Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 June 1942 — Page 15

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THURSDAY. JUNE 4 1942

Washington WASHINGTON, 35-year-old governor in Minnesota. lican, now running for a third term. When I was president of the Gridiron club in 1839, Gov. Stassen made the Republican speech at one of our dinners. It was one of the best we ever heard. Its wit and wisdom made it a sensation at the time and caused the Republicans to make him their keynoter at the 1940 Republican national convention which, in spite of itself, was forced to nominate Wendell Willkie for president. Gov. Stassen has a reserve commission in the navy and will go into active service as soon -as the next session of the Minnesota legislature is over. I mention these facts to show that Gov. Stassen is no hot-house intellectual but an experienced, practical grass-roots politician, one of the relatively few Republicans who has been smart enough to make a success at the business during the last few years Gov. Stassen made a Memorial day address to a Baptist convention at Cleveland which is important, it seems to me, not only because of its content, but because it was made by a successful Republican governor from the Middle West. This is something up from the art ot the country. For that reason it nificant to me than what Eastern thinkers might Lave to offer.

Must Have Twin Objectives

THREADING HIS observations on Lincolns Gettysburg address, Gov. Stassen asked what the obiectives of this nation must be if those who die in this war are not to die in vain.

June 4—There's a big-framed, He's a Repub-

seems far more si

He said we must have twin objectives. First, win the war. Second, establish a peace “that will be a peoples’ peace’—a peace that will have a chance to endure. He observed that little question was raised about the first objective—victory. But he noted that, when the second objective of an enduring peace is raised, some say that must wait until the war is over. Gov. Stassen asks if we can safely wait. «If our peace is to be just,” he said, “would talking through fo it obstruct the best of our war effort? Surely not. Rather, if the pattern of our peace will be just, will knowledge of it not cause a greater contribution to the war effort, from South America and India and Burma and other lands?”

‘A Plan of Action in Peace’

IF THERE ARE differences among the united nations, that is all the more reason to Gov. Stassen why we should understand the program upon which this nation is giving its resources—“that we understand the basis on which millions of young men of America are going forth to war, many never to return.” , . He says this: “Heroic men can die upon the battlefiela in vain, because of what occurs after a war, as well as because of what happens during a war.” “I hope,” he said, “that one or two or three or four years hence, when Hitler and Tojo and Mussolini run up the white flag of surrender, there will have developed a plan of action in peace—understood and supported by the overwhelming majority of the people of this country, and understood and accepted by the people of the nations of our allies.” You say the governor is talking beautiful generalities? Yes. But he’s been thinking and he has some specific suggestions that sound like good practical guide-posts. They'll have to wait until tomorrow.

Ernie Pyle, in poor health for some time, has been forced to take a rest. However, he is expected to resume his daily column within a short time.

Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum

THE AGE-OLD GAME of trying to get something is pretiy popular around here, with druggists as players’ favorite victims. There's seldom a day goes by but what someone uses up $10 worth of ingenuity in an attempt to beat the drugst out of 10 cents. For instance, one of the ancient tricks that's still making the rounds is for the petty swindler to buy a nickels worth of gum, hand the druggist a quarter and receive 20 cents change. Palming another nickel into the hand, he protests: “Here, I gave vou a half and you gave me back 25 cents change. You must have thought this nickel was a quarter.” A little confused, the druggist usually gives in rather than to a scene. That's petty—not there's the more profitable nickel cigars and handing And then, after receiving “Oh, heres a dime I didn’t The next step is to hand the druggist the $10 bill and walk out with

for nothing still

the

gis

have v nd then ing a couple of a 10 bill , Saying:

Oil

ive back J CA

1 county made a nice The monthly bulletin of s 528 deaths and 851 births » net gain of 323. Must 1 idea of the war's effect

Hard-Hit Ruhr

BERN. June 4 —Indications from Germany and clues in the Swiss press today reflected the disastrous moral and material effect of the gigantic bombardments of Ruhr industrial centers by R. A. F. armadas. While official Nazi communiques ridicule the British revelations that the waves of bombers in each raid aggregated 1000 aircraft, the tendency of all German publications is to hide the real facts in order to keep up public as well as military morale It is pointed out that the Reich's recent mobilization of nearly 1000000 workers for the east front drew many men from 4 the now devastated areas and it 5 4 i would not be wise to spread the real facts too widely. An appreciation of the damage in the Ruhr may be had from the news that fearful of being deprived of Ruhr production in the near: future, the Germans are now trying to enforce their grip on Bohemia-Moravia, which houses the Skoda and other armament plants. Reprisals for the attempted assassination of the No. 2 Gestapo chief, Reinhard Hevdrich, infers a Berlin report to Der Bund of Bern vesterday, are being taken not only in vengeance. They are also aimed at completely securing protectorate and its resources for German

interests

the

Still More Giveaways

THAT RUHR PRODUCTION has been deleteridusly affected by the R. A. F. attacks is also intimated by todavs Gazette de Laussane, which asserts: ‘Meanwhile, one should not, in Switzerland, count too much on German coal deliveries.” Reich coal shipments to this country are already

My Day

NEW YORK CITY, Wednesday. — Yesterday morning I went to an exhibition at the Hotel Gotham branch of the Grand Central art gallery. This exhibition is for the benefit of scholarships in American citizenship at Barnard college, Columbia university It is fitting, therefore, that the portraits, sculptured heads and paintings should all feature American historical personages and scenes. There are some beautiful and interesting paintings with captions well worth reading. No one with an interest in our history should fail to see this exhibition, for many of the paintings are in private collections and may not often be seen by the public. I was glad to see the portrait of Samuel! Bard and wondered if it would inspire a few of our medical students to stop at the little Hyde Park church to see the memorial tablet there. Bard college also has interesting books and documents which once belonged to Dr. Samuel Bard. " Robert P. Livingston is in the collection and there are some interesting portraits of women I liked particularly the bust of James Monroe by Attilio Piccirilli. After I had seen the whole collection, I wandered into an adjoining room to look at

a very charming collection of landscapes,

on local industry here can be gained from the Power & Light Co. records. Last Saturday—Memorial day— the utility's power consumption was 29 per cent higher than for Memorial day a year ago. And the total consumption actually was more than fer any week day three years or so ago before the war began stimulating industry here. . Dick Miller reports that the Coliseum Corp. turned over something like £40000 to the state for eight months’ rental of the coliseum. That's not chicken feed.

Pearl and Dutch

THE BOMBING of Dutch Harbor threw a chill into most of us, but it didn't take long for the punsters to recover their poise and start wisecracking about the “twin sisters—Pearl and Dutch Harbor.” . One thing's sure: The Jap attack probably will stimulate activities of our local civilian defense groups. One of the groups that has been getting quite a bit of practice lately is the Red Cross canteen corps. The women in the corps got a phone call from their chairman, Mrs. L. E. Gausepohl at 7 the other morning with instructions to serve breakfast for a large group along Fall Creek three hours later. They had the breakfast ready at 10 a. m., cooking it over open fires. Ancther recent drill was to prepare lunch at the Ipalco hall, 16th and Alabama, and serve it hot at station WISH. The boys and girls at the station paid for it. The experience the girls are getting will be of- great value in case of some such disaster as a bombing or a tornado where there are large groups of destitute people to be fed. It also will come in handy in case of unexpected company on Sunday.

By Paul Ghali

in arrears to the amount of approximately 100,000 tons. Still another giveaway is a dispatch by the Berlin correspondent of the Tribune de Geneva. Speaking of the credit Germany opened with the Turks for war material, he indicates that the Turks have been warned in advance that execution of their orders would take “some time.” Pertinent is the belief here that even foreign correspondents in Berlin have been conveyed the Nazi advice that the “less said the better” about the Ruhr raids.

Allies Now in Top Spot

AN EDITORIAL IN the French Swiss Tribune de Laussane recalls the prophetical announcement of the Italian Gen. Giulio Douhet in 1930 that aviation would prove to be the decisive weapon in modern wars. Douhet, at the time, forecast three successive jobs for the air arm: (1) Destruction of the enemy's aviation in the first phases of the war on undefended airdromes; (2) Disorganization of troop concentrations and (3), Most important, repeated hammering of vital sources of production until the weakened, demoralized opponent falls on his knees. This paper stresses that if the Germans did show themselves specially brilliant in Poland and France, accomplishing Douhet’s two first moves, it looks now as if the allies are in a better position than the Nazis to undertake the third. It underlines the fact that the Rhineland, undoubtedly the most populous and richest German region, has no less than eight towns of around

500.000 inhabitants each and has vielded one quarter)

of Germany's industrial products. Tt contains a third of German heavy industry. produces three-fourths of Germany's pig iron and half of the steel needed for tanks and guns, together with a quarter of all Germany's chemical goods:

By Eleanor Roosevelt

tater I walked up to our 65th street houses thinking I would take a last look around to make suré that nothing was overlooked or neglected. but the doors were tightly closed and I was unable to enter. I lunched with a friend and returned to the apartment to see various people with whom I had appointments. My friend, Mrs. Franklin K. Lane Sr., has been staying here for a few days and I was delighted to have the opportunity yesterday afternoon to meet her young grandson, who is one of our neighbors in this part of the eity. Kaufman as a little boy and it was interesting to meet him now as a grown person with something reminiscent about him of his grandfather. In the evening I attended a dinner given to Dr. Alvin Johnson. The history of his attainments 1s one of such scholarship and of such variety of experience in different parts of the country that one is left with a feeling of gratitude that he is now a fellow citizen of the city of New York. I am thankful that he heads the new School for Social Research where, with his gifts of courage and appreciation for ability in different fields, he can make a contribution to liberal education which would not be possible for a man of less heroic mould. I hope he derived some pleasure from the many pleasant things which were said about him last night. At least, he must have recognized his friends who spoke from the heart.

i {

I remember young Lane

bombings, but the submarines them-

That Is Why They Staged Double Raid

Late last year United Press staff correspondent Lius C. Edelstein of the Was on Bureau made an extensive air tour of Alaskan defenses. He has reported insular gand, Aertitorial affairs Washington veral years. In ife following TL “he describes Dutch arbor, its geographic and military significance.

By JULIUS C. EDELSTEIN WASHINGTON, June 4 (U. P.) .—The naval base at Duten Harbor is the trigger of the pistol-shaped island of Unalaska which points at Tokyo and is loaded with promise of an offensive against the heart

of the Japanese Empire. That is why Japan attacked Dutch Harbor twice yesterday. Whatever her ultimate objectives may be—attacks on the United States mainland or a thrust at Siberia—she knew that Alaskan bases constitute a potential threat of large-scaled offensives against the Japanese mainland. From Dutch Harbor, poised at the dome of the North Pacific, it is 2500 miles—11 flying hours—to Tokyo, with plenty of intermediate stopovers. When this correspondent toured Alaskan defenses late in 1941, 1t was generally acknowledged that the Japanese would strike early at Dutch Harbor in case of war with the United States. It was believed the Japanese would try to smash those bases from which they themselves could be, and perhaps were, attacked.

= 2

Built Speedy Defense

THE QUESTION at that time was whether American defense workers and engineers could build fortifications fast enough to withstand an attack, when and if the blow-off should come. They worked day and night in the race against time. A combined air and submarine base was started at wind-swept

‘Navy patil glanss, ¢ similar to those based at Dutch yr Harior, fy past St. Elias on the Alaskan coast over terrain similar to that at Dutch Harbor, which the Japs bombed twice yesterday.

The radio towers at Dutch Harbor are shown in vague silhouette against a rugged shoreline.

Dutch Harbor late in 1939. By the end of 1941 it was approaching completion. The Japanese also recognized the strategic potentialities of the area by building a major base of their own at Paramushira, a Japanese island in the north Pacific less than 1500 miles from Dutch Harbor, and in the same relative position to Asia as Dutch Harbor is to North America. The weather in the Aleutian islands has been Dutch Harbor’s chief defense against attack up to now. It lies in a barrier chain of islands which divide the Arctic Rering sea from the North Pacific. Icy winds from the north alternate with warm currents from the South Pacific. One of these, the famed Japanese current, is very close. 2

Only Experts Can Fly

THE RESULT is a constant heavy fog which lies like an icy blanket on all the sea and air approaches to Dutch Harbor. Flying is impossible for any but the most experienced pilots. Even ships must lie at anchor or be dashed against jagged rocks and shoals. There is a special wind at Dutch Harbor which the natives call the willy-wa. It roars in from Unalaska bay at the rate of 80 miles

n 2

an hour, tearing the wings off planes and the masts off ships. There is an occasional let-up from this weather during the winter, but the only sustained stretch of favorable weather begins in late May and lasts only until August. The Russians discovered the island and settled it, subjugating the few hundreds of native Aleut Indians they found there, and then intermarrying with them. During the Alaska gold rush of 1898, Unalaska experienced its first great boom, when the island was used as a trans-shipment point for men and supplies moving across the great northern sea from Seattle to Nome. ”

Then Came New Boom

UNALASKA’S second and latest boom came when the thousands of soldiers, sailors and defense workers descended on the rocky island and began converts ing it into an Arctic Gibralter. Duteh Harbor is tightly locked

into Unalaska, almost like a Swiss lake. A great bay, Unalaska bay, leads into a smaller bay, Iliuliuk, which curves like a fishhook around a winding neck of land. At its inner tip is Dutch Harbor. Mines and submarines

” 2

RAF RAIDS AID IN WAR ON SUBS!

U-Boat Bases on French

Coast Attacked; Sites

Well Known.

WASHINGTON, June 4 (U. P) — The royal air force's increasing attacks on the. continent—especially attacks on French channel ports— are expected in informed quarters here to be of considerable help in overcoming the Nazi submarine! menace. The French channel ports are reported to contain most of the axis U-boat bases. Not only are submarine operations hampered by the

selves are attacked as they enter or leave the bases. The 1000-or-more homber attacks on industrial cities of the Reich

also should help. Although the Germans reportedly have been | building so many U-boats they have’ difficulty manning all of thém with experienced personnel, the number of replacements will be whittled down by the bombings of engine factories and shipyards.

Bases Are ‘Bombproof’

Locations of the German submarine bases are well known to the English, and although most of the submarine bases are supposed to be of concrete and steel “pombproof” construction, the heavy demolition bombs dropped on them are believed to have at least some destructive effect. Pictures of the bases reaching the United States show the sub shelters to be covered with at least eight feet of reinforced concrete. The air attacks, coupled with a constantly inereased patrol of our coastal waters, should bring a sharp decrease in the rate of sinkings by

late summer, naval experts hope. ¢

555-L6. Woman

Enters Prison

WASHINGTON, June 4 (U. P.). —One of the heaviest—if not the heaviest—prisoners ever lodged in a federal penal institution was confined today to the women’s reformatory at Alderson, W. Va. Justice department officials said

that 555-pound Anna Craig was sentenced to a two-year term for a liquor law violation by Federal Judge Sidney C. Mize at Biloxi, Miss., after a two-year delay in her trial because of inability to find means of getting her to court. She is bedridden.

CYCLIST KILLED BY AUTO

TERRE HAUTE, Ind, June 4 (U. P)). — Fourteen - year -old Ernest

Bryan of West Terre Haute was injured fatally yesterday when his bicycle was struck by an automobile.

HOLD EVERYTHING

“Can i show you around camouflage departmen t, Miss?”

Dutch Harbor Raids Hint

Invasion of

Siberia Next

REAR ADMIRAL YATES STIRLING JR.

(U. 8S. Navy, Retired)

NEW YORK; June 4 —The

next 48 hours may bring news

of the utmost importance from the Alaskan theater and perhaps from the regions around Vladivostok and Kamchatka in the Soviet Far East. The two Japanese raids on Dutch Harbor suggest an all-out effort to smash our Alaskan bases in preparation for an invasion of Siberia. The fact that the enemy attacked twice would indicate he means

business.

On the basis of the information available, it would appear that the raiding planes came from an aircraft carrier which was suitably escorted by cruisers and destroyers. It would seem certain that an aerial battle took place over Dutch Harbor and perhaps over the carrier. A raid on Dutch Harbor had been expected since our raid on Japan. It would be a good guess that some of the attacking planes were destroyed by our airmen. No information is available as to our strength at Dutch Harbor but it should have been sufficient.

nets guard its approaches by sea. Unalaska island is 67 miles long and 30 miles wide. Deep fjords cut into its coast line. Great shoals and rocks jut out from it. The island is barren of vegeta= tion, except for soft tundra moss, a few grasses, and even fewer

stunted trees. But the bare moun= tains rise sheer from the water's

ASSERTS NAZIS MUST INVADE

Hitler Is One Who Needs Second Front Now, French Officer Says.

RIO DE JANEIRO, June daTt is Germany, not the united nations, that must cpen a second front as a result of the British mass bomib= ings of Cologne and Essen, according to Col. Pierre Gaussot, former member of the French military mis= sion to Brazil. The colonel chose to “retire” here rather than to serve a collaborating Vichy. That this second front can be only a desperate, final attempt bg Hitler to invade England becomes

likelier now than at any time since |the summer of 1940, is Col. Gaus-

{sot's belief.

“Hitler cannot allow Germany’s industry and population to be de= stroyed. He must retaliate and in retaliation must open a second front,” the colonel asserts confi= dently. :

“An Excruciating Dilemma”

The quiet precise colonel, together with the immense majority of the residents of this capital, have been fired with new hope and enthusiasm by the great British raids. “These bombings mark Germany's loss of the initiative,” he says with glee. “And when the Yanks get there this condition will be ace centuated. Up to now the German high command has chosen when and where it would strike, Today the Wehrmacht must accept battle on the field chosen by the allies.”

edge, especially in the neighbors hood of Dutch Harbor. An extinet volcano, Mt. Makuskin, 5601 feet, is the highest point. The natives were mostly fishermen, and seal-hunters until the great defense boom came along and made them into hotel-keep=

ers, bartenders and construction workers.

Talk ‘Minimum Living Standard’

WASHINGTON, June 4 (U. P)). =William L. Batt, chairman of the WPB requirements commit tee, and A. I. Henderson, newly=

appointed director of materials, told a press conference yesterday that the nation’s civilian economy is “fast going on a minimum subsistence standard.” “From here on out it will be a continuous problem to provide materials to meet the needs of our fighting forces,” they said. “Vital materials no longer can be used except for war and for the maintenance of those things necessary on the war.” American industry must get ready to “patch and pray” to keep existing equipment in working order, they said.

WPA PROJECTS HALT FOR BERRY PICKING

BAST ST. LOUIS, Ill, June 4 (U, P) =James A. Carruthers, district WPA director, said today projects in the 16-county district would be closed any time during the summer when laborers are needed on farms.

Tuesday he announced the closing of all projects in Marion, Washington and Jefferson county so that the approximately 600 men employed would be available for picke ing strawberries. Mr. Carruthers said the suspended projects would be opened again as soon as the need for strawberry pickers is ended. He said he believed the berry season would end by next week.

ENTERS COLLEGE AT 75 PASADENA, Cal. U. P.).—Adopting for himself the motto, “It is never too late to help win the war,” Tom Kealey Sr, 75, entered Pasadena Junior college for training for & war job.

FASTER PLANES SEEN FOR NAVY

Contract Is Awarded for New Liquid-Cooled Aircraft Motors.

WASHINGTON, June 4 (U. P.) —~ The navy today disclosed it has awarded a contract for a new type, liquid-cooled aircraft engine which may lead to the development of super-fast planes. Recipient of the contract was the liquid-cooled engine division of the Aviation Corp. A plant already is being constructed in Ohio to proe duce the engines. The development is the navy's first venture in the field of’ liquidecooled power plants. Heretofore, it had clung to the air-cooled theory. Inasmuch as liquid-cooled motors have a relatively small frontal area they permit a greater degree of streamlining. This, in turn, means relatively greater speed per unit of horsepower produced,

Increase Streamlining

The navy declined to describe the engine—whether it is the in-line, upright V,, inverted V., or pancake

type. The pancake or inverted V. types would facilitate a greater degree of streamlining than has been possible,

The navy has utilized both aire cooled and liquid-cooled engines to advantage. All army bombers are equipped with radial air-cocled power plants. Until recently, the army's major types of fighters were equipped with Allison liquid-cooled motors. These include the Bell Airacobra, the Curtiss P-50 and the Lockheed P-38, But one of its most recent pursuit types, the Republic P-47, is powered with a radial air-cooled engine.

* . What Yous Busy With

WAR BONDS

Aside from the 60-mile an hour mosquito torpedo boats, the sub chasers are the speedsters of our

navy. Light and fast, they are the eyes of the fleet on the water. They displace approximately 1500 tons and cost about $2,400,000

We need many of these powere ful, fast little boats to cope with the treacherous submarine type of naval warfare fostered by our enemies. Everybody can help pay for more sub chasers by putting at least 10 per cent of his ine come into war bonds. Buy bonds or stamps every pay day. Buy . them from your bank, your post office, or from your office or faédtory through the payroll savings