Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 August 1941 — Page 11

TUESDAY, AUGUST 26, 1941

Hoosier Vagabond

MADISON, Wis, Aug. 26.—Across the top of Wisconsin license plates is printed, “America’s Dairyvland.” Wisconsin duces a 10th of

is the Denmark of America. It prothe country’s milk. The state bows down before the great god Cow. As you drive through the countrv vou can actually smell creamries without seeing them. You know how creameries smell—mot very good. But Wisconsin has got rich off cows, so it should worry about odors. There are more cows in Wisconsin than there are people. Taking the U. S. as a whole, there are only half as many cattle as people. But in Wisconsin the population is 3,137,0000 humans and 3.406000 bovines. Cows are are all right. but on long winter evenings I prefer people. Wisconsin produces more than I havent the remotest 11 billion pounds of milk is. yundreds of millions of dollars. Wi isconsin is such a predominant milk state. that it should also be a predominant So I have taken it upon myself to look cheese situation in Wisconsin. This investigation has entailed considerable sacrifice on my detest all forms of cheese except the ut vou know me; no sacrifice is

11 billion pounds conception But it

ret fr BTS rat-trap var -

Wisconsin makes more than half the cheese made in America. It turns out 123 pounds a year for every man, woman and child in the state, while out in Idaho, the mext highest per capita, they make only 21 pounds per person. Dried Milk Booming especially a cheese-eating people In fact down about 11th among the cheese-eating nations of the world. We eat only a little more than four pounds of cheese each per year Even so, that's twice as much as we ate in 1909. The Swiss eat 16 pounds I have alwavs looked upon cheese as 8&8 nonessential in diet. and a very non-essential nonessential at that. It wasnt Hy my visit to England Jast winter that I realized how important cheese is to some people England was very short on cheese. So thev were moving the scant supply out of areas where cheese was considered a luxury. and concentrating it in other parts—such as Wales—where the people had eaten so much cheese for so long that they were bad off without it

Americans arent

I we ee

be In-

As ye asting

ONE OF THESE DAYS well probably augurating some sort of a super rental agency, vacant housing unit in the City. Since the national defense boom got started. dozfamilies have been moving here every week and finding a place to live has been a terrific task. Considering the local activity, the housing situation here is among the best in the country, Federal authorities sav, but it could be better. Even with hundreds of new homes being opened, the demand is crowding the supply. We are told that Earl Teckemeyer, as head of the Real Estate Board, has done a marvelous job of co-ordinating the various realtors’ efforts and finding housing for mewcomers, but the big catch is that hungreds of individuals owning rental property deo not place it in the hands of realty agents. Thus this type of vacancies is difficult for strangers to the city 10 locate. That's

evers ens of

defense

where the so-called super rental agency would help. Operated by the Chamber of Commerce, or som civic organization, the agency would peal to every owner of rental property to list vacancies with it as a civic and patriotic duty—as well as a way of finding tenants easily.

Those Lilly Percherons ELI LILLY'S blooded

helding the reputation of

Insc nr tls summer.

livestock seems to be uphis Conner Prairie Farm Both the grand championship mare

Serious Problem

WASHINGTON, Aug. 26 —British-Russian success

in Iran will not be as simple as it seems. Though military victory should be speedy, it probably will create a serious sabotage problem, alienate Turkish sympathies and increase Arab-British friction. London and Moscow are not unaware of these hazards, Inherent in the “protective occupation.” hey explain the fruitless delay in the Eig after it was urged dy ilitary advisers a month ago. "R was aoped that Riza Shah Pahievi of Iran could be won over by forms of encouragement short of shooting, or at least that Turkish opposition would diminish. But Hitlers advance across the Ukraine was so rapid, and Moscow's mood was such, that action was necessary yesterday almost regardless of the consequences. Stalin is reported disappointed by Britain's failure to open a new front, which would draw off some of the concentrated Nazi pressure against the Russians. Since Britain was unable or unwilling to risk a dversion offensive on the continent during the first nine weeks of Hitler's all-out Bastern drive. it was felt she should help close the Iranian gap between her armies in the Iraq and India and form a junction with the Russians. » = =» SO THE ADVANTAGES of this joint occupation of Iran are as manifold as they are obvious. With sgecess, It can: Open two southern supply lines to Russia for American and other military materials, a sea route through the Persian Gulf and a land route through Baghdad. American-made planes can be by the ferry service via Brazil, the South Atlantic. Central Africa, Cairo, the airfields of Iraq and Iran, and across the Caucasus.

My Day

WASHINGTON, Monday.—We said au revoir this morning on the train to the young Duke of Kent and his aide, who started off on a long day of inspection which will take-them to Norfolk, Va. and back here by 7 o'clock this evening. I think what impresses me most of all in meeting English people today, is the great strain under which they have been and their sense of obligation in fulfilling whatever they consider is their duty. In coming to Canada and

drateste

; 7 : : oR 5 g | =

Wisconsin today has around 2000 cheese factories. | Only a few of them are great big affairs. Mostly they are small, and resemble an ordinary creamery more than they do a factory. Dairy farmers always make more from fresh milk than from any of the by-products. But they produce more milk than we drink, hence all these subsidiary | plants making cheese, condensed milk and so on. | There is a big boom in the dried-milk industry. because of the war. The Army is diverting much milk into the powdered-milk factories; se much, in fact, that some cheese factories don't have all the milk they could use for making cheese. As I travel across the country it is more and more evident how the war effort is finally reaching down to all of us. My skate-maker in St. Paul has enough steel for this year’s skates, but he’s very doubtful about next year. I had a hard time buying a pair of duck pants the other day—the Army is taking everything. The cheese factories use linen netting for dipping out and pressing the cheese, but soon theyll have to switch to hemp netting—the Army wants the linen.

Some Feoctories Are Short

‘Although cheese stocks are nQt actually in danger. the factorv I visited is just about out of cheese; in fact it has had to buv from other factories to fill its

he - DER EE, 7. \ N

orders. | Just within the past couple of years, factories making all types of European cheeses have sprung up in Wisconsin. This is because cheese imports from Europe have stopped. The people in Wisconsin say they can, and do. make just as good “foreign” cheese as was ever made in Europe. They say you can be a ‘connoisseur and | take the blindfold test, and veu can't tell Wisconsin | cheese from European cheese. The factory I went through makes Swiss cheese | only I would have liked to go through a Roquefortcheese place. where thev age the stuff in caves. But | all theee places are back along the Mississippi River. | and I'm too Tar east to retrace now. | Tt's probably just as well anvhow. went through the Swiss-cheese factorv the manager) kept breaking off hits of cheese Hore and there and making me eat them. 1 found I could get Swiss cheese down by turning | mv head and swallowing hard. But if anybody ever tried to hand me a piece of Roquefort he'd be going too far. Tomorrow Il try to tell you how they make Swiss cheese. Actually I dont know what causes milk vo) turn inte cheese, but at leh I'll be in there making | the whey flv. Maybe well wind up by getting ice! cream instead. With ie nut syrup on it. I} hope so.

- For when we |

{ {

(Continued from Page One)

present police, of whom Germany has seven varieties.

There is a growig:r body of

| party functionaries running all

the way down to the block leader, 1 responsible for the party loyalty and daily activities of a single block in each town and village. All this leads to a topheavy economy, with not enough primary producers. Some slack can be taken up at the beginning as long as a certain amount of unemployment remains over from a capitalist economy; but when this has been ended through increased war production, the economy from then on tends to b come more and more unproductive. Totalitarianism is by nature parasitic and predatory. It cannot live on its own resources, but must forever consume the wealth of its neighbors. The whole technique of German commercial pol-

| icy is one of exploiting the assets

Inside Indianapolis [And “Our Town”)

and stallion were shown by Mr. Liily at the Wisconsin State Fair last week. Mr. Lilly modestly explains the championships with! the remark: “I guess there werent very many entries.” The Lilly Percherons are entered into the Ohio, State Fair this week. Next week? That's right— theyll be back home again at the Indiana Stave! Fair. And by the wav—one of those ships coming back! from Scotland for more defense goods will be carrying | as ballast one of these days soon a fine Shorthorn | bull just purchased for Mr. Lilly. The bull, which bears the impressive name of Cruggleton Currency, is to replace another which made it safely through the submarine zone a little] over a year ago but up and died here not long ago. Hay Fever Ete. BILL BOOK. of the C. of C.. is in Traverse City, Mich., for the next we2k or so, getting away from! hay fever and budgets. Myron Green. the Chambers industrial commissioner is going to stay herd and sneeze. Nothing does his particular brand of allergy any goed, he says. . The sundial in the little park at Watson Road and 36th St. is a nice Jittle statue. The only trouble with it is that the arm, which is supposed to throw the shadow, is missmeg. Sabotage. no doubt. We told you a couple of weeks ago about the Leo M. Holmes family heading for Wisconsin to snag a few muskies. Well theyre back and the muskies all are in Wisconsin. Nary a strike. . Cale J. Holder is geiting along nicely at St. Vincent's, we hear, after an appendectomy. . The band was playing as we walked past the Salvation Army headquarters at 26 S. Capitol Ave. And it wasnt a hymn, either. It was “Daddy.”

By Ludwell Denny

Protect the rich Iran il wells and mineral deposits tor the Alles. Block one Hitler overland road to India and to Suez. Enable Britain to send troops to the Ukrainian | front if she desires. Break the central link in the Turkish-Tranian- | Afghan chain of independent states which now pre-| vents British consolidation of the Near and Middle | East. But Allied milita v

victory may merely multiply | the political difficulties. Iranians ar: suspicious of all foreigners, and hate their former “protectors™— Britons and Russians. Thus the armies of occupation | will have a difficult and long police problem. Sabotage in Iran can be especially effective. Hence] the immediate military objectives are the southern oil fields and pipelines, the north-south railway and | the airfields. = = =

IF THE GERMANS ever break through the Rus- | sian defenses for the battle of the Middle East, they can count on wholesale Iranian sabotage ehind the British lines. Meanwhile Iranians will co-operate with underground Nazi Fifth Columnists, whose expulsion was demanded by the British and Russians but refused by Riza Shah. Not that they love the Nazi, but that they hate him less than their British and Russian neighbors. Turkey's attitude is even more important than Iran's because she is stronger. She controls the Straits. She is the only remaining barrier to a direct Nazi attack on the British Middle East and to a Nazi! flank attack on the Caucasus. While the Ankara Government is expected to! maintain official neutrality, the hostile reaction of the Turkish press suggests that the invasion of Iran! may leave Ankara less cool to Nazi deals. If the Turks now wink at Axis use of the Straits! for control of the Black Sea, much less the secret! or open passage of Nazi troops across Turkey, the! Allied occupation of Iran will be costly.

By Eleanor Roosevelt

drove me around in the morning to see as much as| possible of the Naval Training Station. I saw the| various air squadrons, where the boys learn the dif- | ferent phases of flying which are necessary in the! Navy. I saw their auditorium, where movies are given | free for their entertainment, and where many classes are also held. I saw the section which is given over to the train-| ing of British pilots and met their commanding of- | ficers, whe spoke with appreciation of the training their boys are receiving. I do not think I have seen In any station a more complete setup for physical exercise and recreation. Every available space is used for courts and playgrounds, so that the boys may have different kinds of exercise according to their tastes. Great attention is paid to their physical development through participation in the athletic program. Gene Tunney and his superiors must be very happy over their accomplishments along these lines. There is, as yet, no U. S. O. building or program being carried on in the city, though the money raising campaign went over the top. It seems to me im-|Hi portant that these buildings be erected as quickly as possible and the programs begin to function, for they

{leading to numerous executions.

of others. While the Nazi state grows ever more powerful, its citizens suffer continual reductions in their living standards. All totalitarian regimes must | keep their peoples warlike and Door in order to hold them in ine.

” r ”

Aggression Mandatory

THIS ESSENTIAL sterility of the Fascist system is one explanation of its aggressiveness. The totalitarians are a group of bandits who have learned no useful trade or occupation but are well armed and have no scruples about attacking their neighbors. Germany has, under Hitler, thrown away her possibilities of peaceful trade and understanding with all the world and has no option but to go forward in the campaign of aggression. She must not. in Hitler's words, “export or die”; she must fight or die. Under these circumstances, it is completely useless to await any peaceful settlement of Europe's troubles, The Nazis are not organized for peace. They would not know what to do with it. I am convinced that if the German people were told that their period of war was over, almost everyone would commence to think about his own private affairs and wonder, “Just what do I get out of all this?” Hitler must prevent things from ever settling down in this fashion. He must continually create emergencies to retain his control. The totalitarian state that has reached its objectives will blow up from internal pressure. For this reason there is no limit to be : set set upon | Hitler’ S ers aggression.

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He has promised future wars to bovs too young to participate in the present struggle. He has written in Mein Kampf, “The human race has grown great in war. In peace it would only decay.” Dr. Ley, head of the Labor Front, in an especially characteristic outburst, declared in 1938, “In five years the German woman, her rifle in her hand, will bear her children in the trenches.” At that time Europe was at peace. But it probably was the last peace any of us will see until totalitarianism is destroyed.

” = »

Policy of Falsehoed

ANOTHER IMPORTANT aspect of National Socialist mentality which profoundly affects dealings with the outside world is an open and cynical disregard of truth and justice in carrying on negotiations either in war or in peace. Hitler has stated that “truth is anything which will help the German cause.” He has also stated that he is willing to make treaties and agreements from time to time, but, of course, anybody who believes in them is nothing more than a fool. One day, before our commercial treaty with Germany, containing a promise of equal treatment, had expired, I visited the Foreign Office to protest against the unfair

The Indianapolis Times wvemie pe YO) CANT DO BUSINESS with HITLER

SECOND SECTION

“Totalitarianism is by nature parasitic and predatory. It cannet live on its own resources, but must forever consume the wealth of its

neighbors.”

discrimination practiced upon our exporters of United States lard.

The Foreign Office explained at great length that no discrimination existed, and imports of Amerjcan lard were treated precisely as those from any otner country, that our country had received a quota of 40 per cent of its average sales to Germany for the last three years, and that every other country was treated the same. Upon this, the American official who accompanied me reached into his pocket and brought out a

Danish agricultural magazine, which contained the text of a secret agreement by which Denmark had been receiving a quota of 65 per cent compared to 40 per cent given us. The German official appeared only slightly embarrassed. He reached into his desk. and pulled out the German text of the identical treaty and explained that that was the way things were done nowadays.” I said, “Well, now?”

what can we do

He said, “You can file a pro-

test.” “Yes, but we have already submitted a great number of protests, none of which have appeared to do any good.” I took my hat and started for the door. The official accome panied me to the door and said, “I hope this little incident will not disturb our friendly personal relations, because I want you to remember that I have to earn my living somewhere.” This was the only answer which the high official of the German government could give when his government had been caught in a flat lie and when their signature on our commercial treaty had been flagrantlyand openly dishonored. I felt that there was little use of making further protests, and that there was less use of draw ing up fresh treaties or agreements with peopiec who dishonor their existing agreements so cynically. n

Treaties Obsolete

THE LONG CAMPAIGN for tearing up Germany's signature to the Treaty of Versailles and the propaganda which attempted to maintain that debts to foreigners should not be paid, if such payment would lower the German standard of living, bear bitter fruit. Now international respect for the sanctity of treaties is at a minimum. It is significant to note that no peace treaty closed the recent wars of Italy in Abyssinia or Al« bania, that no peace has been signed in China, that there was no peace treaty at the closing of the Spanish Civil War, and finally that Germany has signed no peace treaty with her conquered neighbors. It does not seem likely that the present European war, if Germany wins, will end in any treaty. There will be no peace conference, but simply the surrender of the conquered people on the basis of the best terms they can get ine dividually. One of the most disconcerting aspects of Hitler's tactics is that no one can find out his final terms. All nations or groups who have made agreements with the Nazis up to the present have found that these simply lead to the making of new agreements on harsher terms, that there is no final limit to what Hitler may demand fro his victims. The people in conquered France, the Low Countries, Scandinavia, Poland, and Czechoslovakia live under suspense — their present situation is bad enough, and the future promises to be even worse. Whatever visible rights they now possess may be taken away from them at any moment. They have no possibility of re= constructing their shattered affairs on any permanent basis. They can only live and suffer from day fo day. There seems no doubt that these tactics are well designed to lower the morale of the subjugated peoples and make them more pliable and helpless victims of the conqueror. Copyright, 1941, by Little, Brown and

Co.; Distributed by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.

Tomorrow—“IF HITLER DEFEATS BRITAIN.”

PRISONERS SHOT /ran. Descendant of Proud Persia, Once Ruled Known World;

British Invasion Opens Direct Route for Aid to Russians

IN RUSSIAN WAR

Red Cross Says : Sav. Camuaion]

Is First Where Pact Didn't Work.

By DAVID M. NICHOL

Copy right, 1941, by The Indianapolis Times | and The Chicago Daily News, Inc.

BERN, Aug. 26—The Nazi drive| {inte Russia, now entering its 10th)

'week, is producing some extracurri-|

‘cular savagery which was not pres-| ent in the earlier campaigns of this) war except in isolated instances. |

With losses in casualties and cap- | {tured soaring daily, there is still no| ‘organized or reciprocal system for | handling prisoners. There are in[dications further that this condition is causing concern on both sides and

The Tribune of Geneva reports from Berlin that Bulgaria, which undertook the protection of German interests in Moscow, so far has been unable to get complete or adequate information about the treatment of German war prisoners cap[tured by the Russians. What reports, in turn, reach Moscow about the fate of the thousands of captured Red soldiers, is not known here. Part of the problem stems from the fact that Russia is not a signatory of the so-called Geneva Convention of 1929 governing the handling of war prisoners. In the other {campaigns of the war, the conven'tion has worked almost better than might be expected in a continent spinning dizzily toward destruction and collapse. Almost as soon as the Nazi forces started over the Russian border, the International Red Cross began negotiations to mee the absence of any formal

agreement. Private reports reaching here from Berlin, at the same time, say that numerous on both sides have never reached prison camps. According to these accounts, the Russians are singling out, for execution, largely, members of the S. S, purtiewiatly the Leibstandarte Adolf tier, Fuehrer’s hand-picked Be Similar summary treatment is reported for munist

v¥ UNITED PRESS By their joint .nvasion of Iran, Great Britain ana Russia are furthering their war with the AXIS powers by finding a means of direct communication through Persia, which was once, centuries ago, an empire that dominated the then known world. Now British supplies, and, if needed, British troops may march across the high plateaus and mountains of northern Iran to join forces with the Russians on either the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea, or Russian soldiers and troops may Cross the other way to join the British in Iraq or Syria or elsewhere in the Near East. Iran, the modern name of the ancient kingdom and empire of

or western.

Parsia, is bounded on the west by | which the British control |

Iraq, after putting down an Axis-in-spired revolt, on the northwest by neutral Turkey, on the north by Russia and the Caspian Sea, and on the east by Afghanistan, an independent kingdom, and Baluchistan, a province of British India. = = » THE ROUTE, though direct, is exceedingly difficult. Across northwest Iran from Iraq to the strip of Russia that comes down along the west bank of the Caspian to form part of the northern border of Iran, is a distnace of some 200 miles, but there is no railroad, the roads are exceedingly primitive,

are much needed in the towns neay our various training stations and camps.

> 5

Smbets among Red soldiers captured by the Gemmans.

HOLD EVERYTHING

“Hey, Bud-=got a match?”

and the country is exceedingly difcuit. Across northern Iran from Iraq to Russia on the eastern banks of the Caspian, the distance is some 500 miles but here the route meets at Teheran, the capital, approximately half way across the transIranian railroad, which meanders

from the Caspian southwestward to the Persian Gulf. The railroad would be of great value, however, by filling the land

| gap between the Persian Gulf,

which Britain controls and where she could land as many troops and supplies as necessity demanded and her shipping facilities permitted, andthe nearest point in Russia.

= = 5 THE PART OF IRAN that is not mountainous is absolute desert. Its population is estimated at 15,000,000—there never has been a reliable census—which would mean 19 inhabitants for

each of its 628,000 square miles. Its capital, Tehran, has a population of 540,000 and there are four other cities—Tabriz, Meshed, Shiraz, Isfahan—which have populations of over 100,000. These cities are exceedingly primitive by western standards, however, as is the country as a whole. The country is ruled by Riza Khan Pahlevi, the Shah, who derives his crown if not his blood from Darius, the greatest of the ancient Persian conquerors. The Shah was an absolute monarch until 305 when the people com-

| pelled the then reigning Shah to

grant a constitution and consent to a national assembly which is called the “Majlis.”

LJ ” 2

IRAN SHOULD BE of particular interest to Nazi Germany because it means, “the land of the Aryans,” and, according to some authorities, was the cradle of the race. The first great Persian conqueror was Cyrus, who, before his death in 528 B. C., extended his dominions westward to the Mediterranean. His son, Chambyses, conquered Egypt and the Greek

The distance of this route is | | some 800 miles.

Islands of the Eastern Mediter= | ranean.

He was assassinated by Darius during his efforts to conquer Ethiopia and Darius immediately proceeded to organize the vast cone quests of his predecessors into an empire. His son Xerxes was the most famous of Persian conquer= ors. There were other conquerors after him, but with the rise of the Romans, the Persians began to decline.

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1—In the United States Army, what does A. W. O. L. mean? 2—Which Cabinet member strongly urged that we “use our Navy to clear the Atlantic of the German menace,” one week before Presid ent Roosevelt ordered shipping lanes in the western half of the ocean cleared of German raiding craft? 3—Who wrote “Uncle Tom's Cabin”? 4—-Madagascar is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea or the Indian Ocean? 5—Name the capital of Tennessee. 6—The moon revolves around the earth; does it also rotate on its axis? T—What are Hertzian waves? 8—Is Wednesday the third or fourth day of the week in our calendar?

Answers

1—Absent without leave. 2—Secretary of the Navy Knox. 3—Harriet Beecher Stowe. 4—Indian Ocean. 5—Nashville. 6—Yes. 7T—Radio waves. 8—Fourth

# # = ASK THE TIMES

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for ree ply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washe ington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St, N. W, Washington, D. QC. Legal and medical advice cannog be given nor can extended research be undertaken. ..'