Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 December 1942 — Page 10

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PAGE 18 ACTION DEFERRED ON.

ruling on farm workers by Selective ‘Service Director Lewis B. Hershey

|. grounds they are regularly engaged

OBJECTORS TO WAR

"PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 3 (U. PJ). —The government today awaited a

before proceeding with its case against 12 Wenger Mennonites, Pennsylvania dairy and tobacco farmers con:cientiously opposed to

war. Federal Judge William H. Kirkpatrick postjoned sentence against members of he sect after Assistant U. 8S. Attorrey Edward A. Kallick, said it was possible that Hershey would rule that farm-working Mennonites shou!d be deferred on the

in an agricultural pursuit essential to the war effort.

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LAKE ORE FLEET FILLS WAR JOB

Supplies Steel Furnaces Despite Equipment Shortage.

CLEVELAND, Dec. 3 (U. P.)— America is winning a battle of vital

importance thousands of miles from the actual fighting fronts. The battle is a struggle against human fatigue, insufficient equipment and time and is being fought on the waters of the Great Lakes that fringe the heart of Midwestern America. The victory belongs to the men and ships of the lakes ore fleet— a combination that has just about exceeded the most gigantic goal ever. set before an American transportation system. * The ore_fleet this year faced the enormous task of carrying 90,000,000 tons of iron ore from the mines of northern Minnesota down to the pqts of the Great Lakes— Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Toledo, Buffalo—and on the fleet depended the bulk of the nation’s steel “production. It can now be reported that the fleet has virtually clinched success. By the end of October, the ore carriers had transported 83,858,620 tons and they still have almost two full months in which to attain the 90,000,000-tons goal set before them by the office of defense transportation last spring. The officers and men wear no gold braid and medals, and no admiral’s daughter or senator’s niece launches the awkward, sturdy ships they sail. But their victory is no less important even without the trimmings. Thanks to them, the steel mills of the Midwest and East are receiving the iron ore that’s digested in roaring blast furnaces and spewed out of the war plants in the shape of tanks, guns, planes and war-

ships.

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HE:

By HELEN RUEGAMER

PADDLING A CANOE is the only sailing experience he’s had. Yet Dr. Bassford C. Getchell, associate professor of mathematics at Butler university, has devised a plan to make it easier for navigators to plot their courses over thousands of miles. His plan, called “A Diagram for Great-Circle Sailing,” has been accepted and is being copyrighted by the U. S. Naval Institute, official publication of the naval academy at Annapolis, Md. It takes maps, rulers, globes, diagrams, pictures and Dr, Getchell to explain the plan fully but the general idea is this. There are three important things navigators must find out no matter whether they're flying - or sailing. They are the distance to travel, the direction to go, and the path to take. In the language of the navy, it’s the distance, course and track. ” n ” TO FIGURE OUT these points navigators always have translated their courses and distances on a great circle chart of their territory to a mercator chart. The mercator chart, which is a flat map, is used directly for navigation of all kinds. The greatcircle chart is a map of the globe spread flat but retaining the converging latitudinal lines at the poles. Now with the use of Dr. Getchell’s diagram the great-circle chart can be eliminated, and navigators can find their courses and distances by using only the mercator chart. This, as Dr. Getchell sees it, simplifies things and eliminates a lot of figuring for navigators, on ” ”n THE 38-YEAR-OLD professor is quite modest about his discovery and makes no claim to fame. To him it was purely a mathematical problem. He says he just sturfibled on the idea this summer while reading some books on navigation preparatory to teaching his course in navigation at Butler this year. It seemed so simple and obvious to him that he thought possibly somédone had already hit upon the idea. So he wrote to the naval academy, and was referred to the Naval Institute. The navigation course replaces

usually taught. Twelve men, students, most of them in the army

U. S., CANADA SIGN POST-WAR AID PACT

WASHINGTON, Dec. 3 (U. P.).— The United States and Canada has entered into an agreement on post-war economic settlements designed to promote mutually ad-

trade conditions in .the world at large. The pact was in the form of an exchange of notes. It was similar to agreements between the United States and Britain, Russia and China.

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an astronomy class Dr. Getchell

air corps reserve, make up the .

vantageous relations and to better

Dr. B. C. Getchell , ° 0

class and they're getting the benefit of his diagram firsthand. He's engrossed in another experiment now —an astronomical one which he doesn’t care to “brag about” until it is’completed. ” ” ” HE HAS BEEN in print once before. His doctor’s thesis on “Integration of Interval Functions” was published in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. . Dr, Getchell has been at But-

roe INVTENAPOLS Tvs Butler Professor Who Has Never Been % To Sea Devises System for Navigators

makes no claim to fame

% | showed one of them to be almost 50

ler since 1936. He received his undergraduate degree in mathematics from Colby college at Water= ville, Me., in 1927 and his mas-

ter’'s degree from Harvard university the following year. After teaching at the Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland, O., from 1928 to 1931, he received his doctor’s degree at the University of Michigan in 1934. He taught at Brown university at Providence,

R. I, until coming to Butler.

HOW TO MAKE * COFFEE TESTS

Adulterants Detected by Placing a Sample in Glass of Water.

By Science Service NEW HAVEN, Conn. Dec. 3.— Simple tests for telling whether the coffee you bring home on your precious number ration coupon has been adulterated are given by C. E. Shepard, chemist of the Connecticut agricultural experiment station here. Examination of coffee samples recently submitted to the station

per cent impure. A flat taste or lack of kick may be, as coffee drinkers often suspect, signs of adulteration. Chicory is the most common adulterant of coffee, ‘Mr. Shepard stated. One test for detecting chicory in ground coffee is made by placing a good pinch of the material on a piece of white paper. Examine the individual particles with a hand lens, though you can tell the difference between coffee and chicory without this aid. Coffee grounds are usually light brown and granular, while those of chicory,

being made from a root, are fibrous

and darker in color. Water Test Is Distinct

The “water test” shows up the difference even more distinctly. Half a teaspoonful of coffee is placed in a glass a quarter full of water. Most of the true coffee will stay on top for a time, but grains of chicory or other fibrous vegetable material quickly become water-logged and sink to the bottom, often coloring the water brownish. After allowing the materials to soak for 10 minutes, the water is drained off, and the grains spread out in a dish or on a piece of white paper. If, on prodding with a match stick or tweezers, a granule appears hard and resistant and “jumps

away,” it most likely is coffee. But

consistency, it is a foreign substance, probably chicory. Chicory is made from the root of a perennial vegetable grown in the northeast. Addition of chicory or any other harmless ‘vegetable material to coffee is not considered illegal, Mr, Shepard points out, so long as its presence is plainly indicated on the package label. Some people prefer coffee that contains a little chicory and even add it themselves, Most consumers, however, want only pure coffee and a mixture of coffee and other materials should be sold for what it is.

HIDDLE NAMES HOOSIER

WASHINGTON, Dec. 3 (U. P.).— Attorney General Francis Biddle

THURSDAY, DEC. 3, 1048

announced yesterday that Charles Edward Rhetts, a native of Salem, Ind, had been named a special assistant to: the attorney general.

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