Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 January 1941 — Page 2
Sa SHA > PEC Jp IN a — a
WPA AIDS TESTIFY IN DIVERSION TRIAL
(Continued from Page One)
that all work was to be doné on.
*county-owned property.” During the opening session yes-
missed ‘a motion to quash the indictments against Mr. Kortepeter and Mr. i The motion was made the grounds that qualified women were barred from the jury. | Claims Work Not Needed B. Howard Caughran, District Attorhey, in his opening argument told the jury that heavy rains in the spring of 1938 washed many farm-to-market roads out and the Marion County ‘Commissioners asked the Government for a project to build a belt of hard surface farm-to-market roads and for another ‘project to repair bridges and culverts. |
“He said that the “evidence willl}
show that the resulting project was not in the public interest and was mot al part of the farm-to-market proposal advanced as a justificaton for the projecis.” The District Attorney asserted hei the evidence would show that in [violation of the project applications and instructions filed by ML rtepeter, he told his subordi~ nates to go to a certain tract of land and construct two roads and several bridges there. The “certain tract of land” according to the Government is the ‘Silver Hills addition owned by Mr
Eickhoff and his family. : | | Attacks Expenditure
“Not one lick of work on this project,” Mr. Caughran said, “was in the public interest and not one dime should have been spent.” r. Caughran asserted that Mr. Jefferson was employed by Mr. Eickhoff as an engineer and that they both planned the Silver Hills development. One count in the indictment charges all three defendants with conspiracy to defraud the Government. Harvey B. Hartsock, attorney for Mr. Eickhoff, told the jury in his opening argument that he was . present, as they were, to see that
B. Howard Caughran, U. 8. dis. trict attorney . . . carries his “am. munition” to Federal Court a: WPA trials start.
here,” he said, “to see that an innocent man is not convicted.” | Mr. Hartsock said that WPA was seeking projects to keep men on the rolls busy and that they hed approached Mr. Eickhoff with: the Silver Hills proposal. Denies Collusion
Homer Elliott, attorney for Mr. Jefferson, made no opening state-
ment. According to Paul Y. Davis, Mr. Kortepetei's attorney, “there is not a shadow of evidence” to support any charge of collusion among! the defendants. He told the jury that Mr. Kortepeter was only doing his duty and that the improvements made by the WPA and which are now in question were not in violation of WIA regulations. He said that Mr. Kortepeler’s connection with the project was this: “It was his duty to supply continuous work for all-on WPA rolls. It was suggested to him that the improvement of these two roads—-Minnesota St. and Ritter Ave.—would be desirable as a
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DAYLIGHT RAID
Vichy Waits Hitler Reply
Which May Demand Air Base in Tunisia. (Continued from Page One)
tack on the nearby British hase of Malta. ° Vichy sources continued fo insist that under the Franco-Cerman armistice no question could arise of turning over the French fleet to Germany. Their latist statement, did not mention the African Colonial Empire. || Possibly in prepargtion for Hitler’'s communication, Petain accepted the resignation of twp Cabinet Ministers who nave incurred the wrath of the INazi-cortrolled French press in Pari and assumed full dictatorial powers over his remaining Cabinet colléagues,
Italy’s Plight Desperafis The question of German aid to
# | Italy was becoming more [ressing gE [ daily,
Today's reports from the African battle front told of British operations west and| southwest of Derna, making it apparent that the British were driving hard for Berighazi, Capital of Libye, after surrounding Derna. In East Africa British columns had driven 100 miles into [Eritrea to threaten Agordat|and Earentu. The Royal Air Force bombers attacked remaining Italian bases and airfields in Libya and Fascigt positions in the line of the British columns striking deepér into Eritrea. The Middle East command reported that prisoners taken in Eritrea had mounted to 1200. A delayed dispatch from Jan Yindrich, United Press Staff | correspondent accompanying the | British - into Britrea, revealed thal the [talians had stopped to fight only three tirhes in the course of their| retreat from the Anglo-Egjyptian Sudan border. [ He said the British were advancing on an average of [11 miles a day. [1 The reaction in Italy tb these continued setbacks was news that more members of Beriito Mussolini’s Cabinet have left for the front. Greeks Launch (Offensive The latest recruits| to the armed forces were the Ministers of National Education and Public Works, Giusepppe Bottai {nd [Giuseppe Gorla, They joinefl four other Cabinet Ministers, in¢luding Foreign Minister Count ' Gegleazzo, Ciano, son-in-law of Benito Mussclini.
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London had nb confirmation of a report broadcast Ly the Ankara radio station that Mbrshal| Rodolfo Graziani, Italian cbmmander in chief of Africa, had been dismissed. They suggested that if Graziani were dismissed Gen, Mario Berti, who fought in the Spanish civil war and was in Libya lest September might succeed ‘him. Other developments incliided: The Greeks reported they had beaten off intensive [efforts by the Italians to counter-uttack on the Central Front in Albania | and had now launched their ewn | bffensive north of Chimara toward Valona.
Fight On in Indo-China In the Far East fighting between Thailand and French Indo-China did not cease at the agreec hour of 10 a. m. Each side blamed the other. Preparations at Saigon were complete for the Jiapan-sponsored conferences. starting tomorrow to seek a way of endirig the| conflict. The French were glcomy (and foresaw increasing Japanese domination of southern Indg-Chira. At Vichy United States .Ambassador William D. Leahy issued a statement emphasizing his confidence in a, British victory. The Rome communique | reported that the Royal Air Fcdrce had again attacked Cegtania. Sicily, where German dive-bombers are hased and Naples, the great city of Southern Italy.| Dalnage was
| slight, it was conteniled.
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The, weekly shipping [losses reAdmiralty jumped to 58,212 toils, slightly under the weekly average since start of the war but coniiderably above the average for the last| month or
SO. [4 The Admiralty belatedly told of an attack by naval torpedo planes on Italian warships more (than two months ago. It kaid {wo submarines, a destroyer and a depot ship were sunk ir an| {unnamed roadstead.
PARENTS ENLISTED. IN SAFETY GAMPAIGN
Parents of 250 children who will {enter Washington, High School Thursday will receive lefters warn-
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above picking each other’s pockets on the side. The German-Russian relationship is typical of this. The Soviets’ primary concern 15 to maintain their present position as a world power and as agents of world counter-revolution, Merely to defend this position, to say nothing of strengthening it, the Soviets have had to avoid a conflict with an enemy or enemies of superior strength. They have had to prevent the formation of an anti-Bol-shevik coalition, and they have had to keep out of too-serious trouble with Germany alone. - And beyond maintaining their present position, the Soviets also want, if possible, to strengthen it. They want to add to the territory of the Soviet Union itself, and they want to spread Bolshevism as widely as possible throughout the world. Russian policy in the present conflict is governed by these two main principles. The Soviets not only succeeded in preventing the formation of an antiBolshevik coalition; they also helped bring about a war among most of the powers which might have formed such a coalition. .
Stalin Encouraged Both
Josef V. Stalin, the Soviet dictator, encouraged both the Reich and the Allies to think that he would join them, he thus encouraged each side to go further and further toward a war with the other, and at the last minute, when it was too late to turn back, he made a half-hearted deal with Germany, chiefly because he thought Germany was the weaker side and because he wanted the war to last as long as possible. Stalin misjudged the relative strength of the two sides just as badly as a good many other people did, and the mistake may cost him dearly if Germany wins the war soon enough and emerges from it with its strength relatively unimpaired or even increased. The fall of France has already obliged him to be more friendly toward Germany than he would like to be, because now there is no other army whatever in Europe to act as a counterpoise to the Nazi Reichswehr, Yet by this same token, Stalin is more anxious than ever that the war drag on and on and that Germany, or whoever else wins it, and whoever else loses it, are prostrate alike, and alike susceptible to the virus of world Bolshevism. Accordingly, he balks the Reich wherever and whenever he can without risk of war.
Hitler to Avoid Russia
Adolf Hitler, on the other hand, will pay a high price to avoid having to fight a war on two fronts. He has already paid a high price, and he will probably have to pay an ever higher one before the war is over. The German armed forces could probably defeat the Russians at least as easily as they did the French. But it would be much harder to force the Soviets to capitulate, because the Russians have so much greater areas ‘into which they could withdraw. Besides, Hitler does not want to fight Rusisa now. He does not want to have to expend the time and energy and blood and treasure required for such a venture. He wants to win the war in the west without exhausting his strength. If he can do that, he will need have no concern about Russia. What his Russian policy would be, under such circumstances, is anybody’s guess. But it is at least clear that he would have freedom of choice.
Another Key Factor
Thus it is that Germany, which undoubtedly could beat Russia, is prepared to make concessions to the Soviets for the time being, and thus it is that the Soviets do as little to help the Reich, and as much to harm it, as they can without provoking Hitler too far, and at the same time try to consolidate their own position to be ready for the end of the war, no matter who wins it. Russia will avoid an open break with Germany unless and until the Russians think the Reich is so weak that it is relatively harmless. Germany will avoid an open break with Russia unless and until the Nazis think that they have to strike as a preventive military measure or that thy can get more valuable supplies out of Rusisa by doing the job themselves than they can by letting the Russians do it for them. And the Nazis will hesitate before invading Russia for the sake of increasing their raw material supplies, first, because an invasion would cost large quantities of raw materials, as well as other things; second, because it would be a long and costly process for the Germans to exploit raw material sources in a hostile country; and third, because hostilities with Russia would cut off the traffic across the Soviet Union by which Germany is now receiving valuable supplies in addition to those provided by the Soviets themselves. There is still another key factor in Nazi-Bolshevik relations; an undefeated, noncommittal Russia is one of Hitler's most valuable assets. Hitler based both his domestic and his foreign policies for 20 years largely on the claim that he would save the world from Bolshevism. He then proceeded to make a deal with world Bolshevism. Vet such is the confusion among a good many people in the outside world, that they still think that there is some significant difference between red Bolshevism and brown Bolshevism, that red Bolshevism is worse, and that therefore brown Bolshevism must not be too crushingly defeated because that would open central Europe to red Bolshevism.
Germans Paid Price German-Russian relations fuctuate between these terms of reference and suspicion. The signing of a new trade treaty amid fresh protestations of esteem at the same time that both powers are concentrating troops on their long frontiers is characteristic. In the original Nazi-Soviet deal of August, 1939, Hitler simply paid Stalin the price Stalin had asked from the British and French and which the British and French had seen unwilling to pay; a free hand ‘or the Soviets in Finland and the Baltic; eastern Poland; and an agreement in principle that Russian nterests in the Balkans would be ;espected. The deal worked out as plann
How Hitler Stands Now— Axis fo Stick Together as Long as Booty Holds Out
(Continued from Page One) Morgenthau Says, However,
There were, however, difficulties in Finland and the Balkans. Th Finns themselves made the difficulties in Finland. The Germans and Russians were unable to agree when it came to working out in detail the agreement they had made in principle for the Balkans.
Nazis Score a Point
When the Finns held up the Soviets, Stalin decided to call a temporary halt and put off the final conquest of the country to another time. The Nazis, however, saw a chance to score a point at Stalin’s expense, they had granted him a free hand in Finland, but now they reasserted themselves. They made an agreement with.the Finns allowing the Reich to send troops . and material through Finland, to and from Norway and under the cover of this agreement, some of the troops and material just:stayed in Finland. Do the Germans intend to stay indefinitely in Finland, or to keep the Russians out by other means? Or will they simply use their position there as a bargaining point— will they give it up again if the Russians pay for it by concessions elsewhere? Time alone probably can answer these questions. The German-Russian agrement regarding the Balkans has been complicated by similar double-deal-ing: The Reich was notified in advance and agreed in advance, to the Russian seizure of Bessarabia. It knew nothing, however, until it had happened, about the Russian seizure of northern Bukovina. The Nazis were accordingly annoyed. They countered by occupying all the rest of Rumania.
Two Spheres Clash
Bulgaria and Turkey are still bones of contention between the Nazis and the Soviets. The Nazis plan to incorporate Bulgaria in the Reich’s “New Order” in Europe, and the Bolsheviks want to give Bulgaria a “guarantee’ of its independence and integrity, and it has proven impossible to.date to reconcile these aims. ! As for Turkey, the Russians want a naval and air base on the Dardanelles and the Gerfans do not want the Russians to have it, and here, too, agreement has not ‘yet been reached. The Nazis argue that the Balkans and the Near East should constitute a German sphere of influence and that the Bolsheviks should confine themselves to the middle east— notably Persia, Afghanistan and Baluchistan--and make an agreement with the Japanese carving up China and the western powers’ possessions in the Pacific area among themselves.
Japan Put on Spot
The Reich’s relations with Japan are almost as equivocal as its relations with Russia. The Nazis began by enlisting Japan in a crusade against Russia, only to’ make an agreement with Rusisa a few months later. The Japanese were taken aback, but they also had no place else. to turn, no other friends. They had to stand alone or strike a new bargain with the Germans, so they struck a new bargain with the Germans. It was charactertistic of the original German-Italian-Japanese deal, glorified under the superbly cynical title of an “anti-Comintern pact,” that the Nazis went right ahead helping the Chinese against the Japanese by maintaining a numerous and highly expert military commission of advisers in China and by selling the Chinese war materials. The Japanese finally succeeded in inducing the Germans to withdraw the military mission—which the Germans were not loath to do, anyway, because by that time they had more important work for the members of the commission to do somewhere else. Yet the Reich is still selling war materials to China.
No Explanation Needed
The community of interests in plunder continues to unite the Germans and Japanese in spite of their minor disagreements, however. United, they may make it impossible for the Western powers and the United States to maintain their positions both in Europe and the Far East, or, conceivably, in either. Divided, the Germans and Japanese might both fall. And so the Nazis, who sold themselves to Germany and the world as the champions of “Aryan” white supremacy and the saviors of a world threatened by Communism, wage their war and counter-revo-lution with the aid of the Japanese and the Communists. And if the Nazis win the war, they will not be unduly hurt if anybody asks for an explanation between their promises and their performance. If they win, nobody will even be able to ask for an explanation.
NEXT: Italy’s reverses don’t displease Nazis.
CLAIMS ROTHSCHILD PROPERTY SEIZED
BERLIN, Jan. 28 (U. P).—The official news agency DNB reported from Paris yesterday that French Chief of State Marshall Henri Philippe Petain had ordered the property of the Rothschild banking family confiscated. The various properties will be turned over to national relief work
central suthority of the relief work organization has taken up headquarters in the Rothschild Bank building in Paris while the Chateau Perriers, in Seine et Marne De=partment, has been placed at the disposal of the Youth Relief Organization. The o tion will open a school for gardeners there.
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and youth relief organizations. The|
and | the Chief of Naval Operations. 8 Committee,
’
assent of the Army Chief of Staff|said, may report the bill Thursday,
with leaders ‘looking toward the
House Foreign Relations|start of debate next Monday or Chairman Sol Bloom|Tuesday. :
"MORE PLANES
London Can’t Pay for New Production.
(Continued from Page ‘One)
to meet present obligation of $1,400,000,000 that represent materials ordered in this country. He added that the British are selling gold as rapidly as it is produced, remarking “we have just landed a considerable amount of South - African gold from a U. S. warship.” He referred to the cruiser Louisville which arrived last week. “I don’t believe they are holding out on us,” he said. Mr. Vandenberg then directed his attention to the estimated $4,000,000,000 worth of British holdings in Latin American countries, He asked whether these properties might be used as “practical collate for further loans” from the nited States. Mr. Morgenthau said .that they could be so used, if Congress deemed it wise, but he questioned how great the value would be. “In reply to a question from Senate Democratic Leader Alben W. Barkley, Mr. Morgenthau said that the $4,000,000,000 valuation was the “face value,” and that the true value probably would be less. Mr. Morgenthau appeared before the Committee following indications that four amendments to the measure—including a ban on the use of U. 8. Naval vessels in convoys— may be adopted before it is finally approved by Congress. The suggested changes were discussed at a bi-partisan White House conference last night. “These three proposals, in addition to the suggested ban on U. S. convoys, appeared to have the most general support. 1. A time limit on the grant of power to President Roosevelt, so that his authority to manufacture arms for foreign countries would expire on June 30, 1943. 2. A requirement that the President report to Congress every 90 days on all lending or leasing transactions entered into under the ‘bill. 3. A provision that no .articles manufactured or procured by the Army and Navy shall be released to foreign nations without specific
SIZES 38 to 52
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