Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 December 1940 — Page 2

FRENCH A

- Limited by Armistice, 100,-

000 Soldiers Cast Off Defeatism.

(The following dispatch is by a former member of the United Press staff in France who has’ just returned from Vichy.)

By STEVEN FULTON United Press ‘Staff Correspondent NEW YORK, Dec. 31.—The slackness which contributed to the fall .0of France is lacking in the new French army. The soldiers of this new army, Hmited to 100,000 by the armistice with Germany, have a look in their eye, a tilt to their chins, a lift of the shoulders which seems to say: “Our chance will come.” It is, indeed, a new army, albeit its soldiers served in the old. Gen. Charles Huntziger organized it months ago under the terms of an armistice limiting French arms in “numerically the same way German arms were limited in 1918. Discipline, snap, pride-lacking in -the armies which fled before the “German advance—stand out all over "the soldiers of defeated France. These soldiers do not accept France's defeat as final.

Snap to Attention

When their officers: pass, these “soldiers jump to attention and pre“sent arms as pridefully as if they had just conquered the world. The same thing is true of French

‘ sailors. France, unlike the Germany |.

“of 1918, still has a Navy. Its of- * ficers and men seem to have learned something from defeat. They have «& grip on themselves. They still “think in terms of fighting and win- - ning. - When Gen. Huntziger took over «the War Office from Gen. Maxime ~Weygand and the assembled troops presented arms to their new leader, a visitor ignorant of the: immediate past might have thought he was witnessing a review of victorlous troops. : ~ Arrayed in:a semi-circle around the chief were 100 sidecars mount.ed with smal anti-aircraft guns ‘bearing so high a polish that the autumn sunshine was reflected - blindingly from. their barrels.

Stern and Determined

The men, white-gloved, their uniforms spotless, faced their new com-. mander with visages stern and de“termined. The traditional droop‘iness of the French soldier was gone. Similarly the National Gendarmerie, that group of men which backstops the police in city and village, has become infected by the new spirit apparent in the other armed forces. French gendarmes used to slink; +now they march, like soldiers. Resplacing the old sloppy garb are new * .blue-and-black uniforms for which .the word definitely is “snappy.” The Germans turned France's military training schools into civdlian schools. Training of officers «js forbidden. The Ecole Polytechni--que, which used to train Army engineers, now trains civilian engineers. The Ecole Centrale was similarly reorganized and St. Cyr, the French West Point, is closed.

There’s ‘a Score to Settle

The Ecole Navale, counterpart of Annapolis, which once trained the French Navy's officers, now equips civilians for the merchant marine. But the boys who go to these schools are not civilians at heart. ‘France still has a score to settle. “They hope to have a part in settling

ART LEADER TO AID ARMY CAMOUFLAGE

® WASHINGTON, Dec. 31 (U. P.). ‘==The Army yesterday called on ‘Homer Saint-Gaudens, noted American artist, to lend his skill in the art of “fooling the enemy.” Mr. Saint-Gaudens, a Lieutenant Colonel in the Engineers Corps Reserve, was ordered into active duty here Jan. 4. He will advise on methods of camouflage. - The son of the famous artist, Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Lieut. Col. Saint-Gaudens has been director of ‘fine arts at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh since 1922. He was a capdain in the World War and directed camouflage work on the western front for the 2d Division. He wears the Purule Heart decoration and medals of several foreign nations.

‘DEAD’ OHIOAN ASKS ABOUT DRAFT RANK

PAINESVILLE, O., Dec. 31 (U. P.).—Ralph W. Clark, a transient, came late to inquire about his num-

ber in the draft, but Lake County |

Sheriff James Moloney didn’t expect him at all. Clark found that he had. been listed in the sheriff's records as dead for more than a month. A body found in a burning barn at Mentor, O. was “identified” as Clark’s by a left shoe, a necktie and @& pair of glasses.

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A HAPPY 1941 ~TONNSEND

And He’s Mighty Proud of State’s Prosperity During This Year.

Governor Townsend said today that he hoped everybody would have a prosperous and happy New Year. In a prepared statement he said that the year 1940 had brought new heights of achievement to Indiana along the social, economic, business and industrial fronts and that business, aside from the tremendous defense program, has reached a new peak. He pointed out that during the year just ending, a new record of income for Indiana’s citizens was set up, as shown by returns from the State Gross Income Tax. He said that 1940 also marked a new high in employment and a new low in relief rolls and that during the past year some 50,000 men and women had been taken off the WPA rolls to take: private jobs.

Cites New Co-operation “Government has kept apace during this year 1940 and it is my belief that a new conception of co-operation and responsibility as between business, industry, labor and Government, has been engendered in our state,” he said. “Largely because of this fact, 1940 has been generally free from any serious labor disputes and we have enjoyed uninterrupted employment and labor peace.” The Governor added that the Government had kept well within its income and he said that the new year will find the State Government budget balanced and a healthy surplus in the State General Fund. Get New Plants He said that Indiana had been particularly fortunate in obtaining both plants and contracts from the Federal Government in the national defense program and that these huge expenditures will mean much to the well-being of the state’s citizens during the coming years. : “With the economic outlook bright and with our citizens.enjoying general prosperity, we may look forward in Indiana to a continued upsurge in every field of endeavor. “On behalf of all State officials and myself, I wish to thank the public generally for the splendid spirit of co-operation they have shown toward our State Government, and to wish to all a prosperous and happy New Year,” he said.

Draw Arms in

Arms Debate

MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay, Dec. 31 (U., P.).—The Chamber of Deputies passed another resolution favoring the United States plan for inter-American defense bases last night after one member had tried to shoot another during the debate and two others had fought with their fists. The trouble was attributed to the arrival of an anti-United States delegation from. Argentina bringing encouragement to the Herrerista Nationalist Minority Party, which opposes the United States plan. The Argentine group included Gen, Juan Bautista Molina, retired, Dr. Manuel Galvez, Col. Mascarello and several leaders of the Argentine Nationalist Youth Association. They presented: a document to Luis Alberto de Herrera, leader of the Herreristas, sympathizing with his stand against the inter-American bases.

SHOE SHINING TAUGHT CLEVELAND, O., Dec. 31 (U. PJ). —Members of the Brush and Buffers Club of the Cleveland Y. M. C. A. go through a “study course” in the art of shining shoes, and then set out to earn their ¥. M. C. A. membership fees, summer camp expenses Or candy and motion picture money.

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London Embassy Officials Say Opposition Rises To ‘New Order.

LONDON, Dec. 31 (U. P.).—Information has reached a well informed Foreign Emibassy here tending to confirm reports that Germany is meeting increasing difficulties in establishing its “new order” in Rumania as well as France, it was learned today. Not merely a few French warships but the bulk of the French Navy has been transferred from. French ports to North Africa to escape possible seizure by Germany and Italy, according to this information. > Also, according to the embassy news,” Marshal Philippe Petain, Chief of the French State, made the move after Otto Abetz, chief German diplomatic envoy to France, had conveyed te him a demand by Adolf Hitler that the fleet be surrendered to Italy. U. S. Encouragement Seen In diplomatic quarters it was suggested that Hitier had intended to shift in Italy’s favor the balance of naval power in the Mediterranean. Hitler had also, it was suggested, hoped apparently to offset Italy's reverses in Albania and Libya. According to the same information, Petain has confided to his friends that if Germany persists in demands in excess of its armistice terms he is prepared to transfer France's present status to one of resistance to Germany and Italy. Petain’s firmer attitude, it is believed here, is due in large part to American encouragement. Report Curb on Iron Guard Diplomatic information from Rumania, also available at a reliable non-British diplomatic source, describes Germany's reported difficilities there. . It is said that Baron Manfred von Killinger, Germany’s new Minister to Rumania, is ohe of the right-hand men of Heinrich Himmler, chief of the dreaded Nazi secret police. Killinger is réported to have instructions to terminate the disorganization of Rumanian economic and political life by the Iron Guard. This disorganization, it is reported, is hampering both German supplies and German strategic plans. Another diplomatic dispatch from

Bucharest asserts that German-|

Russian collaboration is diminishing. According to this dispatch all through the recent Danube conference the Russian delegates opposed German proposals. :

'41 PLANE OUTPUT IS SET AT 16,000

WASHINGTON, Dec. 31 (U. P.). —Aviation experts estimated today that between 16,000 and 17,000 military aircraft—more than double the output of 1940—would be built in the United States in 1941. They also estimated that between 35,000 and 38,000 airplane engines would come off assembly lines in the next 12 months. That is the best that can be done in 1941, the experts said, unless some short-cut plan is found feasible to bring other industrial facilities, such as automobile plants, into quick production. The Army has announced plans to build aircraft assembly plants at Tulsa, Okla., Kansas City, Kas., and Omaha, Neb. where parts fabricated by motorcar manufacturers would be assembled by airplane manufacturers. But, the experts said, it was doubtful that those plants would be ready for operation before the end of 1941. The 1941 estimates were based on the amount of floor space available in existing plane and motor factories and the amount under construction and which will be ready for production next year. They made allowances for delays that might be caused by temporary shortages in materials and in design changes.

LET ENGLAND PAY FOR AID, SPRINGER SAYS

Times Special WASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—Let England pay for war supplies from the United States, is the plea made in the Congressional Record today by Rep. Raymond S. Springer (R. Ind.). Citing the British default on loans in the last ‘war, Rep. Springer said: “If England wants war supplies, and war equipment, let her pay for them. : “If she does not have the cash, let her sell us some of her possessions which are located in the Western Hemisphere, which are worthless to Her but which do have military value to our country. “But the plan to give our billions of dollars in value of our own war munitions and supplies to England should never be countenanced by our people in ow own depressed financial state.”

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‘LOAN OR LEASE’ OF WARSHIPS AS

U.S. Can’t Very Well Balk at Such Action Now, Envoys Believe.

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS ‘Times Foreign Editor

WASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—Before the new year is far advanced, some of the shrewdest observers here believe, American freighters will be put into the North Atlantic service and American warships will convoy them.

It is the private conviction of several envoys that this Government has now put itself too categorically on record to balk at the “lending or leasing” of a few more warships to Britain if her existence is endangered for the lack of them. New York’s Al Smith is being quoted here in that connection. “When you have promised to help a fellow,” he said, “it's pretty hard to stop when he is going down. for the last time.” If the President thinks that Britain’s war is our war; and if he believes. that our war materials are more useful in the hands of the British than in storage over here, Britain will get the warships.

Suppose Freighters are Sunk

Such is the reasoning here. 'The fact that the President stopped short of naming fighting craft in his list of things Britain must have is regarded as unimportant. “They ask us for implements of war,” he said, “the planes, the tanks, the guns, the freighters which will enable them to fight for their liberty and for our security. Emphatically we must get these weapons to

But, it is asked, suppose the Nazis mass their U-boats, raiders and bombers west of the British Isles and sink the England-bound freighters laden with “the planes, ‘the tanks, the guns” and the other equipment needed by the British to “enable them to fight for their liberty and for our security”? Would the United States shy away from “lending or leasing” to them a few more implements of war—namely, warships? Few here seem to think it would. Atlantic Peril Stressed

It was Lord Lothian’s belief, expressed three days before his death, that the crux of the war would come at sea; that however much Britain might need planes, tanks, guns and freighters, she needed safety in the Atlantic even more. The United States might turn out thousands of planes monthly, and other equipment in proportion, but if the Nazis sank them before they reached England they wouldn't do much good. The British are greatly worried about the North Atlantic peril. Lord Halifax, due here shortly as Lord Lothian’s successor, is ex‘pected to lay Britain's cards face

up. Phe will most certainly emphasize that part of the British Navy has been sunk or crippled; that another, and rather large, part is engaged in the Mediterranean; that the bulk of the fleet does not dare leave British waters as long as the danger of invasion remains acute; that the 11,000-mile route from London to Alexandria, Egypt, via the Cape of Good Hope, has to be patrolled; that the 6000-mile route from Liverpool to Buenos Aires must be protected from Nazi raiders, and that Far Eastern and Australasian waters have to be policed—all this in addition to convoying supply ships across the North Atlantic. It is too big a job to do well.

Where Will Line Be Drawn?

Congress meets Friday. Several bills will quickly be introduced for the repeal or modification of the Neutrality Act, in order to permit American ships to carry cargoes into the war zone. Also of the Johnson * Act outlawing loans or credits to nations din default on their war debts. Bills also will be introduced to authorize the leasing or lending of weapons to Britain. If such a measure goes through, as expected, observers are wondering where Congress will draw the line. If we can lease or lend a tank, they say, we can lease or lend a minesweeper or a submarine or a destroyer or a cruiser or a battelship, there being little or no difference either in

CONVOYS LIKELY! E

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

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From Watery Grave

The British-censored caption describes this pict ure as showing a Capt. Whitehead of an unnamed British ship that was torpedoed, standing on an overturned lifeboat waving to members of the flying

boat which saved him from a watery grave. He was said to be sole survivor.

0. K. POLIGE AND

Safety Board Follows 1941 Budget; 10 Appointed As Probationers.

in the police and fire departments was approved by the Safety Board today. : Following 1941 budget provisions, the Board approved the re-assign-ment of Sergt. Charles E. Weddell to acting lieutenant of the Juvenile Aid Division, the re-assignment of four patrolmen as. detective investigators and of two other patrolmen as acting corporals in the traffic division. In the fire department, Lieut. Vernon Hutson was. promoted to captain at a $200 a year salary increase. Chauffeurs Charles Bevis

and William Koenig were. promoted to lieutenants at a $200 annual increase. All men are veterans,

5 Named Chauffeurs

In addition, five privates were promoted to chauffeurs and 10 applicants on the fire merit list were given probationary appointments to the department. The patrolmen re-assigneg as detective investigators to fill a complement of 40 investigators in. the detective department were Robert E. Reilly, Robert J. Dillehay, Edward H. Arszman and J. Richard Jacob. Patrolmen Ray Moistner and Otis Tyner were advanced to acting corporals to assist in accident prevention work in the Traffic Department. In the civilian division at Police Headquarters, William E. Hickman was raised from $1080 to $1200 a year as clerk. Three stenographerclerks, Elizabeth Anderson, Mary Lee and Elizabeth Quinn had separate salary cuts from $1200 to $1080 annually,

; Get Probationary Jobs

Privates promoted to chauffeurs in the Fire Department were Kenneth Garrett, John Steiner, Compy L. Scherrer, Fred Waggoner and Russell Iverson. Merit-list applicants receiving probationary appointments were: William J. Ball, 1324 Congress Ave.; Jack Reinhard, 1422 E, New York St.; Jesse D. Hutsell, 1014 Udell St.; Matthew J. Dillane, 1041 Hosbrook St.; David E. Hine, 722 E. Ninth St.; John McKinley, 718 N. Denny St.; George A. Seal, 230 Pleasant Run Parkway; Francis W. Pallikan, 521 N, Davidson St.; William H. Jackson, 1245 N. Tibbs Ave., and Charles, E. Shipley, 650 Eugene St.

CANNON BALL

NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y., Dec. 31 (U. P.)—~—Workmen remodeling an old house here found a cannon ball believed fired across the Niagara George in the War of 1812. Noticing a jagged hole in one of the walls, workmen investigated and found the four-pound cannon. ball

principle or in law.

vertisements. The reason, of course, is that by

will fade out entirely. That calls for lots of celebration, mild and otherwise. Riding the wave of prosperity unequaled here in 10 years, Indianapolis has plenty to celebrate. Compared fo seven or eight years ago, money is like sand and $5 cover charges are merely an item and not a financial deal. Clubs and night spots expect their biggest night of the year. Five hundred have made reservations at the Columbia Club, 600 at the Indianapplis Athletic Club, about the same at the Claypool Hotel and the Hotel Washington’s new Sapphire Room has 200 ,reservations on its books. Dinner parties and dances are scheduled for the Marott Hotel, Athenaeum, Woodstock, Highland, Hillcrest and University Clubs. Although the public oases of refreshment must turn off the spigots at 1 a. m, of the year 1941, the private ones can remain open until the last brave and hardy customer has decided enough is enough. : Police Chief Michael F, Morrisse has advised that his men are going to keep their eyes open for law violations. The National Safety Council has advised all to leave their cars in garages and use pub-

have to drive, be suspicious of every car you meet or see. Among the things promised in the new year are good business and the return of ‘that movie, “Gone With the Wind” Jan. 24. And you can ice skate at the Coliseum until

12:30 a. m. tonight,

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The Town Is Ready to Shout A Rousing ‘Hello’ to 1941

By FREMONT POWER

Many people who otherwise would go to bed at a quite normal hour will stay up tonight until | ! ! !, as they say in the theater page adAnd then the same people will sleep until ? ? ? ? Several of these people will arise feeling like X ( O ? !

the current system of keeping track at midnight

ALL THE NATION IS READY FOR WHOOPEE

By UNITED PRESS Some of the most boisterous celebrations since the booming “20's awaited the New Year’s arrival tonight in every part of the United States. Seeking relief from the tension of wars abroad and the defense program at home, Americans were expected to mill in tne streets, cavort in night clubs and at private parties by the millions, welcoming in a year of foreboding. New York’s Times Square, always a riotous scene on New Year's Eve, was expected to be overrun by more than 1,000,000 born-blowing, shrieking, shoving celebrants. Merchants were throwing up steel and wooden barricades to save their store fronts and 1489 policemen were assigned to prevent disturbances. : At Chicago, police planned to cope with 500,000 persons in the

Night clubs and bar rooms were the centers of attraction, and the cover charges in New York and-Los Angeles ranged up to $15 per person, with no drinks included at that price. In Hollywood some clubs in-

cluded breakfast in the. cover

FIRE. CHANGES

Year-end personnel reorganization |

* Mr. Mason the Reich. -

summer, Hitler and other Germans terms, concerning Germany’s purpose. The German Army and air force were to make Europe subservient to the Fuehrer’s wishes. Great Britain was warned repeatedly of impending doom. The early air blitzkrieg over the British Isles was preceded by emotional descriptions of a holocaust. Lord Haw Haw broadcast warnings to British mothers of the impending slaughter of their children.

Once Scoffed at U. S. Ald

At that time, the Germans showed every indication of believing they had won the war and there was no way of stopping their military machine. American aid to Britain was scoffed at as being too late and all Europe was regarded as prostrate before the Fuehrer’s feet. That spirit of ruthless military ambition does not show itself in the present attitude of Germany as a new calendar year of war begins. Instead, an attitude of explanation and defense is being revealed. ; Always in ‘a major war, the psychological fluctuations of the belligerents must be studied in estimating the course of the conflict. When a war shows signs of becoming a lengthy test of endurance, the mental attitude of the contestants has importance which may at times

situation. To overlook this fact is to allow the escape of basic significances. It is possible to say that the year end’s revelation of changing German mentality shows a’.decline in selfconfidence and much less display of what can only be called military arrogance.

Concerned Over F.D.R. Speech

The German psychology is given to extremes of change, shown most conspicuously during and after the last World War. When these fluctuations occur, their effect on the German military impetus and national morale must be studied as closely as the field strategy of’ the High Command.

These changes in German mentality reveal very different psychological condition from the enthusiastic Nazi conviction of demination which followed the fall of France.

overshadow the immediate military

‘War Moves Today

By J. W. T, MASON

United Press War Expert

German comment on President Roosevelt's address and Adolf Hitler's New Year greeting to his Army. have military importance as showing a decline in the former Nazi confidence of “Germany | over all.” The Germans now repudiate imperialistic {2 designs and say- they do not want world conquest, while the Fuehrer appeals to the Deity to defend

a During last issued constant threats, in terroristic

2 seems apparent that Germany no longer believes the war will be won on any day designated by the Fuehrer. Its length has become indeterminate; and so American aid to Britain cannot be dismissed as inconsequential, This .is the. most disconcerting factor of the war which the new year presents to the Axis. It explains the great importance which Germany is now paying to President Roosevelt's address and must be regarded as the principal reason for Berlin's present defensive controversial attitude.

Ship Sinkings Decline

The Fuehrer’s appeal for divine aid, where formerly he had been accustomed to refer to his own supreme ability to guide German destiny, is especially significant of the changing effect of the war's prolongation. It would appear as if he now feels Germany requires strength from a source other than his own and the German Army’s. The material facts at the end of the year show this to be true. After 16 months of war, Germany is encased in the continent of Europe and Italy is losing her hold in Africa. Great Britain is free to trade with all the rest of the world and with southeastern and southwestern Europe as well. Too, the last fortnight’s British report on sinkings at sea show a heavy decline, as though British counter-measures were succeeding. Under these conditions, Germany’s repudiation of desire for world conquest seems strictly realistic as a necessary. acceptance of facts as they are.

BRIDGE RAISED

PORTLAND, Ore., Dec.31 (U.P.). —Bridge of the Gods, span over the Columbia River 45 miles east of Portland, was reopened after engineers performed the difficult job of raising it 45 feet in 115 days. It was reassembled and mounted on piers

40 feet higher than previously.

TUESDAY, DEC. 81, 1940

ROUGH SEA ALLY -. IN GREEK SUB'S DARING ATTACK |

Prevented Italian Planes From Spotting It After ° Vessels Were Hit.

The commander of the 19-year-old Greek submarine Papanicolis describes his narrow escape from destruction when his craft sank three heavily-loaded Italian troop transports the day before Christmas north of the Straits of Otranto in the Adriatic.

By CAPT. MILTON IATRIDES As Told to the United Press . ATHENS, Dec. 31.—-We broke the surface about 1000 yards from the convoy. We had only a few minutes for the entire job before the protective destroyers and aircraft would spot us. We let them have four torpedoes point-blank, then threw the ship into a sharp dive. As we submerged we heard three explosions as the torpedoes hit.

Sea Was Rough

We were under just six minutes when we felt the shock of the first depth charges in the water around us. There was nothing to do but lie doggo, inasmuch as the destroy= ers’ sound instruments would have picked up the motors if we had attempted a getaway. { Luckily tor us, the rough sea made it impossible for airplanes to discover us, but between 12:30 and 3 p. m. we counted more than 200 explosions. Some of the explosions were near enough to throw our sub on its side. Others were like distant thunder. My men were marvelous. They just sat ready—we had the escape hatch manned just in case, you know.

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Pool of Bombs

The members of the crew not on duty played cards and ran a pool on the number of bombs the Italians would drop. By 10 p. m. all was quiet and we rose to the surface after being submerged 17 hours. We headed west through the Straits of Otranto at full speed and at dawn on Christmas arrived off Corfu.

3 HOOSIERS RANKED AS NAVAL ENSIGNS

Three Hoosiers have been come missioned as U. S. Naval Reserve Ensigns and have been assigned to duty aboard warships, it was announced today at the local Reserve headquarters. The men are James E. Girard, of Plainfield; Frank T. Ratchford, of Bloomington, and John L. Downing, of Lafayete. Ensign Girard has been assigned to the U. S. S. Minneapolis, En= sign Ratchford is aboard the U. S. S. Augusta and Ensign Downing is aboard the U. S. S.: Chicago.

DROPS DIVORCE AS HE TENDS TO BABY

PHILADELPHIA, Dec, 31 (U. P.). —When Peter Vellucci’s divorce action was called before Judge Harry S. McDevitt, Mrs. Vellucci answered but the plaintiff was absent. “Where’s your husband,” asked the court. : “He's out in the car, minding the baby,” Mrs. Vellucci replied. After consultation with the court, Mr. Vellucci, satisfied with dom-

esticity, withdrew his action.

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