Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 December 1941 — Page 11

% TREACHERY ISTOLD

Roosevelt Reports to Congress on Vain Attempts to Sway Tokyo From Nazi-Inspired Pattern Of Aggression.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 15 today submitted to Congress

(U. P.).—President Roosevelt a review of developments dur-

ing the hours just before the Japanese surprise raid on

Hawaii a week ago Sunday.

The time table report to Congress, following a talk with

Secretary of the Navy Frank at Pearl Harbor, included the revelation that the Japanese used submarines in the at-

tack.

“The actual air and submarine attack on the Hawaiian Islands,”

he said, began at 1:20 p. m. (Wash-|

ington Time). Mr. Roosevelt said that at 5 p. m,, Washington time that day—three hours and 40 minutes after the Japanese attack had started—the Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs called in U. S. Ambassador Joseph Grew.

Recalls Past Aggression

Mr. Grew was told, Mr. Roosevelt said, that Emperor Hirohito, to whom the President had sent a last-minute peace appeal on the previous day, so greatly desired establishment of peace in the Pacific and the entire world that he had instructed the Japanese Government “to continue its earnest en-

deavors.” | Then Mr. Roosevelt pointed out: |

“Japan's real reply, however, made by Japan's warlords and evidently formulated many days before, took the form of the attack which had already been made without warning upon our territories at various points in the Pacific.” The report said Mr. Grew was not informed of the Japanese reply until after it had been delivered by Japanese Ambassador Kichisaburo Nomura to Secretary of State Cordell Hull in Washington. It was given to Mr. Hull one hour after hostilities had started. Mr. Roosevelt told Congress that the “barbaric aggression” of Japan in Manchuria in 1931 “set the example and the pattern for the course soon to be pursued by Italy and Germany in Africa and in Europe.” Blows Timed, He Says

“Through the years which followed, Germany, Italy and Japan reached an understanding to time their acts of aggression to their common advantage—and to bring about the ultimate enslavement of the rest of the world,” the President said. Mr. Roosevelt reviewed agreements between the American and Japanese Governments dating back

Knox, just back from a survey

able that further down the Japanese page, are the names of Australia, New Zealand, and all the other islands of the Pacific—including Hawaii and the great chain of the Aleutian Islands,” he said. : Japanese aggression, he continued,

i

| made it necessary for many coun- | tries to keep large defensive armed forces and a vast amount of mate|rial in the Pacific—forces and ma- | terial “which might otherwise have | been used against Hitler.” “That, of course, is exactly what Hitler wanted them to do,” he added. Year's Talks Reviewed

The President also reviewed this year’s conversations between the United States and Japan. This Government, he said, steadfastly de{manded that relations in the Pacific | should be governed by the principle of territorial integrity, non-interfer-{ence in internal affairs, equality of commercial opportunity and treatment and reliance upon peaceful international co-operation to settle controversies. It became evident, however, “that Japan did not intend to modify in any way her greedy designs upon the whole Pacific world,” he said. The conversations were suspended in July, when “the Japanese Government connived with Hitler to force from the Vichy government of France, permission to place Japanese armed forces in south IndoChina.” “At the urgent and insistent request” of the Japanese Government the conversations were resumed, he said, and Japan suggested that “the responsible heads” of the two Governments meet personally. Mr. Roosevelt said he would have traveled “thousands of miles” to meet the Japanese Premier if he could have obtained some assurance that there would be an agreement on basic principles. Such assurance, however, was not forthcoming, he said, and there followed the most recent phase of conversations which ended with the attack on Hawaii. “There is the record, for all history to read in amazement, in sorrow, in horror, and in disgust,” he said. “We are now at war. We are fighting in self-defense.”

to the start of the 20th Century—| STUDY CENSORSHIP

agreements in which the Governments promised to support “the independence and the integrity of China,” “free and peaceful development of their commerce in the Pacific,” and the “maintenance of the existing status quo” in the Pacific. He reviewed this country’s support of the League of Nations in attempting to dissuade Japan from its conquest in China in the early 1930's. But Japan, he said, accepted the German thesis of racial superiority and extreme nationalism. Japan in 1937 “announced that the 70 or 80 million Japanese people were also superior to the seven or eight hundred million other inhabitants of the Orient—nearly all of whom were infinitely older and more developed in culture and civilization than themselves.”

Sought World Control

“Their conceit would make them masters of a region containing almost one-half the population of the earth,” Mr. Roosevelt said of the Japanese. “It would give them complete control of vast sea lanes and trade routes of importance to the entire world.” He said the result of Japan's latest aggression, directed first at the United States, has been the declaration of war against Japan by America and 17 other nations. He called the roll of the countries which have joined in fighting the Japanese. “These and other peace-loving countries will be fighting as are we, first, to put an emd to Japan's program of aggression and, second, to make good the right of nations and of mankind to live in peace under conditions of security and justice.” he said. “The people of this country are totally united in their determination to consecrate our national strength and manpower to bring conclusively to an end the pestilence of aggression and force which has long menaced the world and which now has struck deliberately and directly at the safety of the United States.”

Disregard U. S. Rights

The President told how Japanese military operations in China late in the last decade “flagrantly disregarded American rights,” as well as “inflicting incalculable damage upon China, and ghastly suffering on the Chinese people.” He listed American nationals killed or wounded by Japanese forces in China since July 7, 1937, and American property damaged. destroyed or seriously endangered by Japanese attacks on China. Throughout the message the recital of German and Italian “unlimited conquest” was interwoven with details of Japanese aggression to prove that the three members

FOR FOREIGN MAIL

WASHINGTON, Dec. 15 (U. P). —A Post Office Department committee is studying plans for censorship of foreign mail, Postmaster General Frank C. Walker his announced after conferring with President Roosevelt. Mr. Walker spent 15 minutes with the President during which, he said, they discussed the wartime functions of the Post Office Department and its operations under wartime conditions. He did not say there would be any censorship of domestic mail. He said he anticipated no increase in postal rates.

BLOOD-SOAKED AUTO FOUND IN FARMYARD

NEW CASTLE, Ind, Dec. 15 (U. P.) .—State police today sought facts surrounding a blood-soaked automobile abandoned in a farmyard near here. Police said two holes in the door apparently were caused from bullets and that the license plates probably were stolen. Mrs. Sadie Talbert told police a man pushed the car into her yard with another machine and said he would return for it.

BR

8

OR PHILIPPINES?

Pressure Makes It Debatable Whether Allies Can Defend Both.

By LELAND STOWE Cony JL IL DDR RES Te

th inforcé the Philippines and Malaya in time BS Od otk laces becomes increasingly de e. Due to Japan's present naval and aerial superiority in the South China sea area, the Allied powers may shortly be compelled to choose between fighting to resist the Philippines or Singapore. Those most familiar with the Pacific war's status believe that the American High Command may soon be confronted with a difficult decision. It may not be physically possible to maintain resistance on the Philippines without risking the almost certain loss of Singapore, which is an indispensable keystone to future allied offensives in the Eastern Pacific. Thus, the withdrawal of the Americans from the Phili] conceivably may be dictated by events and high strategy.

Pershing’s Forecast Recalled

Such a step now would certainly be avoided if the American forces ih the Philippines could have benefited by four more months of bolstering all departments before the Japanese struck. Eleven years ago in Paris I asked Gen, John J. Pershing what he thought would happen if Japan and the United States should become involved in war. Gen. Pershing replied: “In all probability, the Japanese would take the Philippines owing to the fact that our Navy and Army are insufficiently armed to hold the islands. Then we would fight a year or two to take them back. Of course, we would defeat Japan eventually but it would probably cost us four or five times as much as it ought to have.” Today's situation appears to coincide to a perilous degree with Gen. Pershing’s prediction.

Japs Hold Indo-China

Unopposed Nipponese occupation of Indo-China is the chief cause of the Allies’ present handicaps. They may be compelled to attempt to establish a secondary line stretching from Singapore through Sumatra and Borneo to New Guinea, above Australia. But to consolidate this link Singapore must be held at all costs. Part of Singapore is still menaced and the menace is likely to grow for some time. Dutch naval assistance is helpful to a degree only. All may depend upon the amount of British and American reininforcements to reach the scene in the next three weeks and the effectiveness of Allied submarines against Japanese transports, Aviation reinforcements. if they arrive in time, might prove decisive.

STUDENTS IN SERVICE GET FULL CREDITS

Times Special BLOOMINGTON, Ind, Dec. 15.— Indiana University students entering military services after last Dec. 7 will receive full credit for their semester work, President Herman B Wells announced today. He said the faculty voted to give the full credit “provided their work is passing at the time they leave.” The first semester ends Friday, Jan. 23.

PLEDGES CANADA'S AID

NEW YORK, Dec. 15 (U. P.).—

Leighton McCarthy, Canadian Minister to Washington last night appealed to Canada and the United States not to “let England down” because of the war in the Pacific. He pledged Americans a “northern flank” that will not crumble while the country is engaged in both oceans.

By AT.

military career.

tions contributed greatly to

Britain.

Hitler Miscalculated Reds And Tokyo Was Led Astray

Copyright, 1941, by The Indianapolis Times and The Chicago Daily News, Inc. MOSCOW, Dec. 15.—Vigorously following up their successes along almost the entire Moscow front, the inspired Russian armies are effectively preventing Hitler from closing the books on the most tragic failure of his

As the history and details of the battle for Moscow come to light, it becomes evident that Hitler's misclacula-

launching a war against the United States and Great

On Dec. 5—two days before the Japanese attacks on Honolulu, Manila and Singapore—the Germans were sure that Moscow was within grasp. They were within three or four miles of completing the encirclement of the big Russian Army defending Tula, near Moscow’s southern approaches. They had penetrated to within about 20 miles of the Soviet capital in the north.

JAPANESE PREPARATIONS, which by that time

STEELE

the fatal Japanese error of

A free movie every month from now until the end of the school term will be the reward of schoolboy safety patrol members of city schools. Corp. James Hasch of the Police Traffic Department, and James Hearne, 512 E. New York St, who is a lieutenant in the St. John’s grade school patrol, look over plans that will permit each of the 2500 grade school patrol officers to see a movie free in his favorite

theater each month.

First Gold Star Flag Presented

NEW YORK, Dec. 15 (U. P.).— Mrs. Mathilda Burling, founder and president of the Gold Star Mothers of America, today presented the first gold star service flag of World War II to the mother of Pvt. Joseph G. Moser, killed in the Japanese attack at Hickam Field. ‘ Mrs. Burling said she would recommend resumption of the display of flags during this war. In World War I, families having men in the service displayed in their windows small flags having a red border and white field.

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PROFESSOR TO TALK TO SALES COUNCIL

Prof. Homer R. Cotterman, education depariinent, Capital University, Columbus, O., will address the Indianapolis Sales Executive Council at its annual Christmas party tonight. Members’ wives will be guests at the meeting in the Indianapolis Athletic Club. The Foster Singers

(will give a program following the

business session. New 1042 officers to be installed are William H. Meub, president, to succeed Robert G. Spears; Edward S. Dowling, vice president, and H. H. Ferguson, secretary-treasurer, re-elected. Mr. Dowling will have

charge of arrangements.

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LEND-LEASE AID

Nine Billions More Have Been Allocated, F. D. R. Advises Congress.

WASHINGTON. Dec. 15 (U, P.) — President Roosevelt advised Congress today in a quarterly report on lend-lease aid to enemies of the Axis that the total of such support advanced to Nov. 30 was $1.202,000,000 and that actual exports of such aid amounted to $595,000,000. The difference between_the export figure and the total value of articles transferred was due principally to the amount transferred in ships, which were not included in the export figure; and to the inclusion in the large total of goods transferred to lend-lease countries for training use in the United States. Mr. Roosevelt, in a letter of transmittal accompanying the report, said the “world-wide strategy of the Axis powers must be met with equal strategy on the part of all the nations who are joined together in resisting their aggression.” The report showed constantly increasing lend-lease aid each month since the first such help was extended in March. In March, only $18,000,000 was thus expended, with the other months as follows: April, $40,000,000; May, $60.000,000; June, $85,000,000; July, $134,000,000; August, $150,000,000; September, $207, 000,000; October, $225,000,000, and November, $283,000,000. Of the $12,972,000,000 embodied in the two lend-lease appropriations acts, the report showed that $9,186,000,000 has already been allocated.

URGES UNIFORM ALARMS

SEATTLE, Wash., Dec. 156 (U. P.). —Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt last night urged uniform air raid alerts and all clear signals throughout the

country to prevent confusion among travelers.

A: D CAF ®

New Support in U. S. Poll

By GEORGE GALLUP Director American Institute of Public Opinion

PRINCETON, N. J., Dec. 15.—With the outbreak of

war against Japan, renewed be paid to the whole problem inflation. prices more than doubled.

So far as public opinion is concerned—and the willingness of the public to co-operate in any price fixing program is vitally important —there is little question that control not only of prices, but also of wages, would meet with i id oid approval. rence ormuon The latest poll on the subject, completed by the American Institute of Public Opinion just before the outbreak of war with Japan, showed that although sentiment for such control had declined slightly since the preceding month, nevertheless more than six voters in every 10 favored a price and wage control law. The noteworty fact about American sentiment on the subject is that the majority are ready to go farther than Congress. Congress has thus far confined its legislative plans to price control alone; the publie would also include wage control. The survey conducted in the United States was based on the following question: “A new law in Canada keeps wage and salary from going higher than they are now and also keeps all prices including prices of farm products, from going higher. Would you approve of such a law in the United States?” The vote, together with a comparison or results in November on a closely similar question, follow: Early De- Nocember vember 63% 67% Disapprove ..... 28 24

Undecided 9

attention will unquestionably of price rises that may bring

The last time America went to war, in 1917-18,

The results of the Canadian Ine stitute poll in the Dominion, where the head of the Prices and Trade Board has described the problem as basically one “in human relations” follows: Approve Canada’s Price Wage Control Law Disapprove The American Institute poll found 59 per cent of all farmers questioned in favor of both price and wage control, 31 per cent opposed and 10 per cent undecided. In Canada, where the wage-price measure applies to farm prices as well as all other prices, the vote of farmers is 71 per cent favorable, 29 per cent opposed. It must be remembered, of course, that the American Institute poll in the United States was completed before the war with Japan.

Another notable fact revealed in the study is that virtually no dife ference in sentiment exists between the upper and middle income groups and the lower group. In fact, a measure which would ine clude wage control as well as price control is actually favored by a slightly larger vote (64 per cent) in the lower income group than in the upper and middle (62 per cent). A further indication of the wide« spread support for such control is the vote by geographical sections. Ap- Disap- Unde« prove prove, cided N. England & Middle . Atlantic .. 60% 30% 10% E.' Central... 61 29 10 W. Central... 61 29 10 South 66 25 9

Far West ... 69 24 7

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were well advanced, must have been based on the supposition that Moscow was doomed. But, on Dec. 6, the Red Army began its big counter-offensive. Already then the Japanese Navy was moving to strike its treacherous blows and there was no stopping it, even if the Japanese High Command had willed it, which was unlikely. On Dee. 7 the Japanese struck. It could not have been until several days later that the Japanese realized fully the extent to which their Nazi allies had let them down. Moscow was not doomed, and today, instead of having a prostrate, disorganized and apprehensive Russia on their northern flank the Japanese have a neighbor reinvigorated and imbued with new confidence and determination. It is probable that even before the Russian recapture of Rostov—which saved the Caucasus—or of Tichkvin (which delivered Leningrad from impending encirclement) the Japanese die had been east. And now the Russian victory at Moscow has put an unhappy, ending to Hitler's 1941 operations,

of the Axis had followed the same pattern of aggression. “As the forces of Germany, Italy and Japan increasingly combined their efforts,” Mr. Roosevelt said, he was “convinced that this combination would ultimately attack the United States and the Western Hemisphere—if it were successful in the other continents.” He said this foreboding was borne out by the Tri-Partite Alliance. “The strategy of Japan in the Pacific area was a faithful counterpart of that used by Hitler in Europe,” he said.

Manchuria First

He reviewed how Japan, pursuing her pclicy of conquest, first worked her way into Manchuria, then China, then Indo-China. Today, he said, this conquest policy has been extended throughout Thailand and is aimed next toward Malaya and Burma,

"oy J ne oo ne ma ava, on Japanese timetable; it is prob-

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