Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 October 1941 — Page 15

aDENY REDS GRANT Cetfolic Lsaclers Are Shocked by FDR Cation of Russian Freedom of Worship RELIGIOUS LIBERTY

* Times Staft Writer vice president of Georgetown Uni- : WASHINGTON, Oct, 2 (U. P.).—|versity and regent of the School of | sevicr Government Lae Loon. antl clause of Sie Sous: Sons De mae 9 peuple ihe United States are ‘Epochal Change Must Have Taken Place,” Say Experts On Russia, Commenting on Roosevelt Statement

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INDIANAI

Shocked by FDR Citation of Russian Freedom of Worship

Practicing religion in Soviet Russia|Foreign Service, suggested that the ; historic tribution t religious both before and after the| Declaring that there has been| run freedom. oo Cc °f| “If he can achieve this fine serv-

ha heen Shou 5s difieult as prac- | President’s ss ierente state- | ;rue freedom. cing freedom and- democracy, ac-|ment “can be made to serve a very adoption of the~Stalinist constitu-|persecution of religion in Russia,| “He will do this if he will under-|ice to humanity, I am confident he cording to Catholic opinion here, |useful purpose at this critical time” |tion in 1935. both before and after the present|iake to induce the authorities of|will receive a new measure of supwhich appeared both shocked and|if he will follow through by seeking] Dr. Walsh who was the repre-|constitution went into effect, Dr.|Soviet Russia to remove the un-|port from certain quarters which’ puzzled by President Roosevelt's to establish his “four freedoms” in|sentative of the Pope ir Russia in|{Walsh concluded: / nstifiable discriminations still in{may astonish him and which will citation of the Soviet Constitution Russia today, beginning with relig-|1922 and 1923 when he conducted| “Tle Soviet Union is now in mor-|practice and restore to. the long-|prove a precious ally in the mo= as evidence that Russia guarantees) ion. negotiations on behalf of the Vati-{tal combat with a foe whose re-

. suffering Russian people that first|mentous crisis now facing the religious freedom. The National Catholic Welfare|can respecting religious liberty, as-|ligious principles and practices are/ shining jewel among the four free- rican people.” 8

That Soviet Has Freedom of Worship.

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Times Foreign Editor

WASHINGTON, Oct. 2.—<President Roosevelt's pronouncement implying that there is religious freedom in Soviet Russia like that enjoyed in the United States has ~ fallen on the capital like a bombshell. >

Some epochal and wholly unheralded change, it is widely remarked, must have taken place recently within the

gwiet Union. For while it is admittedly true, as he President said, that the Soviet Constitution does “assure” freedom of conscience; the prevailing impression here has been that it was only a paper free-

dom. It hasnever|lin

E existed in fact. : “Religion is the opiate of the peo- © ple,” has long been a Soviet axiom. “The party cannot be neutral toward religion,” Joseph Stalin old an American laMr. Simms | delegation in Moscow, “and it does conduct antireligious propaganda against all and every religious prejudice because it (the party) stands for science while religious prejudices run coupter to science.” ‘Can’t Be Neutral’

The term “religious prejudice,” as used here is regarded as synonymous with “religion.” “The party,” Stalin continued, “cannot be neutral toward religious prejudices because this is one of the best means of undermining the influence of the reactionary clergy.” (A “reactionary,” in Communist cir- - cles, is anyone who does not conform to the party line.) - “The party,” he went on to explain, “cannot be neutral toward the reactionary clergy who poison fhe minds of the toiling masses. “Have we suppressed the reavtionary clergy? Yes, we have. = The unfortunate thing is that it has not been completely liquidated. “Anti-religious propaganda is a means by which the complete liquidation of the reactionary clergy must be brought about. Certain members of the party hamper the

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complete development of antireligious propaganda. If such mem-= bers are expelled, it is a good thing, because there is no room for such ‘Communists’ in the ranks of the party.” Thousands of churches have been dynamited in Russia with the Government’s known connivance. Many others have been turned into antireligious: museums. One such stands on the edge of the Red Square, fronting the Krem-

One of the largest churches in Moscow hag been blown up to make way for a statue of Lenin.

Melt Down Bells

The Godless Society is one of the anti-religious spearheads. It has branches in every community in Soviet Russia. It is backed by the Government. Like the anti-religious and antiSemitic movements in Nazi Germany, it is extremely active at times and not so active at others, “In "thousands of villages,” says Eugene Lyon in his “Assignment in Utopia,” meetings were called “which voted over the heads of the congregations to demolish churches, melt down the bells for scrap metal or turn church buildings into granaries, lunchrooms, nurseries, libraries. “A semblance of popular consent was thus obtained. When brigades arrived to remove the bells and the; icons, they sometimes found believers armed with sticks and pitchforks ready to defend their church.

Jeer at Worshippers “The Red Army and G. P. U. (later on, OGPU) troops in many instances were summoned to crush these riots and the ringleaders found themselves quickly enough in prison or before the firing squad. “In the environs of Moscow I saw bearded peasants and their womenfolk on their knees, wailing, crossing themselves and beating their fore-

heads to the ground as bells were being yanked down. Younger people jeered at them and mimicked their laments.” On church feast days, says Mr. Lyon, while the faithful tried to go ahead with their religious rites, alongside of them were anti-re-ligious parades made up of “gro-. tesque floats and cardboard effigies of priests, deities and kulaks in ludicrous postures.” Christmas celebrations, Mr. Lyon writes, “were marked by noisy antireligious parades and insulting demonstrations outside church Batches of priests and rabbis were rounded up and imprisoned, their fate hardly noticed in ‘the turmoil,

Neutral on Worship?

“Solemnly the Godless Society announced a ‘five-year plan for the liquidation of religion’ . . . public bonfires were made of icons.” Despite Stalin’s freely admitted anti-religious stand, the Kremlin deciares the government itself does not take sides... It says it is “neutral.” : That President Roosevelt did not altogether believe in the religious “neutrality” of Moscow was indicated at the time he granted Russian recognition in 1933. He named two primary conditions as a sine qua non; first; “no propaganda” in the United States; second, freedom of American nationals residing in Russia to “enjoy in all respects the same freedom of conscience and religious liberty which they enjoy at home.”

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