Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 June 1942 — Page 5

MONDAY, JUNE 1, 1942

MOSCOW FRONT ATTACK HINTED

Kharkov Battle Ends With Capture by Russians of 400 Villages.

MOSCOW, June 1 (U. P.).—Russian troops have smashed a series of German attacks on the Kalinin front northwest of Moscow and in fierce counter-attacks have seized several strategic heights, special dispatches from the front said today. Steady intensification of activities on the northwest stretch of the front was believed to mean that an offensipe by either side, on the scale of that now ended at Kharkov, might be started at any time. : German troops attacked persistently despite heavy losses in an attempt to throw back the Russians in the Xalinin arear, dispatches said. The Russians stayed on the| defense for three days, breaking alll attacks, and then took the initiative. |

Kharkov Battle Dies Down ‘Today's War Moves—

The Russians counter-attacked| end, passing some 1100 dead whom | ARNOLD GIVES the Germans had left on the battle- | field, stormed and took the heights VICTORY CLUE

from which the German attacks had been started. It was evident that the Kharkov 1000, 3000 or 5000 Planes Nightly—It Depends on Ground Manpower.

fighting had returned to the posi{Continued from Page One)

warfare. flames and smoke still formed a

tional stage and that the Russians were consolidating their gains of about 400 inhabited points, won in their offensive, and digging in along the German side of the river line in the Izvum-Barvenkova sector. Local continued before Kharkov, and to the south the] Germans vainly tried to push/out many more than 50,000 planes the Russians back across the river. this year from such great plants : rh {as the Ford Willow Run and the Both Claim Victory {even larger Chrysler plant.

Saturday said the Russians, Viottry by Fell? instead of seeking to capture Khar-| The shipping bottle neck does kov itself, had succeeded in their not affect the heavy bombers, : $13 : objective of breaking up a planned which are ferried over. A certain claimed that 78 of the British raidGerman offensive against Rostov bY! n.mner of combat planes also will | .n8 planes had been shot down. upwards 540.000 troops, 36 di-|. " a { The British admitted the loss of 44 visions, which was getting set in the 0° 2ble to fly over, using new pianes. Don river z = fields in Newfoundland, Greenland| The loss of 44 planes was not The Russian armv not only had and Iceland. jgreat, however, considering the size frustrated the German plans but{ The British hope soon to have of the armada and the damage done had improved its own position and,|an average of about 1000 bombers |—seven-eighths of one of Gerthe communique said, killed 90,000 | over Germany nightly. Air Mar-/many's greatest cities and great axis troops and captured or de-{shal A. T. Harris, chief of the Brit- Rhine port and railroad center left stroyed 540 tanks, 1511 field guns, ish bomber command said recently [in blazing, broken ruins. and 200 planes. Russianjthat if it can be done, it would] The British had anticipated that losses were put at nearly 5000 killed, | mean the end of the war by fall. they might lose 6 per cent or 90 70,000 missing and 300 tanks, 832] It would be a tremendous oper-|planes of their attacking force but guns and 124 planes wrecked. ation. British sources estimate their losses were less than 3 per “The German army command ad-|that on some nights, 3000 to 5000 cent, whereas the Germans, on the he fighting near Kharkov| planes would have to be employed, May 10, 1941, crescendo of the blitz their important wictory,” the since weather conditions will reduce against London last 6.6 per cent of communique said. “We can only the number on other nights. Dur- a fleet of 500 planes. Other attacks | A few more such German ing May the weather was so poor during the battle of Britain cost the] and the German fascist|that there were only three of the Germans up to 10 per cent of their

Schools and hotels in the non-mili-tary city also were wrecked. Stockholm reported that Germany admitted that the Cologne cathedral, as famous as Canterbury’s, had not been damaged.

Loss in Planes Small

The Germans boasted that thousands of bombs had been hurled upon Canterbury in the vengeance attack and they admitted heavy |damage to Cologne where it was

skirmishes still

A special communique issued

night

f of 01

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Say:

victories’

A scene on the Rhine river at Cologne, the great German industrial city which iast night was the target of the greatest air raid of all Seven-eighths of the city was believed to have been in

heavy pall over the area today.

Cologne is a city of 750,000, about the size of Boston or Pittsburgh. 5000-Plane Raids Hinted:; Smoke Still Covers Cologne

(Continued from Page One)

when emergency conditions dictated another course. Describing the

vast scope of

American plans to join in the of- that another world war would refensive against Germany, Arnold |Sult in destruction of the Jews, and said the American air forces would |those of us who lived in Germany

staff American fields in Britain, |

with their own ground pilots and component units. They will be under a separate American command which will cooperate with the British. “It is a cardinal principle of the United States army air forces that a combat plane which is not being used to hit the axis is doing no one any good and no one any harm,” Gen. Arnold said. No Impairment to British “We are determined to get every) possible fighting plane into the fight. No combat planes are being kept back in the United States beyond the absolute minimum for tactical training.” He said the chief consideration of his talks here had been to insure that the increasing demands of American units on American aircraft production did not impair the British offensive, now or in the fu-! ture.

Crews,

army will be finally drained of its “super” raids, spaced about 10 days planes. blood.” apart. 10 Planes a Minute

FATHER'S DAY-—-JUNE 21 { The Cologne attack by 1500 bomb- , ; ‘ers and fighters launched from 60 {British airdromes lasted only 90 \minutes, revealing masterful organ- | ization in which the raiders swept {upon the German city at six-second |intervals. | Germany put casualties at 111 dead and “many” wounded. It admitted great damage to buildings, |including a police headquarters and {a Nazi party building.

Smoke Visible 135 Miles

Last night and today the British attacks were limited, due apparlently to bad weather, although a 'daylight “shift” of raiders carried lout a sweep of the Nazi-held channel coast and northern French

‘ : é targets. If dad's the man in your life | A new phase of the war seemed J ‘definitely to have been begun with {the Cclogne raid, which was a new chapter in the brief terrible history of war in the air. London reported that seven|eighths of the city had been left in flames and that the blaze and the smoke, which rose 15,000 feet. could be seen on the French coast 135 miles away. The big aerial offensive was revealed by Gen. Arnold in London to be the forerunner of an ultimate allied invasion of the continent, since it is recognized that complete victory cannot come from air bombings alone. Arnold referred to the statement at West Point last week by Gen. George C. Marshall, U. S. chief of land in Europe and said that when staff, that American troops will that day comes the allied mean to have undoubted aerial superiority.

‘The Sooner the Better’

Revealing that he and his associates visiting London had practi-

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RETURN TO RELIGION URGED BY HALIFAX

DELAWARE, O., June 1 (U. P).— Lord Halifax, British ambassador to the United States, declared today that to defeat the “evil madness now loose in Nazi Germany,” the people of the united nations must “re-establish the standards set for us by the founder of our religion wherever . . . we have allowed them to be overgrown.” Halifax said that the united nations, handicapped at the start of the war by lack of equipment, already had overcome that deficiency and now are “steadily beating the axis powers in the battle of production as they will soon learn if they don’t already know it.” He spoke at the centennial celebration and graduation exercises at Ohio Wesleyan university.

GRAND JURY OPENS PELLEY CASE PROBE

A federal grand jury today opened its investigation into the case of William Dudley Pelley, Silver Shirt leader, who is charged with sedition in connection with the publication of periodicals at Noblesville. The government is represented in| the inquiry by District Attorney B.| Howard Caughran and Oscar Ewing, well-known New York trial lawver and assistant chairman of the Democratic national committee, who is serving as special assistant

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Cologne Suffers Greatest Mass Air Raid of History

PAGE 5

NAZI SLAUGHTER OF JEWS BARED

At Least 200,000 Slain in Baltic States; Millions Herded Into Ghettos.

(Continued from Page One)

{know that he and his agents have {done everything possible to make the prophecy come true. : Recall Latvian Slaughter

In Germany proper Jews are still being sent to overcrowded ghettos in occupied countries at the rate of 20,000 a month. There apparently was an effort to create a “Jew free” reich by April 1, as a birthday gift for Hitler, but due to transportation and other difficulties the schedule could not be maintained. It is estimated that between 60,000 and 70,000 have been dumped in eastern Europe since September. One of the biggest known mass slaughters occurred in Latvia in the summer of 1941, when, responsible Nazi sources admitted, 56,000 men, women and children were killed by SS troops and Latvian irregulars.

News Reel Showed Killings

This slaughter went on for days and there was even an official German news reel of squads shooting Jews in the streets of Riga. The Nazi commentator described these scenes as the vengeance of “the infuriated Latvian populace against the Jews,” but a remarkable feature was that the “Latvians” all wore German army helmets. In Lithuania, about 30,000 Jews, according to most reliable estimates, were killed by special] “clean up” squads brought from Poland with the knowledge and approval of the German civil administration. The entire Jewish population of many towns and villages were driven into the country, forced to dig graves, and then machinegunned. In one city alone more than 8000 were killed. In Kaunas the executions were not so sweeping, owing to the militant opposition of the Catholic church, and in Esthonia, last of the Baltic nations to fall to Hitler, comparatively few Jews were executed.

Horrible Picture in Poland

The slaughter in Poland was horrible with 80,000 killed in reprisal for the alleged killing of 56,000 minority Germans at the outbreak of war. Many of these were Poles, but there was a high percentage of Jews. The mass grave technique was used there, too. The advance of Germany into Russia was accompanied by the slaughter of Jews, especially in the Ukraine. The Germans tried to shift the blame to the Ukrainians.

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to Mr. Caughran in the Pelley case.

§ cally concluded talks with Prime { Minister Churchill, Air Chief Mar- § ishal Sir Charles Portal, chief of Analyze Each (staff of the Royal Air Force and : t at ‘other British leaders, Arnold said Garment a ‘that his talks:

Unit ed | “Aimed at further development {of the original agreements between 4 the British and United States gov- § lernments looking to the maximum impact of our combined air strength upon the common enemy.” He called the gigantic raid on Cologne a wonderful exhibition, and he added: “The sooner we have those every night with the United States air forces as a component part, the better off we will be.”

U. S. to Have Own Units

Gen. Arnold, in his statement, said British and American air force officials had agreed that best results would be achieved if American crews flew American planes as American units but in co-operation with the British air force, except

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One man died on this ship. States ship, sunk by the raider, Six men were believed killed in|watched from life-boats. a short gun battle between a sub-! Three others died when a Ger= marine and a small American mer- {man submarine sank a mediume chantman in the gulf of Mexico |sized American ship in the Atlantie May 20. The gun crews fought a|May 20 and surfaced while its com= losing battle with the U-boat as|mander directed 47 survivors to 40 survivors of another small United | Cuba.

10 SHIPS SUNK, NAVY REVEALS

Heaviest Three-Day Toll of War Announced Over Week-End.

By UNITED PRESS Announcements over the weekend of ships sunk by Axis submarines reached 10 today and stood as heaviest toll yet revealed in a comparable three-day period. American, British, Norwegian and Brazilian vessels made up the 10. The latest announced sinking, that of a small British freighter, oc-| 7 curred in the North Atlantic. A few hours earlier the navy disclosed that a Brazilian freighter had been sunk in the Caribbean. Six seamen died in this torpedoing, which occurred south of Haiti May 24. Survivors arrived at Key West, Fla.

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The navy yesterday announced the sinking of three American mer-| chantmen and a medium-sized cargo ship in the Gulf of Mexico and

the Atlantic. Saturday the navy revealed that three other American ships and a British vessel had been sunk in the Atlantic. Nine lives were lost in the sinkings announced yesterday. Survivors from the Brazilian freighter said the conning tower of the attacking submarine — which they believed was Italian—bore a! design featuring the head of a long-| 7 horned goat and the stem of a red rose in its mouth. The ship sank seven minutes after the attack, and a Brazilian navy gun crew aboard it did not have time to fire a shot.

Offered Rum by Captain

Survivors of the British ship reported that the captain of the submarine which torpedoed and twice shelled their vessel offered them two bottles of West Indies rum and; ? cther assistance. |

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