Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 27 November 1942 — Page 13

¥ BEE SEER.

Smashing the Axis

One of the most difficult problems in developing the Diesel engine was the means of feeding fuel oil into the cylinders, and it was to this problem that Charles F. Ketter-,

ing, the genius of Generel Motors, turned his brain and|®

hand in 1930.

He built a yacht, the Olive K, which was somewhat less

:& yacht than an engine rcom with a boat built around it.

, ¢ Aboard it you could do a lot

i of engineering without much

. regard for the niceties of

: yachting.

i The GM research chief sailed ‘off to the Galapagos’ islands, and “as friends tell the story now he hardly came out of the engine room in that cruise of thousands of miles. But by the time that trip was over he was beginning to find some of the answers he'd been seeking. Because he did, and bec:iuse George Codrington of the Wirton Engine Co. and a few others ‘vere pushing just as hard toward solutions of other Diesel problems, the United States has submarines today .. that can match the world’s best and travel with the fleet rather ‘han behind it.

Story of Industry Here again is the story of how

Bo industry is bringing its engineer-

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FORRES ORNEN IE EG BAAN RP EERE TANS ROPE RRBM Nr Cc ERB EWAN BN N EERE

ing and production experience of past years to a spectacular performance in turning out the wea“pons of war. It is experience which often, as In this case, cost many a leadache and hundreds of thousands of; dollars in experimentation. but

* | it is paying off now in the kind

of industrial know-how that saves men and materials badly needed everywhere, 4 After that trip to the Galapagos ° Mr. Kettering went back to De-

. troit. to advise his eolleagues that

if GM was going to get into the Diesel field it should get its own company manufacturing the engine. With that they agreed, and so GM bought the Winton Engine Co. at Cleveland, heaced by : Mr, Codrington, It had been work- : ing on Diesels since 1913—the year { in which, incidentally, the talented i Dr. Rudolph Diesel disappeared ' mysteriously from an Aniwerp- : London Channel boat.

In Them for Keeps

With GM in Diesel for keeps, * Engineer Kettering made three more : sea trips, one to Cuba and two to Mexico, and cruised thousands of miles each summer along the Great : Lakes. It wasn’t fuel injection alone but many other problems as well which came under his expert study. About the same time George Codrington was trying to solve the . Diesel weight problem—trying to : get away from the too high ratio - of weight to horsepower—and he

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was pushing development of welded engine structures to replace the cast cranktcases. There were some distressing failures, but he kept at it, and by 1932 there had been devolped a crankshaft strutcure which eliminated one-half the weight, There weren't many people buy-

ing yachts in 1933, when a dollar was a ‘mighty scarce article, and yet a lot of GM's work with Diesels had been aimed at these and other seagoing vessels.

Problem Was Difficult

Suppliers who had been making Diesel parts would come in and announce they were all through— they had tried to keep going: but couldn't But Diesel would find a small order for them, and they'd keep on. It meant holding an organization together: for whenever the time might come. Once there was an order from fhe navy for 16 engines. It meant a year’s work. There were men in the navy who realized, tdo, that it- was vital to keep the Diesel development going. Those days of struggle are well past now. The 1941 output of G. M.’s Cleveland Diesel plant was 40 ‘times that of 1940. The 1942 output. will double that of 1941— tens of thousands of racinghorsepower available for America when it is most needed because. men in industry—and in the navy, too— had courage and foresight. The Diesel engine, used now in streamlined trains, trucks, busses and power plants, looks much the same as thes gasoline engine of your automobile. It has cylinders, pistons, connecting rods and crankshafts just as your auto engine has. Buf where the gasoline engine compresses a mixture of gasoline and air which is ignited by an electric spark the Diesel compresses air alone in the cylinder until it reaches a temperature of about 1000 degrees, and this heat ignites fuél oil which provides the power stroke. for the piston.

The Heat of Diesel

When Mr. Kettering went to work on the fuel injector he was dealing with the very heart of the Diesel engine, and the work he and Mr. Cordington and the others did in perfecting this engine is giving the

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power plant than he one they began work on years ago. At one time the engine weighed about 200 pounds for each unit of horsepower it turned up. Today it weighs only 17 pounds per horsepower. Six years ago the Diesels 16 cylinders developed 1250 horse-

| power, Now they churn up a mighty

1600. A new crankcase design has changed the water manifold from the outside wall of the engine to a simpler inside construction, eliminating elaborate machining and saving about 20 critical machine tool hours per engine. A new piston design saves 112 pounds of strategic material per engine, Redesigning the housing on the engine blower drive, which blows or forces air up into the cylinders, is saving 18 pounds of critical material per engine and 90 per cent in the cost of the housing.

Increase Efficiency

When approaching war turned on the pressure for greater speed the Diesel people shifted from the huge baring mills formerly used for bor-

ing crankcase cylinder liners to ‘a radial drill. Not only is the present boring time—30 minutes per cylinder, or eight hours—a substantial saving under the time required formerly, but three radial drills can be built with the steel needed to produce a boring mill. In a day of machine tool shortages this is an enormously important saving. Time was when cylinder water jackets were fabricated four-piece units consisting of steel castings and tubing welded ‘together. But the Cleveland engineers have developed a one-piece steel jacket which reduces machining time and the amount of leftover steel scrap. A new tool to machine camshaft bearing seats wiped out 24 hours of exacting labor, A shift from aluminum to fabricated steel netted a critical materials saving in gear housings. And on and on. You might ask why all these operations weren’t done the better way in the first place. The answer, of course, is that all the record of mechanical progress is one of evolution. “You often do the wrong thing the wrong way the first time,” says Diesel’s J. B. Jackson. - “That’s how you learn to do it right.” Here at Cleveland Diesel probably is one of the nation’s finest examples of subcontracting, for the 2500 in this plant are being fed by 40,000 other workers in industries throughout the country. It is easy now, with hindsight, to see how important this could be. But few had the foresight to scour the country

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LONDON. CHILDREN ‘ARE HOSTS TO YANKS

Anglo-American iets were(or more firmly cemented today: because 60 children from London’s ‘east end slums threw a Thanksgiving party for 60 American soldiers.

an American soldier,” Copeland announced. with the seri-

LONDON, Nov. 27 P).|served

“When I grow up I want te mari Jennifer Ann

gt airmen obsoldiers, Ea ‘at their posts A special servfoe a a Westminster Abbey

and in: many other: churches of all Yenominations throughout Britain.

‘WHY YOU LAUGH

Laughter 48 ‘produced by the convulsive contraction of the diaphragm.

night.

Joe te o scr IN HOSPITAL AFTER. FT. HARRISON MEAL

Six soldiers at Ft. Harrison remained in the hospital there today under observation after, 100 men were taken ill yesterday after eating Thanksgiving dinner. Ninety-four of the men were released after staying there overNone of the men was reported in a serious condition. Authorities at the fort said the! coast port.

TAI

men were taken m after they eaten corn that was found. to spoiled. =

CANADIAN SHIP, SUNK 3 WASHINGTON, No¥. 27 (U, PJs —The navy announced today that a medium-sized Canadian merchant

vessel was torpedoed and sunk by an enemy submarine early in Noe vembet in the Caribbean area, . Survivors have landed at an east

J Whe

Miss Roberta Bland

Miss Roberta Bland, 2615 Southeastern ave., a junior at Indiana Central college, has been elected editor of the 1943 Oracle, college yearbook, by members of the class. Two previously elected editors have been called by the armed forces. Carl Leiter of Roanoke, who was named editor last spring, entered the navy during the summer, . Victor Bogle, New Albany, who was associate editor, was called to the army soon after he had assumed editorship. Members of the class decided to have a “draft-proof”’ editor and chose a woman editor for the

first time in the history of the school.

NAVY LISTS 3 AS MISSING, 1 DEAD

11 Other Hoosiers Included On Nov. 1-15 Casualty Roll.

The navy’s official casualty list released last night included the names of three Indianapolis young men missing and one dead in action during the period Nov. 1 to Nov. 15. MYRON W. ROBERTS, son of Mr. and Mrs. Clyde R. Roberts, 337 N. Summit st., was listed as dead. His parents had received notice of his death on Nov. 11. Missing are: TILMAN 1IVO FREELS, radioman, second class, son of Mrs. E. Frances Freels, 1241 8. Pershing ave. . GAINES SNYDER, yeoman, second class, son of Mrs. Florence Snyder, 6147 E. St. Joseph st. JESS LINVILLE JR. pharmacist’s mate, third class, son of Mrs. Karris Linville. Other Indiana men included in the list were: DEAD: Earl Austin Abbott, seaman first class, son of Mr. and Mrs. Lee Edward Abbott of Anderson.

William Carl Borders, fireman

Lunsford of Lawrenceburg. Max Cather Clark, seaman first class, son of Max Andrew Clark of Scottsburg.

Charles W. Northern, privais first class (marine corps), son of Mrs. Elizabeth Northern of Hudson.

Robert Howard Hoontz, storekeeper third class, son of Irvin Paul Koontz of Ft. Wayne,

Joseph ' Cooper Martin, seaman second class, son of Mrs. Thelma Glayds Hart of Lafayette.

Harold Wilbur Young, fireman third class, son of Mrs. Carrie Young of Ft. Wayne. William Earl Elliott, seaman sec-. ond class, son of Mrs. Eva Elliott McFadden of Attica.

Michael Edward Bethner, fireman first class, son of Michael Bethner of Ft. Wayne.

Vincent Wilson Sexton, water tender second class, son of Enoch Howard Sexton of Jasonville. ,

WOUNDED:

Robert Anthony Carping, seaman first class, son of Anthony Albert Carping of Ft. Wayne.

MAJOR BILLS FACE DELAY IN CONGRESS

WASHINGTON, Nov. 27 (U. P.). —The senate steering committee may decide today not to call up any controversial legislation during the few remaining weeks of this session, shelving at least three major bills until the 78th congress meets in January. Senate Democratic Leader Alben W. Barkley of Kentucky called the meeting of the informal group of Democratic senators after he and other congressional leaders had conferred . with President Roosevelt, presumably on the course of legislative action during the remainder of the session,

STATE NEAR CLOSE “IN 2D PAYNE TRIAL

BLOOMINGTON, Ind., Nov. 27 (U. P.).—The second trial of Mrs. Caroline Payne, Bloomington newspaper woman who is charged with murdering her former sweetheart, Charles Mattingly, by shooting him five times in the back, was resumed today after a Thanksgiving recess. Prosecutor Sylvan Tackitt indicéited only two or three more witnesses would take the stand for the

@ Ars. Payne.

state before he rests his case against

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