Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 August 1944 — Page 10
he Indianapolis Times AGE 10 Monday, August 21, 1944 iF
W. HOWARD MARZ FERREE
Business Manager
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WALTER LECKRONE Editor
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“of Circulations. EP RILEY 551
Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way
Fl
' THE HULL-DULLES CONFERENCES HE agreement of Secretary of State Hull and John Foster Dulles, Mr. Dewey's diplomatic adviser, to consult on foreign policy in general and on the. Dumbarton Oaks donference in particular is a sign of national unity. 1s welcome proof that the two parties during a political campaign can act together in the interests of America and of international security. Mr. Hull and Mr. Dewey ~geserve high praise for beginning this bipartisan relation ship on such a high level. Our allies—who do not always understand domestic polities in this country, and cannot be expected to do SO— should accept-this-as evidence that there are-no-basic party8 differences in American foreign policy today. The fact that ‘ the two party platform planks are similar, that senate passage of the Connally resolution, for international organ- - ization was by bipartisan vote, and that the Democratic ‘secretary of state and the Republican candidate's adviser are to pool ideas, demonstrates that a reversal of basic American policy in the event of Republican victory need “not be feared. °° oo See = » ” OF COURSE, there are differences of emphasis and detail among our parties and within each party here, as in -democracies abroad. It is only hy public discussion that a free people reaches national agreement. And, as our allies must know from even the faintest familiarity with our history, any Washington policy not representative of the ‘people’s judgment and will is invalid. "That is why American public discussion in the midst of an international conference and as part of a presidential political campaign is not only inevitable but desirable. As Dulles expresses it: “The only way in which a democracy makes up its mind, and makes up its mind in a way that sticks, is by having these issues debated and discussed . . ."this campaign, a recurrence once in four | years, is one of the great educational opportunities that | come to the American people.”
a . .
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- THE MACHINE AGE : BOUT 20 years ago a man named Karel Capek wrote a play called “R. U. R.” It was a fantasy, somewhat dis- | quieting but highly improbable, about a horde of robot workers that swarmed over the earth and destroyed the | - human race which had created them. “R. U. R.” never rivaled “Abie’s Irish Rose” or “Tobacco Road” in popularity. But the name robot, which Capek invented for his tireless, soulless, non-human workers, has stuck in our vocabulary. And now, alas, it begins to appear that Capek’s fantasy might not have been so fantastic at that. For instance, in New York City the other day a docile old local subway train suddenly felt the stirrings of revolt and took matters into its own hands. It whisked a load of bewildered humans back and forth from Brooklyn to ‘Manhattan, whipsawing from one route to another, pausing only to decide where to go next, disdaining to open its doors and let its passengers escape. Shortly afterward in the same city a driverless milk truck vaulted the curbstone and smashed up a restaurant.
" x o n ” » “ THEN A Bayonne, N. J., teacher claimed to have invented some sort of contrivance which will enable anybody to compose music. And now Harvard university has been presented with an amazing electrical device which, so far ~ as the limited mind can discover, will do any mathematical . problem under the sun—or beyond the sun, for that matter.
The machine age has become no joke. It was all right when man began devising more and more machines to relieve him of manual chores. IL was even all right when man started building machines to do his simple arithmetic for him—since man knew that he could still do it himself.
But this algebraic-electric brain at Ilarvard is some- .. thing else. The navy commander, Howard H. Aiken of Indianapolis,«who invented it and the International Business Machines Corp. people who built it, aren’t sure what it can do. They say it might go beyond the mathematical horizons that the cumulative genius of all human history has been able to glimpse. 2 un ” » o IF MEN keep on building machines of this scope, it's only a guestion of time until they come up with one which will discover, among other secrets of the universe, that the human race is irresponsible, inefficient, and thoroughly expendable. Then the machine age will really be here. Mankind will eventually disappear, unnoticed and unsung. Machines will turn out more machines, solve more problems —mnot really getting much of anywhere but just ticking along from force of habit, much in the manner of man who preceded them,
GERALD WEN
\T A-HUNTING ~SERALD L. K. SMITH wrote to Secretary Harold L. Ickes, as custodian of the national parks, that the American bison, or buffalo, had been designated as mascot of his new America First party, and that he would like to have one of Yellowstone park's buffaloes named “America First.” Then came the big wind. “We don’t play politics in or with our parks,” wrote Mr. Ickes, “and certainly we would not permit ther to be
-
”
a stigma as you suggest.” .
i
e error
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the excuse for a. demonstration staged for a rabble-rouser trying to add stature to himself by nominating himself as a candidate for President in the name of a fictitious party. 1 have never had any fancy for political charlatans or mountebanks . . . I don’t concur in- the idea that a perfectly decent and well-behaved. and well-brought-up buffalo should, without any option on his part, bear such
When Gerald goes hunting for buffalo again he. probof" soliciting help from the
Fair Enough By Westbrook’ Pegler
~NEW YORK, Aug. 21, — John ‘Edgar Hoover of the FBI has written a piece in which he splatters himself all over with newmown gardenias for the wonderful work his bureau did in holding in check any disagreeable intentions of the Japanese sples and saboteurs after Pearl Harbor. . Yeah, after Pearl Harbor. ~~ But what about before Pearl Harbor and up to 7:55 a. m. Honolulu time, Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941? I mention this because the Democratic party's presidential nominee has just visited Honolulu in the role of commander in chief, although the responsibil ity and blame for the disaster may yet be shown to belong in considerable part to him, and because here we find Hoover, a very good hand at praising his own works, taking bows right and left in acknowledgement of his own applause. i The two service officers, Adm. Kimmel and Gen.
.
v
the Roberts committee aren't allowed to say a word on their own behalf. That would be un a. That would prejudice their chances in the courtmartial yet to be held. :
"You Can Go Ahead and Guess’
WHAT SAYS the ‘Roberts report about the work of John Edgar Hoover before P. H.? Well, it says that up to an unspecified time the army intelligence looked after matters to army personnel and property and the navy did the same in its own particular field and in addition investigated
What the Roberts committee means by “enemy” activities at a time when he had no enemies you can go ahead and guess. While you are guessing, I am going to be thinking that it seems pretty peculiar that if we did have “enemies” at that time, the commander in chief didnt let Kimmel and Short in en the secret. All right, so on a certain date, not mentioned in the repory, the FBI established an’ office in Hawaii and adh ; a Roam far investigation of matters connected with the civil population.” There were, prior to Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese spies on’the island of Oahu,” the report says. “Some were
no open relations with the Japanese foreign service, These spies collected and, through various channels transmitted information to the Japanese: empire respecting the military and naval establishments and dispositions on the islands.” . Well, so the FBI made “efforts”. to uncover espionage but, because we were “at peace” in the com-
Short, who have been found guilty without trial by |
enemy activities amongst the civil _population. . . . eerste root gree
Japanese consular agents, and other persons having |.
John Knox in the Memphis Commeréial Appeal.
mittee’s words, with a nation which" it has just referred to as the enemy, the FBI couldn't resort to certain methods of “obtaining the content of mes-
sages transmitted by radio over the commercial lines between Oahu and Japan.”
‘Unable to Obtain Information’ |
The Hoosier Forum
1 wholly disagree ‘with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire. 6h -
YOU KNOW what the certain methods are: Tapping wires, copying down radiograms, prowling wastebaskets and bribing household help, delivery boys and all such as that. The kind of thing that the FBI ‘and all smart cops do all the time in routine police work among the civilians at home. “The bureau (FBI) and the local intelligence chiefs were unable, prior to Dec. 7, to obtain significant information respecting Japanese plans and fleet movements in the direction of Hawaii,” the report says. And there were 200 Jap consular agents; and the navy intelligence wondered if they shouldn't be pinched for failing to register as foreign agents. Gen. Short thought not, however, at least until they had been put on warning and given a chance to register. That looks pretty dumb of Short, but then you have to remember that such a roundup would have raised an awful row and that both he andKimmel had been ordered to do nothing that would cause unnecessary publicity and alarm. There is no statement as to whether the FBI was under similar orders of restraint, but anyway Short’s mere objections were not binding on the FBI. And the 200 spies were not molested. _ “The Japanese consul sent to, and received from Tokyo many messages on commercial radio circuits,” the report continues. “This activity greatly increased toward Dec. 7. The content of these messages might have furnished valuable information. “In view of the peaceful relations with Japan and consequent restrictions on the activities of the investigating agencies, they were unable, prior to Dec. 7, to obtain messages transmitted through commercial channels by the Japanese consul or by persons acting for him.” )
‘Who Put Restrictions on the FBI?'
WHO PUT those restrictions on the FBI, then? Well, Francis Biddle, the attorney general, is John Edgar Hoover's boss; and the only man with authority to give such orders to Biddle is President Roosevelt. - * Does this mean, and is anyone naive enough to believe, that we aren't watching the Argentines in Washington these days, or the Spaniards, even though we do enjoy “peaceful relatigns” with them? Maybe we aren't. After reading this portion of the Roberts thing you are willing to believe almost anything. , I guess you can't come right out and blame John Edgar for not tapping wires and grabbing those radio messages out of the air considering the “restrictions.” But if you had been the head cop, don't you think you might have had a social friend in the cable office who might gossip and blab a little over a bottle of beer at night? And wouldn't you have had some friend who was an amateur radio nut with an amusing habit of writing down what he heard going and coming between Japan and Honolulu?
We The People By Ruth Millett
¥ A QUESTIONNAIRE answered by 5000 alumni and foriner students of Columbia university who are now in the armed forces shows that only one-third of them plan to return to their pre-war jobs. It looks from that sampling as though a lot of servicemen have made up their minds either that there is something better for them in the post-war world, or that a lot of them’ have become so accustomed to change and an unsettled life that the security of going back to the old Job and the old routine doesn't look very enticing. Either way—the attitude of two-thirds of the men questioned by Columbia is something for service wives to think about. For if a great many men are guing to come home from war unwilling to settle down to the same old treadmili—wives had better not bank too sfiuch on their own men wanting to pick up their lives just where they left off.
Plans May Make a Big Difference
IF WIVES think abdut that problem now and prepare their minds for a change they'll be far better off than if they go on hoping that things will be exactly as they once were. Their husbands may have ‘ideas about getting
budget, pinching for the family, Or they may planning to pull up all roots and go to a new part of the country. Or they may be counting on trading the prospect’ of a -job for going into business for themselves, . > : : ;
further job training—which will mean a period of
Any one of those plans will make a big difference |
“ONLY ONE STEP FROM NEW ORDER”
By A Republicrat, Richmond . I can hardly believe my eyes, but
I do believe we have a little “house
painter” trying to get a.start right here in this country. If you don’t know what I mean, just refer to the Times of Aug. 14 to an article in the Forum entitled “What - Does ~ That Matter,” Robert L. Miller of Indianapolis. He calls the New Deal a holy cause. Can you imagine that—when it.is only one step from the Nazi New Order. He speaks of ruthless crushing and killing of anyone who disagrees, destroying the Constitution or anything else that gets in the way of keeping our Great Leader in for life. It might be that he means a cause full of holes for it sure had proved to be just that—with more leaks than a screen door. If someone before long does not start plugging up these holes in the holy cause, the old ship U. S. Freedom is sunk. I am afraid this man is in for one of the worst headaches this November he has ever had because
{the majority have at last awak-
ened—unless enough loafers, nonthinkers, foreigners, people living on. waste land—receiving checks for not producing—which would not produce anyway, and what else have you, can be mustered to voté the “right way.” Noté what he says about the Democrats who are not New Dealers. I would think this would be enough to make them boil. Who could be so dumb as to think Roosevelt is the cause of the spending spree we are on now? You will have to thank Old Adolf for this. I will let Mr. Johnson do the thanking. The New Deal was at its very best in 1934-35. How did you like it? I will take some 1928-32 any old day. No more paving the way for dictation for me.
” “NOT AT ALL SURPRISING” By Cate, Indianapolis.
I don't profess to know how closely these straw vote polls reflect ac-
8 -
Tc
by
(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded, Because of the volume received, letters should be limited to 250 words. Letters must be signed, Opinions. set forth “here are those of the writers, and publication in no way implies agreement with those opinions by The Times. The Times assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts and cannot enter correspondence regarding them.)
tual public opinion, although the one conducted by Elmo Roper for Fortune magazine has been remarkably accurate in the past. But, for whatever they are worth, there are some very interesting figures in the tabulation it made public last week. This poll clearly indicates that the younger the voter, and the less education he has, the more likely he is to vote for a fourth term for Mr. Roosevelt. By education groups, 62.1 per cent of straw voters who had never been .to school at all, including presumably those who are wholly illiterate, favor another term for the President. His following was less (60 per cent) among grade school graduates, still less (52 per cent) among high school graduates, and least of all (422 per cent), among college graduates. Equally significant is the result by age groups. Voters between the ages of 21 and 34 are heavily inclined toward at least one more term in office while older voters lean the other way, the proportion increasing with the age. That age grouping isn’t difficult to understand. The voter who is 21 now of course was only nine years old when Mr. Roosevelt first took office. The average voter in this 21 to 34 group was around 16. So far as their personal experience goes there has never been any other President, and to many of them it is unthinkable that there ever
should be another. Another four
Side Glances—By Galbraith
py ’
Tor family and when that happens a
won't ‘repeat th
has to kiss ty goodby and A get a tochold in his new career,
in a woman's life. For it will. mean starting over woman
ge term for Mr. Roosevelt would f i
education are better able to under‘Istand the issues involved, less likely
“liberalism”
_|followers among those classes is
ng to voting age eight million more new voters, all less than nine years old when he first became President—and at the same time eliminate several million older voters now predominantly opposed to him. Which, obviously, is enough to make a fifth term practically certain, and a sixth almost unanimous. Presumably the voters with more
to be influenced by slogans and emotional catchwords. Presumably they have more faciilties for keeping themselves informed on the intricate questions of foreign and domestic policy, for instance, than the voter who never has learned to réad, or at least not to read the passages with the hard words. Which may suggest to Republicans a need for explaining those issues in language anyone can understand, and in places where the right people will be listening. There is quite possibly another factor in this seeming preponderance of youth and the unerudite for continuing the same administration indefinitely, though. In general, the uneducated man is the true .conservative, reluctant to change, afraid of anything progressive or different. And to a large degree, and in spite of many an unthinking statement to the contrary, youth, also is a period of orthodoxy, of resistance to change. Here, then, is a national administration that has been with us a long time—as long, for many a young voter, as he can remember. It is an administration that, regardless of its own loud claims of and progressiveness, actually is basically reactionary, actually has copied all its so-called innovations out of political experiments that have been tried as far back as human history is recorded. Its essence is paternalism, which is the oldest form of government humans have known, the tribal or family organization with the wise old head of the clan to decide all questions, issue all orders, and protect from all evils. : Here is a political faith built to order for the ignorant, the timid, the juvenile. By no means all its followers belong in any of those classes, of course.’ But it is not at all surprising that a poll should indicate that the proportion of its
largest. -
“WHY NOT A. MEMORIAL TREE?”
By C. Stewart Peterson, ex-lieutenant AEF 1917-19 Philippines army, 1924-26, Why not adopt by state legislation a state memorial tree to the state’s own sons and daughters who died in the armed forces in our na. tion's wars?
» “WHAT IS THE TROUBLE?” By Mrs. R. G. 8., Indianapolis
I am a daily reader of your paper. I am also a taxpayer. What I would like'to know is what kind of policemen have we in this city? ‘They could not catch a cow if it was going down the street—much less robbers and murderers. There have been so many robberies and several murders in the last year—and they are never solved. What is the trouble? Can anyone tell?
DAILY THOUGHTS:
The Jaw of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul: The testi-
mony of the Lord is sure, making ! wise the simple.—Psalms 10:7.
One sole God: ;
~ |By James Thrasher. rl
WASHINGTON, Aug.
! ~“She took ft like the good she is,” her friends said of Mrs, Clare Huster McNair. . ; Mrs. McNair knew how to be . © a good soldier. She had a good soldier for a husband, Lt. Gen.
Lesley McNair, commander of the ° for a son, Col. Douglas McNair. Gen, McNair was killed in action
Other women have been good soldiers in this
‘war, too, though we hope that few have had to
sustain the loss of their whole family with such tragic swiftness. And it is not to discount the heaviness of any other woman’s loss to say that the Sourisy surely feels a particular sympathy for Mrs.
Gen. McNair Was Not That Kind
GENERALS are supposed to die In Lesley McNair was not that kind. He an invaluable job. The responsibility of American G. I. Joe the kind of soldier he was. Gen. McNair's, and he met it, But that not enough. Gen. McNair wanted action. He wounded in Tunisia, and went back for more.
happened “up front.” : : Co Mrs, Me¢Nairs friends say that she was most
had struck down the general with the éommon soldier, had made the general's wife one with the mothers of thousands of those soldiers in a common grief. The private knew that. He knew that the general's wife and: the colonel's mother feels as his
‘| own mother might, or the mother of his buddy.
Unprecedented, Repeated Tragedy
DEATH has never been more truly the great leveler than in this war. It takes not only the buck private and the three-star general, but the civilian in his home and on the street. No one 1s immune to grief. And death is close in London as
-} well as on the battle-front,
It is a war of unprecedented, repeated tragedy.
It hag shown the world unbelievable cruelty and
unsuspected bravery—so much of both that if the world will but remember, it can never be shown again,
In Washington By Peter Edson |
WASHINGTON, Aug. 21.—This “is the background for the preliminary American - British - Russian planning of an international organization to maintain world day at mbarton Oaks, Harvard university's Byzantine research center in Washington: Study of post-war problems in the U, 8. department of state actually began in 1939, as soon as war broke out in Europe and before this country was actually in the fighting. By June, 1942, Secretary Hull was able to give the first hint of conclusions reached in all this study when he declared, “It is plain that some international agency must be created which can—by force if necessary—keep the peace among nations in the future.” Hull repeated this determination to employ force and international co-operation to keep the peace in a speech delivered in September, 1943, two months before his Moscow conference with British, Russian and Chinese foreign ministers. What is perhaps not generally appreciated is that the Declaration of Moscow itself was first drafted in Washington and taken to the conference by. Secretary Hull for adeption almost without change.
Membership for All Peaceful Nations
THE IMPORTANT part of the Moscow declaration, bearing on the Dumbarton Oaks conference, is Clause 4 in which the four large nations jointly declare: “That they recognize the necessity of establishing at the earliest practicable date a general international organization, based on the sovereign equality of all peace-loving staies, and open to membership by all such states, large and small, for the maintenance of international peace and security.” oe : While the Dumbarton Oaks conferences will be be-
Russian governments, China joining later, Secretary Hull has taken great pains to make clear that any international peace organization agreed upon shall - consist of both large and small nations. Reporting to a joint session of congress after his return from Moscow, the secretary declared that “The principle o sovereign equality of all peace-loving states, irrespec tive of size and strength, as partners in a future system of general security, will be the foundation stone upon which the future international organization will be constructed.” on Representatives of the smaller nations have criticized the apparent domination by the larger powers and Secretary Hull in his April 8 address on U. 8. foreign policy sought to. overcome these suspicions by explaining that there could be no enduring peace unless the United States, Great Britain, Russia and China first agreed to act together. In other words, anything agreed on by the technical experts in the Dumbarton Oaks conference and later ratified by the four governments, will then be submitted to the more than 30 united nations, large and small, for full and
equal participation.
Both Legislative and Executive Backing
IN PREPARING the American proposals, Secretary Hull has been careful to see that they had the backing - of both the legislative and executive branches of the government, and that the legislative branch should approach the question as a non- issue. To remove the subject completely from politics, the U. 8. proposals were drawn up in conferences with eight senators of the foreign relations committee, four Democrats and four Republicans. Their work was completed ‘May 29, at which time Hull sent copies of the American plan to British, Russian and Chinese governments with invitations to attend the Dum-
| barton Oaks conferences in Washington.
On June 15 President Roosevelt gave the only official statement so far made public on the general nature of the American They include: An international organization of all peace-loving
g council, elected on nually, to include the four large nations and a able number of other nations. 3. An international court of justice. 4. Maintenance of adequate forces for joint action when necessary, to prevent future war. “ 1t is on this basis that the Dumbarton Oaks conferees will go to work.
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