Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 February 1942 — Page 3

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‘fearful men, who proclaimed that ‘Washington's cause was hopeless,

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life or fortune was secure, without freedom and free institutions.

‘A New Kind of War

The present great struggle has ' taught us increasingly that freedom (of person. and security of property anywhere in the world depend upon the security of the rights and obligations of liberty and justice everywhere in the world. This war is a new kind of war. It is different from all other wars of the past, not only in its methods | ‘and weapons but also in its phy. It is warfare in terms of every contirient, every island, every sea, every airplane In the world. ¢ That is the reason why I have ed you to take out and spread ore | the map of the whole h, [and to follow with me the eferences which I shall make to -world-encircling battle lines of war Many questions will, I fear, reunanswered; but I know you realize I cannot cover everyin any one report to the: peo-

Pp he broad oceans which have heralded in the past as our from attack have be-

We must all understand and face the hard fact that our job now is fight at distances which exall the way around the globe. e fight at these vast distances ause that is where our enemies

til our flow of supplies gives us ‘clear superiority we must keep on striking our enemies wherever we ‘meet them, even if, for a while, we have to yield ground. Actually we are taking a heavy

“toll of the enemy every day that

by. | ‘must fight at these vast disto protect our supply lines and our lines of communication with our allies—protect these lines the enemies who are bending ounce of their . strength, against time, to cut them. ie object of the Nazis and the is to separate the United Britain, China and Russia,

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so: that each will be surded and cut off from sources of supplies and reinforcements. It is the old familiar axis policy of “divide and conquer.”

SALING-srP DAYS GONE ire are those who still think i of the days of sailing-

vise us to pull our’ward our planes and our erchant ships to our own home waters and concentrate solely on A tch defense. But let me illustrate what would hap if we followed such foolish advice. | \t your map. t the vast area of China. k at the vast area of Russia, with iss powerful armies and proven mili t. ¢ at the British Isles, AusZealand, the Dutch In- | Near East and the conof Africa, with their reof raw materials and of determined to resist axis

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t North America, Central |S South America. vious what would happen great reservoirs. of cut off from each other enemy action or by selflation: uld no longer send ald to China—to the brave Sor nearly five years, Japanese assault,

(U. P.).—The text of Presi-|| ‘dent Roosevelt's address last

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from in miles

This map shows why President Roosevelt described as “hopeless” any project to send to relieve Gen. MacArthur in the Philippines. Hemmed in by multiple rings of Jap bases, the forces MacArthur must fight on unaided as they are cut of f from supply or bomber help. :

fleet of

At, the same time, she could immediately extend her conquests to India, and through the Indian ocean, to Africa and the Near East. 3. If we were to stop sending munitions to the British and the Russians in the Mediterranean and Persian gulf areas, we would help the Nazis to overrun Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Persia, Egypt and the Suez canal, the whole coast of North Africa and the whole coast of America. 4. If, by such a fatuous policy, we to protect the North Btiankie supply line to Britain and to Russia, we would help to cripple the splendid counter-offensive by Russia against the Nazis, and we would help to deprive Britain of essential food supplies and munitions.

NO ONE-WAY STREETS

Those Americans who believed that we could live under the illusion of isolationism wanted the American eagle to imitate the tactics of the ostrich: Now, many of those same people, afraid that we may be sticking our necks out. want our national bird to be turned into a turtle. But we prefer to retain the eagle as it is— flying high and striking hard. I know that I speak for the mass of the American people when I say that we reject the turtle policy and will continue increasingly the policy of carrying the war to the enemy in distant lands and distant waters—as far as possible from our own home grounds. There are four main lines of communication now being traveled by our ships; the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic, the Indian ocean and the South Pacific. These routes are not one-way

'streets—for the ships which carry|’

our troops and munitions outbound bring back essential raw materials which we require for our own use. The maintenance of these vital lines is a very tough job. It is a job which requires tremendous daring, tremendous resourcefulness, and, above all, tremendous production of planes and tanks and guns and of the ships to carry them. And I speak again for the American people when I say that we can and will do that job. The defense of the world-wide lines of communication demands

|relatively safe use by us of the sea

and of the air along the various routes; and this, in ‘turn, depends upon control by the united nations of the strategic bases along those routes. Control of the air invioves the simultaneous use of two types of planes—first, the long-range heavy bomber; and second, light bombers, dive bombers, torpedo planes, and short-range pi t planes which are essential to the protection of the bases and of the bombers themselves. Heavy bombers can fly under their own power from here to the southwest Pacific, but the smaller planes cannot. Therefore, these lighter planes have to be packed in crates and sent on board cargo ships.

JAPS ‘GOT THE JUMP

Look at your map again, and you will see that the route is long—and at many places perilous—either across the south Atlantic around south Afr , or from California to the East dies direct.

A vessel can make the round trip by either route in about four months, or only three round trips in a whole year. In spite of the length and difficulties of this transportation, I can tell you that we already have <a large number of bombers and pursuit planes, manned by American pilots, which are now in daily contact with the enemy in the south= west Pacific. And thousands -of American are today in that area en=

[aes operations not only in the {air but on the ground as well. |

In this battle area, Japan has

~ ||nad an obvious initial ‘advantage.

For she could fly even her short-

'|range planes to the points of at-

{tack by using many stepping stones

~— open to her—bases in a multitude lof Pacific islands and also bases

on the China, Indo-China, Thailand

land’ Malay coasts. Japanese troop

transports could go south from Ja-

|pan and China through the narrow tind Sl pick

can be

had been yielded to them by the Vichy French. On the north are the islands of Japan themselves, reaching down almost to northern Luzon. On the east are the mandated islands—which Japan had occupied exclusively, and had fortified in absolute violation of her written word.

WEAR DOWN THE ENEMY

These islands, hundreds of them, apear only as small dots on most maps. But they cover a large siyategic aread. Guam lies. in the middle of them ~—g lone outpost which we never fortified. . Under the Washington treaty of 1921° we had solemnly agreed not to add to the fortification of the Philippine islands. We had no safe naval base there, so we could not use the islands for extensive naval operations. Immediately after this ‘war started, the Japanese forces moved down on either side of the Philippines to numerous points south of them—thereby completely encircling the islands from north, south, east and west. It is that complete encirclement, with control of the air by Japanese land-based aircraft, which has prevented us from sending substantial reinforcements of men and material to ‘the gallant defenders of the Philivpines. : For 40 years it has always been our strategy—a strategy born of necessity—that in the event of a full-scale attack on the islands by Japan, we should fight a delaying action, attempting to retire slowly info Bataan peninsula and QGorregidor. We knew that the war as a whole would have :to be fought and won by a process of attrition against Japan Heel,

MAGNIFICENT MACARTHUR

We knew all along that, with our greater resources, we could outbuild Japan and ultimately overwhelm her on sea, on land and in the air. We knew that, to obtain our objective, many varieties of operations would be necessary in areas other than the Philippines. Nothing that has occurred in the past two months has caused us to revise this basic strategy—except that the defense put up by Gen. MacArthur has magnificently exceeded the previous estimates; and he and his men are gaining eterhal glory therefor. MacArthur's army of Filipinos and Americans, and the forces of the united" nations in Chins, Burma and the Netherlands East In-

same essential task. They are making Japan pay an increasingly terrible price for her ambitious attempts to seize control of the whole Asiatic world. Every Japanese transport sunk off Java is one less transport they can use to carry reinforcements to thei army opposing Gen. MacArthur in Luzon. It has been said that Japanese gains in the Philippines were made possible.only by the success of their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. I tell you that this is not so. en if the attack had not been made your map will show that it would have been a hopeless operation for us to send the fleet to the Philippines through thousands of miles of ocean, while all those island bases were under the sole control of the Japanese.

SLY RUMORS DENOUNCED

The consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor—serious as they were—have ‘ been wildly exaggerated in other ways. These exaggerations come originally from axis propagandists; but they have been

dies, are all together fulfilling the

‘than 1,000 airplanes at Pearl Har-

repeated, I regret to say, by Americans in and out of public life. You and I Have the utmost contempt for Americans who, since Pearl Harbor, have whispered or announced “off the record” that there was no longer any Pacific fleet—that the fleet was all sunk or destroyed on Dec. 7—that more than 1000 of our planes were: destroyed on the ground. They have suggested slyly that the government has withheld the truth about casualties—that 11,000 or 12,000 men were killed at Pearl Harbor instead of the. figures as officially announced. They have even served the enemy propagandists by spreading the incredible story .that shiploads of bodies. of our honored American dead were about to arrive in New York harbor to be put in a common grave. Almost every axis broadcast directly quotes Americans who, by speech Or in the press, make damnable Inisstatements such as these. | The American people realize that in many cases details of military operations cannot be disclosed until we are absolutely certain that the

enemy military information which he does not already possess.

SOLEMN PACT OF TRUTH

Your government has unmistakable confidence in your ability to hear the worst, without flinching or losing heart. You must, in turn, have complete confidence that your government is keeping nothing from you except information that will help the enemy in his attempt to destroy us. In a democracy there is always a solemn pacj’of truth between gov‘ernment the people; but there must also always be a full use of discretion—and that word “discretion” applies to the critics of government as well. This is war. The American people want to know; and will be told, the general trend of how the war is going. But they do not wish to help the enemy any more than our fighting forces do; .and they will pay little attention to the rumor-mon-gers and poison peddlers in our midst. ;

To pass from the realm of rumor and poison to the field of facts: The number of our officers and men killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7 was 2340, and the number wounded was 946.

Of all the combatant ships based on Pearl Harbor—battleships, heavy cruisers, light cruisers, aircraft carriers, destroyers and submarines— only three were permanently put out of commission.

LOSSES ARE EXPECTED

Very many of the ships of the Pacific fleet were not even in Pearl Harbor. Some of those that were there were hit very. slightly, and others that were damaged have either rejoined the fleet by now or are still undergoing repairs. When those repairs are completed, the ships will be more eflicient fighting machines than they were before. ‘The teport that we lost more

bor is as baseless as the other weird rumors. The Japanese do not know just how many planes ‘they destroyed that day, and I am not going to tell them. But I can say that to date— and including Pearl Harbor—we have destroyed considerably more Japanese planes than they have destroyed of ours. We have most certainly suffered losses—from Hitler's U-boats in the Atlantic as well as from the Japanese in the Pacific—and we shall suffer more of them before the turn of the tide. - i But, speaking for the United

U. S. Well on

re

Arms Goal, Nation Is Told |

WASHINGTON, Feb. 24 (U. P.) ~<Fantastic or not, the United States is well on the way toward attaining the tremendous arma ment production goal announced almost two months ago. at. 1s Naa seperti. sili Hus. You Becudents Shout

Way Toward

announcement will not give to the|

States of America, let me say once y

very close to their maximum output of planes, guns, tanks and ships. The united nations are not —especially the United States of America. Our first job then is to build up production so that the united nations can maintain control of the seas and attain control of the air -—not merely a slight superiority, but an overw superiority. On Jan. 6 of this year, I set certain definite goals of production for ‘airplanes, tanks, guns and ships, The axis propagandists called them fantastic. Tonight, nearly two months later, and after a careful survey of progress by Donald Nelson and others charged with responsibility for our production, I can tell you that those goals will be attained. In every part of the country, experts in production and the men and women at work in the plants are giving loyal service. With few exceptions, labor, capital and farming realize that this .is no time either to make undue profits or to gain .special advantages, one over the other. We are calling for new plants and additions to old plants and for plant conversion to war needs. We are seeking more men and more women to run them. We are working longer hours. We are coming to realize that extra plane or extra tank or extra gun or extra ship completed tomorrow may, in a few months, turn the tide on some distant battlefield; it may make the difference between life and death for some of our fighting men. We know that if we lost this war it will be generations or even cen-

mocracy can:live again, = # And we can lose" this war-only Af we slow up in our effort or if we waste our ammunition snipng at each other.

NO SPECIAL PRIVILEGES

Here are three high purposes for every American; 1. We shall not stop work for a single day. If any dispute arises we shall keep on working while the dispute is solved by mediation, conciliation or. arbitration—until the war is won. ; 2. We shall not demand special gains or special privileges or advantages for any one group or occupation. 3. We shall give up conveniences and modify the routine of our ‘lives if our country asks us to do 's0. We will do it cheerfully, re‘membering that the. common enemy seeks to destroy every home and every freedom in every part of our land. - This generation of Americans has come to realize, with a present and personal realization, that there is something larger and more important than the life of any individual or of any individual group—something for which a man will sacri-

his pleasures, not only his goods, not only his associations with those he ‘loves, but his life itself. In time of crisis when the future

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been one persistent theme through all axis propaganda.

This theme has been that Amer-

anid © at thet ae wit tor al to he plo BI of ine

The Task—and How U

turies before our :eonception of de- g

fice, and gladly sacrifice, not only}

Roosevelt's address:

our job now is

and pursuit with the enemy a opm

ments of men and material.”

Citizens Can Get IF L

WASHINGTON, Feb. 2 (U. Po ~Highlights. ot President

The Immediste Task Understand and tas fo hard tact that to fight at distances which extend: all the way ie th labe. un For awhile we have to yield ground.” Aid to Allies—“We already have a large number of bombers planes, manned by American pilots, in daily contact in the southwest Pacific. Thousands of Amerin that area. . . .” all-important job of keeping war materials flowing to the allies, Aid to MacArthur—It is Japana’s encirclement of the Philippines “which has prevented use from sending substantial reinforce

A:Long War—The war as a whole will be a process of attrition; we can “outbuild Japan and ultimately overwhelm her.”

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We can and will do the

The united nations constitute an association of independent peoples of equal dignity and importance. The united nations aré dedicated to a common cause. We share equally and with equal zeal the anguish and awful sacfifices of war.

' In the partnership of our common enterprise we must share in a unified plan in which all of us must play our several parts, each of us being equally indispensable and dependent one on the other. We have unified command and co-operation and comradeship.

ALLIES ARE UNITED

We Americans will contribute unified production and unified acceptance of sacrifice and of effort. That means a national unity that can know no limitations of race or creed or selfish politics. - The American people expect that much from themselves.

And the American people will find ways and means of expressing their| determination to their enemies, including the Japanese admiral who has said that he will dictate the terms of peace here in the White House. We of the united nations are agreed on certain broad principles in the kind of peace we seek. The Atlantic Charter applies not only to the parts of he world that border the Atlantic but to the whole world; disarmament of aggressors, self-determination of nations and peoples, and the four freedoms— freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. The British and the Russian people have known the full fury of Nazi onslaught. There have been times when the fate of London and Moscow was in serious doubt. But there was never the slightest question that either the British or the Russians would yield. And today all the united nations

Tom. Paine wicie.thoae. woidsion a

la drum head by the light of a * '%

was retreating across New Jersey, having tasted ‘nothing but defeat,"

country; but he that stands it no deserves the love and thanks man and woman. . Tyranny, Hell, is not easily conquered; we have this consolation with

more glorious the triumph.” So spoke Americans in the. year: 1776. :

salute the superb Russian army as|

So speak Americans today!

doing a dou business on C

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