Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 December 1944 — Page 10

‘The Indianapolis Times

"PAGE 10 Monday, December 18, 1944

MARK FERREE Business Manager

WALTER LECKRONE Editor

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Give Light and the Peopie Will Fina Thelr Own Way " v »

THE CHURCHILL-STALIN DEAL ; RIME, MINISTER CHURCHILL'S announcement that he has agreed to turn over Eastern Poland to Russia, {espite, Polish protests, is more than a betrayal of the country for which Britain went to war. It isolates Churchill policy from the United States and ther united nations pledged, as Britain is pledged, to the Atlantic Charter. 1t violates not one but three of Churchill’s, and Stalin's, obligations under the Atlantic Charter, which states: “First, their countries seek no aggrandizement, territorial or other; second, they desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned; third, they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live, and they wish to see sovereign rights and self-government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them.” The deal also violates the British-Russian-Chinese-American pact, as reported by Secretary of State Hull to congress: “There will no longer be need for spheres of influence, for alliances, for balance of power or any other of the special arrangements through which, in the unhappy past, the nations strove to safeguard their security or to protect their interests.” Moreover this deal violates the allied “agreement to postpone until after victory all boundary questions which :annot be “settled by friendly conference and agreement,” to quote Secretary Hull. : Also it violates the allied understanding that the smaller nations: would share big power decisions, as explained by Secretary Hull last Easter: “Nor do I suggest that any conclusions of these four nations can or should be without the participation of the other united nations.” And it invites another world war.

ER inion ceria Tree TSE HE ES "

. . ” ” » . MR. CHURCHILL in defending himself against British opposition, hinted that President Roosevelt was a secret partner to this deal: “The President is aware of everything that has passed ...all I can say is that I have received no formal disagreement during all these long months upon the way in which the future of Poland . . . 18 being shaped.” The charge that the President was a secret party to the Churchill-Stalin deal has been made many times in this - country, but officially denied by him and the secretary of state. In his foreign policy campaign address of Oct. 21 the President said: “After my return from Tehran, I stated officially that no secret commitments had béen made. The issue then is... . my veracity ...” He added that, under the constitution, he could not commit this nation to any secret agreement. The secretary of state earlier declared: “As the President has said, neither he nor 1 have made or will make any secret agreement or commitment.” Mr. Churchill complained that the President has not defined America’s Polish policy publicly. There have been many White House and state department. statements reaffirming the Atlantic Charter, and repeated Roosevelt offers of “good services” to Poland and Russia to settle the dispute by agreement. Secretary Stettinius has recently warned against big power interference with the internal affairs of other nations. And Mr. Stettinius has reaffirmed traditional American policy against “guaranteeing specific frontiers in Europe,” though Mr. Churchill says the allies will guarantee his new Polish boundaries. Speaking in behalf of the administration on Pulaski day two months ago, Senator Robert Wagner (D. N. Y.) said: “The complete independence of Poland—the complete restoration and protection of its boundaries reflecting the history and aspirations of the Polish people—is one of the things for which we are fighting this war, . . . I know that this has always been the aim and intent of the administration of Franklin Roosevelt.”

» » » » » - WE REGRET that Mr. Churchill values his ImperialistCommunist bargain with Stalin more than he values the Atlantic Charter, or co-operation with America for a just and workable peace, or allied unity. The American congress and people never will support that betrayal—of that Mr. Churchill should be sure. But neither will the American government or people permit this grave provocation to split the military alliance for Germany's unconditional defeat. That is something the Nazis should know in the midst of their rejoicing over this * allied tragedy.

THEY WON'T BE TOO HUNGRY F all the controversies in Washington, the one on which we are most ruggedly neutral is over whether the chicken-a-la-king inaugural lunch is to be paid for out of the inaugural expense fund or from Mrs. Roosevelt's household budget. Either way, the invited guests will. eat at the taxpayers’ expense. And whatever pocket the money is taken from, the luncheon list will have to be exclusive if the President's overall limit of $2000 for inaugural expenditures is observed. ~The President has ordered a simple ceremony. He ~ will step out onto the White House back porch to be sworn in and prayed over, and ‘to deliver his fourth inaugural ad«dress, The 5000 lucky enough to get invitations to that | ceremony presumably will stand around in the back yard ~~ to watch and listen. ; The question naturally arises: Why feed any part of this multitude of high officials, diplomats, justices, congress‘men and members of the Democratic national committee and the One Thousand club? It is not likely that many of mn will be desperately hungry. ~ Anyway, the White House y can fan out over the city to

Q ‘ . being- centrally located, Testaurants, hotel dining

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REFLECTIONS—

Some Life Left By James Thrasher

DR. EARNEST A. HOOTON of Harvard is a distinguished anthropologist. His books» which include “Twilight of Man” and “Why Men Behave Like Apes, and Vice Versa"-=are full of pungent and provocative thought. So are some of his statements, like his. recent one on war. It appears that Dr, Hooton disapproves of war. But it is certain that he disapproves of middie age even more. And he would take care of both by bringing home our young fighting men and letting them raise families while thé men over 45 carry ‘on the fightand presumably kill themselves off, Tl ; “We might as well have our coronary thrombosis on the battlefield as on the golf course,” says the eminent doctor, who incidentally is 57. Dr. Hooton is no alone when he deplores war's waste of youthful lifé and talent and promise. And few will quarrel with his implication *that, after 45 the ‘average man is no biological prize package. But his utter contempt of man’s later years, which is going to send a lot of over-45ers, dashing to re-read Browning's “Rabbi Ben Ezra” for comfort, seems overly severe,

Some Sound Argument on His Side

THE DOCTOR argues thus: Most men at 45 have completed their families and the greater part of their life's work. They've had about enough of their families, and vice versa. They might as well be satisfied to pay for past benefits and happiness By spending the rest of their years In service with the present and post-war armies. Food, shelter and plenty of cigarets (try and get em, doe) should be ample recompense. Dr. Hooton has some sound argument on his side. Some of history's brightest pages were written by youngsters. The steamboat, cotton gin, electric light, telephone, airplane, phonograph, and magnetic and wireless telegraphy, fo name a handful of historic inventions, were the work of young men. And the world of the arts ‘offers hundreds of examples of youthful masterpieces.

More Valuable Than Cannon Fodder

BUT IT IS ALSO evident that sbme men have done their best work whén, according to Dr. Hooton, they should have been total washouts. Washington's greatness was just becoming apparent at 45. The versatile Franklin became a great statesman in his seventies. Lincoln .was 52 when ge came to the White House, . Or, in our own day, there is Franklin Roosevelt,’ who became President ‘at 51, and Churchill, made prime minister when he was past 65. But there is no need to go on. It would take a week to make up even a fairly representative list of contemporaries who, at 45-plus, are considerably more valuable than cannon fodder. Perhaps it might be well, also, to mention a plan now being worked on by a group of aging men which would settle Dr. Hooton'’s cannon-fodder controversy by doing away with war entirely.

WORLD AFFAIRS—

Andther Collin Nail

By William Philip Simms

WASHINGTON, Dec. 18 — Prime Minister Churchill's Mu-nich-like treatment of Poland drove another nail in the coffin of Dumbarton Oaks. . And if President Roosevelt, at the British statesman’s invitation, adds his o: k to the sell-out, American participation in the proposed post-war organization will almost certainly be doomed. Even if the President refuses, the chances now are that the senate will not ratify a world collaboration treaty without reservations. For it is almost inconceivable that a two-thirds majority can be found to pledge this country to send its sons to fight and die in defense of this fourth and most cynical partition of Poland. Every American instinct and traditfon is against it. So is the Atlantic Charter. Only last meénth, in response to a Polish plea, the state department reaffirmed this country's “traditional policy of not guaranteeing specific frontiers in Europe.” Yet that is precisely what it would be doing if, without reservation, the senate bound the United States to uphold the impending status quo. For the Stalin-Churchill boundaries of Poland are now almost certain to be part of the post-war settlement.

We Must Remain United

TO SMASH ‘Germany and parce] her out if necessary, is an allied war aim. She must be rendered incapable of starting another war. And the united nations can do it—provided they remain united and make her stay put. But if the Big Three are going to partition all Europe, some of our allies included, they will split the allies, make enemies of those who are now our friends and pave the way for a new and inevitable explosion, For the senate to underwrite a peac8 based on the betrayal of allies, would be to underwrite a third world war as soon as war-weary «peoples could launch. it. The irony of the Churchil] position is that if Britain had done in 1939 what she is doing now, almost certainly there would have been no war. It was known that Hitler would not then willingly fight' a war on two fronts, so Britain and France sought to enlist Russia in their “peace bloc.” Russia's price was a free hand in Eastern Europe --against Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Poland and other areas—and the British and French honorably said no. “We cannot give,” they said in effect, “what is not ours to give.” But Hitler, more generous with other peoples’ property, said yes and the war was on.

All Our Principles Are at Stake

ON SEPT. 1 the Germans crossed the Polish frontier from the west. A fortnight later, the Russians invaded Poland from the east. And when they met at the pre-arranged line, they drew up a formal

half, They wiped Poland from the map.

is fighting is at stake. Poland was to be the test. Yet, to be perfectly fair to Mr. Churchill, he seems to be { which he must do or else—and the, “else” is an alternative which even his stout dare: not contemplate. 3 No wonder he suggests if ever there was a time when a meeting of the Big Three was needed, this is it. If they can't make it, then their foreign Ministers should be deputized at once to subgtitute for them. Most certainly the present situation is demonstrablf hurting the war effort. The Germans and the Japs are seeking to ifiake it a lifesaver. They are telling their hard-pressed troops that if they will only hold out a little longer, the allies will gb to pieces from within, : : This means increasingly

longer war and a mounting

stubborn resistance, a toll of allied dead.

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treaty dividing the country between them. Each took |

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The Hoosier Forum

1 wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire. 5 ’

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“WE BELONG TO THE FUTURE"®

By Mrs. Carroll Collins, York st.

To all the union labor baiters: 1 want to quote two small pgragraphs from “A Tree Grows in Brooklyn” to the people who disugree with our American way of life, yes, even to the strikes of labor. What if these foreign people were still in the old country to bear arms against our sons? They came here and have ever marveled at the justice and freedom of the American workers, all of which has been brought about through the efforts and fights of union labor, not only through the job but by laws as well to protect the human rights of children and adults.’ Now I quote from the book mentioned the words of Mary Rommely, “There is here what is not in the old country. In spite of hard unfamiliar things, there is here hope. In the old country a man can be no more than his father, providing he works hard. . . In the old country a man is given to the past. Here he belongs to the future. In this land he may be what he will, if he has the good heart and the way of working honestly at the right things. “For thousands of years, our people have been poor peasants working the land of others. This was in the old country. Here we do better with our hands in the factory. There is a part of each day that does not belong to the master but which the worker owns himself. That is good.” If it had not been for union labor we, too, would have been living in the past without hope, Our time or lives would not belong to us; ves, here in America we belong to the future and in the next decade you will see union labor fighting the battles of men of all races, creeds and color. ” ” » “FLOODS MAY BECOME THING OF THE PAST” By Bert Wilheml, 2106 8. Emerson ave. For the affer-the-war planning, [ would like to make the following suggestions for the state of Indiana: Flood prevention, raising the water level in Indiana, creatipg game and fish preserves, as well as

1402 E. New

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words, Letters must be signed. Opinions set forth here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsi. bility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)

all be solved by adopting the following program. When the good Lord created Indiana He willed that the rain fall where it was most needed. Shrubbery and vegetation released it gradually into the valleys and floods were few. However, if there was an overabundance of water flowing down the valley, nature took care of that by creating the beaver. The beaver surveyed the water-shed and built dams at intervals along the streams to hold the water near where it fell. The beaver never undertook to build a sea wall nor an artificial lake to catch the water

stock in dry seasons, small overshot wheels and ordinary tank pumps would irrigate gardens as well as deliver water to several pastures. The water level in Indiana has sunk some 11 feet in the last 25 years. The method spoken of would bring the water back to its original height in a few years, increase m@@sture caused by evaporation, and these ponds would cause additional” rainfall during the heat pf the summer, and relieve us of our annual dry periods when our crops need rain the most. The work of creating these dams should be superintended by capable engineers. That would insure a lasting job. Gravel is always available along streams, cement is not expensive materials, At a nominal cost of $500 per unit, 2000 dams could be created at a cost of a million dollars. That would go to labor over a widespread territory. If Indiana

thing of the past.

newsprint from Canada. made recently by Tribune finds that it will take 150 years to replace the cut-over forests that are being denuded for that purpose. I have grown cottonwood along my stream large enough to make pulp wood in 10 years. It will

after the damage was done. He caught the water where it was easiest to control.

We must follow the plan adopted by the beaver. We know the annual rainfall of Indiana, and by getting the area of the water shed we can work out a plan to build low head dams at intervals along our Hoosier streams, eventually controlling the water over the entire state, and as this plan would cover the entire state it would distribute jobs in every community. Property owners would co-operate in return for a fee for fishing in the ponds created in this manner and could receive a small fee for closing the gates ‘when needed. These small ponds would place good fishing in every community. We also, in Indiana, sell a milliop dollars worth of fur each year. These ponds would in time double that catch; shore birds would stay with us in the spring; later, wood ducks would decide to become resident Hoosiers,

providing well-distributed jobs can

swimming and skating, water for

Side Glances=By Galbraith

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take just a Httle salesmanship and {some figures to interest the land {owners in the vicinity of these proposed ponds to set out a sizable area in cottonwood. The land owner no doubt would agree to allow hunters along these streams for a small fee as he had contracted with the fishermen. . We find that most every farm in Indiana is posted and the average hunter with only a few hours time has difficulty in finding a place to hunt or fish. If the proposed plan was adopted it ‘would bring hunting and fishing within easy distance of everyone. . ” ”

“DON'T CASH BONDS UNLESS NECESSARY” By Gordon Lucas, Indianapolis I took my little girl's war stamp book to the post office recently. While waiting for the bond to be made out, I was amazed at the shameful display of the lack of patriotism by the many recalcitrants cashing in their filled and partly filled stamp books. Young and old, they come to surrender {their stamp books for cash. | I wondered if these individuals | did not feel a twinge of their conscience, as they received the money for those little boks that might have brought peace and happiness a little sooner. Remember, it's one thing to buy stamps and bonds, and another thing to keep them. \ Some folks buy stamps and bonds with a grand flourish; and then | cash them in at the earliest pos|sible time. This practice actually costs our government for extra book work. So, please, consider twice before

lutely necessary. We must all buy more and more bonds, and keep them all to bring victory sooner.

DAILY THOUGHTS

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when compared with other building |

adopts this plan as a state policy, |» in a few years other states will 3 follow, and floods may become a |:

In conclusion, we will say that we | i bring all of the pulp wood for our! % A survey| 3 the . Chicago §

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\ POLITICAL SCENE—

By Robert Taylor

WASHINGTON, Dec. 18— Congress is about to take the first halting step toward increasing the effectiveness of the legislative ' pranch of the government in dealing with budget and executive agencies, . A restricted version of the Maloney-Monroney resolution to study congressional reorganization, approved by the senate last August and by the house Friday, goes back to the senate for concurrence in house amendments. It will create a bi-partisan committee of 12 senate and house members, whose grant of suthority will last only 17 days. They will need a similar authorization from the next congress, after Jan. 2, to continue their work. : Accordingly, the house rules committee struck out an authorization to spend as much as $10,000 on the

Rep. Cannon Only Opponent

THE HOUSE voted approval of the resolution after Rep. Mike Monroney (D. Okla.) co-sponsor of the measure, said, “It is time for the congress to strengthen itself so it can meet its obligations as a co-equal branch of the government.” Rep. Everett M. Dirksen (R. Ill) said, “We've investigated everyone from Prances Perkins to Sidney Hillman, but we haven't investigated ourselves.” Sole critic of the move—although he announced he would not vote against it—was Rep. Clarence Cannon (D. Mo.), chairman of the appropriations committee, which is one of the chief subjects of reorganization planning. A majority of the members are thoroughly satisfied with the procedure of congress, Mr. Cannon said, and if any changes are necessary, they have the means to-change it. “This congress, which in the last four years has. been under the greatest strain ever imposed on a body like this, has performed expeditiously and efficiently,” he told the house.

Critics Point to Expanded Budgets

SCRUTINY OF executive budgets is one of the chief points of the critics of the present organization of congress. They contend it is operating with a committee system largely devised in 1893, when the federal budget totaled only 340 million dollArs, and is almost powerless to review a budget totalling 78 billion dollars. “Today, congress allots funds for a business a hundred times bigger than General Motors, Ford and U. S. Steel all put together,” Mr. Monroney said. “It raises 45 billions through taxes that effect every business and every worker. “It administers an insurance program many hundred times larger than any of our great insurance firms and does a banking business that would make Wall Street look like a{country bank. It does this Job practically with a quill pen and an old-fashioned bookkeeper’'s ledger.” Mr. Monroney proposed three general lines of inquiry for the committee: Improvement of the efficiency of regular committees, improved research and information facilities for individual members of congress and better cooperation between the iegislative and executive branches. :

Be

IN WASHINGTON—

LaFollette’s View By Daniel M. Kidney

WASHINGTON, Dec. 18. — When Rep. Charles M. LaFollette, Evansville Republican, upheld his bill for a permanent Fair Employment Practice Committee in a recent Town Meeting debate, he said during the questioning that followed: ’ “Government makes property possible. Therefore government has the right to prevent, discrimination.” This view of government and property rights he modified somewhat in an interview elaborating the theory and pointing ouf that he meant that it is government that upholds and defends orderly ownership of property and can therefore insist on its social use. -- “Had ‘there been an FEPC provided through an act of congress there would have been no Philadelphia streetcar strike based on racial discrimination,” Mr. LaFollette maintained.

Elimination Must Depend on Education

“ELIMINATION of racial prejudice must depend upon education, but the government has the power to prevent discrimination in employment. It can be done, just as the national labor relations board has effectively carried out the right of workers to organize and bargain collectively through unions o their own choosing. “Unions are not government owned, nor need the government own the establishments where they insist on non-discrimination. “This means extending the democratic ethic into the field of economics where it was tao long ignored.” In building his case for the permanent FEPC, Mr. LaFollette launched into a philosophical and legal discussion of the matter. “The proposed legislation is demanded by the underlying ethic upon which our government is based,” he declared. “That ethic is this—that the individual is the most dignified person on earth; that, as such, he creates governments for his own purposes and since he creates them, it follows that they must be responsive to his highest aspirations. This proposition is inherent in the Mayflower compact, in the Declaration of Independence and in the Constitution of the United States, particularly in the ninth and 10th amendments,

Prejudices Must Be Outlawed

“SINCE MEN create governments in order to realize their full dignity, it must follow that it is the

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isting under them and wh are contrary to the ethics upon which those governments are founded. “From these premises it follows that when prejucolor of a

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