Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 May 1942 — Page 27
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WASHINGTON, May 26: ~-Some misunderstanding
seems to have grown out of a statement by. this government regarding the ‘future status of the French empire, including its overseas possessions. 12 THs matter 5 Kicking around now in unofficial X conversations among diplomatic 5 people and others regarding the future world settlement. It has come into‘the discussion especially in the light of Vice President Wallace’s recent speech advocating an end .to political and military im=perialism after this war. On April 13, Sumner Welles, acting as secretary of state in the absence of Mr. Hull, addressed 2 note to the Vichy ambassador here. This note was in answer to a protest from Vichy over the establishment of an American consulate general at Brazzaville in Free French Africa.
Secretary Welles in his reply was taking the op-
portunity to express the American government’s sup-
port of the French people. In that connection Mr. Welles said, “The government of the United States fervently hopes that it may see the re-establishment of the independence of France and of the integrity of French territory” He also said the United States recognizes the sovereign jurisdiction of the people of Prance over the territory of France and over French possessions overseas.
A Pledge to Imperiolism?
THAT HAS BEEN construed in some quarters as a pledge that after the war the United States would exert its influence toward the restoration of all colonies and possession to France. These include not only Martinque but large areas in Africa, Madagascar, New Caledonia in the southwest Pacific, and French IndoChina. Some have said that if the United States is giving
"has been strong pressure on the White House for
By Raymond Clapper"
a pledge to restore the colonial empire of France it should also pledge itself to assist in restoring the colonial empires of other powers, notably Great Britain and the Netherlands. So when Vice President Wallace and other officials talk about an end’ of imperialism, spokesmen for other countries in the united nations group raise questions as to whether we are being consistent. There
some kind of pledge with regard to restoring territory formerly held by other united nations. So far as I can learn, it is not considered accurate to interpret the letter by Mr. Welles as a pledge to insist upon the return of all French territory. Secretary Hull said a few days ago that what we have taken up was the question of our concern for the French people and our desire to see restoration of all French popular institutions—that is,” the rights and benefits that the French republic once enjoyed.
Problem Now Being Studied
THIS GOVERNMENT is still engaged in the study of what it would like to see emerge as the peace arrangements. Until these studies are completed, perhaps within the course of a few more weeks, this government is scarcely in a position to talk seriously with other governments regarding post-war arrangements. However, the time is approaching when it is likely that this government will begin to move in an attempt to work out at least some tentative and preliminary understandings as to the shape that the peace should take through the united nations. It is not that anybody here is anticipating an early end to the war, but rather a feeling that it is desirable long in advance to begin preparing for the end. Some also consider it desirable to do this in order to clarify the position of the united nations in Asia, where some elements are representing the allied effort as merely an attempt to restore the status quo.
Ernie Pyle, in poor health for some time, has been forced to take a rest. However, he is expected to resume his daily column within a short time.
Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum
THE AIR RAID warden’s class was having a session the other night at School 43, The guest speaker was Bob O’Neal, state police explosives expert. During his talk, Mr. O'Neal exhibited some bomb fragments, then produced what looked like a small piece of clothes line — two or three inches long. This, he explained, was a sample of a new and terrifically powerful explosive—the only sample of it in Indiana. He passed the sample around, and while it was circulating, the intermission period arrived. After intermission, he asked to have his _ sample back. But no one seemed to know where it was. The room was searched carefully, without avail. Some of the boys, fearful of stepping on the explosive, begon looking tongingly at the door. Mr. O’Neal made a little speech. The explosive couldn’t be analyzed or duplicated, he said. “Let’s look again,” he suggested, Within a minute or two, the dangerous explosive was found under a desk in a spot that had been searched thoroughly before. Its covering had been torn off and it was moist as though it had been in someone’s mouth. Mr. O'Neal picked it up with a sigh of relief, which was echoed by the class, and he departed. And now the boys in the class are wondering: WHO?
Around the Town
THE CONCRETE soldier (World War I model) who always stands stiffly at attention on E. New York st. just east of the Belt railroad, has been promoted, First, someone chalked: a corporal’s stripes on his right arm. . Next, passersby noticed a sergeant’s chevrons on his left sleeve. And now the statue has lipstick on its lips. . . . William H. Walker of the accounting firm of Carter, Bailey, Kerlin & Walker left yesterday for Bolling field, Washington, with a brandnew air corps commission. . ./, Michael J. Duffecy Jr. just got back from a vacation trip to Miami in time
Hit-and-Run
NEW YORK, May 26.—The signs of our war fortunes in the Far East are heartening. And the most encouraging is the indication that we are going to run our own affairs out there in conjunction with the Australians. The tactics used by our naval task forces — cruisers, destroyers and aircraft carriers—follow the essence of hit-and-run warfare: Surprise, daring and brilliant execution. Our aircraft carrier personnel is now demonstrating its superiority to any other. The carrier, most fearful and dreaded type of warship, is at the same time the most vulnerable. It can take care of itself as long as it has to deal only with other carriers, but for protection against tnemy subs and cruisers it requires its own cruiser orce. Man for man, carrier for carrier, there is no finer, more efficient fighting unit on the sea than ours. The carrier, a steel airdrome capable of high speed, is a complex mechanism, thin-skinned and unable to stand and slug or take heavy punishment.
Tactics All Its Own
ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE is to attack, to carry the war to the enemy. Its hitting power is terrific,
My Day
WASHINGTON, Monday.—This column has to be written at an extraordinarily early hour because I must make an 8 o'clock ferry in Annapolis to go to Chestertown, Md, where I am attending the comrhiericement exercises at Washington college. to give an address and receive an . LL.D. degree. Last night, at 7 o'clock, I went to the Foundry Methodist church to talk with their group of young people, who have been meeting on Sunday evenings at the Institute
of Christian Citizenship. This is.
another of the efforts made by different groups to give newcomers in Washington some feeling of home environment away from Shgie on own church and home occu 0} I wonder if you have been amiibed by the cartoons of the president’s little of the weekly magazines has ‘been publishing. This week Fala is looking disconSolately gt a collection. of bags: marked with my
initials, -
As a matter of fact, the only person Fala would
-ment and had carefully prepared the ground before
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to find a letter with his comnision as a lieutenant and orders to be at Miami for duty the next day. . Motorists who passed 38th and Meridian Sunday afternoon were startled to see Santa Claus, completely attired in his traditional dress, seated atop a mail box. He was busy waving at people passing in cars.
A Concrete Affair
ONE OF HIS friends is telling the story of Charles L. Buschmann’s trials and tribulations as an amateur victory gardener. Mr. Buschmann, who is president of Lewis Meier & Co., called this friend the other day, the story goes, and’ proudly related how, he had just gotten through planting some beans. They were
a special kind of beans, Mr. Buschmann ‘said, and]:
were supposed to grow six or eight inches long. By a stroke of luck, he found some. fertilizer in the base-
sewing the beans, he said. A couple of hours later, with horror in his voice, he called the friend back and reported the “fertilizer” had been revealed to be really cement. Now he’s waiting to see what kind of a crop (if any) he grows.
Oh, Well; What's $10
WE'LL BET Pitcher Ray Campbell, young south-
paw with the Milwaukee ball club, regrets his little|-
display of temper at Sunday’s game here. He relieved Vance Page on the mound in the fifth, and the Indians snared three runs in the inning. He walked out to the mound for the sixth inning, but was waved back by Manager Grimm. Annoyed, the pitcher took his glove off and threw i% into the stands. It landed in a box a short distance from the box of the Milwaukee club president, William Veeck Jr. Several people tried on the glove, and it was last seen in the possession of a small boy who was leaving the ball park. The sad part of the story is that ball players have to buy their own gloves. The gloves cost $10, or maybe a lot more, and take endless patience to break ih Moral: Count to 100 before throwing away your glove,
By ng Al Williams
and its bomb-carrying and torpedo planes can smash the biggest battleship. Such a weapon had to create tactics all its own, radically different from the old scheme of sea warfare. Our sea problem in the Far East primarily is to maintain sea-borne supplies to Australia, to prevent the cutting of supply lines by the enemy, and to bust the enemy supply lines to his advanced bases. The aircraft carrier stands supreme when it comes to real busting on a production scale.
Get In , . . and Get Out
THE BOMBING of Tokyo and other Jap cities didn’t lick the Japs, but it rocked them and damaged the prestige of their war lords. Our army planes did that job. Where did they come from? That's what the Japs are asking each other. Were they from secret bases? From aircraft carriers? But they were army planes, much bigger than anything customarily used. on American carriers. Those are some of the thoughts that worry the Japs. How were they hit and where did the blow start from? If they don’t know, they don’t know how to guard against other bombing raids. Some future tactical professor will sum up the principle of hit-and-run warfare thus: “Get in as fast as you can, do all the damage you can, and get out as fast as you can.”
By Eleanor Roosevelt
did take refuge with me, but he was such an inconsolable little dog I was glad the separation was a short one. I have just finished Granville Hick’s “Only One Storm.” I enjoyed it even though these days we seem to be driven by something within us to move quickly, and it was hard for me to stick to a novel | which developed so slowly. Yet it was healthy #nd: there are passages in it which I want to remember. For instance, there is a line: “You cannot be tolerant unless you are perfectly sure you are Heht— or do not care muc ' That is absolutely true. I am afraid with a good many people tolerance is a matter of indifference. But, when it has its roots in the security of one’s convictions and beliefs, then tolerance can be a very fine thing. In that kind of tolerance there is true humility which, in spite of personal conviction, listens and tries to understand other points of view. | There are some pages in chapter 16 which I think we can all read with care at the present time. At the very end of the description of the funeral of the important old man of the village, there is an that just now has a special significance: “One
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Russia's appreciation of . mously enhanced. In China, the increase. -
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By HENRY A. WALLACE
WE, WHO IN A ‘formal or an informal way represent most of the free peoples of the world, have at heart the interests of a Et tie: freedom in’ their souls. Wa have Jat one purpose—to let those millions in other countries know that here in the United States are 130 million men, women and
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Our American people are utterly resolved to go on until they can strike the relentless blows that will assure a complete vic tory, and with it’ win a new day for the lovers of freedom everywhere on this
‘earth,
This is a fight between a slave world
and a free world. Just as the United
States in 1862 could not remain half slave ’ and half free, so in 1942 the world must make its decision for a complete victory
_one way or the other.
As we begin the final stages of this fight to the death between the free world’ and the slave world, it is worth while to. refresh our minds about the march ‘of freedom for the common man. The idea of freedom . . . the freedom that we in the United Stetes know and love so well . . . is derived from the Bible with its extrabrdinary emphasis on the dignity of the individual. Democracy is the only true political expression of Christianity. The prophets of the Old Testament were the first to preach social justice. But that which was sensed by the prophets many centuries before Christ was not given complete and powerful political expression until our nation was formed as a federal union & century and a half ago. .Even then, the march of the common people had just begun. Most of them did not yet know how to read and write. There were no public schools to which all children could go. Men -and women cannot be really free until they have plenty to eat, and time and ability to read and think and talk things over. Down the years, the people of the United States have moved steadily forward in the practice of democracy. Through universal education, they now can read and write and form opinions of their own. They have learned, and are still learning, the art of production . . . that is, how to make a living. They have learned, and are still learning, the art of self-government. # ” »
Reading and Writing IF WE WERE to measure freedom by standards of nutrition, education and selfgovernment, we might rank the United States and certain nations of Western Europe very high. But this would not be fair to other nations where education has become widespread only in the last 20 years. In many nations, a generation ago, 9 out of 10 of the people could not read or write. Russia, for example, was changed from an (illiterate to a literate nation within one generation and in the process, Was enor-
during the past 30 years in the ability of the people to read and write has been matched by their increased interest in real liberty. Everywhere, reading and writing are accompanied by industrial progress, and ine dustrial progress sooner or later inevitably brings a strong labor movement. From a long-time and fundamental point of view, there are no backward peoples which are lacking in mechanical sense. Russians, Chinese, and the Indians both of India and the Americas all learn to read and write and operate machines just as well as your children and my children. Everywhere the common people are on the march. Thousands of them are learning to read and write, learning to think together, learning to use toals. These people are learning to think and work together in labér movements, some of which may be extreme or impractical at first, but which eventually will settle dewn to serve effectively the interests of the common man. When the freedom-loving people march . . » When the farmers have an opportunity to buy land at reasonable prices and to sell the produce of their land through their own organizations, when workers have the opportunity to form unions and bargain through them collectively, and when the children of all the people have an opportunity to attend schools which teach them truths of the real world in which they live . . . when these opportunities are open to everyone, then the world moves straight ahead. » »
Satan Turned Loose on World
BUT IN COUNTRIES where the ability to read and write has been recently acquired or where the people have had no long experience in governing themselves on the basis of their own thinking, it is easy for demagogues to arise and prostitute the mind of the common man to their own base ends. Such a demagogue may get financial help from some person of wealth who is unaware of what the end-result will be. With this backing, the demagogue may dominate the minds
“of the people, and, from whatever degree
of freedom they have, lead them backward into slavery. Herr Thyssen, the wealthy German steel man, little realized what he was doing when he gave Hitler enough money to enable him to play on
the minds of the German people. The |,
demagogue is the curse of the modern world; and of all the demagogues, the worst are those financed by well- Seaning wealthy men who believe tha Te rent ia Bah oe Te ie ha can hire men with political “it” to change
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What America Is Fighting Fo
In a recent address before the ‘conference on political warfare of the Free World association, Vice President Wallace so inspiringly outlined the pattern for the world of tomorrow that it
has caused a growing wave of comment. As a service to its readers, The Times. heréwith prints the tot of Mr. Wallace' 5 address.
Vice President Wallace
and ultimate darkness. Is there any hell hotter than that of being a Quisling, unless it is that of beimg a Laval or a Mussolini? In a twisted sense, there is something almost great in the figure of the supreme devil operating through a human form, in a _ Hitler who has the daring to spit straight into the eye of God and man. But the Nazi system has a heroic position for only one leader. By definition only one person is allowed to retain full sov-
..ereignty ever his own soul. All the rest
are stooges . .-. ‘they are stooges who have been mentally and politically degraded, and who feel that they can get square with the world only by mentally and politically degrading other people. These stooges are really psychopathic cases. Satan has turned loose upon us
the insane. oN ”
Fires of Freedom
THE MARCH OF freedom of the past 150 years has been a Ilong-drawn-out people’s revolution. In this great revolution of the people, there were the American Revolution of 1775, the French Revolution of 1792, the Latin-American revolutions of the Bolivarian era, the German revolution of 1848, and the Russian Revolution of 1918. Each spoke for the common man in terms of blood on the battlefield. Some went to excess. But the significant thing is that people groped their way to the light. More of them learned to think and work together. The people’s revolution aims at peace and not at violence, but if the rights of the common man are attacked, it unleashes the ferocity of a she-bear who has lost a cub. When the Nazi psychologists tell their master Hitler that we in the United States may be able to produce hundreds of thousands of planes, but that we have no will to fight, they are only fooling themselves and him. The truth is that when the rights of the American people are transgressed, as these rights have been transgressed, the American people will fight with a relentless fury which will drive the ancient Teutonic gods back cowering into their caves. The Gotterdamerung has come for Odin and his crew. The people are on the march toward even fuller freedom than the most fortunate peoples of the earth have hitherto enjoyed. No Nazi counter-revolution will stop it. The common man will smoke the Hitler stooges out mto the open in the United States, in Latin America, and in India. He will destroy their influence. No Lavals, no. Mussolinis will be tolerated in
a Free World. w ” »
Dignity of Human Soul
to think about the significance of freedom want for the Sverige | man, then we that the revolution of the past 150
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. build an enduring world-peace.
4. The duty to build a peace—just, charitable and enduring. The fourth duty is that which inspires the other three. We failed in our job after World War 1. We did not know how to go about it to We did not have the nerve to follow through and prevent Germany from rearming. We did not insist that she “learn war no more.”
We did not build a peace treaty on the.
fundamental doctrine of the people's revolution. We: did not sirive whole-heartedly to create a -world where there could be
' freedom from want for all the peoples.
But by ‘our very errors we learned much, and after this war we shall be in position to utilize our knowledge in building a world which is econemically, politically and, I hope, spiritually sound. = # »
Enough for All MODERN SCIENCE, which is a by-
- product and an essential part of the peo-
’
ple’s revolution, has made it technologically possible to see that all of the people of the world get enough to eat. Half in fun and half seriously, I said the other day to Mme. Litvinoff: “The object of this war is to make sure that everybody in the world has the privilege of drinking a quart of milk a day.” She replied: “Yes, even halfra pint.” The peace must mean a better standard of living for the common man, not merely in the United States and England, but also in India, Russia, China and Latin America—not merely in the united nations, but also in Germany and Italy and Japan. Some ‘have spoken of the “American Century.” I say that the century on which we are entering—the century which will come out of this war—can be and must be the century of the common man. Perhaps
. it will be America’s opportunity to suggest
the freedoms and duties by which the common nian must live. Everywhere the common man must learn to build his own industries with his own hands in a practical fashion. Everywhere the common man must learn to increase his productivity so that he and his children can eventually pay to the world community all that they have received. No nation will have the God-given right to exploit other nations. . Older nations will have the privilege to help younger nations get started on the path to industrialization, but there must be neither niilitary nor economic. imperialism. The niethods of the nineteenth century will not work in the people’s century which is now about to begin. India, China, and Latin America have a tremendous ‘stake in the people’s century. As their masses learn to read and write, and as they become productive mechanics, their standard of living will’ double and treble. Modern science, when devoted whole-heartedly to the general welfare, has in it potentialities of which we do not yét dream.
Benefit for All ’ AND MODERN science must be released from German slavery. International cartels that serve American greed and the German will to power must go. Cartels in the peace to come must be subjected to international control for the common man,
ns well as being under adequate control by
the respective home governments. In this way, we can prevent the Germans from again building a war machine while. we sleep. With international monopoly - pools under control, it will be possible for inventions to serve all the people instead of only the few. Yes, and when the time of peace comes,
The Viet Pins Text of Vice President Wallace's Inspiring Addres
easy. Production, yes . . it" will o' to get production without either or sabotage; production with the
30 per cent. I need say little about the duty to fight, Some people declare, and Hitler belie that the American people have grown joo in the last generation. Hitler agents con: tinually preach in South America that we are cowards, unable to use, like the: “brave” German soldiers, the weapons of modern war. It is true that American youth hates war with g holy hatred. Bu because of that fact and because Hitler and the German people stand as the very symbol of war, we shall fight with a tires less enthusiasm until war and the possi+ bility of war have been removed from this planet. We shall cleanse the plague spot of Europe, which is Hitler's Qermatth s and with it the hell-hole of Asia Japan. The American people have always vd, guts and always will have. You know the story of Bomber Pilot Dixon and Radios man Gene Aldrich and Ordnanceman Tony Pastula . . . the story which Ameria cans will be telling their children for generations to illustrate man’s ability to master any fate. These ‘men lived for days on the open sea in a rubber lifeboat, eight feet: by four feet, with 5 food but that which they took from the sea and the air with one. pocketknife and a ‘pis= tol. And yet they lived it through and came at last to the beach of an island
. they did not know. In spite of their sufe
fering and weakness, théy stood like men, with no weapon left to protect theme selves, and no shoes on their feet or clothes on their backs, and walked in military file because, they said “if there were Japs, we didn't want to be sraviing.t 3 » ” ” ¥
Summer of Crisis ‘ The American fighting men, and all the fighting men of the united nations, will need to summon all their courage during the next few months. I am convinced that the summer and fall of 1942 will he °
- a time. of supreme crisis for us all.
like the prize.fighter who" realizes he is on the verge of being knocked out, i§ gathering all his remaining forces for one ‘last desperate blow. There is abject feat in the heart of the madman and a gro discontent among his people as he pres pares for his last all-out offensive, We may be sure that Hitler and Japan will co-operate to do the unexpected . perhaps an attack by Japan against Alaska and our Northwest coast at a time
leadership and stiffening to a German uprising in Latin America. In any event, the psychological and sabotage offensi in the United States and Latin Amer will be timed to coincide with, or antici pate by a few weeks, the height of the military offensive. We must \be especially prepared to stifie the fifth columnists in the United States who will try, to sabotage not merely our 3 war material plants, but even more impors tant, our minds, We must be prepared for ? the worst kind of fifth column work in Latin America, much of it operating through the agency of governments with which the United States at present is af peace. When I say this, I recognize that the peoples, both of Latin America and of the nations supporting the agencies through which the fifth columnists work, are overwhelmingly on the side of te, 3 democracies. : » » »,
Complete Victory a WE MUST EXPECT the offensive against us on the military, propaganda and sabotage fronts, both in the United States and in Latin America, to reach its apex some time during the next few months. The convulsive efforts of the aye madman will be so great that some us may be deceived into thinking that ok situation is bad at a time when .it is really getting better. But in the case of most of us, the events of the n=xt fow months, disturbing though they may ke, will only increase our will to bring abou complete victory in this war of liberation, Prepared in spirit, we cannot be surprised, Psychological terrorism will fall flat. As