Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 November 1943 — Page 13

dent, either as Franklin, Mr. Roosevelt, or the presi-

In si d o Indianapolis By Lowell N; ussbaum

fire alarm, but; fate always seemed against us. We never were in the right place at the right time—

i»

Site ci

ra See ET pel el

_ But the conversation wasn't all on_such matters. She spoke, of Querit Reynolds and his Brqadcast, and - _ of John Steinbeck, whom she has never mot but ad-

we were up at the Press club about 11:15 p. m. when 2 The

Jiegdff :. Eelfeeinint

MRS. ROOSEVELT spoke frequently of the presi- got up and said I appointments. So said goodby, and Mrs. Roosevelt took me back down in the elevator. : She sald this was the same elevator the Teddy Roosevelt kids used to ride their ponies up and down in, and that it had never been redecorated and you could still see the hoof scars on it, and indeed it was very old and scuffed up. We shook hands in the lobby, and I left with the feeling, that I had been talking to a woman who is unique, who is remarkable, and who is all good. Asa mut friend; said, you have a hard time to keep from loving her. T The colored butler héld my old army mackinaw, opened the door, and said a friendly goodby. At the front gate one of the policemen asked how soon I was going back overseas. After-that I walked off

dent. I was amazed at the candid way in which she ted what she had said to him about something, or t he had said to her. ; : {1so she spoke of letters she’d had from two of her sons overse telling some very frank things they'd said. I fe dually, comfortable, as though I were with ithout “side,” and who paid me the me. conversation was devoted to for the post-war period; "have jobs all ready for : how we must make ore liveable,

somebody

how important it was that the soldiers when they come factories more modern and ho

mires, EN In turn I told her a couple of little war stories. feeling light as a feather. . :

working on the pipes beneath the stage. He had to get beneath the stage via a trapdoor in the floor -backstage: -A- small table. was placed- oyer-the opened trapdoor, but someone turned out the backstage light That night ang Mrs. John D. Weich, Who. was helping with the props, stepped into: the open spade, She bumped her head and lost consciousness... The secident was discovered just as her husband—president of the Civic —got his cue to go on stage for the second.act. He had his cholce—hasten to the aid of his still unconscious wife, or follow the tradition of the stage, and go on. He followed tradition. Mrs. Welch was not. injured . seriously, he found when he got back oftstage. . . . Lucius French is on crutches. He broke a couple ‘of “hones in his foot. the.other day when he slipped and fell when he went out to.get the paper at his home at 6767 N. Meridian. He'll probably be on crutches for weeks, }

WE'VE ALWAYS HAD a secret desire to turn in a

‘never, that is,” until last Friday night. Loa... - someone. smelled. smoke, _ smoke was billowing up the back stairway. Karl Monninger, the night manager, started for the phone to call the fire department, but, being slightly more agile, we beat him to the phone. The voice “ at the other end of -the line-didn’t seein properly excited when we . reported the fire, so we looked at our watch as we hung up the receiver. We watched . the Sewond es and it was exactly 100 sec- _.° . ; . Sati gd 3 va io seconds. Tax Business Is Good

; “before the assistant chief ‘was coming in the front . Gu pERT K. HEWITT, ‘state gross income tax

as to work" He probably was-late... . . Harry .

* pecurred during the Sunday evening performance of

door and fire trucks were arriving from: all directions. * ir r, a a turmoil at the state office Yes HuTTy, CAlKiNS, "the “,m., cnace The only way he can get more space mayor's secretary, reports that police got a call the g. is gun department is by confiscating it from other day from a man who wanted a squad car sent gome other department. And you ought to hear the out on N. Pennsylvarila st. to help him get his car wg, of anguish. The governor named Otto Jensen, started. ‘ An officer told him police had more Im- Tyex james and C. Anderson Ketchum as a comportant things to-do and couldn't render such service. ysis to see what can be done about finding. more “But I'm a defense worker and if you don’t help, I'll space for gross income workers, and they've been ‘scratching their heads over the problem. for a couple of wleks. Present indications are that: the welfare department may have to “give” . . . Jim Diehm, who's 15 and lives at 3724 N, Denny, was waiting at Sherman dr. and E. 38th for a bus Sunday morning when he saw a sheep—maybe it was a ram—walk up to Hale's market, across the street, and look at his reflection in the polished glass block foundation. The animal didn't like the looks of the animal it saw reflected. So it-backed off and charged the glass. As soon as its head cleared, it butted the foundation again, and again; and again, It kept this up until it finally broke a hole in the glass block. Jim couldn’t see what it did to the animal's head.

also tells of a naive citizen who walked into the mayor's office and said he wanted a job driving a truck. “Who sent you?” inquired Harry. “No one,” the man replied. “Well,” parried Harry, “are you a Reptiblican?” “Heck no—I'm a Socialist,” the man ‘ said: "That doesn’t matter,” replied Harry. “There aren't any truck driving jobs open now, anyway.”

The Show Goes On =

‘ONE OF THOSE “show must go on” episodes

+*Philadelphia Story” at the Civic theater. There was trouble with the heating system and a plumber was

Washington

WASHINGTON, Nov. 16—Several arguments are made against food subsidies which seem to make “sense until you take a second look at them. ‘For. instance, some people write in saying that the food subsidies add to the public debt and thereSona fore only aggravate the danger of inflation, although the subsidies have saved the public and the .... government a large sum, probably billions. 4 :

By Raymond Clapper

the subsidy. But you have to take a second look to see that, i Another argument is persuasive at first” glance. It is that the subsidies are only loading on the public debt a charge that will have to be paid by the American soldiers when they return home.

apply it here. The public debt will be less in the Jong run by holding down prices, and by holding the line against inflation than if inflation is allowed to

The subsidies do add to the break loose because the government is such a heavy|

public debt. They run about $800, consumer. . : +. 000,000 a year—the cost of the war But there is also for - k happen if the subsidies were knocked out? You would not add that particular item to the ‘public debt. But you would add a larger item to the public debt later. = : a For if the food subsidies are knocked out, prices o up. James F. Byrnes, director of war mbbiliza“says the government cannot hold the little steel a unless food subsidies are continued. Thete would be a strong wave of wage increases. then all of your cost-plus-fee contracts would begin

Are Big 1 tem in Cost

another consideration. Families dependent, partially at least, on dependency allotments. Those are fixed amounts. Run up prices and by every cent of price increase you, in effect, cut down the allotment pay. by the same amount. You either subject families of soldiers

By Eleanor Roosevelt|

will control inflation, - That sounds very simple and

it is one way. to help, but no one way controls anydo not even

across Lafayette park alone, in the chill dusk air]

Much is owed electronics by the war effort. The science has speeded up war production b

lea

7 months and has saved thousands of fons of critical metals. Credit goes fo the miracle electronic tube, various industrial types of which are shown above. .Some tubes are small enough to fit in a thimble, others are taller than a man. a

a A —————i— - re

tric current was flowing trom the

around bumping into ‘each other

lamp filament to the newly added ‘and jarring loose their electrons,

to open, counts and sorts things, detects . pinholes in sheet metal,

plate,

“When knocked loose, the nega- sets off ‘burglar alarms and,

ho od fi Search for Miracle of > Light Bulb 60 Years Ago

The Gréeks knew.it; Ben Franklin‘came within an ace of revealing it; Thomas Edison put it to practical use—but it is still as new as tomorrow. We refer to “electronies”—the thing or substance or science (call it what you may) which may offer hundreds of thousands of jobs and a myriad of sales pyssibilities when the war ends, .. : This is the second of a series uf six articles telling of electronic "possibilities in the world of ‘Wipot cow... J A By DALE McFEATTERS a > Times Special Writer jis THIS YEAR is the 60th anniversary of the birth of the electronic tube—an event that was largely accidental. “-~“ Thomas A. Edison built it in 1883 while trying to prevent his incandescent light bulb from turning black. Yet the history of electronics goes back far beyond the “wizard of Menlo Park,” back to the ancient Greeks who rubbed sticks of amber and

bo,

« Take the point which I have just made and

made electricity. For electronics is the ex-

edge of electricity. +. It is the sum of scores of individual discoveries, “spaced. over hundreds of years. It is impossible to fix a time and say, “This is when electronics was discovered.” . Nor can you name a discoverer. ° While Edison devised the first electronic tube he was only haszily aware of its significance. Not -until 17 years later was the electron theory advanced. es -Ben Franklin came within an ace of revealing the magic of ‘electronics a couple of hundred years ago when he said: ~~~ “Electric matter consists of particles extremely . subtle since ft can permeate common matter, even the densest, with such freedoom and ease as not to receive any appreciable resistance.” . 8.» sr Sore BUT THOMAS EDISON generally is’ conceded to be the “father

of modern: electronics.” He was

the first to pass an electric cur--rent! through a vacuum tube. ° Edison in 1883 was disturbed by a blackening of his light bulb that persistently cut short its life. ‘His lamp was an airless glass

NOTRE DAME BOARD

ADDS TWO HOOSIERS

B. J. Voll, South Bend business and. civic leader, and I. A. O'Shaugh-

tension of man’s knowl

globe containing a carbon loop, or filament, one strand.of which carried positive electricity and the other negative, v Tests convinced the inventor that the black coating on his lamp was carbon, carried in some mysterious manner - from the carbon filament to the glass, Brooding over the problem, he observed that in most cases a narrow strip of glass remained relatively clear. This clean strip always’ was where one leg of the filament shielded the other, Then he noticed that the leg of the filament that apparently barred the path. of carbon par-

ticles to the glass always was the

one carrying positive electricity. From this he reasoned that -carbon particles were floating off the negative side of the filament,

-but that the particles moving

towards the positive leg collected there and went no farther. - » .

“Proves His Theory ~ BO IT occurred to him that by putting another positive filament in the bulb, or better yet, a

positively-charged = metal plate, the carbon would collect on the

He proved it by running a wire from the plate to a telegraph sounder and working the instru ment with current from the bulb, This was born.the daddy of the magic tubes that now open doors As you approach, - detect. ..buried

treasure deep in the earth, flash

voices and music through space at 186,000 miles a second, transmit pictures through the air— ~ ~ Measure the minute amount of electricity ‘in- the human heart,

_..cause smokestacks to cease belch- - AIG BMOKe. FUATY homey and fut:

tories with invisible light beams. r ® 8 =n New Developments CONTROL elevators in office

: buildings, sort and count cigars,

detect pinholes in sheets of metal

. skimming along at 1000 feet & minute, locate shrapnel in the

bodies of wounded soldiers. Of course, there were many new developments, many more years after Edison's discovery before the electronic tube - became the. superb instrument it is today. The word “election” hadn't been coined when Edison devised the fist current-carrying vacuum tube. He called it the “Edison effect” and patented it us such; In 1891 ga British physicist, George Johnstone Stoney, gave us the term “electron” and in 1900 J. J. Thomson evolved the electronic theory,

Even s0, the electronic tube, in .

its simplest form, isn't so very different from Edison's crude globe, It's an airtight glass inclosure, containing a filament to give off electrons and a plate to receive them, “7 What goes on inside this tube is the key to electropids. “The filament is called a cathode. It's made of a metal having

~ nickel alloy.

The plate is termed the anode and is made of various materials, including tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, tantalum, graphite.

‘es » n TO GET the electrons staried

* on thelr journey from filament to

"live electrons fly to the positively-""

charged. plate with tremendous speed, ‘With nothing to confine or limit the movement of the electrons, you have an uncommonly powerful flow of electric current, as you can see. - from -the fact. that “six million trillion* electrons flow each second through the thip filament of a 100-watt lamp to keep it burning. : .

A lot can be done with such a

tube, but it wasn't until 1907

when Lee de. Forest. added a third, element that-eleotronics Teully be- _+ gan to go places, ~~ ’

HE RAN another wire into the glass globe and attached to it a bit »f metal screen, which he inserted between the filament and the

This: permitted him to control the number of electrons moving from filament to plate. More im-

portant, he found that a small

amount of electricity applied to

the screen--or grid; as it's called—

could be expanded into an ime mense amount at the plate— pointing the way to radio, Remember that like electrical charges repel, unlike attract, By applying a negative charge to the grid, the electrons pouring . forth from the filament are repelled and forced to turn back. By varying the intensity of the charge at the grid, the number cf electrons swarming through to the. plate can be controlled. ¢ In other words, the grid acts like a Venetian blind, With no negative charge, the slats are wide open, and lots of electrons can

_ Gradually close the blind, and fewer and fewer electrons pass “through, j

‘This-is how the amplifier tube

“in your radio set works.’ The tiny amount of energy caught by the “aerial is carried to the grid, where it is amplified to the necessary in-

~__a_ high melting point, such as - tensity.

® . . Grid Is Small THE GRID in the average radio tube is about an inch square and generally is made of fine mesh

copper. . There's another kind of elec-

a

plate, a wire is attached to the tronic tube that doesn't have a

filament and- heats it with elec- . tricity. Th If you could see inside the filament, you'd observe atoms, excited by the heat, begin to scurry

plate and stay away from the glass. : As it turned out, the globe still blackened, but during the experiment Edison found that an elec-

.

Tomorrow's Job-————

|Plans to Prevent New Models For Post-War Period Rapped

"By E. A. EVANS Scripps-Howard Staff Writer WASHINGTON, Nov. 16-—Directors of the National Association of Manufacturers have registered “vigorous opposition” to proposals that, for some months after the war, the government should prevent introduction of new models of automobiles, refrigerators, washing | machines and the like. : Such proposals have been attributed to war production board tion for post-war markets through new products,

hot filament to get the electrons moving—and a very important one, it is, It's the photofube, or “electric eye,” the tube that ‘causes doors

DISTRICT COMPLETES LEAGUE TOMORROW

district will complete formation of a civic league for that neighborhood at a meeting at 7 p. m. tomorrow in

Residents of the Christian park,

‘fact, does almost aBything where =

sight and light are involved. The phototube is equipped with a cathode plate so sensitive it will give out electrons when light shines upon it, ! Interruptions of light beams or changes in the intensity of light

‘cause changes in the flow of ‘elfos" =

trons. Connect this tube to elec Tric switches and mechanisms and

it will operaté them automatically

as-its light source dictates. - re a ® Nn, :

Better Lighting Provided.

FOR EXAMPLE; better lighting" is provided in schoolrooms with the aid of a phototube that controls the regular lights. If its a dark day, the tube increases the brightness of the lights in the

* schoolroom, If it's brilliant outs

side, the tube dims or turns off the interior lighting. gi The phototube made sound movies possible. Various shades of black and white on the sound track of a movie film are converts - ed by tubes to electric impulses that feed the theater's loud speaker. : Another important electronis tube is the gas-filled tube. The purpose: of pufting gas Into it is

to get more electric power through

the tube. Here's how it's done: The gas is composed of atoms, each having electrons in its coms position, Electrons released by the tube's filament, while on thelr - way to the plate, collide with the gas atoms, knocking eut some » their: electrons. ee The new electrons join the orige inal group flying through the tube and thus greatly increase the flow of current. Gas-filled tubes are conducting the vast amounts of power needed for production of aluminum and magnesium. ‘ !

7 Then there's an old-timer

electronic tubes that mustn't be ignoréd.~the X-ray tube. In this tube, electrons arg ate

tracted to a metal plate by a very high voltage of current, sometimes

“millions of volts. ‘The electrons

strike the plate with terrific force ~50 hard they almost shake the atoms in the metal to pleces. As the battered atoms return to normal they give off radiations called X-rays—so penetrating they can pass right through the

human body and even through

fairly thick steel. : Next: Electronics at Work, ,

GREETINGS TO YANKS

SHOULD BE SEALED