Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 April 1941 — Page 5

WEDNESDAY, APRIL

NAZI DRIVE NEARS ATHENS; STAND MADE; KING FLEES

23, 1941

250,000 in Greek Western Ary Surrender to Axis; Chief Questions Now Are How Many Escaped And Where Will Hitler Strike Next. (Continued from Page One) sell their lives as dearly as possible between the Nazi spear-

head and Athens.

Today two questions were uppermost iy London. How many British troops have been saved? Where will| inte, Africa and recaptured all of

Hitler strike next?

To the first question there was no ready answer.

The

Germans have claimed—and logic would indicate that they! are correct—that the British in the past few days have been

desperately attempting to evacuate as many of their troops! country

as possible.

The evacuation, it was assumed, is still under way and | will continue until the Germans smash through the last human barriers and reach the quaysides where British troops|

are moving out to the boats.

But there has been no estimate of how many men will

come back from the Balkan scores of ships sunk by Stuka and level bombers, both in Greek ports] and in nearby waters.

Axis sources reported that heavy casualties were being inflicted on the retiring British forces along the roads leading to Athens and at sea, where perhaps 160,000 tons of shipping including two British destroyers and several armed merchantmen, and possibly 30.000 troops were claimed lost in the last few days. This claim, it seemed evident, was

anh exaggeration. The be®t estimates g.o into an important fleet anchor- damaged. Bardia last Saturday.

had few Greece rearrun

indicate that the British more than 50.000 men and casualties in the bitter guard fighting probably will high Against these diers and possibly (the bulk of the Greek Army was concentrated in Albania and never came to engagement with the German offensive) the Nazis are thought to have hurled upwards of 450000 troops. paced by three armored divisions, possibly 1200 tanks and one or two air fleets, possibly a total of 3600 operating aircraft, not all, however, in service at any one time. How many planes were assembled by the Royal Air Force to combat the Nazi air armada is not known but correspondents report that on some davs they saw only one or two British planes all day long and often saw one or two Hurricanes cr Spitfires tackle Nazi formations of 106. 20 or 30 aircraft The Allied defeat in Greece was attributed largely to lack of airplanes and heavy mechanized equipment to oppose the German armored divisions, but in London the British Government declared that American-built airplanes were now going into service in large numbers. The R. A. F. now possesses almost 1000 assembled American and Canadian airplanes, Lord Beaverbrook, the minister of aircraft production. | told the House of Lords. King Georges proclamation—an-!

30.000 British sol-

have been)

imainland, Greece will fight on. | said resistance on the mainland had

100.000 Greeks)

gamble. Berlin claims that]

nouncing the withdrawal of the | Government to Crete—made evident that, although forced from the He

been swamped by German numbers and by the unauthorized action of the Greek Army of Epirus and Macedonia in asking an armistice. How feasible resistance from Crete will prove was uncertain. Crete is the fourth largest Mediterranean island. It is 150 miles long and six to 35 miles wide. been there since Italy's attack on Greece and have transformed Suda is only 60 miles

age. However, it

from the Greek mainland. within|

easy bombing range of German aircraft. It is 350 miles from the chief

| British naval base in the Mediter-|

ranean Alexanaria. What Are Hitler's Losses

What price Hitler has paid for his Balkan triumph is not yet] known. British and Greek reports indicate that the German casualties have been severe, possibly more severe than in any of the other brief campaigns in which the Wehrmacht

has engaged. Berlin, to the con-|

trary. claims that casualties have

{ been low, possibly the lowest of any |

offensive. The cost in equipment, nowever, 1s almost certain to be im-| pressive as detailed eyewitness ac-|

(counts tell how the Germans have | mountains |

kept rolling over the despite break-downs of machines and destruction of their advance elements by Allied artillery fire. But in London attention was swinging already to the next phase of the war. Hitler's is

spring offensive cal-

culated to have been launched about | It has gradually picked

March 1 up momentum, on land, sea and in the air. Since March 1 the Nazi luftwaffe has launched a terrific series of selective air raids upon British Isles objectives, singling out important ports and ship building centers, for ithe most part. in an attempt to | erush the facilities for landing sup- | plies in Britain and for nd for making

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The British have!

| Germany's

| ration of war would cause | totalitarian effort which the United

| ships with which to bring them in. At sea the co-ordinated campaign iof submarines, long-range aircraft land surface raiders has taken a

{heavy toll—March sinkings were [8

high and April sinkings probably | will be revealed as higher when | the figures are finally issued about | May 15. On land Hitler has pulled Bul- | garia into the Axis and swept over Jugoslavia and Greece He has moved important reinforcements

ibya. His forces now are poised {on the Egyptian frontier, headed | toward the Suez. They are poised iin Macedonia, pointed toward the Dardanelles. A probably Nazi-in-spired coup in Iraq has forced the British to land troops in that! to protect the back door to J Turse, Syria and Transjordania.

South Egypt Fears Blow

Today in London the threat tol t and the Suez looked real and | | immediate. a were suggestions that the Nazi pause at the Egyptian frontier may mask a heavy concentration! lof German forces at Giarabub| Oasis, 150 miles south of the Medi- | térranean, for a push into southern | Egypt where Britain probably does! not have as strong forces as te the! north opposite Sollum. The British reported their desert forces still were taking offensive | action against the Axis columns in! the north. Australians from the) besieged port of Tobruk struck larg at the enemy lines, a Cairo communique said, and captured 17 Italian officers and 430 men in one| {big raid. In Ethiopia, the British still pressed the Fascist armies back | but encountered severe resistance before Dessie. London revealed that a British force had raided Snel

{Many thousand: of poorly clothed |

{and homeless refugees were stream- | | ing today out of the much- bombed leitv. Spanish reports said that parations at Gibraltar to withstand a long siege seemed about completed. Stockholm reported that the Germans are moving motorized equip{ment toward northern Norway, |either in preparation to repulse a British attack or for quick move- | ment to Finland in event of an attack on Russia.

Today's War Moves

(Continued from Page One)

than now. was not in the German orbit. but Russia had been subdued land German troops were in the Ukraine district overseeing the export of grain to the Fatherland. In addition. Turkey was 2 German ally and was showing more military competence than Germany's present aliv, Italy. Thus. in the previous German struggle to control Europe, the Balkans were subdued, Russia was prostrate and Germany had rightEE oc across the Dardanelles into Asia Minor through her association with the Turks. Today, similar ambitions apparently circulate In Hitler's mind. The Hohenzollern progress to the east dnd into Asia Minor aroused emotional expectations of a great German victory over the democratic nations. But in the end these adventures far away from the Western Front only contributed to the eventual exhaustion of Germany;

| got under

pre-|

The addition of Greece to the

iconquered and embittered peoples

of southeastern Europe does not bring the Axis any nearer to winning the war than did the Hohenzollerns a quarter of a century ago. Ss main objective must be the homeland of Great Britain. No

| far flung victories in Southeastern

Europe or the Middle East can be-

Some substitutes for the direct sub-

{ jugation of Great Britain, if Ger- | many is to win Js 0 win the war,

AMERICA'S ENTRY INTO WAR URGED

(Continued from Pages One) the

States must make, (a) to keep the battle going on this side of the Atlantic, and (b) to save itself from being left at the mercy of Germany, Italy and Japan. They point out that Jugoslavia had nearly one million tough fighting men, at the outbreak of its war with Germany, and

| that the United States itself has | barely one million to defend all its

territories.

5. An American declaration of

{war would bolster the hard-tried | spirits of the invaded nations and

would encourage them to fight on. It might still make the hardboiled opportunists who run the Soviet policy think again and limit their assistance to Germany. In the past, American correspondents and even official observers have hesitated to express such sentiments. Those who have ventured) | such opinions have been accused by their fellow countrymen of being pro-British expatriates who are trying to scare the Americans into doing something to save Britain. The gentlemen who &re now expressing these opinions in private cannot be accused of anything but 100 per cent Americanism, plus an equal percentage of sheer realism, based, as previously mentioned, on long and practical experience. Comparec to many of them, Col.

Charles A. Lindbergh is a mere fledgling who, as iar as political and military affairs are concerned, could not presume to speak from the same platform.

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Charles Hume, Logansport, and Mrs. Nelle S. « +» +» worthy grand patron and matron at the opening Eastern Star

session,

Business sessions of the Indiana Grand Chapter annual meeting of the Order of Eastern Star way today afier the nearly 1500 members attending heard welcoming addresses at an informal program last night at the Murat Temple, Today's program was featured by the luncheon for Mrs. Louise Wolf and Frank Scott, named today as worthy grand matron and worthy grand patron, at the Athenaeum; a dinner for past grand matrons and patrons in the Claypool; the annual dinner of the Indiana State Secretaries’ Association in the Bamboo Inn. and the annual ball tonight in the Murat Temple. The grand march will be at 10:30 p. m. The convention will be concluded tomorrow afternoon f{ollowing the installation of officers. At last night's informal opening session the delegates were welcomed bv Mavor Reginaid H. Sullivan, Governor Schricker, Claude Jacoby, grand master cof the Grand Lodge of Indiana, ano Mrs. Nellie Polk, president of the 11th District Matrons. The re-

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

0. E. S. ovens Sessions

PAGE '5

Johnson, Perrysville

sponses were given by Mrs. Wolf, Mr. Scott, Hezlep W. Clark and Charles D. Hume.

MNUTT URGES NEW

6. 0. P. JOLTED BY HIGH COURT

Judge Cox's Power to Grant Injunction Upheld; Appeal Filed.

(Continued from Page One)

sulted in. many impromptu celebrations, Unless there is a sudden change

in the situation, it will be several weeks—probably months—be-

hand, are equally’ insistent that their procedure not only is proper but is the best way to avoid confusion and bring about the speediest decision. If the G. O. P. were per-

mitted to make appointments, they claim, there would be hundreds of suits going on in the courts—one between each appointee and the incumbent who refused to get out. A Supreme Court suggestion two weeks ago that the opposing counsel get together on some method of bringing up the constitutionality question at once failed to produce results. Attorney General George Beamer and Walter Arnold, attor- | ney for the Governor, agreed to “waive all questions of jurisdiction and procedure to settle the constitutionality issue.” Mr. Gilliom said that “while an

early decision is desirable, we want to follow orderly judicial process and do not want to set bad precedents.” That ended ,the speed-up attempt, for the time being at least. Mr. Gilliom asked the judges to rule son whether the declaratory judgment proceedings would settle the legality question, but the court failed to do this in yesterday’s opinion. It said only that “If the facts support the finding and order of the trial court, the case falls with= in the class in which the court hag jurisdiction to issue injunctions be= cause of involvement of property rights. . If the facts before the court below do not justify the injunction, the court's action is not void but merely erroneous and it can only be questioned by assigning

error on appeal.”

fore it is known whether any changes are to be made in State employment. This is disturbing to the more than 20,000 G. O. P. job seekers but good news to the esti mated 12,000 Democratic workers, Two weeks were required for the Supreme Court to hand down yesterday’s opinion, and then only through a flurry of last-minute ac+ tivity. It is believed a longer period

peal. If the injunction is broken, the

G. O. P. will make appointments and the Democrats will start con-

will be required to rule on the ap-

No matter how you

testing their right to office in the lower courts. All decisions then would be appealed. If the injunc-| tion is upheld, other legal likely will be raised before Circuit Court hearings actually are started | on Governor Schricker's three dec- |

1, S. SOCIAL GAINS

NEW YORK, April 23 (U.P). — | Federal Security Administrator Paul | V. McNutt said today there would {be no retreat for social gains during | the defense program and that new social machinery must be placed in| operation during the next two years | “if we are to preserve the American way of life at all.” Mr. McNutt addressed members {of the Bureau of Advertising, meet- | ling in conjunction with the annual convention of the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association. He appealed to advertisers to participate in a program of national 2ducation “to move America fast enough to do the job.” h “Total defense—whether on the home front or the international front—is the biggest job of mass

| production and mass education that | stitutionality question.

America has seen yet,” he said.

laratory judgment suits filed in mid-| March. And decisions in these cases also would be appealed. The Governor's suits are the basis upon which .the injunction was 1s'sued by Judge Cox to prevent “wide{spread and serious confusion, uncertainty and irreparable damage | to the State and its citizens.” From the start, Arthur Gilliom and Fred Gause, authors of the | contested acts and chief defense | attorneys, have contended that nothing can be settled by Mr. Schrickers’ cases. They ipsist that | the Governor and four Republican | state officials are not the proper parties to such action. Instead, they say. the Republican officials should be permitted to make at least the Attorney General | appointment, scheduled for last { April 1. Then the appointee and {the incumbent could go to court with a just case to settle the con-

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