Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 April 1941 — Page 18

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The Indianapolis Times

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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1941

RESOLUTION FOR AMERICANS HIS is the darkest day since Dunkirk. The bad news from abroad should prompt Americans to pause a moment to reflect where we've come from in the last year, to consider where we are, and where we're going. Such thinking should serve the good purpose of awakening us to the peril of our own position. » » » For many months we deluded ourselves that it was “a phony war—until the blitzkreig conquests in Scandinavia, the Lowlands and France jolted us into sudden, feverish determination to arm as never before. But, even as we appropriated billions upon billions for defense, we began to lose our sense of terrible urgency. Britain stood up bravely under the air raids. Italy's weakness became evident. The gallant Greeks won victories. The Jugoslavs dared to defy Hitler. After all, we came to think, the Nazi war machine must have been overrated, Delays in our defense program seemed annoying, but not fatal. Eventually we would get into real production. Somehow the aid we promised to victims of aggression would materialize and be delivered. We would have time—time even to fight over our internal differences. Again we were deluding ourselves. The news from Britain, from the Balkans, from Africa makes it abundantly plain. Yet it is true that we have proclaimed to the world our devotion to those purposes and our intention to make them triumph. And now the possibility—perhaps the more than possibility—breaks upon us that our still unready country may be left almost alone to face the consequences.

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Americans, we dare to believe, are waking up again in renewed determination to get on with their job. Most hopeful are the evidences that industry and labor are increasingly attempting to settle their quarrels and speed production. For the first time in its 38-year history the Ford Motor Co. has permitted a responsible official to confer with a labor leader on the subject of union recognition. Eugene Grace asserts that Bethlehem Steel's employees “may have whatever representation, whatever form of collective bargaining they want, just so long as it meets the law and is valid under the law”—a declaration which, we hope, forecasts real peace in that segment of a defense industry. And union leaders are showing a keener realization of their responsibilities. It would be an evil thing to force this Government to conscript industries or forbid strikes in an effort to maintain production. The Government has more than enough to do without attempting to operate defense plants, while labor driven to work against: its will would have no heart for its task. Hitler has compelled the German people to build his war machine. That is not our way. But our way will not succeed unless, where Hitler imposes discipline, we practice self-discipline—unless labor and industry and all Americans resolve now to put their country’s needs above every thought of advantage for individuals or groups.

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Refugees

By Thomas L. Stokes

Between 2700 and 3000 Harried Souls Reach U. S. Every Month in Flight From Europe's Horrors.

(First of a Series.)

ASHINGTON, April 10—Every few days an ocean liner steams past the Statue of Liberty and unloads in New York a few hundred harried souls who welcome surcease at last from the nightmare of naziism they have left behind in a Europe pockmarked by war. A similar event occurs, though less often, at San Francisco, where the Golden Gate bridge stands as a symbol of achievement of free men, a sort of Statue of Liberty of the west. On the docks these refugees are received into the sheltering arms of relatives or friends, or representatives of the numerous relief organizations which generous and begin a new life in a land where no air-raid sirens sound, where no secret police shove them about, where life flows pleasantly down craterless streets busy with the ways of peace. ! The few boats which can still sail the seas without threat of torpedoes or aerial bombs are bringing in between 2700 and 3000 a month to New York and San Francisco. Of these about 600 a month come in through the Pacific from Japan and China, mostly on Japanese boats. Theirs has been a long road from middle Europe. Estimates range from 130,000 to 150,000 as to the number of refugees of various nationalities who have fled from Europe to America since Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933.

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HEREAS in the early davs of Hitlerism they came almost wholly from Germany, now all the subjugated nations are represented in the refugee movement—Czechoslovakia, Austria, Poland, France. Denmark, Holland, Belgium—though Germany still accounts for about half the total. Thousands who are qualified in everv way, who have the proper visas, who are financially able or can be provided for by relatives and friends, are having difficulty getting away from Europe. Transportation is the chief obstacle. Refugees now are coming largely through the bottleneck at Lisbon, Portugal. For their movement to America, there is one sailing a week on American vessels of the American Export Line, and sailings every two weeks on a few Spanish and Portuguese vessels. Back of the voyage, in most cases, is a series of hardships and disappointments—in the first instance getting out of the country where they have lived and

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for transportation. In some European countries

refuse to extend the transit privilege to enable persons to pass through those countries. The State Department and the Justice Depart-

doing everything possible to expedite the movement of refugees within the quota limitations. At the same time they are taking precautions against the entrance of Nazi or Communist agents, and resisting numerous pressures brought from various quarters.

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a year. In the fiscal year ending July 1, 1940, some 56,735 visas were issued under the quotas. Among some nationalities very few visas were requested; Great Britain was a striking example—her quota was 65,721, and only 3603 visas were issued. Altogether, 115,203 visas were issued in that fiscal year, including 41977 non-immigrant visas for temporary visitors, Government officials. aliens in transit, special cases under treaties, and 7490 from non-quota countries. But the quotas for several countries were exhausted. Against Germany's quota of 27370, a total of 27,363 visas were issued, while 6360 visas were issued of Poland’s quota of 6524, 376 of Rumania’s 377, and all of Czechoslovakia’'s 2871 and Hungary's 869. Some 576,565 persons have registered for visas in those five countries and are now on the waiting list. Reports indicate that some 60,000 visas will have been issued in the present fiscal year, ending next July 1. These include about 8000 for persons already in the United States on a temporary status, who are enabled, under an interpretation of the immigration laws, to go to Canada, Mexico or Cuba and get visas from American consuls there for permanent entry, a practice in effect for some time. NEXT—What has happened to refugees in the United States.

(Westbrook Pegler is on vacation)

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES °

| The Handwriting on the Wall!

Americans have created, *

getting through Spain into Portugal, then the wait |

{ departure permits are refused to many classes, while other countries |

ment’s Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization are |

HE immigration quota for all of Europe is 150,424 |

YEH AND MAYBE

WE'D BETTER START TAKING IT A LITTLE

OURSELVES

G0SATHE.

BRITISH CAN TAKE pry ~

The Hoosier Forum

I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

(Times readers are invited | Iam a union man and have been : . | for several years but I am also a to express their iN loyal American citizen. I had to be these columns, religious con. {an American citizen 21 years before : : |T was allowed to vote. My boys have troversies excluded. Make your letters short, so all can

[to be Americans 18 years before |they can work at organized lahor, have a chance. Letters must be signed.)

CHIDES CURIOUS FOR TACKLING VOICE IN CROWD

Fountain Sq.

views By J. B. Pomeroy, Sta, Indianapolis Here's one for Curious. Hee-hee-{hee-hee hee-hee hee. A guy like you would be telling a guy like Voice in The Crowd what it's all about —haw haw haw. Once there was an old dude who claimed he wished to high heaven that he knew half as i much at the age of 60 as he thought [well known that many union vs a 9 : iw | ‘ : oh ee Sohal B00 tn otis are Commie +74, 5 conpronm THING ’ + s 3 always been Nazi and Communist | . TO AMERICA FIRST | By Forest K. Paul, D. D. S., Member Indi-

[learn—but then, of course, maybe i . °"" [practice to cause internal sabotage | | bed ta} | rst. For the doctrine of both 18 (4na Committee for National Defense

{you won't. force and if we are to combat lils/ I ; ‘ itt d t w S rst | enemy already within our ranks, we ould seem the America Firs will have to use the combined forces | Committee by its own statement is

|but those foreigners can come over here hungry and before they get {the wrinkles out of their stomachs, | some of them are at the head of {some branch of organized labor.

LAID

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| | FORECASTS ULTIMATE | DEFEAT FOR HITLER

THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1941 |

Gen. Johnson Says—

Some Reflections From the Coast:

Spring in California Is Gorgeous; Holy Week Taken Very Seriously.

AN FRANCISCO, April 10.—Holy Week is bettes observed on the Pacific Coast, I think, than in some other parts of the country. I am not now re« ferring to the more rigorous piety and discipline of Roman Catholicism in this sacred seven days but to a more general public recognition that this really is a sacred season and that it means something,

It begins with tens of thou= sands of people celebrating sunrise services of Palm Sunday out= doors among these coastal hills and is in everybody's mind on through Easter. It is bootless to surmise the reason for this differs ence in ouflook, if any. Perhaps it is a tradition left over from the old Spanish days of the “splendid idle forties.” The whole coast is fragrant with these memories. Nearly all the towns and cities are named for saints and holy images—San Francisco, Los Angeles and even a whole area as big as some states designated on old maps “de la familia sagrada®” or, to you “of the Holy Family.” Perhaps that has something to do wtih it note withstanding that Los Angeles (but not San Francisco) is frequently described as “Des Moines, Iowa, greatly expanded and side-slipped to the Pacific,” meaning thereby that, although it may still be the city “of the angels,” it can’t be exactly regarded as the exclusive citadel of “native sons of the Golden West.” Yet it is closer to Mexico and the old Spanish influence is strong. » ”

UCH general California recognition of Holv Week may have an explanation in a perciselv reverse direction, Both Holy Week and Easter were preceded in the story of man by pagan festivals of spring. the observance of which traces back to the very heginning of history—the resurrection of the whole earth from the death of winter. You could believe in that, theory if you could see California now. Having lived here many vears, I am no tyro and I don't want to emulate Graham MacNamee who came out here years ago to broadcast a great football game and used most of his time on tne air raving about the attractions of Cali fornia. Just the same, thera has been an unusual rainfall and I never saw this most beautiful of all states in such gorgeous Easter raiment, Maybe that purely pagan delight is also part of this year's attention to the coming Christian festival. All the causes here suggested play some part but I think there is another and a stronger one. It is the contrast between this peaceful, heautiful and now very prosperous season and the starvation, fear, hatreds and indescribable suffering of so many people

un

| in so many other parts of the world,

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DON'T want to get soft and go sloppy and lyrical on the customers—although it is not at all diffi: cult to do in this environment—but, to me, ther seems to be something significant and symbolic i the lovely Easter emergence from winter of thi: beautiful and peaceful region. In the cycle of human events darkness and winter do not last forever. The return of Christ at Easte? was a similar symbol. It marked the beginning of the end of barbarism for a large part of the earth, for many centuries and until now. His influence is now again shadowed by the mass madness of men in Europe and Asia but the wheel always turns full | cycle. i The Eastern Easter greetings are still in point— “Christ is risen. He is risen indeed.” He will rise again and again for this piteous worid even from the darkness of death. I am glad I came out here and saw this miracle of spring. I can't explain just why or how but it has given me new faith and hope.

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The views expressed by columnists in this

Fditor’s Note: They are not necessarily those

newspaper are their own, of The Indianapolis Times,

By Lettie Sawyer, Greencastle, Ind. lof Christianity and Americanism as|misnamed. Their opposition to the

Since the beginning Europe has at | there can be no peace with justice gyitish Aid Bill was, they said, “a |

until the world is rid of their

presence and doctrines. o

(fight to make our 48 states the world’s last line of defense against total and prolonged chaos.” While {not questioning their patriotism,

times been over run by invading hordes of barbarous people. It was (300 years before a church could x . ; - 'grow strong enough to overcome BLAMES ALIEN ELEMENT | : . SF § LES | /paganism. Then came the Mo- FOR DEFENSE STRIRE : theirs is a policy of procrastinating |hammedian invasion which Coal City. Ind. 4imidity, however vigorously it may ‘have delivered Europe to the Mos- | This is my first attempt at writ-ly ovhounded, and proposes retreat lems had not the church been able Ing to the forum but when I read |, a “last line of defense” as an ul-

to rally the Christians to check the 'your paper, as I do every day, and ate goal. Would not the name invasion. see organized labor getting a black! Then the French eye, 1 feel that I must say some-!

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would | By Marten Purl, R. R. 2, In

Vi i Ay i Re olution |}; a. I know there are a lot of Propriate?

“America Last” then be more ap- |

A Woman's Viewpoint By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

' | ,e E sold our car two years ago because with five children we could not afford to keep it, and what freedom I have known since!” writes a woman for whom I have profound respect.

| . : : | To many Americans this will be a new and wholly

strange definition of freedom. But is it not a good one? When we become brave and wise enough to release ourselves from the slavery of owning things we cannot afford,

which was fostered by the Atheistics, ‘strikes and feel that some of them| A truly “American First” program | j Socialists and Communists who are almost without a cause, but I requires ‘clear vision to recognize |i

sought to end religion. And now | feel that it is a foreign element that |. heer while it is still far off and!

we are truly independent and can revel in the joy that feeling brings. :

MORRIS SHEPPARD Busi ness

ENATOR MORRIS SHEPPARD differed from many of the others who led in the crusade for prohibition. He honestly believed in it. He was always tolerant in his attitude toward those who didn’t believe in it. And when public opinion started thundering against his cause, he didn’t run to political cover. His was no one-track mind. This Texan was interested in many other public issues. It would take columns of space to recount the achievements of his 38 years in Congress. One we especially like to recall was his investigation of politics in WPA a few years ago. Democratic chieftains thought that “good old Morris” would be a party regular and whitewash their sins. But he boldly exposed corruption in Kentucky and other states, with such dramatic effect that the Hatch Act soon became law, The military cris’s starting over a year ago made heavy demand on his time and energies. He was chairman of the Senate Committee on Military Affairs, and understood as do few others in Congress the nation’s defense problems and the needs of the Army. Overwork, his doctor says, hastened his death. “He has gone to his account with every obligation to duty fulfilled,” says President Roosevelt. No statesman could hope for a finer epitaph.

THE SINGLE TEST

RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has said that he is seeking to create national defense on a national basis—that defense should not be considered on a basis of dollars-and-cents benefits to any state or section in ratio to its area or population. Exactly right! Decentralization of defense industries should be promoted wherever it contributes to the speed and effectiveness of the whole program. It should be resisted wherever it detracts from the speed and effectiveness of the whole program. The single test should be whether a plant or project in any particular place best serves the nation—not whether it brings special benefits to any section, any state or any city.

PROGRESS HE Army’s new 25-ton M3 tank is to be upholstered all over its interior with 110 pounds of air-cell sponge rubber to protect its seven-man crew from the shocks of operation over rough terrain. The Salvation Army, again training its workers to make and serve doughnuts and coffee to soldiers and sailors, announces development of a new-model doughnut with a star-shaped hole,

By John T. Flynn

Lack of Skilled Tool Workers Still Biggest Handicap to Arms Effort.

EW YORK. April 10.—When the President made Nik first public statement about 50,000 airplanes for the American forces, I made some inquiries in the aviation industry to find out if that were possible. I learned that it was not possible until many adjustments were made. And I discovered that the chief difficulty lay in the machine tool industry. At that time—10 months ago— the machine tool industry had made a survey and discovered that with the orders then on hand it would require 750,000 more machine tool engineers, die makers, machine tcol mechanics than vere available, Furthermore, I was told that when the orders then in prospect, were on hand the need would be for 1,250,000 men. You cannot make modern mechanical products in quantity until you have the special machine tools. And machine tool production is largely a problem of manpower—skilled manpower at that. And that manpower has to be created patiently and slowly. Now those orders which the arms makers talked about getting a vear ago have been placed, and a lot more have been either placed or planned. And how the Society of Tool Engineers has made another survey. It reports that the shortage of skilled tool engineers and tool makers is more than trebled—is, In fact, 4,000,000. It will be well to remember this when we discover that some of these orders we are placing for planes and arms are not being filled. Of course some will blame the manufacturers, and others will blame the workers, and still others will blame the Government bureaus.

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UT the simple truth is that the gigantic job of providing skilled men to create the tools with which these orders can be filled is one quite beyond the powers of workers, employers or the Government for the mement. It will take time, and that is all there is to it. The process starts with a man—a skilled man—a man who works wtih his mind and his hands and not with machines. And in this tool industry the shortage is of men—not men as such, but men skilled in designing tools and in building them. It takes at least eight years to make a tool engineer. It takes about two years to make a skilled mechanic. This is the delay at the beginning of the mass production process. We have literally to produce skilled men in the mass.

So They Say—

NEWSPAPERS are not the creators of democracy: they are the creatures of democracy.—Manchester Boddy, Los Angeles publisher,

* * * WORK for those who can work and security for

those who can’t, solves the problem of hoth defense and social security while this emergency lasts.—Gov-

ernor Leverett Saltonstall, Massachusetts.

comes the Nazis, their invading | has worked their way into organhordes seeking to impose their be- |ized labor. |the courage to move forward and | liefs on the smaller and weaker| Now we have a committee, as I overcome it before its chaos becomes | countries. The beastly lust and understand, for the purpose of in-|total. Such foresight demands a | tyranny of Hitler and his aids are |Vvestigating such cases. Why doesn't dynamic and fearless unequalled in modern times. But|it do something? I understand the making our nation the world’s (history tells us that though he may committee is uncovering a lot of strongest bulwark of liberty and be a super man, Napoleon and Bis- (stuff. Why doesn't it act? Hasn't freedom, and by adequate aid and imarck with their military and po-|it got any power? If not, why pay influence bolster the unfortunate litical skill, Frederick and Henry out the money for nothing? with their barbaric ruthlessness| To my way of thinking it would pression. Thus would America befailed in the end. That even though be a blessing to organized labor if come the world’s first “line of deenlarged to surpass Great Britain | this foreign element was weeded fense against total and prolonged the Reich too will surely fail and|out, but when they go to weeding, chaos.” we will some day be reading of the|just look the operators over once. I| Our pre-eminent position as a naa a Hitlers Reich and Stalin's feel that they have some of them tion carries with it a great responsioviet and all other heathenisms, also. bility in the affairs of the world. for how can a few years overcome| Speaking of the Government tak- We cannot adopt a program of the work of 1900 years of ing over some of those places, that short-sightedness, which urges Christianity ? lis just what those foreigners want. America to save herself by foreYet they have—or so it seems— If the Government will take over swearing the courage which made made a start both here and in Eu- the factories and mines and raft her great, to stultify her soul and rope and we have prominent people the men to work them, then just 8 deaden her consc.ence by wilfully who would tell us we have nothing |few more changes and ‘we won't jonoring the mute pleadings of peoto fear. Many of our present strikes need to worry about fighting Hitler. ples bound and gagged by murderand outbreaks of trouble can be|We will have his form of govern- | mad AgEressors : . traced to Hitler or Stalin. For it's ment here in the United States. | The United ‘States has adopted

. : the program of aiding Britain and Side Glances=By Galbraith

her allies to crush Hitlerism. Let us not be deterred by those who would frustrate that national unity of thought and purpose just as the strikes are hampering our whole defense program. The wholehearted support of the Red Cross, whose noble services know no national or racial boundaries, is a significant expression of our humanitarianism. How could we consistently at the same time adopt thé narrow, incompatible program of the so-called “America First” committee? Be not confused by the confused isolationists who would mislead public thinking as they did after the first World War when the world was robbed of the enduring benefits of that victory intended to make it safe for democracy. The more effective our aid, the sooner peace will be restored. Let's get it over!

TODAY

By RUTH KISSEL Make today your password, Or the keynote of your song; Remember that it is the day That tomorrow brought along.

Is a little task confronting That you do not like to do? Does the front lawn need mowing, Does a broken hinge need you?

Have you said, “Tomorrow, I will have more time to stay.” Let this be your motto: Stop and do the task today.

DAILY THOUGHT

The Lord shall reward the doer of evil according to his wickedness.—II Samuel 3:38.

AN EVIL LIFE is a kind of

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GOPR. 1541 BY NEA SERVICE INC. TM. REG. 1).

"Why is it that when you're young and slim enough for a gown like that you can't afford it, and by the time you can

leadership, |

nations to resist inhuman Nazi op- |

It seems to me a great deal cf false pride is being fostered among us. Skilled workers are scarce, not because we couldn't have produced them in multitudes but partly be= cause there has developed a philosophy which considers work done with one’s hands to be degrading. As a consequence, we have in our midst millions of disgruntled and dissatisfied men and women. If every poor man doesn’t have the things the rich man possesses he considers himself “underprivileged.” He may be neither willing nor able to assume the responsibilities of the rich man, but he often insists upon having all the appurtenances of wealth, no matter how cheap and shoddy they are. : So. while we yell about freedom for the individual, we insult our own intelligence by the sort of competi= tion which is more becoming to pigs than to humans —nosing, shoving, rooting our way through life, trying to prove we're just as good as anybody, and often piling up debts which ride our spirits like hags, he= cause we've got to “Keep up with the Joneses.” A This, I have heard, is the American way—and 7. don't beiieve it. I think/it has always been the way of short-sighted fools, and the United States was not built by those who held to such a philosophy. When this nation was in the making citizens, both public and private, believed in paying their debts. When they couldn't pay they did without. bd There is something sneakingly evil in much of the new economy, because it is basically dishonest. Ang dishonesty encouraged in high places is bound to trickle down and permeate every segment of national life. Freedom is a much abused word. People chif deep in debt can never know its meaning nor speak with any authority about human dignity, %

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Questions and Answers

(The Indianapolis Times Service Bureau will answer any question of fact or Information, not involving extensive ree search. Write your questions clearly, sign name and address, inclose a three-cent postage stamp. Medical or legal advices” cannot be given. Address The Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 Thirteenth St., Washington, D. C.). 5 Q—Who founded ‘the Military Order of the Pure ple Heart? A—George Washington founded it at Newburgh, N. Y., Aug. 7, 1782, as a reward for ‘singularly meritorious action.” It was revived by President Hoover, Feb. 22, 1932, on the occasion of the Wash= ington bicentennial celebration. Q—How old is Charles Laughton? A—He is 41. ‘ : Q—What is the effective range for killing dee¥ with a rifle equipped with a telescopic sight? A—Under favorable weather and other conditions, an expert marksman with a telescopic sight can kill & deer at about 800 yards. = Q—What is the derivation of the term “gone west,? as applied to death? 3 A—It is believed to have come from the ancien

Greeks, who thought of the distant west as the place of rest and bliss. Sophocles wrote: “Life on lif down-stricken goes, swifter than the wild bird’s flight, to the land of the western god.” 3 @—How much rent does the United States pay t@& Panama for the Panama Canal Zone? ¥ A—The original annual rental of $250,000 in gold was changed, in consequence of the dollar devaluas tion, to 430,000 Panama balboas. A balboa is equiva®

afford i, you're no longer slim?" death—Ovid,

lent to a U. 8. silver dollar,