Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 April 1941 — Page 3
E INDIANAPOLIS TIMES PAGE’ gs
Axis-British Struggle for Oil in ‘Garden of Eden’ Begun
By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Times Foreign Editor
WASHINGTON, April 21. —The struggle now begun for the control of Iraq, reputed cradle of civilization and site of the Garden of Eden, may develop into one of the most crucial of the war. Not only does Iraq mean Mosul and Mosul mean oil, but from both a military and naval point of view, its possession is of tremendous importance to the future of the British Empire. Just a few hours before his tragic death, the late Lord Lothian made a speech in which he said that Britain's first task was to defend her great ring of defensive positions—Gibraltar, Egypt, Suez, Capetown, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand. As long as she could do that, he said. “we and the democratic world beyond are safe.” Today Nazi agents are actively seeking to turn the Government of Iraq against Britain. Should they succeed, it would be a direct plow at the Suez Canal and Egypt and go a long way toward nullifying the importance of Capetown and Singapore. Not only would it complete the jsoiation of Turkey, but bring the
MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1041
American Reaction Stumps the British
London Had Been Confident That Reverses Would Awaken U. S. to Stronger Aid.
Br WILLIAM H. STONEMAN Coprright, 1941, by The Indianapolis Times and The Chicago Daily News, Ine.
LONDON, April 21.—The reaction of American public opinion to the events of the past week has completely stumped the British. According to all confidential reports reaching London from the United States. the bad news which has been coming out of Athens Cairo and London itself has completely failed to arouse Americans, in general, and has simply served as useful material for Col. Charles A. Lindbergh and other isolationists] who have been depending upon the)
what is now taking place in this ancient, out-of-the-way corner of pedition under Gen. Townshend up the Tigris to Kut Al Amara, where the globe. he was besieged in 1916 and forced to surrender, Gen, Maude took The three chief cities of Iraq are Baghdad, Basra—where British Over and, in 1917, captured Baghdad. troops have just arrived—and Mosul, the oil center. Across the At the time of the Mudros Armistice between British and Turks Tigris from Mosul are the ruins of Nineveh and the tomb of Jonah. in October, 1918, the British had pushed on to a point 60 miles south . Some 230 miles southward lies the Arabian Nights capital of Baghdad of Mosul. ‘But the British continued to and beyond Mosul thus, in and somewhere thereabouts—between the Tigris and the Euphrates— Turkish opinion, violating the armistice and starting a quarrel which is supposeq to have grown the “Tree of Life” in Adam and Eve's almost caused a new war half a dozen years later, Garden of Eden. Still farther to the south is Basra_"Bassorah” to Hitler may now revive that quarrel. Almost certainly he will if Arabian Nights readers—where the Euphrates and the Tigris join not Iraq favors the British instead of him. Turkey claimed the entire far from the Persian Gulf. Vilayet, or Province of Mosul. London, however, backed the claims of This region—the triangle from the Persian Gulf to Mosul to the Iraq, then under British mandate, and the final settlement failed to Valley of the Nile—is vital to the British Empire. If Suez is the satisfy either the Turks or the people who were cruelly cut off from Empire's jugular vein, the area itself may be called its throat. A their homes. It provides the Fuehrer, therefore, with a situation much stab there could produce serious, if not fatal, consequences. to his liking. That none knew this better than Kaiser Wilhelm IT is a matter of Nineveh was of great strategical importance thousands of. years history. He dreamed of a railway “from Berlin to Baghdad” and that before Christ. Mosul remains so to this day though planes have taken dream was one of the causes of the World War. London was quite the place of Assyrian cohorts and airfields supplant walled. cities. aware that it was not just a railway line he was after, but to control On April 4 the pro-British regime of Premier Gen. Taha Hasima
“Germany cant be beaten” argument in warning their fellow countrymen away from open conflict with the Axis. “The gloom.” says one report, referring to the past week, “didn translate itself into alarm for America’s position or any nation-wide demand to speed up aid to Britain, Greece, or Jugosiavia.’ This reaction is more or less what the British thought it might be, but it is not what they were led to expect by a number of prominent Americans who favor immediate and active participation of the United States in the war. These peonie believed, quite sincerely that, that the Americans had passed the stage at which they might be intimidated bv Axis successes and have constantly advised the British that bad news would stiffen the American attitude toward Germany. They have insisted that the British ought to advertise their defeats] as well as their victories in order to
bring home the seriousness of the
situation to the United States, and
they have equally insisted that the]
propagation of bad news would be a good rather than a bad thing for the British cause.
For their part, the British have,
doubted this theory but have made Mody.
some concessions to it, with the net result that they have jumped from | optimism to pessimism in periodic public appraisals situation
of the
Opinion both here and in the United States has obviously been confused by this performance and |it has not been enlightened, at the same time, by a sufficiently great {output of factual information in re-
gard to the situation. It is now realized in London that the double-barreled campaign in
the Near East and the Battle of the,
Atlantic have been badly mismanaged, from a propaganda viawpoint, at the same time that the Germans have been doing their job in a typically efficient way. First, at the time Gen. Sir Archibald Wavell
commander-in-chief of the Middle!
East Command, launched his offen-
sive against Cyrenaica, there was a |
flood of optimistic news, insuffiiciently salted by reservations in regard to the possibility of later reverses. than anybody else how few troops {they had there and how great the chances were that they would be unable to hold their gains and help Greece at the same time. When, in fact, the bad news did begin to develop, they minimized it or remained completely silent until whatever they had to say about it was no longer They followed more or less’
The British knew better]
Nazis to the Persian Gulf and the Indiana Ocean, where they could join hands with the Japanese, their Far Eastern allies. The whole course of the war, therefore, may be influenced by
More Than Halt of Lréace Lost to Axis
WLR,
this region.
Turkey and cut the Empire's throat. Throughout the last war there was tremendous military activity in
The British came near
disaster there. They sent an ex-
was overthrown by Rashid Ali Beg Gailani, a military leader of Baghdad and reputedly pro-nazi. This has been denied, but the British have landed an army at Basra just to make sure.
VICHY GETS NEW GERMAN OFFER
Complete Adhesion to Nazi Cause Hinted, But French May Keep Fleet.
By PAUL GHALI Copyright, 1941, by The hdanayony Times and The Chicago Daily News, Ine.
VICHY, Api: 21.-=<A “ast chance,” five-point offer, reportedly brought to Paris from Adolf Hitler
4 by his personal delegate, Dr. Otto
IE
interesting any- |
| the same tactics regarding the Bat- |
tle of the Atlantic, although they
desperately serious that conflict was
| going to be.
Hitler, ‘People’s General
By DAVID Copyright, 1941, by BERLIN, April 21.—1 have put f= the holiest and dearest.”
marched into Poland. “I will not 1
M. NICHOL
The Indianapolis Times and The, Chicago Daily News, Tne. on that uniform again which to me | said Adolf Hitler the morning his armies |
ake it off until the victory.”
Fight national capitals since have been enguifed by the iron tide
of the Third Reich geographical and political entities,
Three nations have disappeared entirely as
The goose-stepping troops in grey |
their knew as well as the Germans how
|
Abetz, is to be handed to Vichy's Vice Premier, Admiral Jean Darlan, in a final effort to win Vichy into active participation in Germany's continental struggle. This correspondent received that | information today together with a ‘report that Admiral Darlan is due | to go to Paris shortly to confer with | Dr. Abetz, sultations with Der Fuehrer,
Hitler's Program | Various straws in the wind indi- | cate to observers that Vichy's complete adhesion to the German cause {is inevitable. i | Hitler's program, declared to be |similar to that proposed by Vice Premier Pierre Laval before he was deposed last Dee. 13, follows: | 1. Expenses paid by Pra Sut
German occupation are to duced to less than halt (now
just returned from con- Se
Plowing Patriot
TOKYO WAITING FOR MATSUOKA
Special Cabinet Meeting Called; Plane Halted In Manchukuo.
TOKYO, April 21 (U. P) Fore | eigh Minister Yosuke Matsuoka res | turns tomorrow to report on his | negotiations with Germany, Italy | and Russia, enabling the Governe yen; to view its whole foreign: pol« Liev in a new light. | Domei, the official news agency, said that as a result of the neu« | trality pact Matsuoka signed with | Russia, and the “strengthening of | the Tripartite Pact” resulting from his visits in Berlin and Rome, Japan's position in the Far Bast | had so improved that “all quarters” were concerned about her future | policy toward the United States, | Great Britain and China, and | toward her southward expansion program. Matsuoka had been expected today but Domei said his airplane was delayed at Dairen, Manchukuo,
by bad weather and he would are [rive tomorrow if weather improved.
Joyce Roberts, Salinas Cal, Junior College coed, hangs to the motorized plow handles in the school's farm tractor course—an auxiliary defense measure. She's the only girl in unglamorous but patriotic course.
An extraordinary meeting of the cabinet awaited Matsuoka's arrivals
A possible connection was seen between the Russian pact and a dispatch to the newspaper Nichi
Te: “CHICAGO SHRINERS ARRANGE HOUSING Nichi from Manchouli, on ‘the bor der between Manchukuo and Ruse
Some 700 members of Chicago's sian Siberia. saying Russia had suse 1 e vstic| A ae of i eo el pended travel permits on the transp : Siberian railways to all foreigners oh Sips at the Indiana 1. Thursday, effective until May airgrounds during the Im- 3° 1p, dispatch said this might inperial Shrine Council convention gisate Russia was moving part of here June 8 to 13. her Far Eastern armies to Europe The Fairgrounds’ buildings were io meet impending developments
000,000 francs a day).
& ; ic Two departments, those After two woth of blitzkrieg, about half of Greece's 50,000 square miles have fallen to the Axis. This ie oe, Hy the Nord, now Of
map shows the receding British-Greek defense lines and the extent to which Italian and German forces ,;. jurisdiction oi the Brussels | ed 10]
ve VALEN Whe cSumuy. | Gaulewter, are to be 1restor ven administration from Paris.
| total of 500,000 prisoners PRED LONDON Pk Mh has almost 2.000000) — |
farmers and uta factory Athens,
workers—are to May Not Insist on Fleet Remain to Lose Treas. | ured Monuments. |
4. Rectification R Vo Je Made to. | chosen as the site for the Chicago (here. | problems connect Shriners aftér an inspection bY| (Russia was reported to have had gh by The Thaanavels hicage Deily News, In
green have marched through five) other capitals without fighting. | War has flamed from the Arctic to the Antarctic and completely around the world. And out of it, in his 52d year, has come, in the minds of the German people, a new Hitler—the feld herr (field general). fn a concept which is consciously promoted, Hitler is portrayed as a people's general, almost a warlord —the Jance-corporal of the last war who rose to command the mightiest army the world has ever seen. If the Nazi Party, and Reich Marshal anvthing it has strengthened his Hermann Goering spoke. Propa- | hold on large groups of the German ganda Minister Joseph Goebbels people and has increased the semi- had delivered his eulogy the night divine attributes which had been before. The Feld Herr's activities bestowed on him previously were mmterrupted but briefly, for all He is even more the dreamer, this, as the German newspapers the mystic, the philosopher. He carefully pointed out. speaks less frequently, although his| Goering expressed some of the | oratory still carries the same com- [essence of the ideas: “From vour|
Hitler spent his birthday Yyesterday In ‘cirovimstances designed | to foster this picture. His special | | train, from which it was officially |
reported he is directing the Balkan | campaign, was in a tiny valley In 0 UN Y N
the southeast. There were the customary orders of the day for the Part of 6900 From State: Those Previously Rejected
three branches of the armed forces. Dr. Rudolf Hess, deputy leader of Being replaced. With the sixth selective service
Statistics Tell Dunkirk Stary
(Copyright, 1941. hy The indiana imes and The Chicago Day News, Ine.)
BERLIN, April 21.-—Statis-tics published in the Brusseler Zeitung give some idea of the aftermath of modern war Dunkirk, scene of the British || retreat from the Continent | last year, had 152 streets and || squares, ‘the account said. Twentv-one were
marcation line between occUDIed ayoginal Temple leaders yesterday. two ar Cairo saile and ROME and unoccupied zones presumably | sapiec MeVittie, illustrious order. two armies totaling Lue. nen communications and other Mediums tate of the Temple and 36 officers, Matsuoka passed through Man{of intercourse, of the Chicago order visited the echouli on his way home. In an ine 5. Germany will not insist (it 1S | mairerounds. |terview with Japanese newspapers affirmed here) on assumpiion Ot | gye Chicago delegation will come men there he was quoted that he | French naval bases or units of the 4, the Indianapolis convention in|had completed the pact with RusFrench fleet It will "understand ‘| june aboard a special train. Ap-|sia “in about 10 minutes” He said French reluctance to collaborate in. vimately 95000 Shriners are ex- although it was not on his itinerary,
! COpTLIRNL Times and Th
pulsion which swept him into the knowledge and experience you Chancellery. His public appearances | pointed out that achievement comes of all kinds are fewer—only five not from theorizing, but from since Jan. 1. He spends less time | knowledge of what moves and inin Berlin and more with his mili- spires the soldier, the little man in tary advisers, his charts, his models the forefront of the battle.” Hit-| of armaments Ter, said his officially designated “I want nothing more than to successor, not only knew how to be the first soidier of the Reich,” force the sharp sword but how to he has said | use it.
‘Got Sick of Killing’
By BEN AMES United Press Sta® Correspondent ATHENS. GREECE, April 21.—German troops have been massacred | in their first attempt in this war to invade a British position by boat, | a New Zealand officer reported today on his return, slightly wounded, from the battle of Mt. Olympus. In a manner symbolical of what they might have planned for the | English Channel, the Germans clambered aboard rubber boats —eight mien to a boat—and, supported by a withering barrage from | their armored cars lining the bank, and by parachutists descending on the British side, tried to fight across| a stream skirting a road in one of the Mt. Olympus passes
drowning men. Some of the boats were littered with dead and wounded men.” The officer, a former dairy farm- | jer from Auckland, said he was We sank one boat after another,” | amazed at “the absolute disregard the New Zealander said After| of the Germans for their own two hours the river was teeming losses.” with half-sunken boats drifting “We got sick of killing them,” he| downstream and with splashing 'said. “Tt was mass slaughter.” |B
|W. 20th St.; Ray | 1964 Park Ave:
| 701; | | aers St.
call for 6900 men completed Saturdav. Indiana began today te make replacements for men previously rejected. | Six Marion County local boards furnished 24 men for induction into Federal service today at Ft. Harrison. These were part of 242 ordered to report there today Marion County draftees were: i John lawrence Hoskins, 2240 Wheeler St.; Lawrence A. Urnagle, 2158 Av ondale Ave.; Howard Henry Huesing, 1201 N. Dearborn St. David Sherman Denham, 2615 N.| Gale St; Donald Harold Ratlify, | 5600 Stuarts St. Arthur Barraby Clerk Jr, 1317 Oxford St.; Jacob G. Richards, 2116 E. 12th St.; Erwin
demolished. In 24 others, only a few uninhabitable houses remain. Fifty-two others were “very heavily damaged.” Walls, roofs and windows in all the rest show signs of the operations, the account said. Fortythree monuments and public buildings were destroyed. In Malo -les-Bains, 600 dwellings were demolished and. 700 damaged, of a total of 2000. In Rosendaal, of 3966 buildings, 816 were destroyed and 1666 damaged. Of 2372 in Sint-Pol Aan Zee, 348 were damaged, and in Coudekerke, 800 of 3000 were demolished.
completely |
| Grover Yeager, 2710 N. Stuart St; Norman Fugene Flaskamp, 2958 | Langley Ave; Harry Archer Wilson, [1710 Brookside Ave. Maurice P. Trvine, 6136 Burlington St: Louis Irvin Rose, 1701 OF Ww SIDE STREETS Montcalm St.: Roy Earl Holt, 149 ¥ Henry Berman) pw, more street improvements James Henty Mor-| ge outlined to the Works Board ws, 830 N. Oakland Ave; Winston py qav py City Engineer M. G. Edward Pedlow Jr, Roy Francis Thopy, 314 San- gavione for the largest thoroughRoy Eider Urmsett, 723 ge modernization program in the t St; Charles William Rub- Give recent history. ly, 5911 Madison Ave, and William} “the new improvements recomPaul Gooldy, Beech Grove. mended were the removal of car
ASKS RESURFACING
IN INDIANAPOLIS
. Whist Ceb, 1:30 bs Here Is the Traffic Record, Tries Frrinitran Shore eee.
County City Total 7.30 b», m. Severin Hotel. Rotel
10 2% 33 Sehit Shoe Co, y Washington, 2% 20 4% Marguerite Fisher Clab, Tuncheon, 12:30 — Apri 19 and 20— MC oh ne on Group, dinner, © Accidents 62 Injured m.. Hotel Washiagton
Arrests 58 Dead : Rotary Cheb. Tuncheon SATURDAY TRAFFIC COURT |, “Gree cen, Cases Convic- Fines | Mercator Chad, Tancheon, Hotel Lincoln,
tried tions paid "Construction | t in 5 4 £18 t upcheon, Ineanepoly Home nen
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nights of Vatheran Service Cab, Iuncheon, Canary 0c age. Room.
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meeting, all day,
1940 1%41
. 32
Clavpool Hotel Tuncheon, Spink-Arms Hotel,
.
Speeding Reckless driving Failnre te stop at through street Bischesing traffic signals . Dranken driving ! AN others .
5 4
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Cah, Yume heath, YM © A,
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Totals veh 5 1 MEETINGS TODAY Wome Show Manufacturer
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tracks and resurfacing of W. Michigan St. from White River to Holmes Ave. ard W. Morris St. from Pershing to Harding Sts.
Charles ¥._ Sneed, 25 of 1138 Diyiston, Noblesville: Mareuerite N. Prone 19,
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; [Johnson to prepare preliminary * | plans and estimates for the improvements, which will be financed out of increased gasoline revenue, Meanwhile, the Board estimates for the resurfacing of | Central Ave. from Ft Wayne Ave. to 34th St. On asphalt, the Indiana Asphalt Paving Co. was low at £32995. William DD. Vogel and R. M. Bowen submitted the low concrete bid, $64953
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The Works Board instructed Mr. |
received |
LONDON, April 21 Great Brit'ain’s threat to bomb Rome if Athens
and Cairg are assaulted had a highly ironical Athens, Cairo and Rome to lose their treasured stone. London has already lost own. Many of its principal monuments remain intact but countless marks, the people of this city as the Colosseum is to the Romans, the Par- | thenon is to the Athenians, or the | Pyramids are to the Egyptians, con[tinue to be flattened in a steady stream | It can be announced now that, “in recent raids,” St. Paul's Cathe|dral was badly damaged by a direct {hit; that City Temple, the most | famous Congregational church in (England, was completely destroved; that Chelsea Old Church, built in the 15th Century, was obliterated, and that Chelsea Royal Hospital, a magnificant complex of buildings designed by Christopher Wren, got a direct hit on its infirmary mous business buildings that contributed to the growing pile of rubble were Christie's, the world’s | most famous auction house; Maple’s, | London's largest furniture store—
{both of which were completely de-|
| Stroyed by fire—and Selfridges | (founded by the former Chicagoan | Gordon Selfridge), which was damaged but is still doing business.
St. Paul's was hit in the north [transept and the erypt in which Lord Nelson's body lies was filled with rubble. Practically all
[ture of the cathedral appears intact. | City Temple, on Holborn Viaduct, which is now a mass of charred ruins, was the most popular free church in the country. Two thousand persons attended every Sunday and some of the most eloquent min- | |isters in the English-speaking world ‘had preached there
Lv are e. James D. Dy nasty. 21, of 430 Massaghusetis: oan Care College.
Gorham, 18 of 1811
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City. gue —Chaitman Norman H. Davis of the American Red Cross called {today for a “greatly increased” annual roll call to meet the increased demands placed on the organization by the “vast mobilization of America's defense power.” In the keynote aaaress ot the annual Red Cross convention, Mr. | Davis said many more than last (year's 8700000 members would be ‘needed to shoulder the “heavier Yin responsibilities” of today. He said the probable Red Cross services to Amerigan armed forces alone “must be expanded at a minimum cost of more than $35,000,000 Mr. Davis opened the convention with a message President Roosevelt who asked all Red Cross workers “to prepare Heh now to Say out all Red Cross charter!
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welfare and’ the President told the convention, “we recognize the R: a “ Cross as the official link between | Alter Burnley. 18, at City, Abdominal he men oy er | v m ome ey shou aay 62. Ab 8217 E. Washington. not minimize the importance of | SNR Sion. 55. at 548 Cofrer, core- | this, Neither should they overlook | Amor Biome, 66. at Methodist, cerebral the development of your many
b SK at 1850 B Buena | Other services
a bearing. directly or indirectly,
, at eared | pen our uation for the de- Paul V. McNutt will address the st
our country.”
.
wh
ross Roll Call
Asked to Meet Defense Needs
WASHINGTON, April 21 (U. PD). |
Mr. Davis reported that Red Cross relief to Great Britain now amounts to more than $13,000,000 and that total relief to all coun- | tries, extended by or through the
American Red Cross, amounts to|
almost $27,000,000. Every month approximately 25 ships transport Red Cross supplies to Britain, he said; “very substantial material relief” is going to Greece; aid to Finland continues: help to China has been “intensified; operations in Unoccupied France
have been resumed; additional aid |
has gone to Spain, “Because of conditions beyond our contol,” Mr. Davis said, “we have endeavored to extend relief to those whose needs are greatest— the victims of attack and invasion
We require sufficieht control by Red 2
| Cross representativese to make sure
that our relief goes ‘only to those KISTt!
| for whom it is intended. | “Above all, in no way must our foreigh operations constitute volvement in the military objec tives or the political issues of the war® | The theme of the convention was |
all of which have “preparedness for national defense” IRR eh
Federal Security Administrator
eption here in London. | remain |
much of ‘its!
land- | which are just as dear to!
the tax original glass is gone but the strue-
he
the manufacture of war material. Furthermore, France is to retain {he administration of its colonies | (except those formerly German). |
France Quits Leagwe
An ironic event
years. In effect, 20 years of French foreign policy found its grave when Vichy announced that France had decided to retire from the League of which it was a founder ang against which her conqueror Hitler bad rebelled early in his reign, | France's rupture with the League was accepted ag just a mingr incident as far as its public was concerned. Apart from certain leftist groups headed by Iriends of the late Foreign Minister Aristide Briand (famed champion of the League), Frenchmen had always been skeptical of the organization's possibilities.
HIGHWAY EMPLOYEE IS ORDERED TO DUTY
Charles H. Hunnell, 53703 E. Washington St., an assistant engie neer in the State Highway Department, was ordered today to report for U. 8. Army service at Ft. Crook, Neb, May 5. He is a reserve lieutenant in the engineer INE corps. Mr. Hunnell, who fought with the Canadian Army in the last war, has been with the Highway Department for the last 14 years. Commission Chairman James Adams said that his oss will be acutely felt, since there is a big construce tion program under way.
| OFFICIAL WEATHER
U. 8. Weather Barean
INDIANAPOLIS FORECAST — Fair and Fan tonight with light frost probable: te. | Marrow fair and warmer.
Sunrise \4 | Snse
58 Sunset... 8:28 TEMPERATURE “April 21, 1M. 2" LP Moone... BY
BAROMETER TODAY 6:30 a. wm. HS
Precivitation 34 hrs. sendin Total precipitation since Deficiency since Jan. |
MIDWEST WEATHER
Indiana--Cenerally fair tonight and tomorrow. light Jrest tonight, somewhat warmer tomorre Minais—Caneryile a HL t morrow EL toni warmer tomorre
Tower MiehigAN=< PAY SI vy tonight: tomorrow generally fair slightly
wRHGr Ohto-<Fair he pwhat cooler wit some iki It oh Trost in ex a places in sout DOELioN, mostly I ox in north portion: light showers nea Erie tonight: tomorrow generally oe ~ jeontinved cool KentnekveFair and slightly cooler with some likelihood of light frost in exposed places tonight: tomorrow increasing elondiness and continued codl. Wednesday showers,
WEATHER IN OTHER CITIES, 6.30 A. M.
va Wm 5 an. 1 5
39 8.80
and te-
ight t, somewhat
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| —His Holiness Pope Pius XII, ad- ggviet authorities.” | dressing occurrea OVer ang professional men yesterday, ap- when he called the week- end. France broke with | peal to all belligerents to spare the League of Nations after 20 (jyil populations and show generos-|and Italian leaders were ity toward their enemies.
pected for the national convention. (he paid a courtesy call to Josef
| Stalin 4nd Russian Premier V.'M, | Molotov “to thank them for the | warm entertainment accorded us by and that he had pact in mind
LOVE ENEMIES, POPE ASKS VATICAN CITY, April 21 (U.P). |
1000 university students had ne neutrality
His conversations with German “without reserve,”
Strauss
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