Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 May 1941 — Page 16

= relief—food stamps, cotton stamps, distribution of surplus

The Indianapolis Times

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THURSDAY, MAY 22, 1941

THE WAY TO SAVE IS TO SAVE WE believe the new. WPA appropriation. should be re-| duced, not merely. to $886,000,000 as the President proposed] but to $500,000,000. . RT a That would support a WPA payroll averaging nearly 600,000 persons through the 12 months beginning July 1. The reduction would be large, since the WPA payroll for « this fiscal year is averaging about 1,700,000 persons. But, in our opinion, a large reduction is justified and necessary. It is true that the great direct increase in private employment, as a result of the Government’s defense spending, is: not evenly distributed over the country. It is- true that ‘many people now on WPA will not be wanted by defense * industries, even though many of those industries are to be further expanded to an extent not now known. ’ But it is also true that the chief industrial areas— those which pleaded greatest need for WPA funds in the ~- depression years—are now booming on defense money. They. are. regaining ability to support their own needy, whether classified as unemployable or employable. . ¢ “WE have heard it advocated that the Faderal Government retire altogether from the field of made-work, abolish WPA and give such states and communities as can prove their absolute inability to cope with the problem cash grants to apply: toward direct relief. Such a change, we think, should be made only after thorough study, which would require time. In advocating, instead, that the WPA appropriation be cut to half-a-billion dollars, we are mindful of the fact that Fedéral relief is being extended in many ..other forms. . - i There are bounties, grants and loans for agriculture] ‘The National Youth Administration, budgeted by the Presi‘dent for $101,000,000, is now asking an additional $57,000,000, apparently on the theory that the best defense against proposed economies is an offense for more money. The CCC camps are budgeted for $265,000,000. And Federal direct

‘commodities, etc.—are down from $101,000,000, while ‘there are reports that this amount is to be increased: : : Cuts in the doles to agrjculture, to NYA and CCC and other forms of Federal relief, if made might alter our opinions as to what should be done about WPA. There is, however, no indication that the Administration favors'such cuts. There is abundant: evidence that the Administration has in mind, in addition to actual defense, many plans that - will call for increased spending. : ; We agree with Secretary Morgenthau. Non-defense _. spending can and should be reduced by at least a billion dollars. This:country cannot safely pour out tens of billions. for defense and at the same time continue other spending as usual. it:

SIX AND ONE-HALF CENTS A DAY

‘HE average cigaret smoker uses a pack a day. If he

earns an average salary, his income is not taxed by 5

the Federal Government. March 15 passes him by just

like any other day, and he never meets a Federal collector |

face to face. ; But on that day and on the other 364 days of the year, every time he tosses his change across the tobacco counter, 614 cents of it are earmarked for the Treasury. He's fra. ly conscious that he’s paying taxes. The Internal Revehue stamp on the.package doesn’t advertise the fact that 615 cents have been taken from him. The stamp merely records the information that 20 cigarets are in the package. Anyone who pays his taxes in such-invisible dribbles isn’t likely to be much concerned when he sees his Government wasting a few million dollars here and there on leaf-raking and fish listening projects. But suppose the Government should refrain from this daily pocket-picking of pennies, and once a year send a bill saying: “For the privilege of smoking cigarets, 614 cents a day for 365 days— $23.7215.” If that happened, we suspect the citizen smoker would start: showing much more interest in Government spending. : hot : The politicians who drafted the Administrations tax bill shudder at suggestions of taxing this average fellow's income. But they show no compunction whatever at increasing the take from the same fellow through increased hidden taxation. They want to boost the cigaret tax to 8 certs a pack, which would make the average smoker’s annual tax bill $29.20. They want to double the rates on cigars, snuff and othgr tobaccos; hike the levies on liquor, beer, wine, gasoline, automobiles, refrigerators, radios; charge him two cents for every bank check he writes and a penny. for every soft drink, tax his every railroad and bus fare; his candy, chewing gum, phonograph records, musical instruments, watches, matches, etc., etc. ete. : It would be far more honest, far more equitable, to tax his income, ‘so that each citizen will pay according to his ability, and each will realize exactly how much he pays.

F. D. R’S ECONOMIC ADVISER Fre JSADORE LUBIN is said to be slated to become the President’s special economic adviser. :

Because he is (a modest public servant, rather than a |

_ limelight ‘politico’ or a dollar-a-year tycoon, you may never have heard of him. But he has been an increasingly important official in Washington since he became Commissioner of Labor Statistics eight years ago. ~~ th oA In the defense organization he is an aid to Associate Director Hillman in labor affairs, and also the economist of the OPM ‘priorities division. In the last war he was one of the experts of the Baruch War Industries Board. ~~ Whatever his new title is, he will be neither pro-labor, pro-business, nor even pro-Roosevelt, but simply pro- " “yood government. : . He has never dictafed New Deal policy, but he has more than once furnished the figures to keep the Dream - Boys from going off the deep end. He is the rare specimen of a liberal economist who is neither a dogmatist nor a witch | “doctor. In the early days the President was apt to listen

.yapping about balancing budget. ‘out how it can be.done?” He then challenges me fo ‘suggest a plan.’ ‘First of all, it is a good while since

So They

I UPON the buying .of these bonds &s a |

Aviation By Maj. Al Williams

Nyctalopia and Scotopia Sound Funny But They Concern Night Vision and That's Important In War NJ ¥CTALOPIA and Scotopia. What of it, or of in things with funny names, but thére are people who

fore of Nyctalopia and Scotopia—and in a real hurry. * Those people are the highranking officers of the Royal Air Force. They have been interested . ever since they started trying to

ful night raids, where the first pressing problem is to see the dark, fleeting in heavens, and the second\is shoot them down. : eh

for good night vision, while “Scotopia” refers to poof night vision. The oculists admit knowing very, : ; little about why one man’s eyes can see well at night and another’s are deficient, but they have devised an instrument—the photometer— to measure the night-vision acuity of the human eye. ” = = ' HE subject to be tested is seated before a contraption, in the face of which is a frosted window. He is told to look at this window, a light is turned on and the frosted glass glows bright white. After the subject stares straight at this lighted window, for a certain time the light is turned off, and he is instructed to read tbe letters or numbers on a smail chart just below the window. To your surprise, you are unable to see anything

to regain your vision and read the chart. Slowly, your ability to see returns, much as your eyes become accustomed to the darkness in a movie theater after you have left thé bright sunlight. a for airline work, the man tested is supposed to recover full vision within five minutes. What the military and naval air service flight surgeons demand, I don’t know. : 8

8 : A FOREMOST oculist has explained to me that bright light bleaches out the “visual purple” in the eye. The visual purple is the chemical property which enables the eye to accommodate for light sensitivity. Its efficiency is closely related to the Vitamin A reserve in one’s body. : . Flight surgeons claim this test enables them to y whether a man is married or single. This is on he theory that bachelors eat any kind of food, without regard for a balanced diet, while the married men eat what they are given, usually including the raw vegetables which are a source of Vitamin A. I'm also told that some people can eat & barrel of Vitamin ‘A with no material effect on their visual purple. It all seems.to depend on the capacity to absorb and then vitalize this vitamin. The broad conclusion, however, is that excellent general health, indicating soundness of the gastro-intestinal tract, holds possibilities of Vitamin A improving the adaptation of one’s vision to darkness. A healthy eye’ can be cultivated to greater efficiency for seeing in the dark by being shielded from bright sunlight at all times. That's why RAF night fliers wear dark. glasses in the daytime. Some of them seldom venture into the daylight. (Westbrook Pegler’s regular column ; tomorrow)

will appear

Business By John T. Flynn

Expenses Rising So Rapidly I¥'s Futile to Talk of Budget Balancing

EW YORK, May 22,—A correspondent writes to N me, sharply complaining that, “You are always Why don’t yeu point

I have yapped about balancing the budget. Performing that miracle is so impossible in the light of what we are doing that it would be madness to mention the subject. ; The way to balance a budget is easy enough. You simply cut ex- . .penses and increase revenues. But “if you want to know how to balance the budget while increasing, expenditures enormously and increasing revenues only a little—L do not know how that can be done. There is no point in going into : a lot of figures here. But it looks as if we were going to have an $11,000,000,000 deficit this year. ‘ : : We can therefore balance the budget by cutting those 11 billions out of the bills or by piling on 11 billions in taxes. But if you will look over the budget you will se? that ‘there is only about $2,000,000,000 that can be

cut from the peace-time budget, and that would be a

pretty tough job. Nobody will consent to cutting anything out of the defense budget. That would still leave us $8,000,000,000 in the red. What we should have to do, therefore, is to cut

“$2,000,000,000 -out of the expenditure side and add

$9,000,000,000 in taxes on the receipts side. 8 2 2 - W& are trying to raise $3,500,000,000 through an extra tax bill. And people have heard the yawps which that modest me e produced. What would happen if we tried to cut out that other $7,500, 600,000 of deficit by increasing taxes anather $7,500,~ 000,000, m=aning that we must add $11,000,000,000 to our’ tax bill? It might be done, but it would be done to a mounting chorus of groans from the people. The $3,500,000,000 increase is producing enough yelling. If you will examine the budget, you can find places where you could make as much as $2,000,000,000 in cuts—perhaps $2,250,000,000. Then you wculd have to impose only $8,750,000,000 in additional taxes—onily! But, as we look at the passing show in Washington, no signs of cutting appear. . Instead we hear weekly of new increases--a billion for farm parity loans, hundreds of millions for youth movements, etc. All these may be worthy things—but this is not “cutting.” - A mere cursory glance at-these simple facts makes it pretty clear that we are not going to do any budgetbalancing and that, while it is fiscally possible to do, it is humanly impossible. Therefore I have no expectation that it will be done. Hence I have not yapped. 1 merely hope we may hold things down as much as possible, so that the attermath may be as little harmful as possible, . Sef ;

Say—

11 nation. _cessity and a moral duty, a duty toward one’s country, toward oneself, one’s family, one’s children and grandchildren.—Ignace Paderewski, Polish pianist, speaking in behalf of Defense Bonds.

NOTHING ELSE matters except that after the war is over we shall live in a free world, in the kind of a world in which we want to live.—R. G. Menzies,

Australian Prinie Minister. : a * A

THERE are three sides to every strike—the ers’ side, the employers’ side and the right cide.—

Fa

Enos M. Herrick, New York City NLRB regional

a good thing mor solved an important problem in the history of the world —Albert W. Hawkes, new president National Chamber of Commerce. PSL of life. And Democracy will

DEMOCRACY, as a way of life, is various totalitarian ways win only if Willkie, 1940 G. 0. P.

THERE: love God and their fellowmen. Others “of peace because they love themselves.——Rt. Rev. Henry

to the experts

LL

who could talk louder than Lubin, bt latterly |

“, ae]

are trying to learn more about the why and where- | - find a way. of offsetting the dread-

“Nyctalopia” is the term used |

for a time. The doctor allows you about five minutes |

_|du Pont. $2100,

‘wrork= |. and bitterness never have done |

it’ works better than they do.—Wendell

ARE those who love peace er y use they oth

them both? Well, maybe yoy aren't interested |

Ls

i

For Kw

wr 4 Rey

Gen. Johnson

Says—

“He's Not Picking Him for Anything But He Suggests That Oklahoma's Governor Is a Man “to ‘Watch

ULSA, Okla, May 22. — Somewhere, sometime there is sure to emerge a new national leader. His head is certainly not visible now. The Republican Party. has been so utterly out that the odds against any rising head there were too great to expect mich, . In the Democratic Party, the single personalized leadership was so strongly entrenched and so .determined to rule in solitary glory that, if any heads did arise; as . some started to do, they were so promptly and effectively beaned ‘that pretty soon no heads dared . to: rise. ; Sil Far be it from me again to suggest any new messiah. My record is very bad. Either Arthur Krock or this writer (there was some friendly dispute about this) “discovered” Wendell Willkie as a

_ candidate ‘for the field marshal’s baton, long before

nomination. There is no longer.any dispute as far as this column is concerned. It respectfully retires from that competition. It claims no distinction here except as an expert lemon-picker.

men and things encountered in traveling up and down |

Lincoln as a remote possibility in the frontier state of Illi ven as late as.1858. Few would have picked rougher Andrew Jackson. or equally rough Zachary /Taylor until some quick turn of chance threw - them into a pitiless spotlight and that light proved

their true metal. . » 2 s

HIS Oklahoma, politically, is no easy horse for a Governor to ride. It is “wild and woolly and full of fleas, and has never been curried above the knees.” - The legislature has a pretty wide aptitude and lati« tude for impeaching and convicting Governors—no§ for any malfeasance, but bécause it doesn’t like the

.| color of their hair.

Th

: | - e Hoosier Forum I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

QUESTIONS REASONING OF LINDBERGH CRITIC By J. A. Keyes, 641 Ft. Wayne Ave. A writer in the Forum whose patriotism is admirable but whose reasoning is -not wants to imprison Lindbergh and Mrs. Ferguson and prohibit the newspapers printing

| their views. ; If this was done Hitler would be

pleased indeed because he would claim it was proof that democracy will not work, Persecution of those who express their opinion is too often followed by persecutions for other reasons such as race, religion, ete.

Add to this control of the press and you @ave the very formula that today makes Hitler the 'menac that he is. 8 8 =» RAPS PAY RISES GAINED BY ‘CRIMINAL ACTS’ -~ By James R. Meitzler, Attica, Ind. Mr. Taylor is back with his soap box. Now, Mr. Taylor, although I am against unearned pensions. for paupers and unearned wages for reliefers, I am not against wage increases for either free or union labor provided they earn them. But, like all law-abiding citizens, I object to wage raises being earned by criminal acts or free labor being forced into unions either by lawful or unlawful violence. |

You condoned the union’s criminal violence reported by the newspapers, but charge Weir with murder. Prove yoiir charge and send him to the chair. In Mr. Taylor's eyes a $5 to $10 daily wage is a pittance. Ford is blamed for paying his floor sweepers $5 a day for the last 20 years and making a $10,000 investment into a billion.., Mr. Taylor says Henry Férd won't let workers use the lavatory. He claims to have worked there two and a half years until he was fired. No doubt he was the cause of Ford making that toilet rule. Mr. Taylor claims that in 1940

per employee, Standard Oil $2200, If Mr. Taylor had not made that absurd statement that 4 per cent of the population own 90 per cent of the wealth we would have more faith in his figures. Suppose they did make that much, what was the per cent on their in-

General Motors made $970 net profit}

x - 9 (Times readers are invited to express their views in *. these columns, religious controversies excluded. - Make your letters short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed.)

vestment? What about the years they paid wages and went in the red or made only a pittance? : Mr. Taylor, if you begrudge Ford his billion, why, instead of bellyaching, do not you and your union take $10,000 from the treasury and start a factory? You could pay yourselves whatever wage you wished or loaf in the lavatory to your heart's desire. A recent Times editorial quotes statistics by Assistant Treasury Secretary Sullivan showing 87 per cent of the national income is received by those whose income is $10,000 or less; 80 per cent by $5000 or less: 51 per cent by those of $2000 or less; those whose omes are over $10,000 got only 13 per cent of the national income. And in that edition of The Times in which Mr. Taylor's letter was printed an editorial quoted Edward FP. McGrady, labor consultant, figures that Mr. Taylor’s unions had lost through strikes enough time to have produced 40,000 Garand rifles, 1000 completely armed light tanks, 200 Curtiss-Wright pursuit planes, 100 training planes, 3000 50-caliber machine guns, 500 75-millimeter gun carriages, 30,000 anti-aircraft shells, and steel enough to build 12 battleships." ;

8 B » BLAMES GOLD HOARD FOR PLIGHT OF WORLD By Harrison White, 1135 Broadway

Senator Wheeler takes the position that “now is the time the President could well afford to seek a peace which would save England, her empire and her fiéet.” : Secretary of State Mr. Hull takes a different approach on the question of eventual peace, contending that until a system of open trade be established, “there will never be peace in any real sense of the term.” ‘ I think Mr. Wheeler is right and

I think Mr. Hull is right, and the

Side Glances — By Galbraith

5 ¢ 3? ey. 2 : na =) “ Py 2 oJ ~~ * vie (5):

‘|world as far as gold is concerned,

standing the fact one often hears

legal it isn’t murder any more than

{more instances. But the time to make such revision is before publication, not after. ;

peace Mr. Wheeler speaks should. provide for the peace Mr. Hull speaks of; that is to say, provide for a trade on an open and equal basis of exchange; Mussolini gave as one of the causes of the war “all the gold has been taken from the

operative, so the nations of Europe

dium of exchange to meet their trade balances.” | For the last eight years our nation has attempted to control the

and if you should want something to think seriously about now, just take a look at the world; we have the gold and jit is not security for one government obligation calling for the payment of money; it is hidden away in the earth and as our present policy makes it worse than useless, I believe it would be good statesmanship and good diplomacy for our President to. now say to Messrs. Hitler and Mussolini: “Gentlemen, if you say so we will prorate all this gold among the nations of the earth according to their population to be used for a basic medium of exchange that they may trade with one another on equal basis and in| consideration thereof all nations | must give personal Hberty to its/ people as our constitution gives it to us; I believe the

France in Africa should take a shakedown along with the gold. I believe all debts personal and public should be cancelled to save the generations to come from slavery by taxation and the people should start off from where they are with governments. that govern least; I be-

lieve that with some variations pro-| } hibiting organizations that tend to|& become a menace to personal liberty, | §

we could do away with war. . ”» ” ”

FINDS WORDS CAN BE DECEPTIVE THINGS By Claude Braddick, Kokome, Ind.

The pleasure I derive from writ-| 3 ing to this Forum is almost counter- | § balanced by the mental anguish it}

causes me. Of the various forms of literary expression, I hit upon this as least exacting and therefore least laborious. With each effort, however, I become more impressed with the fact that making a simple statement that says what I want it to say, and whose slipshod diction will not cause seli-reproach, requires painstaking thought and revision parallel to that. of other literary forms. - : In a recent letter, for instance, I characterized the killing of soldiers in battle as “murder.” That distresses me greatly. Notwith-

the expression, “legalized murder,” there is really no such thing. If it’s

the having of more than one wife is bigamy in countries where such is

legal.

And so it goes. T could cite many

THE GULL By DANIEL B. STRALEY From out the sky with searching eye ER A gull gwept into view, ..

nations of the ‘world and made in-

have been left with no basic me-

frontiers controlled by England and|-

Then winged its way across the bay!

AFL, compare? - :

The present Governor, Phillips, whose front name is Leon, but whom everybody calls “Red,” has that wild . horse eating out of his hand—and not off it. This is something of a miracle because, in New Deal parlance, though a Democrat, he is called by the controlling “lend-spend” national autocracy a “hier« etic.” He has guts enough to believe in state economy, in a balanced budget and in decentralization of nha< tional and even state authority. He believes in these old American habits, as well ag those of individual self-reliance and self-support. In this state, its national representatives in both Senate and House have sold out these natural virtues for Federal patronage. In such a condition, it is a minor marvel that eyen they and the national fifth New Deal have dared do no more than a little sure reptitious sniping @t the roughneck Governor. It hasn’t worked. It hasn't, because he was elected by the people on specific promises in the America creed, already stated. Those promises he has performed ¢0. the letter. This is an experience so rare in presentday politics, that regardless of partisan differences, he J is a sort of local hero of all parties. ' No Governor can serve two consecutive four-year terms in Oklahoma. There is today a strong bie partisan movement to change the Constitution and “draft” Governor Phillips for a second term. He could get it hands down. He says he will veto it— and he has never yet broken a public promise.

# * 2

IKE Lincoln, he always looks as though he had slept in his clothes and, like Jackson, he has the scarred face of a fighter. He has never fudged a public obligation including war duties. He speaks in short sentences and, without any formal eloquence, he lifts the customers out of their chairs. He speaks a homely language and punches like Dempsey “until something drops.” If he is afraid of any old political bugagoos, it hasn’t been discovered. He has a record for driving corruption out of government. The- high-brows are never. going to get him “on his roughness. #e is loaded with the highest coll>ge honors, not only in scholarship, but in athletics. He worked his way to his present position, through the ‘law and the legislature, including his education, in ‘the hard way. :

1 am not picking Governor Phillips for anything,

. but I advise keeping an eye on him. He is of the .

earth earthy and of the old American stock. If that, among our alien influences, is a handicap, he has it, but he has the advantage of demonstrated courage, culture, experience in ‘ernment and a complete record of honesty in and out of public service, : / y

A Woman's Viewpoint lewpoin By Mrs. Walter Ferguson F you are a woman on a manhunt, the latest census figures will help. Get out of the New England, South Atlantic and East South Central areas, where females outnumber males, Horace Greeley’s moss« grown advice to boys now comes in handy for the girls. Matrimonial grazing is bete ter in the short-grass country. And, by simple arithmetic, wa deduce an answer to a major feme -inine problem. The scarcer men ¢ are, the harder it is to get a good husband.’ And men are getting too scarce for comfort in & good many sections. fo ‘& This means that serious changes in’ our customs will take place. - Numerical unbalance between the sexes affects social habits and moral codes. It means keener NT competition for men’s favor and that, in strange and perhaps unpleasant. ways, our sex will become aggressors in courtship. Also, that a good many women will live alone, like it or not. : All this mdy sound as if women were on a spot. Speaking matfimonially, they are, but th» facts also carry significant implications for men, for it stands to reason the same kind of unbalance will occurin economic fields. For instance, it doesn’t make sense to tell the girls of New England to take to domesticity, leaving

‘other kinds of work to men. There won't be enough

kitchens to go around, even if every woman hankered to stay in one. And there aren't enongh men ta, make up the industrial quota, no matter how honié~. keeping the feminine population might like to be. Another thing: Unless more women are elected to political offices in those areas, the majority doesn’t rule; there is taxation without representation, and the _ ure is undemocratic. So, if we can't have husbands, in common justice we should be allowed the privileges of other majorities —we ought to have political precedence over men.

Eaitor’s Note: The views expressed be columnists in this newspaper are fheir own: They sre not nécessarily those of The Indianapolis Times. . rs

Questions and Answers

(The Indianapolis Times Service Bureau will answer ny question of fact or information, not involving extensive cee search, Write your questions clearly, sign name and address, (nclose a threg-cent postage stamp Medical or legal advied ‘cannot be given. Address The Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 Thirteenth St.. Washington, BD. C.). - ° ot Q—How do the salaries of Philip Murray, president - of the CIO, and William Green, president of the

A—Green is paid $20,000 a year as president of

'| the AFL; Murray receives no salary as president of | the CIO. He

is paid $12,500 as vice president of the Workers of America. :

'« Q—Why is it easier to lift a body With a large

©

But that does not debar random observations ont #-

this country. The field of possibility is unpredictable = and unlimited. . Nobody would have picked rough

\

¢