Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 December 1944 — Page 7

N, Dec. Pa getting in the Capitol again,

e selection of assistant sec~ in the state’

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senate rights

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SATURDAY; DEC. 9, 1004 :

U. 8. SUPERFORTRESS HEADQUARTERS, Saipan, Dec. 9.—The Japanese empire, secure for nearly three years behind the walls of its vast Pacific for. tress, will be laid bare by the Superfortress raids we are now mounting from Saipan. Furthermore our fliers undoubtedly received some unexpected help in’ Thursday's mighty earthquake, Japanese industry in Manchuria, Korea and Kyushu," the southernmost island of the homeland, has been under attack since June by Superforts based in China. Now, with Superforts flying out of Saipan as well-a mighty two-arm pincers has gone into operation. Further harassing the Japs is Gen, Douglas MacArthur's Philippine “invasion, which will provide a third arm for the pincers. From bases in the Philippines the third blade of our sword can cut off the Jap homeland from raw material sources in the Nips’ stolen empire without which they cannot continue the war,

The heavy earthquake in the Tokyo area on the third anniversary of the Pearl’ Harbor attack may well have added to the damage already caused by the Superforts. A temblor of such intensity wouid surely add to the demoralization of the Japanese war effort.

Industry Is Concentrated

AS STUDENTS of the Orient know, within the sprawling confines of greater Tokyo {s—erowded the greatest concentration of war industries to be found in any world capital. In an unknown number of Nakajima aircraft factories alone, an appreciable percentage of the entire Jap output of vital aircraft parts is manufactured, Close by Tokyo, are three other cities—~Yokohama, only 20 miles away, Kawasaki and the major naval base of Yokbsuka. In these four cities are concentrated shipbuilding yards, naval bases, petroleum refineries, electric power worlds, steel mills, factories for production of airplanes, railway rolling stock, electrical and precision instruments, gas masks, barrage balloons and machine tools. Many of these factories and yards are on the coast, where a tidal wave could do untold damage. We have heard much talk from the Tokyo radio of decentralization of. industry in anticipation of air raids. No doubt this has.been carried out to a certain

Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum

FRANK WILSON, our Cathedral high school agent, reports an “overheard” in the Russet cafeteria. A man and woman, evidently not acquainted, shared one of the small tables. As he passed, Frank heard the man commenting coldly: “Madam, that’s my ple you're eating.” . .. Arthur J. Mellott, judge of the U. 8. tax court in Washington, who has been holding hearings here on tax appeals, went to lunch the other day with an old Kansas friend, Frank D. Brown, international auditor for the Teamsters’ union, Both ordered turkey sandwiches. When they were served, the sandwiches were so big that neither man could eat more than half. “No “use to waste these,” said the judge. So he wrapped the two half sandwiches in a couple of paper napkins and set out looking for someone who hadn't eaten. He finally gave one to a blind newsie at Market and Tlinois and the other to a woman newsie at W. Market and the Circle. . . . Ed Brown, who runs the “Put and Take” radio quiz show, calls to tell us we're not as smart as we thought we were. He says they did NOT make a mistake last Sunday on the Constantinople question. They didn’t ask the name of the new capital of Turkey. Instead, he said, the question was: “The capital of Turkey formerly was known as Constantinople. What is its new name?” The answer, of course, is Istanbul—the new name of Constantinople. The new capital of Turkey, of course, is Ankara.

That Nocturnal Gloom :

OUR RECENT suggestion that someone seek funds © from the legislature in order to keep the Soldiers and Sailors’ monument lighted apparently wasn't such a new Idea as we thought. George Cafouros, editor

World of Science

EACH DECEMBER for many years now I have made it my custom to add my voice to those urging the purchase of the Christmas Seals offered for sale by the local branches of the XNauonal Tuberculosis - association. Because ofthe war, the situation is more ugent today than ever. We must think of tuberculosis both. as a. detriment to our war effort and as a hazard to the coming peace. I suppose that the reader, accustomed to daily bulletins from all parts of the world, is a little impatient with public healtn officials who require months to gather statistics upon a national basis. But it takes time to collect and analyze figures. An increase in the tuberculosis death rate took place in 21 states during 1943, figures now available show. The death rate from tuberculosis for the whole nation declined 3 per cent in 1943 over the rate in 1042 but in the 21 states mentioned, the increase was 5 per cent, -.

Rises in Industrial States

IT 18 SIGNIFICANT that the higher mortality ie particularly evident in the industrial states of northeastern and north central sections of the He The states included New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Illinois. This increase may portend a general wartime ard ‘post-war rise in the incidence of tuberculosis unless every effort is now made to bring the disease under

My Day

NEW YORK, Friday —I began the morning yesah Yer and then went out to do 4 little necessary shopping, arriving at the sale for the blind at 608 Fifth ave., which is one of the charity

. Terror to T okyo

(Ernie Pyle is on vacation, but will return to an assignment on the Pacific front in theinear future.)

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES . - Snacks for the WACs Before Trip to Des Moines

NO RETREAT, YET— Democrats Still Cling to State Jobs

By SHERLEY UHL State Democratic employees, thousands strong, haven't yet begun anything like a major retreat in the face’ of the oncoming Republican invasion. Clerks, dish-washers and depart. ment heads are standing ‘heir ground. Their theory perhaps is that - Republicans can't fire until they see the whites of their eyes after Jan. 8, That's when Governor. elect Gates takes office. One top-ranking G. O. P. spokesman, House Floor Leader Hobart Creighton, already has served notice that Republicans expect Democrats to play cricket, That is, to step down gracefully and voluntarily.

By William McGaffin

extent with the new war factories. It is a safe bet, however, that there has been little decentralization of this hub of prewar industry which shifted over to war manufacture. The reason is simple—it must remain in that general area to draw workers from the reservoir of more than $00,000,000 people living there. 'okyo's vulnerability is heightened by its narrow, congested streets and the paper construction of 90 per cent of its bulldings. . The Japs themselves, in a broadcast warning to the people, have admitted that Tokyo is a “fire trap.” Nor is Tokyo's desirability as a target decreaséd by the fact that it is a center for aviation, railway and shipping business as well as the country’s capital, containing all the government ministries and army general headquarters, One reason for this dangerous concentration of industry lies in the comparatively small size of Japan proper. Its 147147701 square miles of area constitutes a smaller mass than the state of California, The problem for the Japs is further complicated by broad belts of mountains which eat up so much territory that only one-sixth of the land is arable. In Japan each square mile must support 3000 persons,

Possibilities Are Enormous

THE POSSIBILITIES open to our two-arm aerial pincers are enormous. For example, we should be able to spoil the Japs’ tactics of relieving the strain on their disastrously limited shipping facilities by utilizing raw material sources closer to Japan proper where possible. The Japs smugly declare that they are working 70 per cent of the lush oil wells in the Dutch East Indies, Yet they are known to be falling back on low-grade oil from Manchuria because it can more easily and safely be brought home than the ‘Dutch oil, which must run the long, dangerous gantlet at sea. Before Japan helped itself to Pacific sources of supply it used to import 93 per cent of its aluminum, 95 per cent antimony, 65 per cent iron, 92 per cent lead, 70 per cent mica, 96 per cent mercury, 89 per cent nickel, 90 per cent oil, 96 per cent rubber, 84 per cent tin, 86 per cent wool and 82 per cent manganese. Not touching upon the contribution Adm, Chester W. Nimitz's navy has made to Jap attrition nor upon the effect of future amphibious operations, but only considering the forces being brought to bear against Japan from all sides and by all means, it is no wonder that men like Adm. William F. Halsey are beginning

§ a 8 Handwriting On Wall?

But if this was intended as handwriting on the wall, Democrats have done a remarkable job of turning their heads the other way. Behind this calm seems to be the feeling that:

G. O. P, patronage chiefs won't receive enough applications to fill all ‘state jobs, especialy the lowpaying ones, ‘The new broom won't.really begin to sweep until after the legislature meets in March. There's a tendency to believe that Mr. Gates will hold « back on jobs, considering them so many aces up his sléeve as one method of holding patron-age-hungry legislators in line. Of five principal state departments surveyed, only one, the gross income tax division, indicated any

iable desertion of wary to anticipate Jap pleas for a compromise peace. apprec Copyright, 1944, by The Indianapolis Times and The Democrats, Seventeen employees Chicago Daily News, Inc. have left, some of them skilled

accountants, 8 » ”

Staff Still Intact

But in other divisionis—highway, welfare, conservation and public service—staffs have remained virtually intact. 3 No engineers or deaftsmen have walked out of the gigantic highway department, Their “stick-to-itive-

of the Spotlight, the south side neighborhood paper, brings us clippings from newspapers back in 1913 to show that his father had similar ideas even in those days—31 years ago. A clipping from the Star, April, 1913, tells the story in what passed for “fine writing” in that day: “If the ‘dreams of P. L.|jess” is Cafouros, proprietor of the Devil's cafe, are realized, | fq) 2 Dramipied, sie gay of the nocturnal gloom that clusters and coagulates| careers of highway construction and about the skirts of Miss Indiana, in her lofty position | maintenance. on top of the Indiana Soldiers and Sailors’ monument.| mpc. “ : is soon to be dispelled by a brilliant light that will te iiae Ju radiate against the darkened sky like a beacon t0| pany jobholders are already kneethe shipwrecked saflor.” Whew. The story Went onigeen in careers carved out of the to tell that Mr. Cafouros went farther than Old Inside 12-year Democratic regime —HE gave $500 to light the monument. to commemo-! myere alse is much talk. of car. rate the arrival of a new addition to the Cafouros rying out one's “patriotic duty.” household. The newcomer was-named Aristocles— y,¢ means to play along until the later changed to George. Another story in.the News i, minute to help the Republicans a couple of weeks later reports that Mr. Cafouros’ get settled. offer was accepted by the monument’s board of regents. It adds that “Mr. Cafouros believes the Mopbinins prshauie ty ro. s figure (of Miss Indiana) should be given a .bath|i..; ico) and professional workers. before lights are placed.” They must have had gm, of these, pointed out one

pigeons even back in those days. Democratic official, “are quite un-

. ” , aware of such transitory things as Helpiig Hand Dept. elections.”

THE RED CROSS arts and skills corps has ap- ” pealed for the donation of a 4x6 joiner and a 14-inch band saw for the Billings hospital woodworking shop. Donors: Contact Mrs. Shirley Murphy, Li. 1441; R. H. Stone, 5603 Carrollton, now is teaching fly tying (for fishing) at the hospital, and we're told they need other instructors in fly tying, plus the materials with which to work. . . And one more: Marie Niebrugge of Gamma chapter, Epsilon Sigma Alpha, received a letter from friends in England asking several items, all of which she can manage except the Girl Scout manuals, She’s tried everywhere without success. Now she’s hoping some former Girl Scouts will contribute a couple of used manuals. Her number is WA. 3373 (home phone, TA, 8215).

By David Dietz “We realize perfectly that some

control, Dr. Kentiall Emerson, managing director of | RePpblicans can do things as well the National Tuberculosis association, warns. | 80. even though 1 may seem that Two theories are being advanced to explain the, o. "oc tio nl Ba a increased death rate in the industrial states, Dr. tossing out gh pose 8 Emerson says. One is that the long-feared war-|,.. oo “oS safe y ts. time rise in the disease is already a fact and showing( "°C CU wh ore p aot to itself first in the industrial centers. The other is) = 0 "0 . p can ood that the increase is only a result of the wartime 8 them out of office. shift of population to industrial centers. It is too early to say which view is correct, ace cording to Dr. Emerson,

nT,

= G.0.P. Move Awaited

Generally, the feeling is that Refpublicans should make the first move. This sentiment is noticeable even among department heads and board members. Only one department head, State Police Supt. Don Stiver, has announced his resignation so far. Most of the top Democratic state officers declared that they would be “quite willing” to stay on during the War emergency. But deep down inside, they aren't kidding themselves. As one rank-and-file conservation department employee put fit:

Irvington Lodge To Install Chiefs

IRVINGTON LODGE 666, F. & A.M, will install officers at 8 o'clock tonight in the Irvington temple, 5515 E. Washington st. Edward H. Holloway has bees) chosen worship- ” ; ful master. Other officers are J. Vance Garinger, senior warden; Harold

Increase in Kurope

WE DO KNOW, however, that the war has brought a tremendous increase in tuberculosis deaths in Europe. During the early vears of the war, Great Britain showed a 10 per cent increase while the situation has been worse in France, Beligum, Holland, Czechoslovakia and Poland, Dr. Emerson has called tuberculosis “a national disgrace.” He says that it is a “disease of the poor,” the result of poor housing, malnutrition, harmful occupations and nervous strain, It ranks seventh among the causes of death In W. Eves, junior peacetime America. Each year 40,000 young men warden: + Clinton and women between the ages of 15 and 45 die of it.| gp Mitchell, According to the Journal of the American Medical! "+ 0 asurer: Association the hospitalization alone of the victims| B1oomfield H. of the disease costs the United States ¥79,500.000 8! Moore, secreyear. ‘tary; Herbert A. The dollar or more you spend for Christmas seals| Newman, senior will be money well invested. For not only will it help to save lives but it will help to reduce this financial burden of caring for the victims of the disease.

Mr. Holloway deacon; George F. Switzer, junior

deacon; Willlam L. Plerpont, senior steward; Theodore Passen, Junior steward; the Rev. Mitchell 8. Marble, chaplain emeritus; the Rev. R. F. Keicher, chaplain, and Samuel G. Campbell, tyler, Past Master Roscoe C. Leavitt will preside with Past Master Ralph E. Guthrie acting as

By Eleanor Roosevelt

Thompson and 1 were meeting him to go to lunch marshal, ; at Sardis, tt en In the afternoon st 3 o'clock I went down to New PROMOTE FT. WAYNE MAN York university to speak at their Pearl Harbor cere- Robert Lister hestley, Pt.

monies. Chancellor Chase was also a speaker, and

‘gave a very fine talk Wayne, has been promoted to leu-

FOUR NEW Indianapolis WACs get a snack at the U. 8. O. canteen in Union station before boarding ‘the train for Ft. Des Moines, Ia., where they will take their six weeks’ basie training.

Indians has won top honors for

WAC recruiting in the fifth serv ice command for two ‘months running. The WACs are (left to right) Helen 8, Bresette, 1719 N. Illinois

st.; Mrs. Betty J. Barber, 1930 N. Delaware st, whose husband is, in the South Pacific; Mrs. Vir. ginia Query, 723 8. Randolph st, and Mary L. Skaggs, 1122 Chasies st.

HOME STRETCH— County and State

Near Same Point In War Bond Race

At completion of the third week in ‘the sixth war loan drive today, Marion county had subscribed to approximately 75 per cent of its quota, Although the drive ends officially next Saturday, bonds purchased through payroll deductions through Dec. 31 will count toward ihe cams paign totals. In Indiana, the total at the threequarter mark was $182,839,700, about per cent of the goal of $339,~ 000,000 . ” » n Standing of County ' *

The Marion county figures stood today at: Quota. $67,250,000; sales, $49,895,515. On Thursday, Pearl Harbor day, about half the bond sales were to individuals, said William H, Trimble, chairman of the Marion county war finance committee, Most of the purchases were made in theaters, banks and hotels.

Purchasers ofr extra bonds are

now receiving tickets to the $415,000

war bond show at Loew's theater next Wednesday night. The entertainment features the city premiere of Abbott and Costello in “Lost in a Harem,” and the music

.|of Sgt. Dick Shelton and his “Mu-

sical Gliders.” 2. 8 »

All Seats Reserved

Tickets received by bond buyers are exchangeable at Loew's theater for reserved seats, which are scaled from $25 to $1000 war bonds. Meanwhile, Clarence A. Jackson, chairman of the Chamber of Commerce national corporations divi sions, announced that the Baltimore & Ohio railroad has allocated $375,000 of its sixth war loan pur chases to Marion county.

White Christmas? Odds Are 1in 11

HOOSIERLAND has a white Christmas only once every 11 years.

That is but one of the facts to be found in the new book hy Dr. Stephen 8. Visher, professor of geography at Indiana university. The book is-titled “Climate of Indiana.”

In it he points out that the state's climate is comparatively conducive to human health and activity and is better favored than four-fifths of the earth, A fellow of the Royal and American Meteorological socleties, he has been studying Indiana climate for 25 years.

Fire Fighter Shops As His Home Burns

FIRE LT. ED WEBER missed a fire yesterday in which he had more than a professional interest. The fire was in his home at 6125 Indianola ave, Lt. Weber was downtown with Mrs. Weber doing Christmas shopping at the time of the blaze. The cause was not determined immediately. Damage, according to the fire officer, who is attached to station 32, was “at least several hundred dollars.”

WITHDRAW PETITION TO BUILD CHURCH

Zoning board officials today ane nounced that the petition for a variance to build a Catholic church and school on 57th (st. between Central ave. and Washington blvd. has been withdrawn. Meanwhile 57th st. property own= ers who have obfected to the proconstruction were to meet at

I came out, not only some of the young who had been at the meeting, but a whole troupe of youngsters between the ages of 6 and 10 were walting to walk the two blocks back to my

has announced. THE SPIRIT OF CHRISTMAS...

4 Re TS

tenant colonel, the war department | posed

3 p. m. Monday at city hall, «

NAVY LEAGUE—

Local Backers Of U. S. Fleet To Get Charter

Adm. Carpender Leo T. Dwyer An Indianapolis council of the Navy League of the U.8. will be chartered at a noon luncheon Tues-

day in the Indianapolis club.

Rear Adm. Arthur 8. Carpender, U.8.N, 9th naval district commandant, will speak. Leo T. Dwyer, state vice president of the national league, will preside. Officers will be elected. : The league is more than 40 years old, and is composed of patriotic civilian leaders. The aim is to protect the best interests of the nayy. About 60 businessmen, industrial and civic leaders will form the nucleus of the chapter, whose slogan will be, “If You Can't Join the Navy, Join the Navy League.” ” » ” Cited for Services Adm. Carpender was commander of the Bouthwest Pacific force and the allied naval forces there from Sept., 1942, to Dec., 1943, and was recognized for his services with the distinguished service medal and the legion of merit. Co-operating with Mr. Dwyer are Walter I. Hess, civilian office of naval officer procurement; Frank A. Hecht, league regional vice president, and H. T. East, both of Chicago; A. Kiefer Mayer, Willlam A. Hanely, C. Harvey Bradley, Hugh McK Landon, Lucius 8. French, William C. Griffith, Nicholas H. Noyes, Edwin 8. Pearce, G. Barrett Moxley, Charlés 8. Rauh, Governor Schricker, W. R. Sinclair, Sylvester Johnson, Irving Lemaux, F. T. Holliday, Otto N. Prenzl and Samuel B. Sutphin.

Athletic

ELECT OFFICERS

Election of officers will feature a meeting of the Maj. Harold C. Megrew auxiliary No. 3, United Spanish War Veterans at 8 p. m. Monday in Ft. Priendly. Mrs. Dora B, Love

will preside.

-elerks. The cross-current rulings

ITEM IN PROBE— Charge Emmert With Exceeding Election Powers

Local Democrats are charging Atty. Gen. James Emmert with hav ing exceeded his authority in instructing county clerks on election procedure.

This is a major allegation. lodged with the U, 8. senate staf! probing

charges here, it wag learned, Democratic complaints are the outgrowth of an involved tangle over’ conflicting opinions issued by Mr. Emmert and the Democraticdominated state election board on election day. » » ”

Emmert Disagrees The state election board declared that all challenged voters could qualify at the polls by signing afidavits of eligibility. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Emmert sent telegrams to county clerks ordering them to disregard the election board ruling. The attorney general asserted that challenged voters could become eligible only by obtaining “writs of error” from registration

threw the election day process into confusion in Marion county, Democratic officials here have complained that Mr, Emmert stepped entirely beyond his legal hounds. They contend that the attorney general's opinions have “no force or effect” other than as legal advice to state officials. But, they say the public, in the course of the election jumble, misinterpreted his opinion as “the law.”

. # . Lewis Comments

Democratic State Election Commissioner David Lewis pointed out that Mr. Emmert's ruling was given At the request of Edwin Steers, treasurer of the Marion county Republican committee, He said Democrats are questioning the “manner in which the opinion was solicited and distributed.” Mr. Lewis said the state election board based its own ruling on the fact that a 1043 legislative amendment authorized issuance of registration receipts for the first time. The intent of this law, he added, was “to see that all persons who actually registered had an opportunity to vote.” ” . »

“Anticipated Errors”

The election board approved voting by affidavit, he averred, only after County Clerk Jack Tilson himself anticipated “many registration errors.”

As things turned out, thousands of challenged voters stormed the courthouse for “writs of error.” When the crowd became unwieldly, County Clerk Tilson finally advised polling officers to accept affidavits from challenged citizens holding registration receipts. Queried on the Emmert vs. election board wrangle today, members of the senate investigative staff emphasized that they were a “factfinding” body and not a court of law. They conceded, however, that the matter of conflicting election and registration opinions probably would be a primary issue in the Dec. 18 senate sub -committtee hearing of election fraud charges. Mr. Emhmert had no comment.

HOLIDAY PARTY SET BY 0. E. S. CHAPTER

The 1026-27 past matrons of the Indianapolis chapter O. E. 8S. will hold their annual Christmas party Wednesday noon at 3142 Central ave. Mrs. Gertrude Anglin will be party hostess and Mrs. Hallie Pickhard and Mrs. Millie Gilmore are president and secretary, respectively, of the 1026-1927 past matrons,

By Laurens Rose Diehl

cent of. the military items, an:

state and county election fraudi

ing men,

" supply of troops but lacked arms’

Home Front ‘Must Meet Army Needs

By LUDW ELL DENNY ‘WASHINGTON, Dec, 9~0u grave munitions crisis has bei stressed repeatedly this week + Lt. Gen. Somervell, Unless more workers can b Kept in war plants and produc tion greatly increased, the general points out that a national service law will be the only alterna~ tive. <But even ° that would not solve the problem soon enough. The emergency is now, and the remedy must Er immediate. There are shortages in 40 p

27 per cent of them are rated : critical. In ammunition, for ir stance, the new schedule calls { 65 per cent more than previous! planned.

Other critical shortages inclu¢ heavy artillery, bomhs, tires, wir’ radar, batteries, heavy truck and certain textiles.

At once 312,000 additional wr workers must be found. TI labor turnover in war plants ar in shipyards is tremendous. Wa; must be devised to stop this. » . »

‘SOME Americans may wond how these munitions shortag: can-develop when industry alreac has produced 1,800,000 trucks, 68 000 tanks, 2,800,000 medium ar big guns, 15,000,000 machine gur and rifies, 43 billion rounds « ammunition, 43,400,000 bombs, ar 187,000 planes. There are two answers. One ° that American policy is. to uc more material rather tha: sacrifice more soldiers’ lives. Tk other. is the increased tempo « the war. : Aachen was a sample, Ot commander concentrated on heav howitzer fire and bombing. As tk general explains: “We save manpower by taking the tow: that way. We did not sav artillery shells. We didn't try to. SW. a NO imagination is needed 1 figure out how the expenditure e munitions saves lives of our fight

Remember what happened t.the Russians during the first twyears when they had such 3 larg

‘They lost 4,200,000 men in kille: and missing during that period. If we on the home front can ‘get going quickly, if we can't sen: Eisenhower, Clark and MacArthu the munitions they are pleadin: for, the casualties at the front: will mount and the war will dra; on without victory,

We, the ‘Wome Women Urged To Take Jobs

In Factories

By RUTH MILLETT A CHICAGO newspaper ree cently carried a story about the need of the baking and meat packing’ industries for unskilled women workers to help pack K and © rations, and pointed ous that here was a place where housewives could play an important ‘role in the war effort. Another news item of the same day said that women of one of the city's vounteer organizations had packed . tholle sands of Christmas bags and boxes for servicemen in hospitals, » » » ,

IT IS strange how hard it is: te sell women, who get real satise faction out of doing volunteer jobs, on the idea of taking on real jobs with definite hours for real pay. Perhaps it is because many women who are free to work . don’t want to work as hard as a real job requires. Perhaps some of them are ine fluenced by the social aspect of the situation, knowing they ‘add : to their social prestige when they vi pack fancy Christmas boxes on a volunteer, charming-matron 54 basis but might detract from it o if they went to work in a factory ie packing K or C rations. wo : *s = =»

MAYBE there are those, too, who take on the volunteer jobs for the “social contacts’ they make at their work—or on the chance of getting their pictures on the society page. But with so many of the coun~ try’s men volunteering for the ‘hard, realistic jobs of the war i§ doesn’t look very well for women who turn up their noses at the jobs/ that ‘are far more important to the war effort than any volun« teer work they could possibly dream up.

American women as a clase

SSE a RE

si