Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 January 1942 — Page 1

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Times

FORECAST: Partly cloudy to fair this afternoon and tonight; colder tonight with lowest temperature 5 to 10.

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[Soups —wowardll VOLUME 53—NUMBER 255

FRIDAY, JANUARY 2, 1942

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Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.

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U. S.. BRITAIN, RUSS SIGN ‘FINISH FIGHT PLEDG

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JA. CHINA

Japs Occupy Manila; Resistance Will Continue

U.S. Resents Reds’ ‘Cowardice’ Claim

'Uncalled For, Untrue,' Say Critics of Moscow's Press Attack on Manila Defenders

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Times Foreign Editor

WASHINGTON,

Jan. 2.—The Russian charge of

“cowardice” against Gen. Douglas MacArthur and his defense force at Manila is deeply pesented here as uncalled

for and untrue.

The fact that the criticism was prominently featured in Pravda

y

one of the two principal mouthpieces of the Kremlin and of Premier

Stalin, is regarded as seriously aggravating the incident.

leged that the United Svates used

(Pravda al“Petain” tactics

in its efforts to spare Manila from Japanese bombs. American leaders there, it went on, acted like “ladybugs,” which, lacking the courage to fight, roll over on their backs and stick their legs toward the sky when an enemy appears. People who act like that,

it said, “are cowards”).

In the United States, where the press is free, editorials represent merely the opinions of individual editors or owners. In Russia, newspapers are owned by the government and rigidly controlled

by it.

The newspapers Pravda and Izvestia are the principal organs of the Communist Party and of the Soviet government. At one time, Stalin was an editor of Pravda. _ Secretary of War Stimson said he would rather not engage in a controversy on the subject. but made it quite evident at he regards

the defense of the Philippines as being in the hands of “our most Other high officials take a simifar view. The exchange of insulting remarks between Allies—even if well founded and not, as in this case, based on snap judgment and incomplete information — simply §Sh't done, ® ® = Their Memories Are Short PRIVATELY, opinions are be

ing expressed here, For one thing, it is said, Pravda appears to be afflicted with a short memory. It seems to have forgotten that in the first rush of the Nazis last summer, Russian-held areas several times the size of the whole Philippine archipelago were quickly seized. Some 50,000,000 Russians were driven from their homes and the major part of industrial Russia was occupied before the German hordes were stopped. This is not said in criticism of Russians, though in manpower they outnumbered the Nazis by more than two to one and their mechanical equipment was at jeast equal to that of the enemy. ® = =

Caught By Surprise THEY WERE taken by surprise —as was the United States on Dee. 7—and it takes time to or-

ganise an adequate defense against a thoroughly prepared aggressor, This, it is pointed out, Pravda seems to have forgotten. Moreover, it is added, such criticism comes with exceptionally bad grace from a country which has been, and continues to be, the recipient of ald from the United

States. But for the material sent across . the Atlantic, it is remarked, the United States might have had more tanks, planes, guns and other munitions on hand in the Philippines. Said a Senator: “Uncle Sam is like the man in the parable. He stripped himself to

What's Russia's Reason?

AS OFFICIAL organs, it fis pointed out, Pravda and Izvestia seldom publish an article of such consequence without some specific reason, and never without official ‘approval. The question now is, what is Russia's reason? Officially the United States and Russia tre not allies. They just

happen to be fighting a common

Russia Js not fighting Japan, : tion being that she have signed a nonAgETess It is fecalled, 3 that Russia and Poland i & Similar pact in 1939 when Russia with Germany, inOme. are wondering, therefavda’s outbursts does than appears on the

RUSSIANS THINK

U. 3. ‘T00 SOFT’

But Writer Believes Criticism Means No Change In Red Policy.

By A. T. STEELE Copyright, 1942, by The Indianapolis Times KUIBYSHEV, Jan. 2.—The bitingly satirical article on the defense of Manila, published prominently on Wednesday in the official Soviet organ Pravda is bitter medicine for Americans to swallow, but there is no doubt that it represents the view of many in this country. The article, signed by D. Zazlavsky, one of the outstanding political writers of the Soviet Union, lashes the defenders of Manila for declaring their metropolis an open city in face of the Japanese advance. “A self-respecting nation does not fear the destruction of its buildings,” Zazlavsky writes. “The moral destruction which opens approaches into a country for the enemy is much more to be feared.” Zazlavsky claims that Manila could withstand a siege and that privations and misery would be well compensated for in the glory of the people and the exhaustion of the enemy forces. This view reflects the rather common attitude in this country where it is felt that the Americans must go through a painful toughening process and must put a lower price on life, if they are to face up sucH cessfully to such hardened fighters as the Germans and Japanese. It is hard to guess ot the motive behind these articles but there is no reason to suppose that they indicate any change in Soviet policy. They are accompanied in the Soviet press by other articles extremely friendly in nature.

DR. FERREE RENAMED HEALTH SECRETARY

Approval of Board.

Dr. John W. Ferree, secretary of the State Board of Health today was reappointed by Governor

ment. His salary is $5400 a year. There had been some opposition

————

CAVITE NAVAL

U. S. Holds Strong Gateway To Bay; Americans

North of City.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (U. P.).—The City of Manila and the United States naval base

Action Follows Unanimous.

at nearby Cavite fell into Japanese hands today. The War Department said that the Japanese troops in Manila were reported to be “limited to a size necessary for police duties and maintenance of order.” Valiant American and Filipino defenders under Gen. Douglas MacArthur had to abandon the capital and the base, but they still held

strong positions north of Manila and on fortified islands that command Manila Bay. The War Department earlier had denied any information on a Tokyo report that Gen. MacArthur had

been wounded in the shoulder by

shrapnel. New Defense Line Established

The fall of undefended Manila was announced in a War Department communique which said: “Advanced elements of Japanese troops entered Manila at 3 p. m,, Jan, 2, 1942 (Manila Time).” This was about midnight, Indianapolis time. Evacuation of Cavite was reported by the Navy in another communique, stating: : “All ships and naval personnel were removed from the ManilaCavite area prior to enemy occupation.” The loss of Manila, which had been in United States hands for 43 years, had been practically a foregone conclusion ever since last night’s War Department communique disclosing that American defenders in the north and south had been united,

Hold Other Garrisons

The approximate position of the new defense line appeared to be a semi-circle anchored on the west at the subsidiary naval base of Olangapo and at an unknown point in the east, north of Manila, Manila is on Luzon, the main island of the Philippine group, which comprise about 7000 islands in all. The principal battles have been fought on Luzon al there has been scattered action on other islands, especially on Mindanao, southernmost of the group. On Mindanao, the American forces still are believed to have centers of resistance beyond Davao, the port and capital of the largely undeveloped province which long ago was settled by Japanese colonists who formed an effective Fifth Column at the outset of the war. There are still some secondary U. S. garrisons or bases on other (Continued on Page Seven)

Commandos Raid Nazi Base in Norway

Sorin Commatiiion In surprise: dawn Iandibe, Desde, on He small Gesnancosenfipd port of Vang: sot, Norway, killed, wounded or took prisoner almost the entire gartison of upwards of 200 mev, They ‘blitzed’ all the industrial plants and dynamited and spiked all the coastal guns that protect this important assembly place for Norwegian coastal conveys. Shown in this radiophoto just received from London is; the evacuation of British wounded to Invasion barge during rad.

BLIZZARD GRIPS MIDWEST AREA

Temperature Dips to 18 Here; Snow Clogs Roads In lowa, Illinois.

LOCAL TEMPERATURES

6am ....20 10am, ...18 Tam... 2 Nam ....18" 8am .... 19 12 (moon) .. 1 a.m «...18 1pm .... 19

A blizzard gripped wide areas of the Middle West today with freezfhg temperatures and snow flurries as Indianapolis’ share. Most seriously affected were northern Illinois and Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin where snow drifts clogged highways and delayed train and bus transportation. The Weather Bureau forecast here was for fair skies and colder te ratures during the day. The low temperature of the last 24 hours was 18 degrees, The drop in temperature yesterday afternoon was accompanied by winds reaching 25 miles an hour in velocity and followed a freak Jan. 1 thundershower. Bus lines suspended schedules between Milwaukee and Minneapolis, and north and west from Chicago. (Continued on Page Seven)

BANK CALLS ISSUED WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (U. P).— The Comptroller of the Currency today issued a call on all national banks for their condition as of Dec. 31.

The Indiana Department of Fie nancial Institutions today issued a cali on all state banks for their condition as of Dec. 31.

N

Start Sale of 1942 Auto Tags

IN ANSWER to many inquiries, the State Motor Vehicle License Department ‘today announced that the deadline for the purvhase of 1942 drivers’ license, is the same as that for license plates-<March 1. Both 1942 license plates and drivers’ licenses went on sale today at branch offices throughout the state and long lines of motorists seeking to get their plates and drivers’ licenses early, formed at many of the offices.

XOHLMEYER TO BE WILLIS’ SECRETARY

Educator Due to Replace James Carr.

Charles F. Kohimeyer, an official in the Indiana Department of Public Instruction, will be named soon as secretary to Senator Raymond E. Willis, it was learned today. He is expected to assume his new duties about Jan. 15. He will succeed James Carr, who resigned several weeks ago. Mr. Carr, who is executive secretary of the Riley Memorial Association and former Republican State Committee publicity director, served as Senator Willis’ secretary for a year, He accepted the post originally on a temporary basis. Frank Rawley, lifelong Angola friend of Senator Willis, has been serving as acting secretary since Mr, Carr's resighation. Mr. Kohlmeyer has been director of teachers training and licensing under Dr. C. T. Malan since June 1.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (U. P).— President Roosevelt today denounced as “stupid” and “unjust” the increasing discharges of loyal, efficient workers in American industries “smiply because they were born abroad or because they have ‘foreign-sounding’ names.” “I am deeply concerned over the increasing number of reports of employers discharging workers who happen to be aliens or even foreign-

Roosevelt Protests Discharge of Workers Because Their Names Sound Foreign

The statement of the President's views on discrimination against patriotic aliens came after a conference with Attorney General Francis Biddle. The chief executive said unfair discharge of aliens and foreign-born citizens “plays into the hands of the enemies of American

plants, such as airplane and engine factories, away from ‘coastal areas, possibly scattering them over wide interior areas. He said this would obviate the possibility of a single bombing raid being capable of destroying a come plete plant. The process under study does not mean simply moving an entire de. fense plant from one spot to another, he said, but would mean that

SALES OF NEW AUTOS HALTED

Production of All Cars to End in 30 Days Under OPM Orders.

(Another Story, Page 13)

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (U. P).— The average man who has been thinking about swapping the old car for a new one but has hesitated because of the state of the world, doesn’t have to worry any more. He can’t do it now even if he has made up his mind and has the cash. The Office of Production Management is rushing plans to convert every facility of the automobile industry to the production of implements of war. All sales of new automobiles were halted as of yesterday, and production of automobiles will be stopped completely 30 days hence.

Affects 350,000 Workers

A rationing system will be worked out in the next few days to dispose of those cars that will be manufactured in the next month. Passenger cars and light trucks probe ably will be rationed in much the same manner as that to be used for distributing tires and tubes. The tire and tube rationing sys tem goes into effect Monday. Civile fans will be able to purchase only used and retreaded tires and tubes unless they are on the Government’s list of “essential” users. The “essential” purchasers of automobiles probably will conform to that of tires and tubes — doctors, surgeons, visiting nurses, and vehicles necessary to the public health and safety. Alvan Macauley, president of the Automobile Manufacturers Association and chairman of the Automo(Continued on Page Seven)

CONGRESS ADJOURNS

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (U, P).— The first session of the T7th Congress adjourned sine die at 11:40 a. m. (Indianapolis Time) today.

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PEACE OF 4

WASHINGTON, Jan. 2

President Roosevelt was

from the White House.

ing Panamanian Ambassador

The declaration was sai only two points—a pledge to and a pledge to co-operate t the war.

nations opposing the Axis.

pointed out the chief executi speaking nations are currentl

Great Britain.

for Foreign Affairs.

‘ralia, Belgium, the Netherla »

ALLIED ‘SURPRISE’ PREPARED FOR JAPS

Bardia Captured, Russians Smashing Ahead.

By JOE ALEX MORRIS United Press Foreign Editor Allied forces in the Far East were moving into place for an “unpleasant surprise” for Japan as the Washington pledge for a fight to the finish with the Axis was signed. Meanwhile in Libya, the capture of Bardia, last Axis stronghold between Egypt and Tobruk was captured By British forces. In Russia, the Red command claimed the last stable defensive line of the Germans had been broken and that the Axis was in full retreat, Axis radio reports said Joseph Stalin was on the way to Washington to confer with President Roosevelt, but this was not confirmed from any other source.

Developments included:

BATAVIA — American warships and airplanes are co-operating with the defenders of the East Indies, a Batavia communique disclosed. The communique said Japanese planes had attacked and slightly damaged one of the American warships which were aiding the Dutch and that two American planes also had been slightly damaged. Gen. Hein Ter Poorten, Dutch East Indies commander, said the Americans and Dutch were preparing an unpleasant surprise for Japan. SINGAPORE—A statement from a responsible source in London said that Singapore would be held with American and other co-operation.

BURMA-—Chinese troops have moved into Burma, under Gen.

NO SEPARATE

15 VOW ALLIES

to Join in Agreement

To Carry on War Until End; Strategy Talks Continue.

(U. P.).—The United Statens

Great Britain, China and Russia have signed a declaration that they will fight the Axis to a finish and that none of them will accept a separate peace, it was learned today.

expected to announce the pact

later this afternoon. He told his morning press conference an important statement would be forthcoming in a few wi

It was understood that several other nations also hay agreed, or soon will agree, to the anti-Axis pact. Several envoys visited the State Department during the day, inclu

Ernesto Jaen Guardia ¥

reporters he had sighed a declaration of anti-Axis SOM Two Points in Declaration ;

id to be brief, and to contali enter into no separate peace, oward victorious conclusion of

The agreement apparently is the first concrete result of the talks Mr. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Wins ston Churchill have been holding here with spokesmen for The conferences also have ov ered supply and command problems. No details were available immediately, but it wig

ves of the two great Englishe y in the White House and pres

sumably signed the agreement for the United States and

Also in Washington are T. V. Soong, new Foreign Mine ister of the Chinese Nationalist Government, and Ambasgae dor Maxim Litvinov, who also is the Soviet Vice-Commissar

Special Pacific Plans Denied Envoys from these countries visited the State Depart. ment today and were believed to have signed the pact: Ause

nds, Costa Rcia, Honduras, El Salvador, Cuba, Haiti, Guatee mala, Luxembourg, Czecho= slovakia, Dominican Republie, Nicaragua and the Union of

South Africa. They called at the office of Ase sistant Secretary of State’ Adolf A, Berle, ‘where the signing ceremonies apparently were taking place. Mr. Roosevelt, at his press cone ference, scotched earlier reports that he and Mr. Churchill had cons cluded some special agreement for Allied defenses of the Pacific, The President said he knew of no plan relating only to the Pacific. A reporter asked whether, as a

with Mr. Churchill would lead to extension of the Atlantic Charter to the Pacific.

tire world, the President replied.

Mum on Admiral King

He declined to comment on ree ports that Admiral Ernest J. King commander-in-chief of the U, 8 fleet, would be selected as the sue preme commander of the Allied fleets, and that Gen. Archibald Py Wavell, commander - in - chief of Britain’s Ihdian forces, would be named supreme commander of Ale lied land forces in the Pacific war theater, The pace of the British-American war-planning conversations had quickened during the past 24 hours, Presence of King yesterday at an afternoon

role .in operation ot the Allied fleets. 3 tawa yesterday. He attended spes cial New Year's prayer services with Mr. Roosevelt at George W ton’s Church in Alexandria, and then plunged into the Allied .

hr Ha

plan for unity of action

The charter which he and Mr, Churchill drew up in mid-ocean last August applied not only to the Atlantic, but to the efie |

Mr. Churchill returned from Ote:

London dispatch indicated, his talks

4

Roosevelt - Churchill | meeting inspired widespread belief ' that he ‘might have an important