Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 October 1942 — Page 9
‘ Hoosier Vagabond
LONDON, Oct. 3.~Most of you know those funny army-life cartoons about “Private Breger,” which ran In ‘the Saturday Evening Post for about a year,
| Well, ‘the father of those cartoons is over. here now.’ ow His name is Dave Breger, and he’s a sergeant now.
-Sergt, Breger and four other soldiers’ are’ the European corresporidents for the “Yank,” published in New York. ‘They send back os. photos and cartoons. They travel under special orders giving them complete freedom fromi army routine, but sometimes the orders are ignored. You probably read about Breger going to one camp to make some cartoons, ‘and getting put on kitchen police duty. ° But outside of that one misBab, Breger. has almost the same freedom as a civilian. His hours are not regimented, and he has entree into any military post he wishes to visit. : + Breger now does a weekly panel for “Yank,” an oecasional one for the Stars & Stripes here, and a daily cartoon for syndication at home. He. also-takes pho-
tographs for “Yank,” and does odd Jobs of art work -
for various army sections that Teqtiest it. He's. .a
busy soldier.
He Looks Like His Cartoons, Too
HE SPENDS one week traveling around the cainpé; and the next week holed ‘up in his room here in London. During that one week he draws enough cartoons \ to last two weeks. Bréger: 100ks a 4 vate Breger,” bit he’s. much bigger. feet 11 and weighs around 175. His face is round, his hair ‘thinning, and he wears coloridss tortoiserimmed glasses. He looks tough in his uniform, but like most artists his hands are almost feminine.
eat deal like his cartoon of “Pri-
y magazine
He stands 5°
“By Ernie Pyle]
Breger is: 34, Bas hoi madeled wits’ thg, pusty year, and has recently received word that he is going| to become a father. His wife is in New York. His name is pronounced with a short “e,” as in “egg.” He says nine-tenths of the people he meets think his name is “Berger.” He just lets it 20. . Breger doesn’t smoke, and drinks very little. At first he gives the appearance of being shy and formal, put that is soon over. Be Whensto Salk, and he talks well,’
He Draws From Eaperionce.
HE 1S A GENTLE-MANNERED man, very sensi tive to bluntness in others,-and army life has been hard for him to take. I've found that true with many soldiers of his education and mentality. 'Rreger says that once or twice he has been close to the breaking point, but by now he’s so well onto the ways of army life that he ican take it.
Breger’s parents were Russian. They arrived in}
America just a few weeks before Dave was born. . Breger’s father runs a sausage factory in Chicago. Dave worked for his father a while, and it was Dave who: thought up that slogan, “Our wurst is the best.” He ‘went to: Northwestern and majored in psycholpgy. After college he knocked around the world a pit, through Africa and Russia. Breger never had an art lesson. He just had a hanker for cartooning. Five years ago he left the sausage factory, went to. New York, and started freelancing. The first three years were nip and tuck: Then just as he began to catch on and .see smooth sailing ahgad, the army caught on too, and he was drafted. That was 18 months ago. * The army sent him to Louisiana and made a truck repairman out of him, He spent six months down there in training, working on trucks, digging latrine ditches, plowing through mud on maneuvers. When he draws “Private Breger” doing hard and humiliating jobs in the army, he draws from long, tough experience
Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum
PROFILE OF THE WEEK: Dr. George Walker Buckner, editor of the World Call, international magazine of the Disciples: of Christ; an energetic, good humored, down-to-earth churchman who is one of the town’s most’ widely informed students of international affairs. Dr. Buckner is just 49, in fact celebrated his 48th birthday day before yesterday. He’s about 5 feet, 6 or 7, weighs probably 145. _Baldish, he has a graying fringe of hair, and sparkling blue eyes that are highly expressive. He walks with a hurried gait, usually runs upstairs. Precise in his language, -he laughs easily and often, has a subtle sense of — humor, enjoys nothing more than Dr. Buckner 2 lively bit of repartee, at which he is a master. He has an ‘amazing knowledge of most any subject you ‘may bring up. And when he gets on a subject in. which he’s interested, he hangs on like a bulldog. You may: be able to draw him off temporarily, but.you can count on him swinging back to it—and mowing down your arguments,
Warks Best Under: Pressure
RESTLESS, HE GOES: visiting around the United Christian Missionary offices more than any three other persons, sits on a corner-of a desk or stands with his. hands {in his pockets while thinking or talking. A putter-offer, he works best under pressure. If he has an article to write, or a speech fo p vhe’s likely to put it off until niidnighf of the night, before he has to have it. ; :Born in Pike county, Missouri, the son of a clergyman, he agrees with Champ Clark’s definition of a gentleman: “He: must be. from Pike county, a Democrat and a Campbellite.” After ‘studying at Southport university in England and Langenburg Gymnasium Schule: in Germany, he got his A. B. and A. M. Stockton college, He received his D. D. from Hastings college in 1925, and his Ll. D.'from Gulver-Stockion in 1940. After filling pulpits in Missouri and at Hastings,
Washington
! WASHINGTON, Oct. 3.—1It is a debatable question, but a number of Washington newspapermeén believe that President Roosevelt placed ‘excessive censorship restrictions on his coast-to-coast tour just completed.
We were informed that the ‘trip. would be undertaken, but that it was not to be , mentioned’ until it was over. Finally a concession was made to permit three newspapermen to accompany the president to repre- . sent the entire ‘American - press. . Mr. Roosevelt says he personally went over their dispatches and added agyeral touches to them himself.
4 Newspédperimen and radio com- ‘ mentators all complied 100 per cent with the White House order that no discussion of the trip take place until its completion. * Many of us, however, felt it was an unreasonable application of the so-called: voluntary censorship. i We are all American citizens and are concerned ‘with the success of the war. We also recognize fully the necessity of protecting the president's safety. The
only question raised in this case is whether the re- °
strictions went beyond the point necessary. Some feel that a precedent is being established that will carry cénsorship beyond the point of Seeueity Tequirements into a broader field.
It Damages Confidence
© ALL OF US have discussed these questions at great. length among ourselves during the last two. weeks, Some of us feel that a middle ground might have been taken without interfering with security. Wi yrtiuhey vik was \aken) Wien She preésding lot
SAN FRANCISGO, Friday. When I was; in: ‘San Diego on Wednesday, 1 visited one hospital which was unique. at the. naval air supply-base, it fs © not a sovernment ‘hospital. The navy paid. for the : “and navy doctors give their servdees free. It is known as the family ‘hospital and is open to navy
——— from all over this
| Sn.
egrees at Culver=-
Neb., he taught at Hastings college, preached at Grand Rapids, and became editor of the World Call in 1935. Three years later he was a delegate to the World Missionary conference at Madras, India, where he became a friend of Nehru, and learned to like Chinese foods. At present, he’s a member of the executive committee of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America,
Dotes on Green Beans
HE LIKES SOUTHERN dishes best of all, particularly gfeen beans cooked with side meat. He usefl to have his own garden and for several years he raised nothing but green beans. He likes to get breakfast himself, fixes bacon and eggs, toast and coffee. Particular about his eggs, he bastes them very carefully. When he was in school, he played hockey, and he still has a scar from it over his left eye. He used to play golf and tennis, and will play bridge occasionally, but only to be accommodating. He walks quite a lot, but not from choice. Riding on a bus or streetcar makes him carsick. Movies bore him, and he cares little for radio. He enjoys opera, attends the Cincinnati - opera every year. ;
Mashes His Fingers
. HIS REAL HOBBY is reading, . especially articles on foreign affairs and race relations. He reads the New York Times religiously, cover to cover, daily and Sunday, He enjoys driving his car, can change a tire, but it’s pretty painful. It’s hard for him to drive a nail without mashing his finger. He loves to play with his grandchildren, Priscilla and Julie ‘Jackson, aged 2 and 1. : His friends tease him about his habit of forgetting his belongings. It's seldom that he starts a trip that hé doesn’t have to return at least once for something he’s forgotten. In fact, his memory is so bad that once while they were living in a small town and his eldest daughter, Mrs. Philip Jackson, was an. infant, he wheeled her downtown in her baby carriage and left her outside a store while he ‘made a purchase. He got clear home before he remembered her. *. Then he broke, all records getting back downtown to find her.
By Raymond Clapper
the White House to travel nearly 9000 miles around the county. He was seen by thousands of people. In communities that he visited word of his presence spread quickly. =~ Newspaper offices in those communities were compelled to maintain ‘complete silence.» They could not even print any explanation or hint of why they were silent. Newspaper offices were deluged with inquiries. In some instances newspapers were accused of carrying political animosity to the point of suppressing news about the president. ; Some here, and this is not limited to newspapermen, feel that such supptession for so long tends to damage confidence not only in the newspapers, but in the completeness of the news that the govern--ment gives out.
His Own : Definition!
INA MESSAGE noting the observance of national newspaper. week Mr, Roosevelt says: “War imposes
grave new responsibilities on all of us, but upon nol
public: servant does the responsibility for truth and integrity ‘rest more. heavily than upon the press. Theirs is the duty of keeping the people fully and truly informed.” The restrictions Buch as were placed on this trip make it difficult for the American press to carry on in the Spirit-of the president's own definition of the function of a wartime press Neyspapermen in Washington ‘have been sitting on a hot egg for two weeks and they have been most unhappy about it. Full, immediate publication would have been dangerous. Publication: might: haye been :permitted with less delay without revealing the president’s itinerary. “Most of all there is apprehension lest the practice be expanded to cover other officials and other. news. devélopments,. with ‘ the consequence of still : further SecEgetust le, oyeaingoaten ot a iffos piel
By Eleanor Roosevelt ]
tion. ? Admiral Boone: Wola. me that: Shey hadi lefetm
With Result of Visit ~ To Indiana. Fairs, =
By DANIEL M. KIDNEY ; Times Staff Writer WASHINGTON, Oct. 3. — Rep. Charles A.” Halleck (R. Ind.) went home to Rensselaer during the August recess of Congress, With. him went that wise/and witty Washington philosopher from Indiana— Labert St. Clair, They took in all the county fairs in the Second congressional district. And they came back here pop-eyed regarding. the reaction of the farmers, workers and other common folks regarding the war and our part in it. Puzzling over what he had heard throughout the month of September, Rep. Halleck decided that it ‘was too good to keep. - So he has written a report regarding his county fair researching ‘and will tell fhe world about it via radio Monday night. The subject of his remarks will be
-lentitled “The People Can Take It.”
The broadcast will be over station WGN Chicago, at 8:30 p. m. (C. W. T.). It will be on other Mutual network stations at 7:15 p. m. (C. W. T.) Here is how. his office announced the program: “The viewpoints of the. people in the present war and the unfulfilled obligations of the national administration toward them wijl be discussed by Mr. Halleck. ... “He recently returned to Washington from a visit among his Indiana constituents. Since his return he has been discussing ‘the national situation with his colleagues from other parts of the country and observing - the activities of | leaders of the war effort in the government. “From these conversations and observations at home and in Washington, he" proposes to state some facts and draw some conclusions.” » t J »
A Stanch Willkieite
Wendell Willkie, the ‘New York Hoosier who polled 22 million votes as the G. O.'P. presidential candi-
Republican party officials. For during her visit to national headquarters: here this week, Mrs. Grace: ‘Reynolds, Cambridge City, Ind, a Republican national vice chairman, made it quite clear that she still thinks that the former Democrat did a great deal to restore life to the almost moribund Republican party and deserves considerable credit for what she predicts ‘will be a midwest G. O. P. victory in the congressional races Nov. 3. “I admit that Mr. Willkie hasn't been much of an organization man,” Mrs. Reynolds said. “Of course I always have been an organization woman and "appreciate how the people within the organization feel about some of the things he does and says. “But ‘he polled more votes than anyone we could have picked in 1940 and deserves complete credit for carrying the state of Indiana. We musn’t. forget those things, even if we do not completely agree with him all the time.” » » »
Mr. Willkie Chided
front” statement made in ‘Moscow drew bitter sarcasm from Rep. John E. Rankin (D. Miss.) in the Cornigressional Record this week. He said in part: ¢ “It is rather distressing to note the confusion that has grown up as a result of Wendell Willkie’s talk in Moscow, especially the misunderstanding that seems to have been created in both Mascow and London. They evidently do not understand Mr. Willkie’s technique of ‘campaign oratory.’ “One trouble is that the Euglish do not seem to appreciate a joke— they never could. But my advice to them would be to follow their mili-
what they ‘are doing. “Of , it. maybe supposed by some people that the English do not know. anything about the continent away from it, and should have some
experts afar off... .-
president for them in 1940.” - - HOLD' EVERYTHING
from men now at war in’ various parts of the Pacific, YU
which express: their gratitude and relief at knowning |' a new baby had been safely brought into the world,{ child or wife had been seen through ‘some |
or of a
Takes Air Wondey i
date in 1940, still has one stanch| friend: at least among high-ranking
Mr. Willkie’s “lets open a second
tary leaders, who seem to" know|
of Europe, because they are 20 miles long-distance advice from - military |’
“I think a lot. of this criticism is ay coming from the Republicans who{" = never did appreciate our services to|> nd ay them in nominating Mr. J icie tor | 3
INSTALLMENT XVIII—PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE IT MUST NOW: be recognized by military scientists that the waging of modern war on a total basis involves simultaneous action on a number of different levels. This is ‘not only a war of machines and supply lines but also a war of ideas, and when the history of our times is finally written it may be proven that the most.important auxiliary to the big bomber was not the panzer division but those ghostly elements which wagg war for possession. of
the human mind.
This unique combat column, whose ammunition is words and whose net is a skillful entanglement of ideas, goes generally under the name-of psychological warfare. The question is not whether our nlitary leaders should
recognize it—but whether they dare ignore it. On the - record. alone, there are often {imes when psycho-
logical warfare is the most potent weapon in the entire
arsenal of Mars. Military propaganda, like any other task force, should be related to a timed objective which is part of the master plan of operation. It is as much : a part of tactics : as the big how- : itzers, the airraft carriers, or : our fleets of bombers. Every mili-
tary advance.
should be preceded and accompanied by a ' barrage of propWilliam B. Ziff ' aganda aimed at disrupting the enemy, and un-dér-mining his faith in his cause and the strength and honor ‘of his leaders. Any activity which tends to promote fear, disunity, hysteria, and disintegration, or leads to dissatisfaction and revolt, is a desirable one. The German authorities have. through every means impressed on -the German people that they belong. to a superior race, that
they are utterly invincible. The reality will come as a tremendous:
shock when literal hell is bombed out of them. The contrast be-
tween :fact and fiction is a psy-’ chological maze in which the Ger--
man morale must lose its way and: collapse. Every aerial attack should be accompanied by leaflets and preceded and followed by the. “blasts of “radio “vbites, reminding the Germans of their crimes and holding out. the absolute certainty of punishment.
Could Arouse Germans
IT SHOULD be easy to destroy
the faith of the German mass in -the -omniscience of its leaders. The continuous Hitler assurances of “final victory” to come next month - or next year are ample evidence of the apprehension held
by the German rulers ‘on the
morale front. There are reports of hysteria, of tremendous public weariness, and of enormous fear among the German population. The only thing which holds the reich together today is the expectation of final victory. - When the Germans have been caused to. believe that their expectation of
HUSBAND HELD IN WIFE'S DEATH |
Confession by Ex-Allison Guard Is Claimed in Rifle Slaying.
triumph is a vain one, the be‘ginning of the end will be in sight. In conjunction with our air and sea attacks ‘on Nippon also, we can. use psychological warfare with" deadly effect. Despite the feudal circumstances under which Japan is governed, the veneration of the emperor's household and the enormous patriotism which verges on the fanatic, Japan is far from impregnable to a war of ideas. By an ably handled effort it can be put on’ the’ defensive and gradually disintegrated ‘from within. It should not be forgotten that 5,000,000 Chinese live and grumble on strategic. Formosa. Here is the nucleus for a powerful fifth column. Korea, too, still retains its ‘historical enmity ‘for the conqueror. In Manchukud the rule of the Jgpanese bureaucrat and soldier has resulted in many irritations. ‘his area is ripe for insurrection. The Japanese ' cannot avoid knowing what the result must be if and when the two great axis partners face each :other across the boundaries of ‘central ' asia. Their conflicting ambitions can be played on. now, and the natural ~suspicion with which they regard each other can be exploited for all it is worth, -
Must Split is
- WE.CANNOT BEGIN foo early in. an. effort - aimed at splitting -Germany from her allies. The various nations. in the = axis are known : to fear and detest .each other. The disorganization, the ‘disillusionment, and the unhap-
piness of Fascist Italy, of Hungary,
Rumania, and the other satellites ' of the German reich, should all’ be patiently = and .systematically nurtured. All Europe is a hotbed in which fear and animal weariness. vie with hatred and the desire for violence. At .the very first. hint
of .German defeat, says Harsch,’
*“the subject. populations. would . rise in a fury and not one of these . Germans who are living off their ‘backs, would remain alive.”
The whole continent is ripe for
propaganda direction that can be told by radio, by word of mauth,
and any one of the numerous"
ways which the complex art of psychological warfare has developed. Sabotage, insurrection, and assassination are today merely spontaneous actions on the part. of individuals, of small groups of men, or. the: larger
' guerrilla armies ‘which Operate: he. 2
: THIS CURIOUS WORLD
A
hind the German lines in Serbia. Poland, Russia, and Greece. Nohe of these men have any cohesive direction, . It is possible to lead and direct this huge spontaneous movement which rises out of the instincts and hatreds of the dispossessed. Agents may ‘be .landed among these ‘people by parachute, and they will be harbored and protected.
Want Bitter Truth
WHATEVER MEANS we devise must at least be related to the military scheme—it cannot be concerned” with mere garrulous platitudes. What, for example, must be the reaction of those rebellious’ bitter men who are putting. up a. last-ditch guerrilla fight in the hills and forests of Poland, Greece, and Jugoslavia, when they read & document like the Atlantic charter? Can’ a man who has been tortured, whose home . has been burned over his, head, whose women have been degraded, and who. has passed through ‘the” hell of German sadism and cruelty, be ennobled by the promise to secure for the guardhtees. against territorial changes and ‘access: on: equal terms to the trade and to the raw materials of the world which are needed - for their economic prosperity” after the war is over? What these ruined pegple want is hard, bitter talk related exactly to their’ own problems. They want to be ‘told exactly what to do. These exhortations to democracy and morality are very nice, but they do not fit’ in: with major problems, which: is. that -of winning a war. What possible effect can. the Atlantic charter have on the Nazi German himself? ‘Is'he not given every assurance which ‘good morale ‘demands?’ ‘Whatever folly of appeasement the : traditional sentimentality. of’ the: great Eng-lish-speaking nations may lead us into after the war, it is psychologically unsound to-offer it now. The first rule of war is to destroy the énémiy—nof give him hope—and any instrument which assists in that design is useful. If we.do not take mn aggressive, shrewd, cold stand on this ques-
tion we will find ourselves in full -
retreat on the psychological Sa), fron)
+hecause ; the. Germans. and .- Japanese: have: long . since. or.
thelr positions for an attack in
force on Co this Line. ®: Bn 8
Psychological’ Effects
IN" OUR’ COUNTRY and, indeed, in the united nations generally, with the excéption of a few
half-hearted : efforts : which have either continuity nor power, no
redl attempt is‘imade along this line. ' All ‘of - these ‘_ainor efforts could easily’ he discarded in favor
“of’ a gigantic bureau of psycho-
Jogical warfare, directly associated
“with the planned air offensive.
American psychologists, sociologists, and other thinkers have led the world. If these men were inducted into the American war machiné, it would have a tremehdous effect in’ shoitening the
Hh Wiliam _Farguon
2 Al POE IN: |e a aire! L LSoNITION a
period of the war and in guar
anteeing: that - victory we seek.: They do not require any involved apparatus, - All they need is a room with a table and some chairs, pencils, and some paper, If we can fashion our entire nation into one total war-making apparatps, we could then bring this-struggle to an end within the smallest possible compass of time. Nothing could withstand the crushing weight of our will and of our industrial strength totally applied. The decisive ferocity of onslaught by which we would claim our triumph would be as nothing compared. with the rivers ofgblood which will run, and mountains of commodities which will be ‘cone sumed if this war goes on interminably as a slow agony of outrage and corrosion. But to accomplish this result—to get away from our softness and individual selfseeking—is not easy. It requires a strong hand and a_ hard leadership. Like a’ soldier in the fleld, a nation in war must be'toughened up, not pampered. It must be told bluntly that victory will not be easy and that every man, - Woman and Shue gist pay for” *
our Time Is Short
THE AMERICAN, PEOPLE are beginning to understand this and to realize how short our time really is. The restlessness proceeding from this slowly dawning realization is apparent wherever one turns -and Wherever men. speak out. They want action and are prepared to make whatever sacrifice it calls for. If we require an incentive as we gird ourselves for battle, we might keep before our eyes ‘the drawn gray face of that great American artillery officer, Eddie King, marching solemnly down a hot, dusty Bataan road, a white flag clutched in his hands. Or the terrible fate of the European women ‘who fell into the hands of the ‘Japanese with the capitulation of Hongkong. : We could gaze with ‘benefit at the deliberate plundering of all Europe by the Nazi uebermenschen, at the brutality, eruelty, debauchery, and degradation which have followed the trail of the hooked ‘cross wherever its standards have rested. We cannot risk this dreadful picture assuming’ reality on our own shores. We must make. up our minds to it: There will be-no peace until the power of Berlin and Tokyo has been utterly annihilated. If we strike now, placing our last ounce of skill, determination, and resource into. that crowning ‘tribute to American combat genius, the invincible armada of the air, Hitler must fall and drag with him the island citadels, of the mikado. ; On that day, the lazy lrcling of olive-painted American wings over the black, smoldering cities of the Nazi reich. dnd of Nippon ‘will proclaim a final end to the mad and lustful bid for power by these outlaw states. (THE END)
i 943, by Bie: + uiGopy ght, EL be Pio illiam if: ; Sh
German dggressor °
fiststbuted y hited Feature 8;
DEFEND PLACES ON wi vi
Ministers. Say, - Trial of the padlock petition, seek- 5
ing to close permanently the cafe
and pool room of Joe Mitchell on Indiana. ave. has become a contest of testimony regarding the reputa= tion of the establishments. Ta More than 30 witnesses for the state last week testified that the
yesterday for the defense that they have seen no law violations in the