Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 May 1942 — Page 14

In Nazi Defenses,

Moscow Says. (Continued from Page One) patches reporting that on the Ka-

Moscow the Russians were attacking heavily and with increasing weight, in what bade to be a third major offensive. ‘Red army troops in the Kalinin area have fought through stubborn resistance to take a series of vitally

. important positions, it was asserted.

On the Kharkov front the Germans tried a new trick ‘in a vain

attempt to stop the Russian ad-

vance. They hurriedly withdrew from one sector, permitting the

~ Russians to drive a sharp salient

into their line unopposed. Red army planes, reconnoitering, spotted massed enemy troops on both flanks, preparing ' to attack in order to cut off the Russians. The Russians at once drove against both flanks and threw a fresh force into the: center, and took many prisoners, dispatches said.

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It was admitted than the Germans still made gains, though at frightful cost, in their offensive in the Kerch peninsula of the Crimea.

Guerrillas Striking Hard There was no doubt that at every

point along the 1800-miie line north of the Crimea, the Red army; with hundreds of thousands of freshly trained men and using up-to-the-minute Russian, American and British equipment held the initiative. Sturdy soldiers drawn from all 11 republics of the Soviet Union, were feeling out the German strength in local attacks which foretold early offensive movements. Guerrillas, who in normal times would now be thinking of their crops, were surging through forests over a vast area all the way from the Crimea to Leningrad.

Forestall German Advance?

Russia’s midnight communique, reporting that the Kharkov advance continued, said the Red army had taken or destroyed at least 150 tanks in 48 hours on that front. Taking advantage of their first break through the German lines, the Russians fanned out and were reported to be constantly widening the breach. It was indicated that Marshal Semyon Timoshenko by his sudden blow had forestalled a German offensive from Kharkov, and that the vast amounts of war material which his men were taking, had been as-

sembled for the German attack.

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Our Tomato Editor Gets Advice From His “Public.” (Continued from Page One)

the ultimate degree, she thought, it'd be a great thing for production. I thought so, too. 11:30 A. M.—Dorothy Knisely of the Indianapolis symphony orchestra, who has done me a lot of ‘favors, called to say she wanted all the juice from the tomatoes. Needed it, she said, to make her healthy. Okay, Dottie, get a barrel ready.

Possibly You Too —Prefer Potatoes

1:30 P. M.—William A. Riffey of 814 N. Sherman drive reported that this tomato proposition didn’t come as a complete surprise to him. He has a plan whertby you grow potatoes by the barrel on something * like the same idea. You plant a potato, then build a box affair around it. - As the potato grows, you keep putting more

| dirt in the box until you've got

potatoes growing all the way up to the top of the box. / Terrific thing, he said. He insisted I put out a potato beside my tomato, but I explained that I had to reserve some time each day to devote to my’ job here at the paper. Thanks, anyway, though. 3:20 P. M.— Central library, where I've got mine planted, called to say a horde of suspicious dogs was gathering around my plant. Got to run up there right away. Danged mutts.

ENDS 60 YEARS AS CLERK NEW ULM, Minn. (U. P.).—Clement Halvorson declined to take office when re-elected as town clerk —and with gogd reason. Halvorson, 88, had served 60 years.

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Maj.-Gen. Lewis H. Brereton, commander of the U. S. air force in India, is pictured with: officers of his staff. Left to right, standing are: Lieut.-Col. Birrell Walsh, Brig. Gen. Earl Naiden (chief of staff), Lieut.-Col. Henry E. Strickland, Col. Emmet O'Donnell Jr., and Lieut.-Col. Samuel S. Lamb.

Be STATE COLLEGE, Pa. . Patriotic citizens who gag on those high notes * when, ‘they, sing “The|,

‘Border Wars’ Blaze Ww as East Limits Supplies

‘To Motorists. (Continued from Page One)

gasoline or other Teinnite programs. Sponsor of the Fesiution, Senator Sheridan Downey (D. Cal), said he knew of Tio “one else who was going to vote for it. Senators who interpreted the resolution as ‘meaning that they should give up their X ration cards—permitting an unlimited supply of

gasoline—and get cards limiting the amount of gas they should use were ready to go on record overwhelmingly against it. Many congressmen, resentful : of

'Complacent, Unready Burma Lost Before Japs Attacked’

(Continued from Page One)

Thakins organized ambushes and prepared the way for the enemy

advance. Thakins moved about the country by night in bands, burning villages friendly to the imperials and causing a wholesale flight of peasants. Travelers had to be alert constantly for snipers, and for wires stretched across roads at night just high enough to decapitate those who passed in open motor cars. The imperial troops who are now fighting the Japanese far in the north are the same ones, unrelieved, who fought them last December.

Forced Chinese to Wait

- American-made, British driven tanks and the few men flown from India were almost the only reinforcements. The tanks were handicapped by the terrain, but they prolonged resistance considerably and permitted the imperials to break through several road blocks without abandoning their transport. The Japanese controling the bay of Bengal were. constantly reinforced. All the time, across Burma's northern = frontier, thousands of Chinese soldiers waited, for nearly two months, before in March they were permitted to come in and take over part of the front. Chinese officers have insisted to me that they would have been able to hold the Japanese behind the Sittang river had permission been given earlier for them to join the imperials.

Lacked Communications

As it was, the Chinese occupied Toungoo when the imperials were withdrawn up the Irrawaddy river, and the Chiense had to withdraw, to strengthen their line, because their left flank was exposed.

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attacks because they had accepted X-cards allowing them unlimited gasoline supplies, and aware of the political dynamite involved, said they had ‘ acceptéd the X-cards simply becausé they believed the cards représented accepted policy for government officials.

Didn’t Realize Catch

Thgy said they had gone to the tables which had been set up in the capitol for registration of congressmen, signed a blank given them because that’s what everyone was doing, without reailzing there was a “mousetrap” catch fo the tking. “The girls who were registering at the table where I was didn’t even have A or B-cards for smaller quantities of gasoline,” said one congressman. “There certainly was no attempt to promote the idea of gasoline conservation.” Congressional secretaries, many of whom t the unlimited X-cards, had a ar report. Some said they had gone to a school near the capitol to register and had been told there, as a matter of instruction, that first secretaries of senators and representatives were to get Xcards. ‘ Both congressmen and secretaries, in many instances, yesterday exchanged X-cards of the day ‘before for limited-amount B-cards.

Check on Chiselers

Some congressmen blamed congressional clerical officials ‘for their X-card troubles, and others even suggested certain administrative officials had foreseen the X-card registration as a means of making congress as a body the scapegoat. Meanwhile, tabulation of the gasoline registration cards was expected today to disclose the extent of chiseling. * The unanticipated demand for X and B cards was ground for suspicion that thousands of “non-es-sential” motorists had given false information..to get high gallonage ration cards. Unofficial estimates were that 75 |per cent of the estimated 8,500,000 I! trants classified themselves as essential motorists and obtained X

Imperials, Chinese and Americans agree that one of the: great difficulties was the lack of communications. : The railroad broke down when laborers fled under Japanese bombings. Chinese workmen took over, under Capt. Paul Jones, former Los Angeles radio announcer, now in the United States army. The Japanese were believed to be using portable radios with hand generators. They maintained excellent radio communication and Japanese commanders were able to keep in touch with even the most isolated units far in the jungle.

Allied Forces Isolated

Often the imperials and Chinese were out -of communication for days, and co-ordination was bad as the result. One British baftalion was 'isolated for two days, surrounded, because headquarters could not get through the order to retire. Burma has excellent interlocking roads, but there were no adequate roads from India. - The weight was put on Rangoon, and it fell to the Japanese early in the campaign. With Rangoon’s fall, both China and Burma were cut off from’ any route through which sufficient reinforcements and supplies might have been brought in for either organization of a cqunter-often-sive or for successful defense.

A. V. G. Does Great Work

Burma's air force,~for the first few weeks, was saved by the presence of a squadron of the American volunteer group under squadron commander Arvid Olson of Chicago. But later, even with the arrival

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the air force was never strong enough to defend Burma. The Japanese got control of the air. Their planes, bombers, fighters, reconnaissance ranged over country at will, bombing, machine gunning, watching every move of the defending troops. The A. V. G. did prove that the Japanese were far from invulnerable. In every dog fight, though always outhumbered, they humili-

and pilots the Japanese had. Numbers Beat Yanks

Numbers beat them. They could not defend their few airfields, and finally the role of the A. V. G. and the R. A. F. ended except fer sporadic raids. At the end there were no bases near enough to the front to permit the planes to support the ground forces, because no warning system could be maintained. Because of lack of reconnai.sance the Japanese moved northward without being spotted, and the Japanese were able to walk across a road behind attacking British tanks and form a road block which cost three days and hundreds of men to eliminate.

Civilian Morale Weak Burmese civilian morale was weak from the start. Burmese fled from Rangoon before it was in danger. They withdrew money from banks, halted trade, and caused panic. When the Japanese bombed | Rangoon the people stood in the” streets looking at the, planes instead of seeking shelter. At times the dead lay in the streets for three days while laborers stood by, placidly observing. At Rangoon many ships bringing American lend-lease materials had to wait weeks to be unloaded. Finally, there was lack of confi-

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dence in Burmese civil govern« ment. Sir Paw Tun, the new prime minister, was the only cabinet minister who took the trouble to make a public statement during A the entire campaign. , !

M. P'S TO AID CIVILIANS WASHINGTON, May 15 (U. P.). —Specially-trained military police? units stationed at strategic spots throughout the nation will aid civilian populations to combat any emergency, the war department announced today. The units ny number 57.

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