maintain peace.
“We must not only have hope!
‘i spiracy
i shall never
We Will Not Fail
y forward with the world or“We will face the probe
| courage that we have faced | but we must have faith enough to
[work with other peace-loving nae [tions to mahtain the peace,” he
| | said
“Nothing is more essential to the future peace of the world than (continued co-operation of the na« 'tions which ‘had to muster the force necessary to defeat the conof the Fascist powers to dominate the world.” He promised Americans that “we cease our struggle to preserve and maintain our American way of life,” and said: “Let me assure the forward-look-
(Continued on Page 7-Column 4)
World Order or Third War?
Golden Gate Holds Answer
The united nations conference to create a world organization for | the maintenance of international peace and security . will begin | In a series of articles, William Philip Simms, Scripps-Howard foreign editor, explains the reasons for the conference, its problems, and ‘its goal.
»
By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Scripps-Howard Foreign ‘Editor SAN FRANCISCO, April 16.-
ranged a peace which remained unbroken, except for relatively minor Wars, for "100 years. Will the Congress of the Golden Gate do as well?
, Or will world war III. follow world war II even more "Quickly
than world war II’ followed. world ¥
“war. I? These are the fundamentals ‘which thé 40-odd members of the united nations .must solve when | they meet here next week. issue. can't be dodged.
decisions will be fatal to world peace. Evasions will be just as
| bad. A hundred difficult “yeses”
and “noes” will have to be said courageously — or else, In some ways, the world situation today is similar to that faced by the powers at Vienna, 130 years ago. Europe had been overrun by Napoleon Bonaparte as it recently
Whither- Poland? The first of a series of articles by William Henry Chamberlin starts today on Page Eight. it
was -by Adolf Hitler; then it was liberated by the allies, pretty much as now. At Vienna, the job was to put an end to Napoleonism. At the Golden Gate, it will be to end Hitlerism., Ait ah But the Golden Gate job will ‘be far bigger and more difficult than that of Vienna, Then, only \
| (Continued on “Page Cajuns