Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 September 1941 — Page 9

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~ ARMS FOR RUSSIA

Three Industrial Areas a8 Remain in in U. S. S. R. Even If Germans Take Leningrad and All Ukraine; ‘Soviet’ - Breadbasket Not Necessary.

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Times Foreign Editor. WASHINGTON, Sept. 9.—The Soviet Union is feverishly increasing plant facilities in the Urals, Western Siberia and around Samarkand, in central Asia, in order to keep her armies in the field even if Germany occupies the

whole of European Russia.

Were all of the Ukraine lost—the Axis has been stalled at the Dneiper, barely half way across the Ukraine—Hitler would still be doomed if Josef Stalin, like China’s Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, just keeps hanging on.

Called Russia’s breadbasket, the Ukraine produces only one-fifth of the country’s grain, But as the Ukraine has approximately one-fifth of the total population, she merely produces her share.

The Soviets would miss the Ukraine’s minerals and industries, more “than the wheat, were the

three-fifths of the country’s iron

ed industrial regions already. constitutes a serious setback, and while the occupation of the rest of the Ukraine would cripple the Soviet war effort tremendously, nevertheless, like China, Russia could continue to give a good account of herself for as Ive as she chooses to keep up the

, In fact, it is difficult to conceive of the Germans doing anything to Russia that would cripple her as Japan has crippled China. And China is still going strong. : The Soviet Union has three other vast industrial areas on the order of the Ukraine. That in the Urals is 1200 miles east of Moscow. That in western Siberia is another 1000 miles east of that, while the third, in Russian Turkestan, is 2000 miles southeast of the Soviet capital. «Right now, in all three areas, ere are many going concerns. These are to -be expanded as rap-

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idly as possible, largely with the aid of the United States. An unlimited amount of American machinery is needed. Also technical aid. But of late years. the Kremlin has been increasingly suspicious of all outsiders—even those hired by the Soviets to give technical advice—so it remains to be seen whethet its attitude will - now change In the Ural area are Perm, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Ufa, Orenburg, Magnitogorsk and other important centers. Here are iron, steel, oil, machine tool and chemical plants. There are many smelting works, copper mines, textile mills, locomotive and gun factories. Tractors, trucks and automobiles are also made in that region. The second national defense area, 1000 miles east of the Urals, in Siberia, contains some of the most extensive coal and iron mines in

| the world. Here, too, are smelters,

metal-working and chemical plants capable of turning out considerable quantities of war materials, In fact, they are already doing so.

Turkestan Has Potentialities

Tamerlane—bordering on Chinese Turkestan, Afghanistan and Iran— is Industrial Defense Area 3. There is to be found oil, coal, iron, copper, molybdenum, etc., in vast amounts. There, the natural resources are not as developed as in the others but the groundwork has been laid. Already there are automobile, tractor, locomotive and even airplane factories there. For the Axis to complete the conquest of the Ukraine admittedly is possible. Urals is not quite so good a bet. That it will get as far as Novo Sibirsk, in Siberia seems out of the question if Stalin stays in the ring at all. And the capture, or even the destruction, of Russian Turkestan by bombers, is improbable if not impossible. The area itself is somethink like 15,000 feet above sea level making bomber raids extremely hazardous. A bomber 35,000 feet high would be a bare 20,000 feet above ground-and well within effec-

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_} American Mission to Moscow will

have before them when they talk with Josef Stalin.

SUNNYSIDE TO HOLD 19TH HOMECOMING

.. A medical exhibit designed to acquaint visitors with methods of diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis has been arranged for the 19th annual - homecoming Sept. 21 at Sunnyside Sanatorium. More than 1500 ex-patients and friends are expected to attend the three-hour affair which will begin at 3 p. m. A picnic will be held and a tour of the wards will be made. Additional displays to be set up will include an exhibit of work done in the sanatorium’s occupational therapy department and a gallery of photographs taken by patients and doctors. Dr. D. W. Brodie, assistant superintendent, is in charge of arrangements. Members of the patients’ committee are Russell Owens, chairman, Pred Martin, Thorvold Grubbs, Garnet Twigg, Margaret Bundschu, Marion Matney, Norman Mainey and Irene Sims,

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By WATSON DAVIS Director, Science Service . NEW YORK, Sept. 9—A scientific view that there is no necessary connection between religion and whether a person is good or evil was boldly presented to the second annual Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion meeting at Columbia University here today by|can Dr. Hudson Hoagland, Clark University physiologist. Stating as a fact that “many, if not most, scientists are agnostics,” Dr. Hoagland challenged religionists and some philosophers with the idea that the agnosticism of the

scientists is as deeply ingrained as is the religious faith of other people. Good and evil, Dr. Hoagland con-

tended, refer to that which is good|The Christ and Lincoln, in contrast to

and bad for ‘a particular organism as a particular time.

“Thus ethics may be something quite independent of religion,” he said, “although when sound ethics "be combined with the basic reod drive, as has often happened, desirable social conditions are like. ly to follow. On the other had, when bad ethics become combined with a religious drive such as that bad social condi-

. “Empirically there is.such a thing as the. good life, and one need not|fundam justify it by supernatural sanctions. lives of such men as Socrates,

Nero, Napoleon and Hitler speak for themselves. “Most agnostic scientists are as ready to fight for their ideals as they would be if they believed them to be sanctioned by God--or by science for that matter.” - Dr. Hoagland explained that all that we know is a product of the functioning of our nervous systems and that our neurosenory appara-

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fundamentdl characteristics of a biologically successful organism is thas 1 reacts to situations as a whole,

Religion appears to me,” said] For Dr. Hoagland, “to be a culmination{

to react in a configurational way to situations. This same basic urge is perhaps the source of esthetic pleasure in art and in science. Since art forms and scientific theories are limited in their scope, more extensive satisfaction is derived: from

tus is itself a direct product of bio-

of this basic tendency of organisms)

Urges Religious People andl Agnostics Combat Totalitarian Threat

logical evolution, One of the most)

mainspring of many social philosophies which give a basis for extrapersonal unity of belief and action. For this reason the totalitarian faiths of the Nazis, Fascists and Communists appear to stem. from the same basic biological source as does the faith of the devoutly religious man. The very name, totalitarian state, is suggestive of this.” Dr. Hoagland’s paper, which resulted from group discussions in New England, was among those discussed at the opening sessions of

religious interpretations of the meaning of life,

the five-day conference. -

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