Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 March 1945 — Page 1

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: ) FORECAST: Local show erg’ Sotlay; clearing tonight; fair tomorrow; con sider ably cooler tonight and tomorrow.

VOLUME 56—NUMBER 6

TIMES EXCLUSIVES , . . By Our Own Writers

A Weekly Sizeup by the Washington

Staff of the Scripps-Howard

Newspapers

WASHINGTON, March 17.—When the European war

is over, here's what will h 3,250,000 men in our armies Nearly half a million wi

appen to the approximately there— Il be held to police the terri-

tory assigned to the United States, Southern Germany. A few thousand will be sent direct to the Pacific war. These will be airport engineers; technicians of various “types, some hospital units, others whose skills are urgent-

ly needed there.

The rest will return to the states for furloughs (30-

day furloughs is the best gue

Then théir units will be re-grouped,

$8).

their equipment repaired,

their clothing changed-and restoged. After that they will be sent to

the Pacific war, n o ”

8 td 8

ANY ESTIMATE of the number of men to be discharged at the

end of the European war is a guess now. Estimates that it will be as high as 40

to be about 5 to 10 per cent. per cent are 'way off base,

The best estimate seems

Bear in mind that the percentage to be discharged must be ap-

plied equally to those in the Pacific war

The discharge system will

be on a point rating basis called the “adjusted service rating card.” These four factors will be scored on that card: Number of months

Jounin on Page PeColumy) nH

\ March Allied Bomb Sears

—119,877 Bo

By WILLIAM H. STONEMAN,

LONDON, March 17. —Continuing the most fantastic all-out air war

mbs in 15 Days

Times Foreign Correspondent

in history, allied air forces in Europe dropped 119,877 tons of bombs on German-occupied Europe during the first 15 days and nights of March.

This, total for six weeks to 245,000 tons.

added to the 125,000 tons dropped in February, raised the

The total for the whole war_now

is about 1,250,000 tans: The totals of the various allied air forces, where

figures are available, for the first 15 days of March are: The U. 8S. 8th air force flew 14,875 bomber sorties, 7968 fighter sorties, dropped 37,060 tons of bombs and operated 13 days out of the 15, The U. 8. 15th air force, operating from Italy, flew 7045 bomber sorties, 3357 fighter sorties, dropped 13,043 tons of bombs and operated 10 out of 15 days, its fighters 12 out of 15. The U. 8. 9th air force, operating up and down the Western front from French bases, flew. 19,426 sorties of all kinds, dropped 3441 tons from fighter-bombers and 9812 from its medium ang light bonggers -—a grand total of 13,253 tons, The U. 8. 1st tactical air force, a | separate command operating in|. support of Lt. Gen. Alexander M.| Patch'st 7th army, was in the air 12 days out of the 15, flew..6985 sOtties and dropped 3363 tons of bombs. -Together with the R.A. F. bomber command, but not counting the activity of British tactical air forces, we have had no less than 69,800 aircraft leave Baropestt runways to

Berlin 1 for 24

attack the Germans~ “during this half month.

Maintaining the series of mighty

day ‘and night assaults it delivered |

during February, the R. A. PF. bomber command built up this fearsome record of mass attack: High-speed Mosquitoes attacked nights in a row and had dropepd nearly 16,000 - tons— including 569 of the 4000-pounders. About 1450 sorties were flown, an average of €0 per night. Its great four-motored bombers staged eight night 8fd 12 day raids OR-GBINARY, aiming at some 36 individual targets. The “heavies” flew 10,144 sorties and dropped the fantastic total of! 41,6389 tons of bombs {American (lons). Thus the R. A. F.s Lancasters and-Halifaxes averaged more than

four tons of bombs per plane per|

raid, The R. A. F's operations included two raids by 1108 and 1079

(Continued ry Page 2—Column 4) | 5

Wrecked Industry Biggest.

oR

Problem Facing es

By HENRY J. ‘TAYLOR, Scripps-Howard Special Writer

RHINE BRIDGEHEAD, March

17.—The first question involved in

what to do with Germany is the question of what to do with its smashed

industry. In more than 50 German cities ages and classes.

I have talked with civilians of all

They sat sullenly in evacuee farmhouses, in shells

of former houses or stores, in the rubble of former factories.

These people will rebuild individual things piece by piece, for the recovery of dndividuals in regard to their own smal property is great, But the stability of Germany as a whole depends on a great network of production, That network has been demolished, . When you cross the boundary in Belgium, Luxembourg or France, this “new” Germany. begins to unfold within the first few hundred yards. There isn't a power. line standing. Every generating plant and factory you see is twisted. Great dynamos and establishments of heavy machinery has been crushed. Every waterworks, gas plant, sanitary system, mine, refinery, tunnel or railway yard from one community to the next presents a challenge of major reconstruction. Local skill and local materials can scarcely fouch the job, !

than may generally be suspected. Our earlier bombings merely laid a base for the present degree of destruction. Then came our low level air blasting, our on-the-spot ground attacks and our artillery fire. Germany herself added to the demolition with her own scorched- earth program, Towns were killed. They lle dead today in the debris of what could have been their own productivity. German losses, enormous already, will multiply 10-fold in the promised, last-ditch stand of the Nazis across the land, even through such centers as Berlin, Munich and Viénna. Germany is fighting on her inventory and on remnants of her contracting industrial structure, Hitler is wildly tossing to the wind Germany's scant remaining seeds of stability. This havoc will change the whole outlook for rebuilding central Europe when the

In Indpis..

If Germany had quit as late as last year she could have saved

much more of her internal property s

World i in Better Shape Now To Prevent War Than in '19

By HAL O'’FLAHERTY, Times News Analyst

THE GREAT DEBATE on the Dumbarton Oaks proposals for a world security organization has produced at least 30 clear-cut suggestions for changes that might be an improvement over the original plan. They range from a change in the name of the new league to a change in the whole structure. But after all the suggestions are sifted, the one real issue is the vote by which the security council declares war on an aggressor nation. The compromise, suggested by evelt and accepted by Churchill nd Stalin, is not wholly satisfac-

end comes.

(Copyright, 1045, by Scripps-Howard Newepapers)

TIMES INDEX

Amusements .. 4 Ruth Millett., 7T|tory to the liberal minds of the Budrow’s. Col.. 4| Movies ....... ..4| English-speaking’ peoples or to the ‘Churches .....10| Fred Perkins .. 7|smaller nations. Comics ....... 9 Erie Pyle..... 7| “The voting plan whereby the Crossword .... 9/ Radio ........ . 9|great powers are able to veto any y Editorials ..... 6] Mrs. Roosevelt. 7/move to prevent a war of .their . Peter Edson... 6) Wm. P: Simms. 6 own making gives them an advan-

“es ha 3 Tom Stok.» 6

+ 7] Too Willarss + 8

Forum. ose«-+ S| SPobte tage refused to the smaller mem-

bers. Therefore, the nations rep-

SHORTAGE OF NEAT GETTING WORSE IN CITY,

Little Prospect for More Beef and Pork Seen - Until Next Fall.

BY SHERLEY UHL

Indianapolis is now in the throes of the worst meat shortage in its long marketing career and supply conditions won't be eased until late fall, the war food administration here said today.

Perry Richey of the state WFA distribution office said the local beef and pork pool probably will grow even smaller this summer. Reason for the tie-up in a nutshell, says Mr. Richey, is that military and lend-lease demands are constantly increasing, while «the farm meat production is steadily ‘decreasing. Lowest Ebb in 21 Years In the nation last week the market was down 3 per cent of what it was the week before, with an even gloomier picture in prospect. It was 23 per cent less than what it

_1was during the corresponding week

one vear ago, WFA figures show. Edgar Rugenstein, president of the Marion County Food Dealers association, said the meat supply here is at its lowest ebb in the 21 years he's-been connected with the business. He also asserted that black marketeers are taking advantage of the shortage to broaden their "operations. He said that more and more dealers are being enticed into the practice of purchasing from illegitimate channels. Half Diverted to Military Mr. Rugenstein also revealed that during the past week here butchers have received no pork at all from government-inspected packers. Already, he said, some shops are shortening® their hours and remaining closed whole days at a time. His picture tallied with that painted by Howard C. Greer, vice president and general manager of | Kingan & Co. Mr. Greer said that more than 50 per cent of the total meat produced in the nation is “Being diverted to military or lengd-lease consumption. Both ‘he and S. R. Richardson, sales manager of Armour & Co. | here, agreed that hog receipts on the local market had registered a record drop so far this year. Beef is holding up fairly well, as far as the number of cattle is concerned, but is slimmer when the final dressed product is taken into consideration. The cattle are skinnier.

Substitutes Popular

Mr. 'Rugenstein said fish and other substitutes are selling like

‘|added that even domestic rabbit is| becoming’ popular. Seo: popular, in fact,” “thad « he dealers. can't get enough to satisfy the demand. Authorities here indicated that some meat dealers. are resorting to habitual purchases directly from farmers or from small non-in-spected packing plants. This fis especially true in smaller Indiana towns where conditions are not as acute as they are in Indianapolis, they added. Factors underlying curtailed hog production in Indiana last year, leading to the’ present pork shortare, are manly and complex, an AAA official explained: Farmers Disgruntled

He believed, however, that farmers simply reduced their output, disgruntled by last’ year's events when a plentitude of hogs caused some buyers to undercut WFA support prices. This source said farmers through« out the state were “disgusted with the treatment they received at the markets last year when they carted in all the hogs that were needed.” He said farmers were charging some buyers with offering at that time, to “take oversupplies off their hands at prices below those established by government agencies.”

TREES FELLED IN HEAVY RAINSTORM

Streets Flooded, Live Wires! Imperil Drivers. LOCAL TEMPERATURES

6a.m.....04 10a.m..... 68 7am +63 1la.m..... 0 8a.m..... 64. 12 (Noon)., 72 Sa. m..... 66 p/m... 4

Accompanied by thunder and lightning, the first heavy rainstorm

shortly after midnight today. Trees were blown over,- blocking streets. Live wires imperiled night motorists. Dozens of buyglar alarms were short circuited. Streets were flooded by nearly half an inch ‘of rain recorded at the weather bureau. The showers were expected to continue today, following by clearing weather tonight with a drop in temperature. The deluge followed summer temperatures yesterday in which the

‘hot-cakes any day of the week. Hel.

of spring struck hard at.Indianapolis|”

SATURDAY, MARCH 17, 1945

Sn

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice Indianapolis, 9, Ind: Issued daily except Sunday

PATTON'S ARMY ENTERS COBLENZ, CAPTURE BY NIGHTFALL EXPECTED

STEEP EP PRICES

Doing Thriving Be Business on, “Basketball Tickets,

TODAY'S GAMES

1:30 p. m.—Broad Ripple vs. Evans- | ville Bosse,

2:30 p. m.—Huntington vs. South

Bend Riley. { 8:00 p. m.—Winner of first game vs. winner of second] game,

Despite. all efforts of basketball tourney officials to keep ticket sales legitimate, scalpers were doing a thriving business in downtown Indianapolis this morning. Basketball-hungry fans, who “took a chance” and showed up without a ducat, were scurrying around looking for a probably “mythical” man who had eight tickets. On every tongue were the words) “Understand he’s willing” to sell all of ’em Tor $110.” No one apparently found this year’s Hoosier Hoopla “will-o-the-wisp.” ‘5 Plus a Quart’ In one instance a chubby, perspiring man slipped a ticket to an out-of -towner. Twelve dollars slipped back in exchange. In another, $5 and a quart of scotch scored. One ticket-searcher said to another with a gasp, “I just heard of a fellow who paid 40 bucks for a seat.” Meanwhile adults and bobbysoxers mingled in hotel dining rooms over late breakfasts. Talk was thick and fast and all about basketball Out-of-staters, mostly salesmen, looked on in amazement at this bubbling crowd scheduled for mass hysteria as the finals opened.

Replica of Cologne Cathedral Here in

The great Cathedral of Cologne? It's right here in downtown Indianapolis, . , . St. Mary's Catholic church, at Vermont and New = sts, is a replica, to the last detail, of the famous German church.

After the Famous 29mm Church.

y EMMA RIVERS MILNER Times Church Editor ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC

church, Vermont and - New ~Jer= sey sts, comes into..new significance now as a replica in miniature of the cathedral of Cologne. The church, with its pointed

arches and mammoth stained glass windows, lifts twin steeples skyward in near downtown Indianapolis. Since it was built in 1912, the church has been admired as a specimen of Gothic architecture and one of the city’s art treasures. ” » ” THE CATHEDRAL after which it was modeled ‘now stands alone in Cologne, a monument to Christian faith, amid ruin and destruction. 5 4 » St. Mary's was designed by Hermann Gaul, a native of Cologne and former resident’ of Indianapolis. Mr, Gaul drew the plans as an expression of appreciation to the Rev. Fr. Anthony Scheideler who had befriended him. Father Sheideler was the pastor of “old St. Mary's.” n EJ » INTO the drawing Architect Gaul naturally put the beauty and form of the cathedral he had loved in his native city. Stained glass windows depicting the chief episodes in the.life of Christ almost. fill the sidewalls of St. Mary's. These were ime ported from Munich, and the altars were thought to have come from Germany, also:

"FDR MARRIED 40° YEARS

WASHINGTON, March 17 (U.

P.) —President and Mrs. Roosevelt}

observed their 40th wedding “anniversary today with a family luncheon in the White House.

Grant county farmers breathed easier today in the wake of an order by state selective ' service headquarters holding up induction of young farmhands for ’ 15-day period. ‘A committee selected to veprosant 300 farmers in the vicinity of Marion, large canning center, met last night with Col. . Robinson Htichcock, state draft director. - “We told him things were tough,” ’ Blinn,

ermometer went 10 81 at 3 p. m. said

Delay Farmhand Draft in Grant County for 15 Days

was mighty tense especially regarding the canning situation.” After a long conference, Col. Hitchcock told the committee that induction of 26-year-olds or under would be held up 15 days in Grant county only: to permit cases of those who had been transferred from 2-C (farm deferments) to 1-A to be reconsidered, possibly to bé fevlasiiee, The plight of Grant county farmers in similar to that in other farts

| ——

St. NY: Is Patterned

SCALPERS GET

City

|

|

6 AREDEAD: 12 WORE WOUNDED

Two Reported ited Missing Tow, Are Prisoners.

Today's casualty list records the names of three Indianapolis servicemen killed in the war against Japan, and another three killed | on the German front. In addition, the first local navy man has been wounded at Iwo Jima and 11 others | were injured in all theaters of | combat.” Two previously reported missing are prisoners. KILLED

Pvt. Robert T. Munsell, 18th ave.,, Beech Grove, in Manila. T. Sgt. Leo G. Lamar, New Augusta, in Germany. Pvt. Robert Mitchell, Riverside dr, in Gérmany.

ar

325 N.

1825 E.

(Continued ‘on Page 3—Column 2)

INO CASUALTIES

Nearly Half of It of Marines Are Killed or Wounded.

GUAM, March 171 (U P.)— Forty-five per cent of the marines who conquered Iwo were killed or! wounded in the 26-day campaign casualty figures in the bloodiest] battle of the Pacific war indicated today. Pacific = fleet headquarters . said | casualties totaled 19,939—768 a day or one every two minutes—among g| three marine divisions, normally ut 45,000 men, e toll comprised 4189 dead, 15,303 wounded and 441 missing in action against an estimated 21,000 Japanese killed. Still more marines and Japanese yet may die. The last. organized enemy resistance was smashed at 6 p. m, yesterday. But scattered dis-

(Continued on Page 2—Column-6)

PAPER POLLS SENATE ON SECURITY SESSION

NEW YORK, March 17 (U. P.) — The newspaper PM said today it had polled the United States senate and had found only 49 sepaters who would’ say uneguivocally that they

| would vote for.United States entry

into a world security conference. Sixty-four votes, a two-thirds

RUSSIAN ARMY

| have brought staggering dividends.’

'| Kobe, Japan's principal port,

majority, would be 1 for

“FINAL HOME

PRICE FIVE CENTS

City Already Neotr lized With Yanks

Cleaning Up Isolated Pockets:

100,000 Nazis Face Trap.

By BRUCE W. MUNN United Press Staff Correspondent PARIS, March 17.—American 3d army troops entered Coblenz today and the capture of the historic Rhine city was expected by nightfall, A dispatch from United Press War Correspondent Robert Richards inside Coblenz said American tanks and field

| guns were massed outside the city and pouring a barrage lover the heads of the advancing infantrymen,

Doughboys of the 87th infantry division made the breakthrough into Coblenz and were pushing slowly toward the heart of the city. - First accounts indicated that only a doomed Nazi rear | guard had been left behind to delay the American advance TT ~~ "jinto the city and cover the fdemolition of the Hermann {Goering bridge spanning the Rhine. Mop Up Isolated Units

SPEEDS DRIVE Richards said the 87th’s riflemen

Were mopping up isolated German

units holed up in buildings and be= Storming ost a of German hind street barricades inside Coe

blenz. Toeholds on Oder. The weakness of the remaining LONDON, March 17

(U. P.).— German forces in the city was Marshal Zhukov's forces stormed Pointed up by a Yank infantry into Altdamm today,

: German) {colonel who told Richards: ast Germ “You can say we captured Cobtoehold on the east bank of the | \lenz at 7 lower Oder,

a. m. today.” By that he and opened fire on! meant the city, once a keystone of Stettin, big Baltic port across the| the German Rhine defenses, had river from Altdamm. | been effectively neutralized and its Moscow. and Berlin reports told SOmieTels Scamp Was ogly & mah of mounting action everywhere on The storming of Coblenz cothe Eastern front between be- | lincided with a lightning dash by leaguered Koenigsberg, capital of other 3d army columns through the East Prussia, and the Lake Bala- Rhine valley to the south. ton area of Hungary. | Berlin said the Americans had Moscow dispatches said there was) broken across the Nahe river near reason to expect word of significant! Bad Kreuznach, transport hub at developments soon from the! the backdoor to the outflanked Saar blacked-out Berlin front between basin, and threatened te trap the

w—————

+Kuestrin and the Silesian battle. | 100,000 or ,s0 German troops

fields. in a tightening pincers by the

Artillery Massed. American 3d and 7th armies. Soviet. reports said Zhukov. was| Supreme headquarters said the storming Altdamm and had massed | transport ‘network branching out an “extraordinary” concentration of | from Bad Krueznach, 37, miles artillery in the Stettin sector “pre- scuth of Coblenz, was being chopped paratory to another of those clas-| up.

sic breakthroughs which hither ol Expand Bridgehead

. In the Remagen bridgehead, Berlin reported - that the Redo nuwhile, the German high come army opened a viglent new offen- | io nq reported that ~ American sive over a wide front in Western troops had captured Koenighwint= Hungary. Nazi broadcasts said it! er, big Rhineside town 7% miles was aimed at forcing the Germans... of Remagen, giving them a east of Lake Balaton to regroup. |soliq' anchor for the northern end Ernst von. Hammer, Nazi radio] {of the steadily expanding pocket. commentator, said that on the The Nazis were gloomy over the blood-drenched battlefield west ofl swift pace of events in the RhineOppeln in Silesia the struggle|jang A Transocean correspondent “seems. to be approaching a. 100- { reported: : . ment of supteine rites? “During ‘the last 24 houts events He ‘said extremely strong armored | have taken place on the Western forces were locked in crucial] | front amounting »to an American fighting. - | success which cannot be belittled. Another big battle in southern |in the south, a mobile battle is in Silesia north of Ratibor was re- | full swing since the U. S. 3d army ported by Von Hammer to have proke across the Nahe near Bad gathered new ferocity. Kreuznach.” Far to the northeast, other battles | A German military spolestzin appeared to be in their decisive | {said Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower phases at Koenigsberg, Danzig, had thrown 15 armored and 25 ine Gdynia and smaller German pockets | |fantry divisions into the offensive along the Baltic coast. | between Cologne and the Karlsruhe The fall of Danzig and Gdynia, corner. the Soviets said, will release Patch’s Forces Advance formidable forces for the Be Maj. Gen. Hugh Gaffey’s rame ing assault along the lower Oder. * paging 4th armored division ! paced the 3d army flanking. drive IRISH ON PARADE into the Saar-Palatinate corner of NEW YORK, March 17 (U. P.) —| Germany, with a spurt from Sime A million persons were out today to|mern to the Nahe: valley half way watch some 50,000 sons and daugh- | from Coblenz td Ludwigshafen. ters of Eri march up Fifth ave. in| Some 45 miles south of Nahe the traditional St. Patrick's day parade.

| (Continued on Page }—Column 3)

PLAGED AT AT 19,938 12 Sq. Miles of Kobe Afire

After Raid by Superforts

five-square-mile target area,” Maj. United Press Staft Correspondent Gen, Curtis Le May, commander of GUAM, March 17.—At lea 12/the 21st bomber command ane square miles of docks, war factories | nounced: 4 : and other buildings in the heart of | “Near this area, an additional were | three square miles were aflame.” a flaming inferno today after the (A few hours after the Kobe rald, biggest B-29 raid of the war. {a medium force of B-29's from Ine Fires visible more than 100 miles | dia struck at military storage areas lat sea swept through the infamma- | in Rangoon, Burma. It was the ble fifth largest city in Japan. More! fourth Superfortress raid on Rane than 2500 tons of incendiary bombs goon, one .of the largest military were dropped by well over 300 Super-| centers in Japanese- -held territory. fortresses in the pre-dawn raid. An’ aircraft. factory and a locos “Nine solid square miles of Kobe| motive plant in southwest Kobe re burning or in ashes in and imBy ately surrounding the - (Continued un Page 3=Column 3

On the War Fronts

casualties set at 4189 dead, 15,308 wounded and 441 missing in-cone quering Iwo and killing 31,000 " Japanese; American thrusts split Japanese forces on eastern Luzon,

AIR WAR. — Big formations of American heavy bombers sweep over Germany after R. A, F, rald« ers blast two transport centers ‘and hit Berlin for 25th straight night. ’

ITALY—PFirst armored division of ‘Sth i sronahold town a

By E. G. VALENS

“(MARCH 17, 1945) 9 WESTERN FRONT-Third army storms outskirts of Coblenz; Berlin reports American tank column racing south in attempt to _ trap 100,000 Germans in Saar valley. EASTERN FRONT—Soviet tanks reach Altdamm suburb .of Stettin in drive to eliminate last German pocket on east bank .of lower PACIFIC—B-29

raid eaves 1