Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 August 1942 — Page 5

U.S. SCIENTISTS}

Clipper Investigators Who Try to Study Problems Between Planes Threaten Hemisphere

Friendships.

By ALLEN HADEN Copyright. 1942, by The Indianapolis Times ind The Chicago Daily News, Inc.

. BELEM, Para, Brazil (Via Clipper).—Before any in-|& telligent commercial use can be made of the vast potential resources of South America, United States science in govern-|§

ment and private research groups must attack the problem at least as sensibly as they would attack it in the United

States itself. Oswaldo Aranha once threatened that another good will mission would cause Brazil to declare war on the

United States. American resi-

dents here, knowing what American science does at home, are ready to declare ® private war on airclipper scientists ostensibly surveying “scientifically” i: anything from i vegetable oil seeds to rubber in 10 days flat. The first requirement is that an investigation of any given article should be made with 4 modMr. Haden icum of ¢ommon sense. We did not develop pur apples in the northwest, or the citrus fruits of Florida and, California, or the corn of Iowa in 10 days or in 10 months, If we want to develop vegetable oils in Brazil or Paraguay, the same thoroughness we require at home should be applied. Time Is Chief Requirement

Careful investigation of plant habits and. diseases is essential with ample time and with proper equipment, building up a museum of findings and a library of everything . possibly obtainable written on the subject. That’s where the Germans have been ahead of us in South America. German industry is often praised to the skies without drawing the lesson—that it is the result of many years of work, painstaking scientific research, minute classification of "specimens, careful cataloging of whatever has been printed. Such foresight is often dismissed flippantly as “long range” and “impractical.” But it is essential to our own ‘interest to have foresight. Had we had the foresight to in-

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‘vestigate thoroughly South Amerts can resources of chrome, manganese, mica, quartz, oil seeds, we would have an easier time obtaining these essentials now.

Loans Aren’t the Answer

Export-Import bank loans do not meet the purpose, for as a general |B

rule, the people are producing all they can by ancient rule-of-thumb methods on empiric knowledge. An intelligent and thorough scientific mobilization of South American resources requires meeting at least 17 conditions: 1. Investigation should be on a permanent basis. There will be other crises after this war. 2. It should be done in co-opera-tion with such local scientific organizations, private or government, as exist in South America.

3. Experts should not apply the psychology of swift air travel tof

scientific investigations. Stay Around ;a While

4. Investigators should unpack their bags and figure on staying in |g

South America semi-permanently.

That is, whatever time the work re- |E

quires. Any organization which

maintains a foreign service will teil |&

you that the first year abroad a man is practically useless. 5. The investigator should learn at least the rudiments of Spanish,

if he comes to Spanish America, |

French if he goes to Haiti, Portuguese if he comes to Brazil. 6. Investigators should go: to school for a short period before

coming abroad to live. The Peruvi-|§

ans have a verb, “gringear.” It means to act like a gringo; to be stupid, ignorant, act boorishly. The word should not be deserved.

Aid Both Americas

7. If an investigator thinks the}

people of any foreign country are

ignoramuses, he should stay atif

home. If he says so, he is useless.

If he thinks so, it will show on his

face and in his manners. 8. Being semi-permanently located,

investigators should work always|§ with a double-barreled intention of | [i

assisting the country they are in

as well as the United: States. That |} puts us one ahead of the Germans |f who exported their findings to Ger- :

many. / 9. Investigators should share their || notes, good or bad, with the local scientists with whom they work. 10. Investigators should | collect

herbariums for all possible plants, |

useful or no. Help Build Libraries

11. Make collections of bugs, birds, snails, rocks, woods, yea, even the little fishes of the sea—for permanent reference to know what they

are doing and for those who come |}

after them. ‘12. Build up permanent libraries, easily cataloged. Most South American countries have lots of "books

which are almost 100 per cent use- |

less, since libraries operate on a system so antiquated that one cannot get at them. 13. Discard any racial coneepls,

14. Local knowledge and science |f

should be drawn on, humbly. There is a cream of fine brains distributed by chance and fate who have worked selflessly for their adopted countries. Most of them are Swiss, Ger-

mans, Frenchmen. They are now

all old men. 15. Teach—after having learned.

16. Stick to work rather than|f§

whiskey.

we 17. Don’t reform. Nothing isi§

wholly bad.

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