Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 July 1942 — Page 2

ORDINATION OF AIRPOWER GAVE U.S. MIDWAY VICTORY

Submarine Administered ~ The Coupe de Grace to

Flaming Jap Carrier. (Continued from Page One)

mated 2756 enemy aircraft were destroyed or lost at sea. Approximately 4800 Japanese soldiers, sailors and aviators were killed or drowned. : America’s comparatively insignificant losses included damage to the aircraft carrier Yorktown and loss of the destroyer Hammann. Personnel losses were 92 officers and 215 men. The communique did not list total American plane losses (it mentioned 33), but they apparently were extremely light.

2 Victories in a Month

The Midway victory which sent more than 100,000 tons of Japanese ships to the bottom, followed by a little less than a month the American victory in the Coral sea. The Midway battle has been described as a “continuation” of that action off northern Australia. Fifteen enemy ships were sunk in the Coral sea and many others were "damaged. The two major defeats for. the Japanese, coming -s0 close together, may have a lasting effect on the Japanese war effort, naval authorities agreed. They believed it would be impossible for Japan to assemble such an invasion force again for months and said the two battles had swung the balance of naval and air power in the Pacific sharply to the side of the United States. Admiral Ernest J. King, com-mander-in-chief of the U. 8. navy, "said while the Midway battle still was in progress that its outcome - probably would determine the course of the war in the Pacific for at least a year. From the details of the battle now assembled it is obvious that the victories ended for some time a Japa- . nese threat to Hawaii and may have prevented an attack in force on Alaska, the Panama canal or the American mainland.

2 Hoosiers Are Heroes

The navy’s communique was re- - plete with tales of heroism—Malj. Lofton R. Henderson of Gary, Ind., a marine officer who crashed his

This official U. 8. navy photo to extinguish a blaze aboard the

had been struck by a Japanese bomb during the battle of Midway.

shows a fire fighting detail working aircraft carrier Yorktown, after she

or more sunk.

now stand at 303-—including 60 war-

sunk; 17 warships and 19 non-com-batant vessels probably sunk, and 63 warships and 42 non-combatant vessels damaged. ; Battle Is Complex

way battle was a “complex and active participants are unable to give accurate accounts of the damage inflicted. The battle started at 9 a. m. on

plane down the stack of a Japanese| ;,,ne 3 when American naval patrol

carrier; another who crashed into a Japanese ship rather than bail

planes discovered the enemy 700

out; a squadron of torpedo bombers in five columns. Army flying fortwhich carried out an attack with rosses attacked immediately, scor-

out support at a cost of 15 out of 16 planes and 20 out of 30 fliers. One of those lost in this squadron was Ensign William R. Evans of Indianapolis. The battle also marked a highspot in co-operation among the armed ~ forces. In contrast to Pearl Harbor, the armed forces were ready. “No plane was caught grounded at Midway,” the communique said. It was recalled that an undisclosed nummer of planes were destroyed on the ground during the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in December. “Alert navy, army and marine corps pilots, patrolling a far-flung ‘beat’ over the Pacific detected ap-

ing hits on a cruiser and transport. From then on there was no letup as the different services, using vir

tually every type of craft, carried

on a “shuttle relay of destruction.”

Navy “Catalina” planes—ponder-

ous flying boats—attacked by moonlight the same night, scoring two

torpedo hits on large enemy ships and probably sinking one. Heavy Damage Inflicted At dawn June 4, army medium and heavy bombers and U. 8. marine corps dive bombers and torpedo planes continued the attack.

U. S. casualties were fairly heavy, but the damage the fliers inflicted

proach of the Japanese fleet, kept was terrific—“‘one torpedo hit on a

it under surveillance while coming ‘in range, and then united to deal the enemy nearly annihilating blows in the battle of Midway,” the navy department said in a supplementary statement praising the co-ordina-tion of the fighting services.

Four Carriers Sent Down

This is the navy’s recapitulation of the -damage inflicted on enemy ships: Four Japanese aircraft carriers— the Kaga (26900 tons), Akagi (26900 tons), Soryu (10,500 tons) and Hiryu (10,500 tons)—sunk. Three battleships damaged by bomb and torpedo hits, one severely. Two heavy cruisers—the Mogami (8500 tons) and Mikuma, (8500 tons) ~—gunk; three others damaged, one or two severely. One light cruiser damaged. » Three destroyers sunk and several others damaged by bombs. At least three transports or aux-

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carrier” , , . “Three hits on a carrier” . . enemy battleship, which was left smoking and listing” , . hits on enemy carriers. One carrier was left smoking heavily.”

. “Two bomb hits on an

. “Three

Midway was attacked on June 4 by Japanese hombers. Most marine planes already were at sea seeking contact with the enemy. A few fighters were left. Although badly outnumbered, those remaining accounted for at least 40 enemy planes and others were damaged. The material damage to Midway's installa-

abling.” The Japanese forces did not appear at that time to be checked. Although at least 10 of their 80 ships were badly damaged. But in reality, 48 hours of this were too much for the Japanese who turned tail while American planes were refueling and rearming. That was fairly costly for the United States, for many of her fliers were forced down at sea—using up gasoline in a search for the ships. Only One Man Rescued

Meanwhile, an American aircraft

for | narrier force was being brought into

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position. ‘It was then that a flight of 15 torpedo planes found the enemy and attacked repeatedly until all of their planes were shot down.: Only one man—Ensign G. H, Gay Jr. of Houston, Tex., survived. He was rescued while floundering in the ocean. He reported torpedo hits on some of the ships.

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iliary ships were damaged and one Losses in the Midway battle bring the announced ship casualties for the United States in the Pacific to 46—28 sunk, nine scuttled and nine damaged. Japanese ship casualties

ships and 93 non-combatant vessels

In the navy’s own words the Mid-

widespread action” and even the

tions, “though serious, was not dis-|

“Fifteen torpedo planes from this

the westward and proceeded to at-

assistance of any kind” the communique said.

and although some enemy fighters were shot down, the total damage inflicted by this squadron in this attack may never be known. None of these 15 planes returned.

Japs in Two Formations

been located. In spite of heavy

of the enemy fighters and antiaircraft batteries to such a degree

ference. dive bombers scored many hits and during this phase of the action inflicted upon the enemy the following damage:

aircraft carriers, were severely damaged. Gasoline in planes caught on

rier had suhk. “(B) Two hattleships were hit. One was left burning fiercely. “(C) One destroyer was hit and is believed to have sunk.” The Japanese had been approaching in two formations.

west in five columns. A carrier (attack) force was sweeping in from the north out of protection of lowhanging clouds. 7 The Yorktown, one of the navy’s fastest carriers, was hit the afternoon of June 4. Despite fighter plane protection and an intense anti-aircraft fire, a few enemy torpedo planes scored direct hits. She

Hiryu. Yorktown Attack Described

the Yorktown:

dropped.

protection. Of these seven, one was

plunged after it; while a third was torn to shreds by machinegun fire from U. S. fighter planes. Four enemy bombers escaped after scoring three direct hits.

attacked the Yorktown. Between

before they could launch their torpedoes.

pedoes but all five were destroyed as they attempted to escape. The

sault and put out of action” Midway Shelled June 5

on the smoking carrier 8oryu, causing the ship to burst into flames.

(Gay's) group located the enemy to §

tack at once without protection or:

“Although some hits were re-|: ported by radio from these airplanes | 3

“Other carrier-based groups of § torpedo planes proceeded to press § the attack after the enemy had g

losses during these attacks, the tor-|& pedo planes engaged the attentions

that our dive bombers were able to|8 miles west of Midway, approaching|drop bomb after bomb on the enemy ships without serious inter-|& As the result, the navy|s

“(A) The Kaga, Akagi and Soryu,|§

their fight decks ignited, starting|® fires which burned until each car-|=

An occupation force was sweeping in from the!

was listing badly and, although planes could not land on her, her|® planes, using other carriers, were|§ able to sink the enemy carrier|s

The navy described the attack on|3

“Seven got through our fighter disintegrated by a surface ship’s|S

anti-aircraft fire; a second dropped|= its bombload into the sea and|s

“Shortly afterward 12 to 15 enemy |= torpedo planes escorted by fighters|=

four and seven of this group were|= destroyed by our fighters and three|= were shot down by anti-aircraft fire|§

“Five succeeded in launching tor-|=S

Yorktown was hit during this as-|®

On the same afternoon, a U. 8.8 submarine scored three torpedo hits|=

The Soryu sank during the |

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night. Army bombers on the aft-|S ernoon of the same day blasted an- |! other carrier, and smashed several |= | warships. = By sundown June 4 the U. S.|= forces had complete mastery of the air in the Midway sector. On June 5, a Japanese submarine shelled Midway briefly, but caused no damage, By then enemy forces were scattered wildly and were in full retreat. Despite unfavorable flying weather, flying fortresses again contacted the enemy and scored further hits. That afternoon the big fortresses thundered again to the attack. 3 ‘By June 6 the battle was almost]: over—the enemy had fled out of range. However, long-range bomb-| ers continued to look for the feet. It was during one of those searches that Maj. Gen. Clarence L. Tinker, commander of the American air|§ § forces at Hawaii, was lost when his - plane was forced down at sea many

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