Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 April 1945 — Page 1

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VOLUME 56—NUMBER 22

THURSDAY, APRIL 5, 1945

Russia Denounces Neutrality

. 8 »

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice Indianapolis, 9, Ind. Issued daily except Sunday

act With Japa nese

PRICE FIVE CENTS

' Ike Doubts Nazis Will Give Up, Sees Guerrilla Fight

WASHINGTON, April 5 (U. P.).—Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower has advised President Roosevelt that there “may never be a clean-cut surrender” of German armies. He added that his forces may face a hard campaign to suppress fanatical Hitler guerrillas. “ The supreme commander’s letter, made public by the White House today, also revealed that plans are being made to prevent guerrilla forces from gaining control of any large area in Germany “such as the southern moun-

tain bastion.”

Gen. Eisenhower warned that nevertheless “a very large number of troops” may be required by the allies to

| 3RD 120

| FROM BERLIN; 9TH AT WESER!

Patton Forces Sweep Into Harz Mountains; Column Swings South in Drive to Cut Germany in Half.

By BOYD

United Press Staff Correspondent PARIS, April 5.—American 3d arnly troops were reported driving into the Harz mountains 120 miles southwest

of Berlin today.

The U, S. 9th army massed at the Weser river on a 40-mile front for a drive down the direct northern speedway to the capital. Third army tanks ran riot through the

German rear on a front of perhaps 100 miles. They threatened an imminent drive into Czechoslovakia on their southern flank that would cut Germany in two. The Americans were moving | swiftly info the vital” rear supply["

ws areas of the German ‘armies drawn

PARIS, April 5 (U.P.).— Two American armies stormed into the Ruhr valley to finish off an estimated 150,000 t 'pped Germans today,

up on the Eastern front. . The front is now 170 miles or less beyond the

‘3d army's vanguards. Resistance

everywhere appeared to be falling apart. - Radio Luxembourg said the northern wing of Lt. Gen. George 8S. Patton's 3d army had broken into the western edge of the Harz mountains. The indicated an advance of more than 40 miles northeastward from their last reported positions near Kassel.

Muehlhausen Falls

Fifty miles south of the Harz range, Patton sent Rundreds of tanks stabbing through the Thuringian forests against the weakest opposition. The Americans capturfed Muehlhausen, 136 miles

(Continued “Page Comm 1)

WAR FRONTS

\ April 5, 1945 WESTERN FRONT—3d army tanks pour through~ breach in Germany’s central lines, some 120 miles from Berlin, EASTERN FRONT-Russians lay siege to Vienna along 50-mile arc; vanguards reported fighting in city’s southeastern outskirts, PACIFIC—Japanese premier and cabinet resign, admitting helplessness to halt American invasfon of homeland; American forces on Okinawa meeting first major opposition; MacArthur announces Philippines campaign in final stages.

AIR WAR~—Fleet of 1800 American war planes blasts targets in Munich-Nuernberg area of southern Germany. ITALIAN FRONT—8th army advances on Adriatic coast; patrol clashes occur elsewhere on front.

Pyle: First 2 Days Are Over; Everybody's Flabbergasted

—— By ERNIE PYLE

Times War Correspondent OKINAWA (By Navy Radio).— Now that we are ashore in full force upon the Japanese island of Okinawa I would like to go back and tell you in detail how the in-

capital.

«TIMES INDEX

Amusements. 12{ Movies ...... 12 Business aa 24 Obituaries aa: 10 Comics ".....,. 27 Fred Perkins. 15 Crossword ,.. 23| Radio assis A Editorials .... 16 Ration Dates. 1 Fashions .... 20 Mrs. Reoseyelt 15 Forum ....... 16 Wm, P. Simms 16

2 In Indpls..,.. 10 Sports ....... 22

Inside Indpls. 15 Tom Stokes., 16 Jane Jordan. 27|Up Front.... 15| Ruth Millett. 15 Woaieniy News 2 2} ¢

“| just go by the book.”

whip the guerrillas.

ing.

If the present situation continues, he wrote, V-E day will be signalized by a simple allied proclamation that there no longer is organized resistance:

There is not likely to be

ing everywhere as there was on Armistice day in the last

war. Secretary of War Henry

a news conference that the German people have no choice (Continued on Page 5—Column 5)

MILES

D. LEWIS

VIENNA DEATH STAND- ORDE

pig) Ww

Outskirts of City.

LONDON, April 5 (U, P.).—Russian troops and tanks laid siege to Vienna along a 50-mile arc today. Vanguards were fighting through the southeastern outskirts of the

Austrian capital. Be Massed Russian arity and Red air force bombers pumped ton after ton of explosives into the burning

Adolf Hitler has ordered the city defended to the death to protect the back door to Germany. A Moscow dispatch sald assault forces fighting in the suburbs of Vienna had been joined by the vanguard of other army units racing westward from captured Bratislava. The junction of the two armies was expected to result in the speedy fall of the capital. Vienna's last big outer fortress, the Slovakian capital of Bratislava, 25 miles to the east, was toppled yesterday by Marshal Rodion Y. Malinovsky’s 2d Ukrainian army group. Malinovsky's forces rushed on through the Bratislava gap between the Danube ‘and Lake Neusiedler for a frontal smash at Vienna while Marshal Feodoer I. Tolbukhin's 3d Ukrainian army group closed in on the city from the southwest, south and. . southeast.

GERMAN PRISONERS SUFFOCATE IN CARS

PARIS, April 5°(U. P.).—Supreme headquarters announced today that a number of German war prisoners were suffocated in the course of rail movement to camps in France on March 15-16 while in the custody of American troops. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered an investigation and notified the German government through Intermediate diplomatic channels. An interim report, SHAEF said, indicated that the prisoners died because of insufficient ventilation in a new type of American box cars. Details were lacking.

‘As our regimental commander said the night before the landing: “All I'm worried about is getting past the first two days when we are on our own and will have to improvise to meet every situation. But after that we will be established’ and from .then on we can

The first two days aré over—accomplished with an ease that had everybody flabbergasted. By evening of the first day we had done much more than the most optimistic ‘planner figured we could in the first thre¢“days. So from now on it's “by the book’ - For some redson which I haven't fathomed yet the conventional name of Dany wa ‘was changed for

11s to continue what we are doing to

ICKES URGES MINE SEIZURE

TO END TIEUPS

Calls for Action as Workers

Walkout.in Defiance of Lewis’ Pact.

WASHINGTON, April 5.— Fuel | &

Administrator Harold L. Ickes said today he believed the government should take over the soft coal mines at once, “I don’t think we ought to wait, Ickes told a press conference, in

veiw of continued wild-cat strikes|: that have cut soft coal production |;

to 65 per cent this week. ; “With the demand what it is today and the prospects in Europe, we seem to be running into trouble. “I don't think any miners have the right to lay down their tools at a time like this when all we need

win through to victory in Europe. It is unsupportable and, inexcusable.”

‘a

Production Cut

_ Ickes’ call for seizure of the mines came as an “open revolt against

oday. =

Wage contract negotiations” here] .

continued with the same futile appearance which has marked them for more than a month. Roving pickets in Pennsylvania discouraged back-to-work movements at many mines despite U. M. W. President John L. Lewis’ agree-

ment to extend for a month the old!

contract which expired at midnight last Saturday. Ickes said about 300° soft coal mines were shut down yesterday and about the same number today. With the mines producing only 65 per cent of normal, he said, “we are headed toward cessation or serious

“Particularly the paratrooper, panzer and S. S. elements” can be expected to keep fight-

United Mine Workers’ leadership in: Xs Pennsylvania cut production “hgain - Reds Now 71 aiitheast t

interruption in the production of steel.”

Steel Furnaces Down

Ickes said 13 blast furnaces of the U. 8. Steel Corp. have been shut down and that if production does not increase, 24 more are expected to be down by tomorrow noon. “The whole thing is very unfortunate,” he said. “I don’t think the country is going to be very patient with an interruption in the coal mines. “I think every miner and mining official ought to conduct himself like a patriotic American citizen and do his utmost to win the war.”

Doesn't Place Blame The secretary refused to place blame on either the operators or the miners for failure to reach an agreement, Ickes pointed out that the. war labor board must make a certification to the President and the President must then issue an order before Ickes can take over the mines. “I hope it will come through at onge,’ he said.

DULLES ACCEPTS BID

| ployees “are held to strict account-

TO SECURITY PARLEY

WASHINGTON, April 5 (U. P.).— The state department announced today that John Foster Dulles, foreign affairs adviser to Governor Thomas E. Dewey in last year's presidential campaign, has accepted an invitation to serve as an adviser to the American delegation at the San Francisco conference. The announcement was made by Acting Secretary of State Dean Acheson, Dulles last month rejected an invitation by Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg (R. Mich.), a member of the U. 8. delegation, to be his personal adviser.

a sudden stopping of fight- 1

L. Stimson meanwhile told

PEDDLE FAKE RATION POINTS

‘N. Y. Mobsters Rounded Up For Counterfeiting.

NEW YORK, April 5 (U. P.).— Daniel P. Woolley, OPA regional administrator, disclosed today that “a gang of mobsters” from New York's east side had been rounded up for peddling counterfeit red ration points “on a large scale” in New York and Boston. Woolley made his announcement after Senator Burton K. Wheeler (D. Mont.) had charged ‘in Washington that red points “obtained from the OPA" were being sold at $6 per thousand in New York. Woolley denied that any red points were trickling from OPA offices, and said that “what has apparently reached the senator is a garbled version of the drive the OPA has made and is continuing” against red point counterfeiting. He said 37 persons, mainly butchers and peddlers already had been referred -to the U.S. attorney's office for prosecution for possession or distribution of false meat ration points, and that 100 cases were being investigated. » Woolley satd that the OPA had instituted a “new and practically fool-proof” system to handle red points. The system centers around

a mailing center, surrounded “by all|

sorts of safeguards,” and all em-

ing” with “periodic auditing,” he said.

327,000 MURDERED LONDON, April 5 (U. P.).—~The ‘Moscow radio said today that an official investigation of German crimes in Latvia disclosed that more than 327,000 citizens were killed intentionally by the Nazi occupation forces.

SPEED CAMERA STOLEN A Speed Graphic camera valued at $182 and two camera cases were stolen from H, Lieber & Co. 24 W. Washington st. last might, Manager Jack Godfrey reported.

Hoosier Heroes: Three Local

Three more Indianapolis infantrymen have been killed in Germany liaccording to today’s casualty lists. Eleven servicemen have been wounded, including two. brothers, and three are German prisoners. KILLED .

Cpl. Clayton .Guffey, 954 Somerset ave, in Germany. Pfc. Kemeth Ralph Robinson, 834 8. Meridian st., in Germany.

~ Pvt. Joseph L. Ward, New Al

gusta, in Germany. ~% «WOUNDED Seaman l-c Walter “A. Bireley, 1116 N. Capitol ave, in the Pacific.

Pvt. Herbert Bireley, 1116 N, Capitol, in Italy. Pvt. Richard L. BEisenmenger, 2015 Haflan st, in Germany. 8.°8gt. Robert Jennings, 563 ‘N. Belmont ave, on Luzon, . First Lt. Leland H. King, 1954 Central ave. ‘on Bataan, . . Sgt. Raymond Evans, 1002 S. unt st., in the.Philippines. .T. Sgt. Willard J. Lantis, 1427 Woodlawn ave, at Corregidor.

Pvt. David Leon Marshall, 2643}

s. Lyons st., on Luzon. - Capt. William R. Johnson, 5275

N. Capitol ave, 3 Martie, |

Foreffn Minister Molotov of Russia, °

Final Blow fo Nazis May Come on the Italian Front

By RICHARD MOWRER, Times Foreign Correspondent. ROME, April 5—With ‘the German forces crumbling in the west

LONDON, April 5

(U. P.).—Russia today denounced

her neutrality pact with Japan in an action believed to foreshadow her ultimate entry into the Pacific war, Announcement ofgthe action came a few hours after the fall of the Japanese government of Premier Gen. Kuniaki Koiso, presumably upon the receipt of word in Tokyo. from Moscow of the Russian action. Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov announced the Soviet action to Japanese Ambassador Naotaki Sato in Moscow. As a result of the Soviet action, the Russo-Japanese five-year neutrality pact” automatically expires at mid-

night April 24, 1946.

‘Molotov Heaps More Trouble on Floundering Japs

and the anticipated Russian- spting

may well be on the Italian front:

AREAS BEFORE REDS AND YANKS BOMBED

LONDON, April 5 (U. P). — Lt. Gen. James H. Doolittle hurled more than 1800 warplanes at. airfields, rail yards, supply dumps and other targets in the Munich-Nuernberg area of southern Germany today. Upward of 1200 U. .S. 8th air force heavy bombers and 600 fighters swarmed over Bavaria to strike crushing blows in support of American troops advancing from the west and the Red army's drive from the southeast. Well over 1000 British bombers last night attacked the sources of oil for the German war machine, Doolittle’s planes hit German ordnance depots at Ingolstadt, 40 miles northeast of Munich, and Grafenwohr, 40 northeast of Nuerenberg; rail targets ‘at Nuernberg, Bayreuth and Plauen, and air fields at Unterschlauersback, southwest of Nuernberg, Lancaster and Halifax heavy bombers last night hit the Lutzkendorf and Leuna oil plants in the Merseburg area and the Rhenania oil refinery at Harburg, across from Hamburg.

BOY, SHOT IN CHEST, DIES IN HOSPITAL

Edward Morales, 14, who was shot accidentally by his brother Monday in his home, 812 Harrison st., died today in City hospital. The youth was watching his brother, John Morales, 25, unload an automatic pistol in the bedroom of the home when the gun went off.

The bullet hit him in the chest.

Soldiers Killed

Pfc.. John A. Drake, Drive, Woodruff Place, in Germany. Pfc. Harry I. Carson Jr, 3301 E. 36th st. in Germany, 3

PRISONERS

Pvt. James A. Enzor, 3959 Carrollton ave, of Germany. Pvt. Walter L. Westall, 1107 Mickley ave, of Germany. oe Pvt, Ollie P. Limp, 3145 N. Meridian st, of Germany, . = on 8.

(Details, Page 19)

east, the allies’ final victory over the German’ Wehrmacht -in the asa =

Evidently, it is now too late for the German forces in Italy to be shifted to other fronts. The blasting of routes through the Alps by the

872 East: dissatisfied over the conference fail-

Morris Fan Rresides Safety for your Savings! Open Morris Pian. 110 Savings ina Sowa}

oil u

‘Ex-Premier Gen. Kuniaki Koish, ~~.

offensive believed. imminent in the

allied air forces and the Red army's outflanking sweep to Vienna have] made such a transfer virtually impossible. Furthermore, the destruction of enemy oil production and communications has steadily slowed down the mobility of the German armies. On the Italian front the Germans have 26 divisions, some - of them crack units still pretty well up to strength—such as the 1st and 4th paratroop divisions of the 26th panzers. Fascist Italian divisions with the [oo

Germans are not considered an ims]

portant factor in estimating Naz military strength. If the Nazis’ last stand is in the Alps and at Berchtesgaden, it is conceivable that the 10th and 14th German armies in. Italy will continue to hold" Italy, since their mobility is seriously restricted and events on other fronts are mov ing faster than’ they can.

Reports 5th Army

Launches Attack

LONDON, “April 5 (U. P.) ~The German DNB news agency said the American 5th army launched a new attack in the Ligurian coastal sector of northwestern Italy early today after a “drumfire” artillery barrage. DNB said 5th army formations attacked about 6 a.m. after several hours of artillery preparation, The agency reported that the British were moving up large reinforcements, ‘suggesting a twopronged offensive was shaping up.

SYRIAN PREMIER QUITS IN CRISIS

BEIRUT, April 5 (U.P) ~The Syrian government resigned yesterday as a result of a crisis over foreign policy. Premier Fares El Khoury resigned after undergoing stiff questioning in parliament regarding a Cairo conference of Arabian states. One section of parliament was

ure to recognize the aims of a “greater Syria” in which Transjordan, Palestine and Lebanon might ‘be incorporated.

[traveled at

The Soviet action immediately opened grounds for speculation upon Soviet entering the Pacific war and moving into action her powerful Far Eastern Red banner

army which has stood guard

at the frontiers of Siberia

and Manchuria since long before the outbreak of the

European war.

Molotov’s actiomy was announced by

Radio Moscow,

The foreign minister advised Sato, the account said,

that since the pact was signed

on April 13, 1941, the world

situation had changed considerably.

Germany, he noted, had

attacked the Soviet union

(Continued on Page: 5-Column 1)

PREMIER KOINO

AND CABINET IN

JAPAN

RESIGN

Hirohito Told Situation Invasion Climax

Is ‘Grave’ as Okinawa es Disaster to

Second Wartime Regime.

By PHIL AULT United Press Staff Correspondent

LONDON, April 5.—Premier Gen. Kuniaki Koiso and the entire Japanese cabinet, powerless to halt the American advance on their homeland, resigned today with a frank admission that Japan's plight had become grave. Japan's second wartime cabinet fell only four days after American invasion forces stormed ashore on Okinawa island,

(OKINAWA JAPS SLOW U. S, ARMY,

ISHowowH — ior "Naha ¥ Is Developing.

By UNITED PRESS + The showdown battle of southern Okinawa and the Japanese island bastion’s capital city of Naha: appeared to be shaping up or already mounting to full fury today. = «Field Jeporta, said. auddenly stil fened resistance had slowed the 10th army’s advance on Okinawa to a snail's pace. The Japanese were fighting hard from well prepared positions—per- | haps the lines on which they chose! to undertake a stand—a little more than four miles north of Naha. Both American and Japanese tanks were jockeying for positions. Major Tank Battle A front dispatch reported the!

possibility of a major tank battle, | the first of the war in the Pacific, on the plain between Naha and Kaniku. Ci In oye sector a Japanese tank tration already had stalled the American push temporarily. A United Press correspondent on the scene said the American were relying heavily on tanks now, since

(Continued on Page 5—Column 3)

FROSTY WEATHER

IS DUE TOMORROW

LOCAL TEMPERATURES

Sam... 34 0am... 38 BBM 33 Mam..... 40 3a m..... 35 12 (Noon) 40 9a. m....3 pim..... 40

Heavy frost and colder weather is in store for Indianapolis today and tomorrow, Accompanied by 42- mile- -an-hour winds, temperatures dipped from 69 degrees at 10:45 a. m. yesterday to| 33 at 7 a. m. today. Wind gusts] 56. miles an hour through city streets and over highways. The spring cold wave also was accompanied by snow flurries which fell -late last night. According to the weather maps, it's to be clear and colder today and tonight with heavy frost tomorrow morning. Increasing cloudiness and rising temperatures are promised

-to-—-rally

330 miles southwest of the enemy's home islands, against almost non-existent opposiion. The Japanese board of informa: tion announced that the resignae tions were decided upon. “in view of the gravity of the yar situation and in order to bring &: more pow- ERE erful cabinet” into office. The decision was taken at an emergency cabinet session at 9:50 a. m. (Tokyo time), the Tokyo radio said. Koiso proceeded to the ime perial palace and presented the resignation “en bloc” to Emperor Hirohito at 10:30 a. m, Sufuki Recommended The Japanese radio said that

Adm. Baron . Kantaro Suzuki, 177,

president of the privy council, had been recommended as Koiso's suce cessor. Hirohito ordered Suzuki to form a new cabinet. Suzuki became president of thes

{privy couneil last August when the

incumbent, Yoshimichi Hara, died. He is a younger brother of Gen, Takao Suzuki, chief priest of the Hasukini shrine. An 1888 graduate of the na academy, he was vice minister the navy in 1914. At varipus times he had been commandant of the Kure naval station, comméinger-ine chief of the Japanese combined fleet, arid war councillor.

Okinawa Final Straw

The Koiso cabinet went into ofe fice eight and a half months ago after the overthrow of the extremist government of Gen. Hideki Tojo in a political crisis touched off by the loss of Saipan in the Marianas, Koiso's ministers, mostly cone servative elder army, navy and business leaders, had been expected the Japanese people and armed forces for new exertions to stem the allied niarch toward Japan. But instead disaster followed disaster, The cabinet weathered the furor caused by the Superfortress offensive against Japan, the ine vasion of the Philippines and even

{the loss of Iwo island, only 750

miles south Tokyo, to American marines last month. The successful invasion of Okinawa was the final straw, however. Koiso, like Tojo, was a product of the ruthless Kwangtung army in Manchuria, though perhaps slightly more moderate than his predecessor. Should another army or navy man (Suzuki is from the navy) be chosen to succeed Koiso, Far Eastern ob= servers looked for a final frantic effort to prepare Japan to repel the ultimate allied invasion of the Homeland itself.

An all-civilian cabinet, however,

for tomorrow with showers and warmer Saturday.

WORLD AFFAIRS «+ . By

Balkan Nations

WASHINGTON, April 5—As a

consequences of the behavior of the

30 YEARS IN PRISON FOR. CARLINE ROMEO

SAN FRANCISCO, April 5 (U. P.) ~Francis Van Wie, 58-year-old street car conductor, ex-lion tamer and husband of 13 wives, was sentenced today to” 30 years | in San

Big Three are already catalogued \by- united nations observers here.

cles—the United States and Great Britain—has been shaken to its foundations . Second, the moral prestige of these two ‘powers has suffered a tetrific blow all over the world,

pth gran. fio

Nospapually sp Burope.

(Continued on Page 5--Column 6)

William Philip-Simms-

Think Russia

'‘Compromises’ U. S., Britain

There are 45 countries in the

prelude to San Francisco, two tragic united nations.” Thus there are 40' middle and little nations in the

organization as against the big five,

| First, the faith of the middie and|And in the long run, no association small nations in the great democra- of natioris can continue unless the

if 3ve Geib Wii Ana Hold (HS Cbs dence of the little 40. » Rightly or wrongly, almost all the nations are now convinced t Russia has: entered