Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 September 1941 — Page 19

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Washington

*" WASHINGTON, Sept. 26—The Republican Party has been unable to decide upon any policy toward the present crisis, and because some of its national figures are in disagreement this situation is likely

to continue. However, the nearest approach to a = party line might fairly be assumed to be the line thai comes from the chairman of the Republican National Committee, Rep. Joseph Martin. He talks to party workers, and what he says is likely to be adopted by the rank and file as they go about talking for the next Congressional campaign. Chairman Martin has been talking with Republican workers in Southern California, for instance, and he indicates the fa‘miliar Republican line that ~ Roosevelt is ruining the country, iat was used in 1936 and 1940 so unsuc3 It is the line that we are in danger of national bankruptcy, that constitutional government is seriously threatened, that private enterprise is in danger of extinction and that an enormous bureaucracy is being built up in Washington. There is danger of all these things happening, and we would be foolish to shut our eyes to it. But what is it that is most likely to bring on these calamities and to fasten them on our backs for an indefinite stay? It is most likely to happen if Hitler wins the war. At least, if Hitler loses there is a far better chance of avoiding these dangers than if he wins.

It's Always Been So

IF HITLER WINS we shall have to go on arming more heavily than ever forthe next war, because with Hitler victorious a showdown ‘between him and the United States would be so probable that the American people would not risk disarming. There wauld be the danger of national bankruptcy because the United States would be compelled to put an even larger proportion of its materials and labor into unproductive war materials. : : Rep. Martin mentioned the danger of losing congtitutional government. We Lave always been in danger of losing constitutional government. They

DAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1941

By Raymond Clapper!

said we were in danger of it when Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase, when Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus, when Theodore Roosevelt took Panama, when Woodrow Wilson set up the Federal Reserve System, and when Franklin Roosevelt went into action to fish the country out of its tailspin in 1933. : But the only time I remember when we had a demand for a dictator on the Senate floor and when troops Lad to be called out to quell‘ a riot in the Capital was—well, you remember it. The greatest danger to constitutional government is that a Hitler victory would create such an internal situation here that constitutional guarantees might have to be sus-

pended to preserve public order. :

Victory, Then, Is in Free World

REP. MARTIN SAYS private enterprise is in danger of extinction. A strong imagination is required to picture private enterprise as completely extinguished, but there is no question about its being seriously curtailed. It is curtailed now and operates under restrictions and government dictation, and there is no escape from that when the country is in the midst of such an arms-production program as we are now attempting.» ; If such production were to continue indefinitely private enterprise would be subject to increasing, danger, in that many industries would lose for an indefinite period all power of decision over their operations and their gains would be recaptured by the government, and in addition there would be an increasing amount of outright government-owned facilities. ? ; All the available evidence indicates that the calamities which the Republican National Chairman properly fears are much more likely to descend upon us if we are compelled to. continue this arms effort over a long period of years. The same evidence suggests that, the most probable course of escaping them lies in the defeat of Hitler and in the restoration of a freer world—that is, in the victory of those capitalist plutocracies, as Hitler calls the United States and Great Britain. di As Wendell Willkie, for instance, ‘believes, the best chance of saving what the Republicans want to save is to have the present foreign policy succeed. If that is correct, the Republican interest lies in making the Administration policy more effective, not less so.

to start his travels again.

Because of Mrs. Pyle’s serious illness, Ernie Pyle is not yet able to resume his daily column. As soon as Mrs. Pyle is safely on the way to recovery, Ernie hopes

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Inside Indianapolis (And “Our Town’)

OUR HOOSIER civilian fliers may be called on very shortly to aid in forming an Indiana wing of the national civilian air defense. The wing, similar

to those being formed in Ohio and a number of other states, would include in its ranks not only civilian pilots but also airplane mechanics and radio operators. In time of national emergency . the wing would have such important duties as patrolling restricted areas, ferrying Army planes and pilots and doing similar jobs. They would be divided into geographical groups and subdivided into squadrons, basing in larger cities. : Once it’s decided to start the wing, the applications probably will pour in. Every flier will want to join. Why? Well, first from patriotic motives. And second, because the chances are those not accepted will be grounded for the duration of the emergency to conserve badly needed aviation gasoline and other supplies. : In time of war, such a wing would provide an important check on the activities of saboteurs. Right now there's nothing to stop an enemy agent having access to a private plane from loading it up with bombs and erippling some vital defense plants. In one Eastern state where a wing has been formed, we hear seven applicants disappeared from the state after their fingerprints were taken.

Private Police Service

THE ALLISON ENGINE plant here has a private police force that is larger than that of most of Indiana’s cities. Right now they've got about 145 men Won the force, enough for a city of perhaps 100,000.

The Future

WASHINGTON, Sept. 26.—That the principal burden of world peace must and will fall on the United States after the war, and that it must stand ever ready to fight a preventive war in Europe or elsewhere, fs indicated by Geoffrey Crowther, editor of The Lon- . * : don Economist and close friend of Winston Churchill. . Writing in the October issue of . the quarterly review “Foreign Affairs,” the editor sees America and Britain forming some sort of “oceanic commonwealth of free nations” and together policing a none-too-willing world. If the Roosevelt-Churchill meeting in the Atlantic does not mean that, he suggests, theh it is well-nigh meaningless, for their “eight points” were neither particularly new nor unduly inspired.

Mr. Crowther expressed a belief that the “oceanic

commonwealth” would find it necessary to co-operate economically and otherwise after the peace for reasons of trade, monetary exchange and so on. . Immediately the conflict is over, Mr. Crowther ob‘serves, Britain and the United States will have to agree on what kind of world this is to be. And that, of course, will depend a good deal on which of two kinds of solution we'adopt: An optimistic one or a realistic one.

At Can't Be Had by Wishing

AN OPTIMISTIC PEACE would be based on the assumption that the German people were really .peace-minded and could safely be entrusted with a war machine as powerful as any of their neighbors. A realistic peace, says the editor, would impose limitations on Germany’s: actions—the kind of peace, in effect, forecast by Franklin Roosevelt and Winston .Churchill in August,

My Day

WASHINGTON, Thursday.—In these last few days, as I have watched a strong man reluctantly give up his-hold on life, the words of Hanley’s poem: “Out of the night that covers me, : Black: as the pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be ._ + + For my unconquerable soul.” have kept running through my mind. I became more or less responsible for my brother Se when I was 18 and he was 12. But I remember him very vividly as a very small boy with curls and a round roly face; whom my young aunts made much of and called the “cherub,” thereby creating much jealousy in me because I could not aspire to any such name. . By the time my brother was 18, he was an entirely independent pen. SHY from that ime oa, She only way anyone Col hold “him, was to let him go. He loved he he could enjoy things more

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i ergs jab

By William Philip Simms

he would describe as being a “sissy,” and yet he was

As a patriotic and public seryice, the Alilson police are having their blood typed so they'll be ready to provide blood for a transfusion when it’s needed by an Allison employee or anyone else. This is the same sort of service being offered by Marion County deputy sheriffs. . Phe first opportunity the Allison force has had to serve the Speedway City community came just the other day. An Allison patrolman was credited with saving the life of a man overcome by gas. He went to work on the victim with artificial respiration and had him conscious before Indianapolis police could get there with mechanical respirators.

Hush Hush at the Airport

ALL THE ACTIVITIES at the Civil Aeronautics Authority - radio experimental station at Municipal Airport have become extremely “hush hush.” Engineers are working day In and day out in great secrecy. New experimental equipment—including radio transmitters—have been set up. in little houses at the edge of the airport. Not even Nish Dienhart, airport superintendent, knows what they are for. It’s a case of vital work for defense over at the experimental station and Mr, Dienhart said he realizes that “the old familiarity’ ’between the airport attaches and the experimental station is no more. “I haven't even been over to the station in almost a month,” he said. . . . Not long ago we reported to you that Thomas E. Dial was an official of the phone company here. Dial—get it? Now we find the phone company has another employee with an appropriate name. He's Oscar Wire, And here we thought all along that Oscar ran a radio station. . . . In case you are wondering why that Scout appreciation dinner Oct. 4 ‘is set for 6:32 p. m., there’s a reason. We asked District Executive Robert C. Rusby about it. Fe says it's scheduled that way to help the guests remember the time by arousing their curiosity.

But that kind of peace, Mr. Crowther maintains, can not be had merely by wishing. It will be possible only if both Britain and America make up their minds to maintain the peace against any and all aggressors, and stick to it. : ; This, Mr. Crowther readily admits, will be far from easy. For a few years, of course, every Englishman will remember his scare of 1940-41. But, he asks, what about the British people of 1955 or 1965? “Under the leadership of a new Baldwin?” will they stand by the peace they have written?

What About America?

AND WHAT ABOUT THE AMERICANS? “To them,” observes the editor, “The menace will appear much more distant, much less clear.”

“There is no reason to suppose,” he writes, that the American people would “disown a treaty they will have helped to write. But will they assist Britain to enforce it? There will be no escape from the dilemma by saying that it is not America’s concern. Britain will insist that the war of 1939 turned -out to be very much America’s concern and ‘that consequently anything that is done to prevent its recurrence falls in the same category.” In any event, Mr. Crowther concludes, “the whole policy is likely to rest on American support. For the British people may not be willing to ‘run the risk of incurring the permanent hostility of a people twice as numerous as themselves unless they are assured of help in the hour of jrouble.” The “realistic choice,” says Mr. Crowther, “has not been made by the present writer: It is the choice of Mr. Rdosevelt and Mr. Churchill.” It is therefore up to them to implement it. “Sentiments of friendship and pledges of loyalty are not enough.” Anglo-American unity “can not be taken for granted.” It must be organized so that when, as inevitably must- happen, differences arise, the ‘two peoples will understand: and be prepared to-resolve them.

By Eleanor Roosevelt

fine qualities, generosity: which brought him an end‘less'number of friends, courage which amounted almost to foolhardiness, a brilliant mind, and. a capacity for work which, in his younger days, made him able to perform prodigious tasks, both physically He ‘was impatient of the kind of weakness which

gentle. He was capable of great loyalty to the people for whom he really cared deeply. Like most of us, he had wedknesses which brought ‘him unhappiness. Most of his friends, however, will remember that with him life was usually gay and he would not want gloom to surround his memory. I think there are many people who will remember him because of a kind word, or a kind gesture. Some of the things which he did, such as living himself for weeks on the same amount of money which he was distributing to relief clients in Detroit, Mich., in order to be sure that they could live on it, probably benefited many people. There was a quixotic side to him that made him not want to subject other people to anything he could not stand himself. There is much for his children to. be

proud of in

CHAPTER ELEVEN

By QUENTIN REYNOLDS BILL ADAMS is a printer who makes about $28 a week. Bill lives in a small house in a suburb of London. On Sunday night Bill has the same supper that several million other Englishmen have. He has cold beef, tomatoes, boiled potatoes and hand-picked onions. Just as he was about to sit down to dinner the other

Sunday the telephone rang.

A voice said, “This is the

office of the Minister of Labour. Hold on.” Then in a moment there came a voice that Bill Adams

knew well.

It was a voice with a strong West-country

accent, a voice belonging to the second most powerful man

in England. The voice said apologetically, “Bill, this is Ernie. Could I come around for a bit of supper?” “Sure Ernie, come along,” Bill Adams said heartily. And then he went to the kitchen to tell the Missus to slice another tomato. Ernie likes tomatoes. . Within a few minutes his Majesty’s Minister of Labour entered the house. He sat down wearily, for though it was Sunday he had put in 14 hours of work that day. Bill Adams said, “You look tired, Ernie. Tell me just one thing. Are you on top of the job, have you got it in hand?” Ernie Bevin nodded thoughtfully. “I think so, Bill. I really think so. There is only one thing that bothers me, Bill, I seldom get a chance to see the boys. They keep me working pretty hard, Bill.” y- ‘

” 2

Ernie Is a Good Man

BILL ADAMS told the story in his local pub a couple of days later and I heard it there. He and Ernie Bevin are old freinds. Bill said that Ernie hadn't changed a bit since he had become a Minister of the Crown. Good people don’t change, Bill Adams said. People like Ernie Bevin and his pal Dan Williams and Herbert Morrison. No, good people don’t change. And, hark you, Ernie Bevin is a good man, Bill Adams added to his friends in the local pub. Today England is saying that Ernest Bevin is a good man. I think it is very likely that tomorrow England may say that Ernest Bevin is a great man. Not all of England likes Bevin.

The muddlers don’t like him

because he cuts right through the lovely red tape that they and their ancestors have taken so many years to wind-about the machinery of governmental operation. : The old-school-tie boys don’t like Ernie Bevin because his rugged, devastating honesty and his admitted keen intelligence mock everything that they and their class deem sacred. Bevin stopped going to school when he was 11, but today he is the smartest practical economist in England. The Communists, of course, don’t ‘like him because he kicked them out of his trade union years ago. But the man in the street loves Ernie Bevin. .

2 8 8 A People’s War? THE MAN IN THE STREET likes.Bevin because he thinks that

Bevin is going to make this a people’s war, a war. fought by the

people and for the benefit of the people, not a war fought by one

class for the benefit of one class.

Why, asks the man in the street, did 71-year-old Neville Chamberlain hold a position in the Government until a month before his death? The man made every conceivable blunder possible for a diplomat to make. Instead of

giving his country guns he gave .

England widows. Lord Halifax, the dignified and dreary Foreign Secretary, is still: in the Cabinet. Never once did he raise his voice to dissuade his former chief from perpetrating the gigantic mistakes of the past. Sir Kingsley Wood, the little man who wasn’t there, is ‘still governing the Exchequer. Sir Kingsley, who during the peaceful days of autumn, 1939, made soporific speeches lulling the nation into sleepy quiescence and into the belief that airplane production was in every way satis-

factory, is still a powerful min-

ister. There is so much that is progressive’ and magnificent about Mr. Churchill’s Cabinet that the man in the street hates to see it held back by the legacies of failure whom Churchill still tolerates. ” 2 2

Voice of Common Man

THE MAN IN THE STREET is proud of dynamic Herbert Morrison and of Lord Beaverbrook, who is making up for past sins so vigorously. It was he who contributed to the inertia and complacency of the nation by crying loudly, “There will be no war.” But when it came he rolled up his sleeves, and now his great personal courage, his tenacity and his mental capacities are devoted heartily to the nation’s welfare. The man in the street admires the idealism and enthusiasm of Anthony Eden. And then there is Bevin. Bevin, of them: all, speaks with the voice of the man in the street. Bevin is their advocate. He too wants to make this a people’s war. 2 =»

Idol of the Pubs

ERNEST BEVIN was born in the Somersetshire village of Winsford 59 years ago. He quit school at the age of 11 to work on a farm. His first salary was sixpence (ten cents) a week. Work on the farm gave him a magnificent physique but little else. He was still in his teens when he went to Bristol to drive a streetcar. Then he switched to driving a truck. At 20 his salary was 10 shillings 8 week (two dollars) plus commissions, an average of three dollars

Ernie Bevin . .. will he be the next Prime Minister?

more. His joy was to sell mineral water and soft drinks to the Bristol pubs. The pub in England is the poor man’s club to a far greater extent than it is in America. The man in the street goes to his pub every night for a glass or two of beer and a game of darts, and he goes to air his political views and to hear the views of his neighbor. Pub people liked young Ernie Bevin and they liked the vigorous way he expressed himself on political ‘ questions. There was a vacancy on the city council and Dan Williams and other pals persuaded him to stand for the office. His opponent was a huge longshoreman. : 2 ” ”

‘Slam-Bang Fighter

ONE NIGHT, BEVIN was driving his truck, delivering his cases of mineral water to a water-front pub. He heard his cpponent making a speech on a dock and he drove his horse-drawn wagon closer. “Who is Bevin?” the longshoreman sneered. “An outsider from the country. He is no good, he is

8. Bevin listened. He had never before heard invective directed against himself. A slow rage filled his big frarie. He got down from the wagon. He forced his way through the crowd. Without a word he reached for the big longshoreman. Then he hit him. When the man got up Bevin knocked him down again. Then Bevin picked him up and threw him into the river. Bevin looked around to see if any wished

LUDLOW DIDN'T VOTE ON TAXES

Considered Bill Balanced, He Says for The Record.

Times Special WASHINGTON, Sept. 26.— Although he declined to say so at the time, Rep. Louis Ludlow (D. Ind.) reported in the Congressional Record today that he did not vote for the tax bilk conference report when it was adopted without a record vote in the House last week.

Rep. Ludlow said in part: “I did not like the Senate provision which lowered the income sub-

ject to taxation down to $1500 in|

the case of a married person and $750 in case of a single person.

Not Balanced

“It seemed to me that with costs of living mounting skyward these

earners of low incomes are stagger-| | ing under as heavy a load as they] | ‘can reasonably be expected to stand. “My chief objection to the bill,|

briefly stated, was that in my opin-

ion it is not .a properly balanced|

measure. “It bears too heavily on those who are least able to pay and not heavily enough on those who are most able to pay. “The bill, in my opinion, does not provide a sufficient levy on the profits incident to and tied in with the war situation.” The Indianapolis Congressman usually finds some objection to tax bills which precludes his voting for them. He is now the third ranking member of the Appropriations Committee and voted for all the defense millions although he refused to vote for men to man the new

armament.

AWARD ARMY ORDERS ©" Times Special : WASHINGTON, Sept. 26.—Two Indiana concerns received Army con today the War Departmént announced. The Link Belt Company got a $2,998.80 order for Esterline-Angus a

‘their inheritance and I hope, they will.

Be ind t 7

Unevenly|

Fall Convention

Opens Tomorrow

MEMBERS OF the Seventh Presbyterian Church at Elm and Cedar Sts. will register at 1:30 p. m. tomorrow for their fall convention at the church. - Conference periods will be conducted at

‘2:45 p. m. and

4 p. m. ftomorrow, and a banquet will be served at Rey, Mr. Arnold 6:15 p. m. : The Rev. Orrie O. Arnold, Dayton, O.,- will give an address at 2:15. p. m. Sunday, and Dorothy Lehman, state field secretary, will conduct the Consecration Serve ice.

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HOLD EVERYTHING

FIRE COMMITTEE'S MEETING PLANNED

The Fire Prevention and Protection Committee of the Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce will hold its first fall meeting Monday at the City Hall. R. D. McDaniel, committee chairman, will give a report on fire losses in Indianapolis. H. H. Fulmer, Indianapolis Fire Department chief, will disclose his arrangements for fire inspections of homes, stores and industrial plants throughout the city. The inspections will be made daily during Fire Prevention Week

under the direction of Bernard Lynch, chief of the Fire Prevention Bureau. : . A feature of Fire Prevention Week will be a public demonstration of the city’s two new 100-foot steel aerial ladder trucks.

‘with Winston Churchill.

to take the man’s cause. There was no one who did. Luckily there was a scow tied to the dock and the men on it managed to drag the miserable longshoreman out of the water before

‘ he drowned.

Luckily, because had he drowned Bevin would not now be Minister of Labour.

2 ” s

He Hates Politics

THAT METHOD of direct approach, of solving problems the direct way, has always characterized Bevin. He hates red tape and silly regulations, he hates insincerity and pompousness. As a matter of fact he hates politics. His fight with the longshoreman had a rather unhappy sequence. Running on the Labour Party ticket, which in 1908 was consid-

ered a radical, crackpot movement,.

he was beaten. He was beaten, but his fine showing thoroughly scared the gang in power. They decided to get rid of him. They passed the word around to the Bristol pubs that Ernest Bevin should be blacklisted. For weeks he could not sell one bottle of mineral water. He went to his boss and tried to quit his job. “I'm not making any money for you,” he said. “You've been paying me 10 bob a week for nothing.” “I'll be the judge of that,” his boss growled. “Don’t let them lick you, Ernie. Keep at it.” » ” ”

Devotes Life to Labor

‘BEVIN HAS ALWAYS had the knack of attracting people to him. It wasn’t long before he became interested in labor unions, always called trade unions in England. He became a minor official in the dockers’ union and soon attracted the attention of Ben Tillett, who was to English labor what Sam Gompers was to American labor. It wasn’t long before he became Tillett’s right-hand man, his “trouble shooter.” But it wasn’t until 1920 that the name of Bevin meant anything. Then he made a speech. The transport workers’ union was miserably paid and worked miserable hours. A court of inquiry to discuss their pleas was held and Bevin made an 11-hour speech on the men’s claims for more pay and better working conditions. The case he put was masterly and unanswerable. ° : The men: won the name of Bevin went all around England. The man in the street finally had a real advocate. Since then Bevin has devoted his life to the cause of labor. Eventually he became the leader of the transport and general workers’ union, the largest union in the world. ; :

Burly—Soft-Voiced

A DOZEN TIMES during the past decades he crossed swords He opposed some of Churchill's policies when the latter was in the War Office, Again when Churchill was Chancellor of the Exchequer Bevin fought against him. Honors were about even and

"both men came out of these

skirmishes with mutual respect and admiration. But it was still a shock to the

old gang when Churchill made

Bevin Minister of Labor in his cabinet. Bevin didn’t know the rules, they wailed. He was . . « he was just an outsider. Bevin is big, burly, and he has the thick neck of a bull. And yet when you sit in his office at Mon-

| tagu House, the ex-ducal mansion | that is now the Ministry of Labor, his: veice is curiously soft and

occasionally his eyes twinkle behind his heavy horn-rimmed glasses. in ; He is too busy to grant interviews. He'll let you sit in. his office and he'll chat. with you and discuss the problems that face him, but it is. all: “off the record,” He thinks that this is no time for speeches or interviews. There is too much work to be

SAE

‘every point and

cently his wife wailed disconsolately, “If Ernie sleeps until after 5:30 in the morning he thinks he has wasted -half his day.” ’ A few months ago Bevin was given powers never before held by any man in any democratic gov-

ernment. He was given complete

power over the jobs held by civilian workers in England. It is up to him and him alone to decide what industries are essential and what ones are super=fluous. Actually Bevin could go to Waterloo station tonight, enter a train and say to the first man he met: “What is your job, what are you doing?” - The man might say, “I am a tea taster,” or “I am an interior decorator.” Bevin’ could say, “That isn't helping to win the war. Report tomorrow at Hyde Park with a pick and shovel. We need you to dig trenches.” He could go into a fashionable West End bar; find out what every man there did for a living and ‘then immediately send them to more useful jobs. He can decide on working hours for every man in England and it is he who settles their wages. There is no appeal. ‘And yet to date there has not been one complaint. Bevin has shifted thousands of workers from less useful jobs into munition factories and other essential industries. ; He has told employers that there can ‘be no cutting of wages. ‘And employers have such confidence in his fairness that not one has written a letter to The Times.

England Trusts Him

I MIGHT ADD that I learn about . England by spending my time at a Royal Air Force mess, spending my time on the beach at Dover with the army men, spend- - ing my time with local defense volunteers in places like Sevenoaks in Kent or a dozen places like it, spending my time in the pubs of rural England. In these places you hear England talking. Twice a week I go to the House of Commons but that is like going to the United States Senate. For the most part you hear politicians talk in these sacrosanct halls. But you don’t hear England talk, I hear England talk every day. I know the men Bevin has - worked with all his life. I can't quote Bevin because he has made an ironclad rule that he won't be quoted. But I spend evenings with his best friends. I play darts with them and have my pint of beer with them. I hear them talk about Bevin, : “There will be no defeatism in our Cabinet while Ernie is there,” one of them chuckles. That's what Ernie« Bevin’s friends say, ‘about 9,000,000 of them. They know that Ernie will never use this terrific power he has unless he feels that it is for England’s benefit. He will probably never use it, but the weak sisters in the Cabinet are afraid of this power. They respect Ernie Bevin even when they don’t like him. Only a half-wit would not respect Ernie Bevin. And it is comforting to know if you are interested in the English cause, as I am for one, that he is in Churchill's Cabinet. : . He is a very tough man, a very tough man indeed and very pae triotic too. ‘He happens to love this country called England. .

You can live in the fashionable West End of Lindon and never live in England. To know England you must go into the local pubs of London and Liverpool and Manchester. You must drop into the country pubs of Kent and Surrey and play darts and have your pint'of bitter and keep your ears'open. ' There you hear the voice of England. There you hear praise of Churchill, the Ileader, but always ther@ is the undercurrent ‘of wholehearted admiration for Bevin. " Today Bevin. is Minister of Labour. Tomorrow I am sure that he will be Vice-Premier and thus be in name what he is in fact. And the day after tomorrow? The voice of England whispers, “How can they keep Ernie down? Mark ye well, he’ll be our next Prime Minister.”

NEXT—“Direct Hit.”

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1—Which city has been known as the Gibraltar of America? 2—Gibbon is the name of an ape, a part of a chicken, or a gallows? 3—Who usually administers the oath of office to the President of the United States? ; 4—What is the English equivalent ‘term for an American billion? 5—The planet that can come nearest the earth is Mercury, Venus or Mars? : 6—What chemical element is the most characteristic constituent of matches? : ba T—Congress can sit-in continuous session for two years; true or false? : 8—In which state is the famous “Painted Desert”? :

Answers

1—Quebec: ' - 3 The Grier Justice of th The Chief Justice of the Uni States. » 4 TE : od 4—One thousand million, 5—Venus. 6—Phosphorus. 7—False. 8—Arizona,