Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 November 1942 — Page 11

. his OPA, and the other agencies involved might as .

TUESDAY, NOV. 24, 1942

SECOND SECTION

The Bureaucrats

WASHINGTON, Nov. 24.—Wherever two gr three congressmen gather together these days, especially those doomed to private life by the Nov. 3 mandate, there is still an aftermath of muttering about the accumulation of “little things” that brought a public ‘eaction against the administraion in the recent election. By “little things” they mean jhe multiplicity of annoying dejails connected with rationing; he answering of questions, some f which seem almost impossible o answer without legal advice; the srawling about on hands and knees 0 measure rooms for fuel-oil ra-

ioning; the stream of question-

aires to businessmen. All over the capitol you hear jhe grumbling. Typical of what s likely to come more and more is 8 bill introduced by Rep. Manasco (D. Ala.) to repeal tire inspection. S:nator Bankhead (D. Ala.) will sponsor it in the seiiate. Most every congressman can fell you how these things could have been done better. Leon Henderson,

well look forward to more and more of this muttering. Most every congressman is in the burnt-child mood, and .it’s only two ycars before another election.

Part Constable, Part FBI Man

THE “BUREAUCRAT —and the word issues with a snarl from congrescional lips—has come into his own, and not just the. way he'd like it. Figuratively the bureaucrat has met the voter face to face, for he has

" imoved, in effect, rizht into parlor, bedroom, bath and

Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum

kitchen, as well as garage, with his briefcase full of : &

* some knowledge of common folks—and congressmen

perplexing forms, and the citizen is beginning to think he knows him. The congressman is helping to build up a most uncomplimentary portrait. It is that of a gentleman, preferably rather youngish, with big spectacles and a

By Thomas L. Stokes|

serious far-off look -in the eyes, which take on al’

vengeful gleam when said bureaucrat thinks up a new regulation to impose upon poor John Doe.

And So On—And On

“THEY DIDN'T treat us that way in the last war,”

some of the older heads recall. “Old Barney Baruch did it different.” Of course the last war wasn’t as big a war, and it never reached so much into the lives of the people.

But it is the serious judgment of men who have

have to have that—that everything would get along better if the bureaucrats put more faith in the people’s good sense and their desire to co-operate, and let them help without so much interference and regulation. Perhaps there was no area of discontent so heavy with grievance as the one-truck farmer who had to fill out—and only a few days before election—those fuel-oil forms for the ODT. : One Democrat reported that Democratic neighbors in New York City openly swore they were going to vote Republican after they had spent their time on their hands and knees measuring for the fuel-oil ration. Then there is the congressman who reported the resentment in his district from decent and law-abid-ing citizens who were arrested when they didn’t have stamps for their automobile tax—because none had reached their neighborhood. And so on—and on.

Ernie Pyle has left England for North Africa. His column will be resumed shortly |

“THE VILLACE SMITHY” no longer stands *under a spreading chestnut tree.” Instead, apparently, it goes to wherever the horses are located. This observation is the result of seeing on 38th at Capitol an auto pulling a small trailer labeled: “Denny Lee— Farrier,” Farrier, according to Webster, is another word for the village smithy. Denny used to do his blacksmithing out at the state fair grounds before the air corps took over out there. ... A handsome bronze sign on the butside wall of the Merchants Bank building -offers a reminder of happier days: “Steamship tickets to and from all points of the world.” The army and navy provide similar service. . . . Quite a few Thanksgiving invitations are being qualifled with: “Bring your own coffee and sugar—at least your own coffee.” It’s becoming popular also for

guests dropping in unexpectedly for dinner to bring

.. attached.

8 25-cent defens:

along a tittle coffee as asdurance of a welcome,

Chain Letters Again THE CHAIN LETTER epidemic is active here again after a slizht period of dormancy. The current form—or one of the current forms—involves defense stamps. Here's » sample letter received by one businessman from another: “Ordinarily ‘chain letters give me a pain in the neck, but here is one that I can’t persuade myself to pass up. It was ;tarted by Mr. and requires that I send you a 25-cent defense stamp, which is

that this particular chain letter had fhe government. The cause is so | sure you will not break the chain t you will: f your friends and mail them each stamp. ey do likewise to 10 of their friends. to sending a 25-cent defense stamp «ds, send two defense stamps to the d of the attached five-name list, name marked No. 1 and add your

“I understanc the approval of worthy that I feo) and to complete “A. Select 10

“B. Ask that “C. In additio to 10 of your frie name at the he please remove th:

‘Washington

{

. going to do, and

in. We have to

WASHINGTO!'. Nov. 24.—The chances are you didn’t have an opportunity to read the recent speech of Undersecretary of State Welles to the HeraldTribune Forum. Write to the state department or to the Herald: Tribu ie and get a copy of it. Vice President Wallace, more eloquently than anyone else, has voiced the spirit that must ‘drive the civilization that is to come out of the war. Undersecretary Welles, 1 practical career diplomat who ;its at one of the important conrol. points in our relations with other nations, now tries to say what must be done to make our fireams- come true. Secretary Welles is looking at - hie job as a workman, as the builder looks over ‘he sketches of your dream house. Welles is thinking that kind of bricks and stone must be ordered, how rich furnace you will need, what kind of roof you sliould- have, and whether you can get copper plumbir :. : : First of all, Well:s says get going. Get some orders make mechanical drawings, talk allies and agree on what we are en set up an operating concern. The united nations ill is just a phrase, It must become a working out t.

The Welles | orHig—

WELLES MAKE: a working sketch of the four-free

doms—some €leme! ary engineering estimates. You can’t have freedom of speech and religion so long as want apd war rave:o the earth. . So pass on to freedom from fear, ass ance of peace, and freedom from want, which 1s assiirance of individual security, will quire all the impl-nentation that the genius of man n devise through effective forms of international co-operation, Welle: :ays. Peace, or freed: from fear, cannot be assiived until the nations, p: ticularly the great powers, recognize that the threa' of war anywhere threatens their own security. He right have illustrated by saying that Japan's attac: on Manchukuq in 1931 led to

them out with our

name as No. 5, moving up one ahead of yours. Therefore, your name will become No. 1 in due course and you will receive similar attention, “If you continue this, there will be an astronomical amount of defense stamps sold.” P. S.—The postoffice says any and all chain letters are illegal. Sorry to be a killjoy.

Women Bus Drivers

IT LOOKS NOW as though Indianapolis’ first women bus and streetcar operators might be trained and ready to go to work by January. The utility is getting quite a few applications from.women seeking such jobs to replace men leaving for military service or war work. A letter received by the utility from the Los Angeles street railway reports it has about 20 wemen operators, and that some of them mastered the job betger than the average man. As a rule, they're more careful than men, the letter pointed out, but they do have one drawback. They don’t have much respect for schedules. If they get to the end of the line several minutes early, they refuse to sit there and wait—they just go ahead and “beat” the schedule.

Around the Toun MORE THAN 60 applications have been submitted for the two Republican posts on the board of safety in the new city administration, Among the leading candidates are Lee Emmelman and Harry Basin. For the one Democratic post on the board, Leroy J. Keach, the present president of the board, is the likely nominee, if he'll have it. , . . George Fate is scheduled to be named securities commissioner by Secretary of State Rue Alexander. He would succeed Samuel

Busby, being mentioned for the $3600 a year post as}

chief deputy clerk of the supreme and appellate courts. Mr. Fate now is in the motor vehicles license division. . « A little red barn features the 1942 Christmas seals, sale of which was started yesterday. The barn is symbolic of the successful 25-year battle to control tuberculosis in cattle. Indiana, incidentally, was the fourth state in the union to reach the standards set for that control. . . «+ There's a spitting wall” out at 56th and College. On a small concrete retaining wall, some hoodlum has painted the word, “Hitler.” And many passersby, spotting it, spit on the name.

By Raymond Clapper

Pearl Harbor in 1941. Peace or freedom from fear, says Welles, cannot be assured until the great powers

are willing to exercise jointly the police powers neces-|

sary to prevent such threats from materializing into armed hostilities. Since policemen might become tyrants—even international policemen—freedom from fear requires some form of organized international political cooperation to make the rules of international living, to change them as the years go by, and some sort of international court to adjudicate disputes. With enough will to make these institutions work, the peoples would stand a good chance of being able to live in peace.

A PBlace for Public Debate

WELLES DIAGRAMS it in a little more detail. Freedom from want requires that people who want to work must be able to find useful jobs, not only in good years but in all years. Along with that they must be able to exchange the things. they produce on fair terms for other things which other people, often in other places, can make better. Efficient and continuous production and fair exchange are necessary to abundance, and each depends on the other. We have succeeded better with production than with exchange, which has been constantly thwarted by all kinds of restrictions—Ilike tariffs and quotas » Welles means. To follow that line will require wisdom, co-operative effort, surrender of much private, shortsighted and sectional interest. You can see that between the lines of the foregoing are tucked dozens of questions involving policies, such as work relief, and external policies concerning preferential tariffs, currency blocs, and a good many other intricate matters besides an international police force, international control of communications, and protection of world air routes in the interest of common security. Most of these are not problems that can be resolved by public debate. But public debate can insist that we get a move on and get down to wrestling with them. Public debate can insist that this government decide on its own proposals and begin discussion with our allies to reach an agreement and to follow it by setting up going machinery to put the job in motion.

' (This is the seventh of a series)

By CHARLES 1 T. LUCEY Times Special Writer

One day before America entered the war, when Detroit was still turning out autos, George Slider, an experimental engineer, stomped into the spit-and-polish office of Frank Schuler, general master mechanic of the Chrysler Highland

Park plant. “Frank,” he said, “I don’t like that rear axle housing on our cars. We ought to have a better one.” The blocky, graying Schuler, who never saw a college, but who over many years has made one important contribution after another to the auto industry, looked at the engineer and answered: “Hell, George, if you wouldn't be so fussy about the taper from the axle banjo to the springs I'd built you a better housing. And don’t worry—it would be a nicelooking job, too.” The way to do it, said Master Mechanic Schuler, was to roll a steel tube, split it and form the split end into a half-banjo shape. ,Then make another just like it, weld the two banjo sections together, and there's your housing. Messrs. Schuler and Slider agreed on the need for the development. Plans were put on paper, and cost estimates were made. By investi? half a million dollars, they found, there could be effected a saving in axle production which would return this amount in six months. The new axle would go into all Chryslers, De Sotos, Dodges and Plymouths, of course.

Chrysler Experts Find Many New Methods To Supply the Allies

But along came Pearl Harbor and stopped all that. A few months later the plant that had been turning out autos was making parts for the Bofors 40-millimeter antiaircraft gun. On the front of this gun was a flared or funnel-shaped “flash hider,” designed to be made from a solid steel forging weighing 40 pounds. It required a great amount of fine machine work to remove waste steel stock, using material that might be saved if better methods were found and tying up machine tools needed for ‘other operations.

” ” Has An Idea STUDYING THE GUN, Tom Lowery, general foreman of Chrysler’s die room, had an idea. Why, he asked, can’t we make this flash hider just as the new axle was to be made—a seamless teel tube flared and then welded at the other end to a pierced forging to fit back into the rest of the gun? That idea was worth money. Doing the job that way rather than in the old way will save 945,600 pounds of steel on a year’s production and 68,716 machine hours. That's freeing enough time and materials and machines to produce five million 37-millimeter ma-chine-gun bullets, and it means putting fighting tools into the hands of American fighting men abroad months ahead of schedule. It’s typical of the way Chrysler’s erigineers, designers, metallurgists and production men, like those in General Motors, Ford and other peacetime mass-production industries, are drawing on longtime industrial experience to speed America’s vast armament job.

This is one of the 137 different inspection operations involved making breech

rings for

40-millimeter anti-aircraft guns.

And Frank Schuler is typical of the men helping to do that job. At 62 he is the father of six boys and three girls, reared in the 40 years since he was a 5-cents-an-hour apprentice—years spent in foundry, machine shop and tool room, learning the know-how which is paying dividends through out America industry today. ” ” ”

Studies Parts

BEFORE HIM on the desk or table in his office sit a number of

parts of the munitions Chrysler is turning out—intricate parts, big and little, forged and cast and machined. As long as he sits in the office—and that’s hours every day—those parts are never out of his sight. A thousand times and a thousand times again he builds them and tears then down. How to do it better, how to do it better— Then, one day, against a background of all those years in forge and foundry, there comes the idea he has been seeking—a short cut, a better way to process, an economy in materials and money. There are Frank Schulers in

every shop in. mass-production -

industry. Frank Schuler and the engineers and designers and production men back of him are the very reason for mass production. What was done with the gunbarrel flash hider is being done with thousands of parts in the faster output of war goods. ” ” n

Another Saving

BUT CHRYSLER'S designers decided the breech rings on this same antiaircraft gun, for example, were designed to be cut from a solid billet of steel, requiring an excessive amount of machining time and numerous machines to “hog off” waste material in getting down to the part required. Special equipment was needed to machine to very close limits of accuracy. The breech rings could be changed from a solid steel billet to a forging nearer the shape of the final product. They eliminated

Single units of the

gun mechanisms are sembled on dollies i Chrysler plant. On assembly line the 5

millimeter anti-aircraft

asn a the 472

pieces and sub-assemblies

some other machining, and the redesign here will save in a year’s time 566,400 pounds of steel and 122,856 machine hours. Moreover, it is freeing drill presses, mills and planers always needed urgently for other jobs in today's war industry. That's enough time and material to put the new semiautomatic Garand rifles in the hands of 30,000 American soldiers. Making the gun’s recoil piston required special cutters and a grinder working from a bar of steel stock. But Chrysler's designers and production men shifted again to a forging, simplified the design and eliminated 14 operations in the making of this one part. Again the know-how being contributed out of 40 years of the auto industry's experience made a saving—this time of 408,000 pounds of steel and more than 5000 important machine hours in a year’s production schedule. ” ” ”

Make New Design

THE GUN PAWL—a slotted part of the firing mechanism— on these antiaircraft weapons was changed by Chrysler from a forging to a strip-steel stamping, machined and reamed. That single change on a part not two inches long meant the release of 13 needed machines to other war work and an economy of 91,200 machine hours and 120,000 pounds of steel. Chrysler is making a piston rod originally released in- the blueprints to be produced from bar steel stock. It was an exacting operation, requiring special drills, reamers and expensive gauges. The engineers went to work on a new design, calling for a forging and for use of standard tools instead of many special ones. That meant saving about 450,000 pounds of steel and nearly 6000 machine hours. That’s enough to put roaring airplane engines under 600 American airmen. The recoil spring retainer on the gun, a cylindrical piece about five inches long and six inches | in

EARLY BUTTER RATIONING DUE

Effort to Conserve All Dairy Products.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 24 (U. P.). —A nation-wide milk conservation program, built around stringent butter and cheese rationing to civilians soon will be inaugurated, a top-ranking government official reported today. He said the program, to be di-

rected by Secretary of Agriculture Claude R. Wickard, will provide for tight federal control over all milk products but does not contemplate rationing of fluid milk at this time. Rather, he said, a principal ob-

demands for this product by paring production of less nutritional items while, at the same time, meeting huge dairy food needs of

Move to Be Tied in With!

jective will be to meet all civilian'}

lron-Nerved Guerrilla Chief Flinches at Water Gurgle

SOMEWHERE IN AUSTRALIA, Nov. 24.—How fantastic a figure, compounded of daring, resourcefulness and hair-trigger sensitivity, an Australian guerrilla leader can be is illustrated by the story told here about one of the officers in Timor. A digger who accompanied a guerrilla officer on patrol through a Japanese-occupied town relates: “He had his finger inserted through the ring of a Mills hand grenade and kept twirling it carelessly around. I kept wondering whether the grenade might not explode accidentally.” As the scouting ' party moved through the streets of the town, whose officials ‘had been banished

and replaced by the Japanese military, the Australian officer suddenly whirled upon his-companion and ejaculated: “Will you racket?” The digger discovered that the “bloody racket” so offensive to the keen leader was nothing but the gurgling of the water in his army O flask. “But he made more noise than I at the next corner,” said the digger. “A Jap sentry challenged us. And my commander said: ‘There you are,’ and gently tossed him the Mills grenade. (Australian guerrillas are reported to be still operating in parts of Timor.)

stop that bloody

FUNNY BUSINESS

XN NON RN NN NNN SONNY NR

\ N\ NS WRENN N\

RN NR N

LRN NN

RUBBER AND GAS

Vital

thetic rubber program, which was recommended urgently Baruch committee, is threatened by a shortage of special equipment, a: reliable authority reported today.

reached where a choice must be made between delaying either the rubber . program or the high-test aviation gasoline program, both of which badly need the equipment in question, he said.

the entire structure of the trans-

PLANS COLLIDE

Material Is Needed By Both Industries For Production. WASHINGTON, Nov. 2¢ (U.P) —

On-schedule completion of the syn-

by the

The point -has almost been

The Baruch report warned that

of the gun are added.

diameter, long was, made of solid bronze. When Chrysler was given the job it- began with bar stock weighing 46 pounds. But the engineers shifted to bronze casting weighing but 16 pounds, saving the reworking of this 30 pounds of bronze scrap and freeing in one year 68 tons of critical material for production elsewhere, These examples of cutting the corners on the long haul ‘to Ber=lin and Tokyo can be multiplied time and- again in Chrysler—up at the magnificent tank plant, at the bomber fuselage plant and

elsewhere.

n ” o

Shows Ingenuity

CHRYSLER'S PERFORMANCE in taking over the old Grahams= Paige auto plant, altogether un-

suited for the bomber job because of low roofs, and engineering its conversion to aircraft output at a time when America has been critically short of the materials needed to build .new plants, is one of the most striking demon=strations of the motor industry's ingenuity in helping to feed the war machine. And here in this plant the mass production men even have jettisoned some of the more orthodox conveyor line practices to facilitate production, shifting to early sub-assembly stages certain opera= tions that ordinarily came near final assembly. For men working on the myriad small wiring, mechanical and instrument jobs : inside the homber fuselage it means more space — doing more things out in the open shop rathér than in the cramped quarters of final assembly. It aids production. Here again the experience that is brought to the tremendous munitions job of today is something that goes back to the 1890s, when a Union Pacific locomotive engineer's young son, Walter Chrysler, came out of Ellis, Kas., with a machinist’s tool kit to. begin the typically American story that is being told today in planes and tanks and guns.

SECT FOUNDER ON TRIAL FOR SEDITION

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 24 (U.P). —William E. (Father) Riker, 68, the

Holy City communal sect founder, who had visions of creating “the world’s perfect government,” goes on

trial in federal court today on sedi-

tion charges.

The government accused him of

attempting to undermine the morale of the armed forces.

The F.B.I. here announced Riker’s

arrest last Oct. 29 on charges made in a secret indictment while Riker was campaigning for governor of California. It was the second time he unsuccessfully sought the governorship on a platform of “perfect government.”

The F.B.I. charged Riker had

urged congressmen to seek peace with the axis, “minus Japan”; had {extolled Adolf Hitler us a “second Martin Luther, freeing the people from the ownership of the international bankers,” and disseminated propaganda allegedly anti-Semitic, anti-British, anti-Chinese and anti- | Filipino.

portation system would break down if the synthetic rubber program failed. On the other hand, aviation gasoline is literally the life blood of the united nations war effort. Without fuel to keep planes in the air, striking power would be small,

HOLD EVERYTHING

NAR SN

the armed forces. Butter Stores Frown

Declaring that immediate action is imperative to avoid serious dislocation during the current lowproduction season, this official said Mr, Wickard’s food requirements

My Day

WASHINGTON— happened to read an article the other day in whch it was stated that if women . were going to work ‘ley could not take care of their homes and rear their families.

By Eleanor Roosevelt

NR \

nurseries usually belong to women who, for one reason of another, must go to work. The government thinks that better care is obtainable through a system of day nurseries and nursery

Rk would 1 never occur to me that it would not be clear to any thinking person that e cn in a country where the man-

schools and is, therefore, trying to encourage the mothers to leave them in such places. There is one thing I found most interesting in all

committee is expected to complete preparations for the program “within a matter of days.” He described as a forerunner, but

Two in “Collision” This authority emphasized that

power situation is as critical as it is in Great Britain, no woman with young children is ever” asked to go to work. Everything possible is being done to keep her in her own home ami I agree 100

the “collision” between the two programs’ requirements has happened entirely at the fabricated equipment level because of processing capacity ‘|shortages. All the necessary raw materials—steel, copper and rubber

the arrangements made for women who work in Great Britain. If you are in one of the military services, and your husband is coming home on leave, you may at once apply for leave yoursr{f and it will be granted without any red tape, by your immediate

not an actual part of the program, last night's war production board order freezing for war uses approximately 40 per cent—or nearly 35,-

000,000 pounds—of the nation’s cold SES

per cent that a child is better off wn own mother, even though I know that some of them are not perfection. Most of the little children in re-ident nurseries in Great Britain

ii] are there because it i vetter for them to be out of the

which are »

frequent targets for bomb-

superior. This is also true, I understand, in many of the factories. I asked woman after woman how she managed her day, especially those who have children. The obvious answer was that in many ways the children who are older are expected to help out by having supper ready when mother comes home and by doing some of the cleaning and washing. This seems to be entirely

storage butter supplies. The order, he said, was issued to expedite federal purchases which

seasonal shortage and “at best is only a stop gap.”

products because they are so

Sccesstul So°T dou’. think dyes thissg older ehiliren

have been delayed by a normal}

The forthcoming over-all - pro-| Pp gram, he said, will cover all dairy!

So S——

virtually—have ‘been allocated and |are available.

He Said he was uriable to disclose

: wis specific equipment; is causing|-