Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 December 1941 — Page 15

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MONDAY, DEC. 22, 1941

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SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 22. —The war and that first Japanese plane scare caught San Francisco with its pants down. But now that the first jitters are over San Francisco is pulling its pants on fast. At first there was a terrible confusion of mind all over town. Some people seared stiff: some refused to eve there any danger at all; thé m didn't even know they thought. But since then the public mind has settled down, the people in charge have fired up their boil.

ers, and the business of creating a system whereby San Francisco will care for itself if the bombers come is well under way This city began stu its (Civil defense last spring. By August it had formulated n. all-inclusive plan, and had it printed in booklet the best in the country.

But it was just a paper plan, and nothing more. No new fire equipment was bought, no uniforms or tools for air raid wardens were ordered, no shelter sites were picked.

But It's Different Now

ALL THAT has changed. There is action everywhere, Within a week after the war started, 40,000 people had signed up for civil defense. Training has already begun, and wardens are at their posts during blackouts. Eventually there will be 10,000 air raid wardens. The Fire Department will add 3000 auxiliary firemen. The Police Department will be expanded. Of course it will take weeks or months to train all these people, but at least training is finally under way. Even if the raiders should come before this new defense organization is all hung together and running smoothly, it wouldn't be such a debacle as it might have been. For the Red Cross has not been asleep. It has its whole organization trained and equipped and spotted all over the city. They say that, if the bombers had ‘come that first night, the Red Cross and medical setups could have handled 10,000 casualties. Hospitals already have equipped themselves to operate during blackouts. Several hospitals are being evacuated—with the less seriously ill patients dis-

By Ernie Pyle

is ible raids as It is to receive the wounded The Slow start in elvil defense here just

but t

of experience for an all-out

warning weren't ready ad, Re he weather hadn't turned bad that night Germans might have wn. !

burned London do Blackout Rules Ave Strict

BUT YOU LEARN fast under direct peril, and be<| fore the winter was over old British grandmas and]

tiny British children were puting out incendiaries as|

casually and unheroically as though they were blowing out matches. The first two nights of blackout here, most people were convinced that Japanese planes actually were over the city. But by the time the third blackout came along, six days after the war began, figuring this way—well, if there were Japanese why hasn't the Navy found the carrier and sunk it by this time? So now many people believe there are no Japanese planes around, and that there never 3 any. The public agrees that the Army did a wise thing in making the scare real at first, and in taking no chances. ; Most San Franciscans are thoroughly convinced, however, that the Japanese bombers will come soon-

er or later, and so they're going about their civil de«|

fense preparations with the greatest of seriousness, The blackout regulations are plenty strict. They forbid any private vehicle to move after the sirens sound. They forbid the showing of any light what< ever, even cigarets or flashlights, Violators can get to six months in jail and a $500 fine. (In Engl

as I told you Saturday, it's all right to smoke ei ts) | on the street and to use dim flashlights, pointed downs | § )

It won't take long for blackouts to be runn smoothly here, Already I can sense how naturally an easily people are falling into the new blackout life. They'll soon be able to live in it, just as Londoners do. And from what I've seen of them, I think they will take actual bombings in just the same stoic way the British have.

Inside Indianapolis By Lowell Nussbaum

FABIEN ' SEVITZKY stopped in a coffee shop at South Bend after the Indianapolis Symphony concert there Wednesday night. In the shop were a group of ‘teen-agers who recognized the noted musician. The youngsters wanted to play the juke box but didn't want to offend him, So the girls held a council of war, then sent a committee of one to visit his table and ask: “Mr Sevitzky, do you mind if we play the jazz version of the Tschaikowski concerto?” Mr. Seviteky indicated there were quite a few things he'd rather hear. So the girls compromised and played “Boogie Woogie” three times. By the way, the orchestra director is concerned over the safety of his mother and two brothers in Russia. Last week he received a letter from his mother in Moscow. It was mailed Aug. 4. Several weeks ago he cabled her and received a reply that all was well. His brothers, veterans of the last war, probably are in the Russian Army, chasing Nazis,

Anonymous Defense

IN THE WINDOW at the Adams furniture store fs a table loaded with small oil lamps; described as “black out lamps.” “A little item we sincerely hope will Be useless,” adds the sign, . . . At some of the defense plants they're taking down signs and otherwise removing anything identifying the plants, Just an extra precaution. . . . The local national defense committee is conducting a letter campaign to raise £5000 to operate the committee's office. . . . The pub‘ie must have been pretty curious last month, The Library reports that its reference department answered more than 17,000 queries during the month.

Still Crowing

FRED F. BAYS, Democratic State chairman, and Ray E, Smith, secretary to the Governor, are cartying out the party's emblem in their Christmas greeting cards. Both have cards bearing pictures of roosters. Fred's cards are pretty deluxe. The printers

Washington

WASHINGTON, Dec. 22.—For obvious reasons officials do not wish to discuss at this time what is being done toward an allied compact for joint management of the war and for restoration of a free world after the victory. Except to say that discussions are going on, President Roosevelt remains silent. ¥igh officials in London have indicated that important announcements may be expected soon. The most logical and practical move would spring from the Atlantic Charter itself. This was drawn up on the high seas by President Roosevelt and Prime \ Minister Churchill last August,

before the United States went to war, As they said at the time, they were stating the principles common to the two countries on which they based their hopes for a better future of the world. This document related to the postwar world, but in Point Six the final destruction of Nazi tyranny was recognized as a necessary preliminary, Now that the United States has entered the war, the two Governments are in a position to transform that charter, or statement of principles, into a compact with which others like Russia, China, the Latin American nations and the governments in exile could affiliate. Thus would be set up the core of & new free world, bound together not only for victory but to win the peace afterward.

Only Means for Using Resources

SUCH A PROGRAM requires, first, joint conduct of the war. This could operate thro an interallied war council on the military side. With it would go joint economic measures, and pooling of shipping, plus fluid financial and material assistance already operating through the lend-lease ones The need for joint conduct of these activi is recognized everywhere as the only means of effectively using Al-

My Day

HYDE PARK, Sunday. -—After a busy day on Friday in New York City, I came up here yesterday. Just before Christmas there is al a great deal to do, delivering Is to on the and the people w :

Christmas spirit, sible for the present, "all T can do is to ever feels this time. It seems queer, in winter, thinking about shipping. England, but England about gardens received a notice New York home bureaus

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be for

mark on the back says: “Raphael Tuck & Sons, Ltd, publishers to their Majesties the King and Queen and her Majesty Queen Mary. Printed in London.” . .. Ralph Picard, of the FSA office, just back from Washington, says a popular card there is one with a small paper ax “to use vn the Axis” On the ax handle is a 10-cent defense stamp.

Dime Trouble

KEEPING THE LINE straight at the Mile.ODilnes is a bit more complicated than we'd imagined. It's the dogs and the pigeons. One of the Mile's guardians says the dogs go frisking across the line, kicking dimes hither and thither, and then stopping to nose a few more around out of idle curiosity. Chase the dogs away and here comes a flock of pigeons gliding down and kicking the line around. The pigeons even try to eat the dimes. Really, it's a dog's life, guarding that line.

Add the “Now It Can Be Told" department: Curtiss-Wright officials invested in a beautiful 28foot Christmas tree and 600 red, white and blue light bulbs. They hoisted the tree to the roof of the plant, and then turned right around and took it down again. It seems that the Army disapproved, contending it would be “a regular beacon up there” in wartime. So C-W compromised and set the tree up on the first floor of the Assembly plant.

Knife in the Back

MAX B. MILLER, Curtiss-Wright propellor plant employee, is looking for a Japanese interpreter. Patriotically incensed when he found that a Christ mas tree star bore the words, “Made in Japan” Mr.

Miller ripped it apart. Inside was a wad of newspaper —printed in what Mr. Miller takes to be Japanese He'd like to know what it says. . . . Slogans are an incentive for speed, out at the C-W plant. Over one of the machines is a large sign: “Every (propellor) blade a knife in the back of a Jap.” . . . The State Employment Service tells us there's an acute shortage of draftsmen, and that there's an excellent opportunity in the defense training classes, particularly for those who have had some experience in the building field.

By Raymond Clapper

lle resources over the literally world-wide front of © War In the second place, the program requires preparations now for managing the victory. President Roosevelt has just called on all state governments to begin preparation of programg of public works to cushion postwar unemployment, Similar forehandedness is necessary among the Allied nations, with commitments now to participate, so that social and political upheavals may be less severe. { The principles which will govern were outlined in the Atlantic Charter. Roosevelt and Churchill stated their common principles as opposition to aggrandizement by any country, or territorial changes not freely accepted by the peoples concerned; respect for the right of peoples to choose their own form of government; free access by all countries on equal terms to trade and raw materials; international collaboration to improve labor standards, economic advancement and social security: free use of the oceans by all; disarmament of aggressor nations until a wider and more permanent system of general security has been developed.

Build Around Hull Policy

THIS CHARTER was built around the core of our own international trade policy as outlined by Secretary Hull a few weeks earlier, on May 18. In a broadcast, Secretary Hull said the postwar program must not permit discrimination in commercial relations between nations. Raw materials must be avails able to all nations without discrimination, and international agreements Regulating the supply of commodities must be so handled as to protect consuming countries—a provision directed principally at the British and Dutch monopolies of tin and rubber in the Far East.

Mr. Hull also insisted that international finance must be set up to give aid to essential enterprises and continuous development of all countries, and to per-

open to every nation willing to co-operate in maine peace.

"By Eleanor Roosevelt

of Hitler's New

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A pasterby gazes at the bodies of victims of Germany's "new order" where in Jugeslavia. This picture was smuggled out of the little Balkan country which continues to resist the invaders under a guerilla army commanded by

some

NEN

Nazi Culture

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Gen. Draza Milhailovie. The Jugoslav government-in-exile charges that Hitler has threatened to treat the entire population of Belgrade as hostages for whole. sale slaughter unless resistance to the Nazis is brought to an end.

REDS’ SECRECY PAYS DIVIDENDS

Helps Them Surprise Nazis; Put Unexpected 300,000 Into Rostov Fight.

By CARROLL BINDER Copyright, 1941, by The Indianapolis Times and The Chicago Dally News, Inc. CHICAGO, Dec. 22.—Josef Stalin and his associates conduct the tightest mouthed government cn earth. Despite valuable assistance ace corded Russia by Great Britain and the United States, and the pledge of

vastly greater assistance, the Russians have insisted on playing their cards so close to the table that their Allies have never gained a clear idea as to how much strength Russia still possesses or Russia's military plans. But a very great benefit to the anti-Axis cause arises out of Russia's secretiveness,

Surprite Divisions

It has just come to the attention of tht writer that the reason the Russians late in November were able to drive the Germans out of Rostov—gateway to the Soviet oil fields, the principal military objective of the war in the East—was the sudden entry into the battle of 20 Russian divisions (300,000 men) of whose existence the Germans had been utterly unaware. The Germans pride themselves on their military intelligence and certainly it appears to have been far superior to the intelligence services of their enemies to date. But when the German armies, which had exhausted their last ounce of strength. to penetrate Rostov, suddenly encountered a host of fresh Soviet troops, apparently hailing from Siberia, of whose ex: jstence they had utterly no infor mation, even the lust for oil was not sufficient to keep them fighting. The German High Command on Nov. 20 grudgingly admitted “a partial withdrawal” from Rostov whose conquest it had so jubllantly proclaimed on Nov. 22.

Invincible Myth Blasted

The debacle which set in at Rostov in the south presently became manifest on the Moscow and Leningrad fronts. Reserves of men and material of which the Germans were unaware made their appear ance in those sectors, too. The Germans, who had expected to winter in captured Russian cities and were not adequately equipped in clothing or munitions to cope with the extreme Russian cold, turned tail and retreated in a mane ner which discredits the myth of German military invincibility and

American Designers Built Planes for

Fifth of a series of articles in which a veteran Far Eastern cor respondent, long resident in Japan, introduces American readers to their Oriental enemy, the Japanese.

By REGINALD SWEETLAND Copyright, 1041, by The Indianapolis Times and The Chicago Dally News, Ine, CHICAGO, Dec. 22.~~Once in a small town in inner Mongolia I stood beside a Chinese colonel watching a long contingent of Chinese infantry being moved down towards Peking to fight the Japanese. I asked the Chinese colonel to stop one of the marching men and show me his rifle He did. The rifle was made in Japan, A few days ago in a corner drugstore a lad behind

the counter said he was enlisting in the Navy.

Then he

added, “and the sad part of it is I shall face the possibility of being shot at by Japanese guns using Amer«

ican shells.”

Japan has always lacked raw materials, and we have

always supplied them in generous quantities.

The Jap-

anese have generally paid cash, or sold us silk and we have called them honest businessmen who know the meaning of business contracts, Japanese women, it might be said here, never wear

and never have worn silk hosiery, nor silk lingerie,

Silk

was too valuable as a national commodity, especially as it could establish credit in America for the, raw war materials that Japan urgently needed.

Japan saw the first danger signals hoisted when American girls and women started to boycott silk hosiery, and knew she had to act fast to store up oil in her refineries, iron in her foundry yards, rubber in her factories, as well as other war essentials that she had been collecting for years,

Japan, as every boy has been

taught, lacks essential raw materials, oil, rubber, manganese, tungsten, cotton, iron-these were not hers to squander. She got what she could, stored and hoarded. The present war is being

fought with those stored materials. How long can Japan continue to fight before she cracks economically? Navy people, in now from the Far East, and who should know, say two years. Japan, they say, oan replace her airplanes at the rate of 5000 a year but only for a period of two years. The same is given as the life of her oil supplies. Maybe the experts are right,

MAYBE THE EXPERTS know nothing about it. But one thing of which you may be sure is that most of Japan's published figures of her imports have been deliberately falsified. Figures of the Yokohama Species Bank reserve, intelligence men in the Far East have told me, are a deliberate understatement, Most nations exaggerate, They

HOLD EVERYTHING

| Oot, Ft regulation was designed to | assist boards which are having dif-

“lot.

| effecti [corps

wanf the enemy to be afraid of their power and resources. Japan's intention in understating these figures, so I was told, was to lull the Chinese into a feeling that Japan was weak. It's an old Asiatic custom, They keep to the left side of the street, we keep to the right, Again, there is no denying the, fact that the Japanese live on a‘ very low economic plane. The population of Japan have been caught in that very vicious vise: "Japan must expand territorially to take care of its tremendous increase in population. Mothers, we need more children.” Not only did she lack food, she lacked markets in which to sell her goods to provide the food. She also lacked modern instruments of war, Obligingly, for adequate fees, American plane designers went to Japan and showed the Japanese how to build planes, transports, fighters, bombers. British, German, French, showed her how to build battleships. And Japan strained her slight economic resources to build up her war machine, » o THE AVERAGE Japanese family paid for this. He saw things disappear from his table, He saw the comforts of life robbed from him. What the average American sees in his travels in Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe, and perhaps Osaka is only the facade of the nation. Behind that facade, of the usual tourist routes, lies a Japan that is unhealthy, starving, sick. There you will annually find famine. You will find 95 per cent of the revenue going into the military machine and none of it finding its way back into the small towns and villages. : You will find, as I have found, farmers literally selling their daughters—in Tokyo brothels (a Government monopoly) or into factories, The fathers get a few

Japanese

months’ pay, a beggar's wage, and the entrepreneur gets the wages for the remainder of the three or four-year serviture, Three years is about all the length of time these girls are good for. They develop tubercu=

. losis, cancer of the stomach from

poor food, and trachoma, They return to the farm or vile lage and die off within a short time. They cannot marry fér une der Japajjese custom the “bride provides the dowry, the homseful of furniture, and these girls are penniless. They have been sace rificed for the war machine, Mothers—more children please. What food will you find on the tahle? Rice—it is filling, and so it can make people fairly contented with their lot. Dried fish; bean curd soup; dried seaweed—the i0ne content prevents goiter—and mustard pickled radish, Meat? That is rare and expensive. You will find that in the expensive ho- | tels and restaurants on tourist routes. : ” ” ” KEPT AT A BARE subsistence ' level, the Japanese peasants are : hard workers. Nor do they come plain. Will they revolt under: this form of serviture? Probably not. They will bow towards the: direction of the imperial palace in Tokyo, read the doctored war : news, cheer and banzai, when | told to, and go about their jobs. | The patience of the Asiatic is eternal. He has never known anything differents This is his life. Except for shorter rations, more deaths in the ranks of the conscripts, times aren’t much dif ferent than they were for his father and grandfather. And yet, who can fathom the depths of the heart of any one of these patient peasants? He hasn't seen enough foreigners, Americans, to fear, hate or love them, That his rulers call them - the enemy is enough for him. He may not like his rulers, but he isn’t going to dispute the point with them,

Harmony Hall Plans Program

A CANDLELIGHT procession will highlight a Christmas program to be given at 7 o'clock vonight by the Harmony Hall Kindergarten at the Southern Mansion, 4426 Allisonville Road. ‘ Recitations will be given by Ronald Ranes, Bobbie Nitterhouse, Janet Hoffman, Stephaney Lee Moore, Donald Silvey and Carla Sue Flanders. A Christmas wording will include Joan Foxworthy, Johnnie Hill *Jerry Wingett, Patty Usher, Judy St. Claire, Carolyn Hawthorne and the Moore, Silvey and Flanders chil-

Sitio Newton will sing “Silent ght” and Joan Foxworthy will sing “Away in a Manger.” Miss

Agnes Jordan of Jngigtia Central’ College will be e pianist. Classes will reopen Jan. 12,

CURB ENLISTMENT OF REGISTERED MEN

Army recruiting boards today reto accept registered men for enlistment unless they could produce releases from their draft boards.

Service Director Hitchcock explained

ficulty in meeting quotas envy enlisumonns. TUS Tulng is ve throughout the Fifth

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1—“The Hay Wain” is the title of a book, operetta, or painting? 2—Name the bride of Hiawatha in Longfellow’s poem with that title, 3—A large, tall glass used for serve

ing beer or ale is called @&

SC = = « «1? 4—-Who wrote the familiar song “I Dream of Jeanie With the Light Brown Hair”? 5—Caius Cornelius Tacitus was 8 Roman emperor, statesman, or historian? 6-—Tall buildings are designed to sway with the wind; true op false? 7—What is the temperature of steam (not superheated) at ordinary atmospheric pressure? 8—In which state is Cape Ann?

Answers

1—Painting (by John Constable). 2—Minnehaha. 3—Schooner. 4—Stephen Collins Foster. , 5-—Historian.

7-212 degrees Fahrenheit. B—Massachusetts.

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Indianapolis Times W Service Bureau, 1013 13th St,’ W. Washington, D. ¢. Legal and advice cannot given nor can extended. be undertaken, .