Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 27 September 1940 — Page 6
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: ¢ ture, Although I have lived in the East
PAGE 6
OMAHA, - Neb., Sept. 27 I (U. P.).—The partial text of * Republican Wendell Willkie’s farm speech follows: I have come to this great center of the farm belt tonight to give
you some of my views on agriculI think I view as you do.
lately, I spent the first 37 years of my life in the Middle West. Durdig’ my youth I worked as farm‘hand in this part of the country. J have never lost touch with the darm. I have invested the larger ‘part of my savings in farm land. My farms are farms, not show Places.
. + 1 do not pretend to be a special-
dst in agricultural q have given thoughtful study. « Fundamentally the farm problem rises out of the fact that our farm Population, comprising 24 per cent ©f our total population, receives only 12 per cent of our national Income. This basic lack of balance has caused a growing volume of discussion and legislation. culminating in the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933. This act embodies Meas which have been widely dis-
problems, but
them long
and.
cussed in both political parties and by farm leaders. Its annaunced purposes were to reduce burdensome surpluses, adjust the supply of agricultural products to demand, and bring agricultural prices and income to parity. :
Thése purposes still constitute our national farm policy. That policy is established. If is not a partisan issue. There must be no abandonment of it. America can never go back to the situation in which agriculture, because of the ignorance of both parties, was treated as a step-child. That I say as to the policy. The policy of government action to correct unbalance; to make and preserve agriculture a full partner in America, is written into laws, ‘is approved by both parties. There it must stand. * But we all understand that the policy is one thing and programs are another. Programs have to be measured and re-measured, studied and re-studied, revised and improved constantly, with a view to making them work and to. meeting new conditions. A set of programs is in operation. Even as to the programs I take no narrow or partisan attitude. I see in them honest purposes, some real
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values, and various points from which we must proceed.
Nevertheless we cannot assume that programs designed to achieve the aims of a policy are in themselves sacred. And certainly there are fair questions to be raised about present farm programs. I do not believe that their most ardent supporters would contend that they have reached, or even come within striking distance of their objectives
LISTS FIVE OBJECTIVES
There are, hcwever, certain im® portant programs which seem to contribute to the realization of the objectives that we want. Subject to improvements, I therefore propose to continue them. They can be enumerated briefly as follows: FIRST and foremost let me put
the soil conservation program. The «|
conservation of natural is not a partisan issue. No party can claim a copyright on it. I propose . that the present program be continued and strengthened. And I propose that, to a greater extent
resources
than heretofore, genuine consérva-|
tion. practices be made the basis for benefit payments. SECOND: Commodity loans, despite some inherent dangers, should be retained until some better method of assisting farmers to finance their surpluses can be worked out. Everyone knows that within limits surpluses are not only unavoidable, but beneficial in assuring consumers of an adequate supply under all conditions. Every producer and distributor of industrial goods keeps stocks and secures credit to carry
[them from private financial insti-
tutions. Such institutions, however, are not equipped to furnish credit to enable farmers to carry their surpluses through = periods when markets are demoralized. It is therefore necessary that the Federal Government take over that function.
THIRD: - Ever since 1933, I have been advocating rural electrification. I think the present program should be developed and extended. I proposed to authorities in Washington that congress make available a reasonable sum, say $10,000,000, from which either municipal plants or private plants could borrow money for rural lines, or some portion of them, * provided the | borrowers agreed to distribute electricity to the farmers at reasonable rates. If by reason of its increased use, such a line should earn a return on the investment, the borrowers could pay back their loan to the revolving fund. It is my belief that if such a program could be adopted in addition to the present plan, there would be twice as many rural lines in America as there are today, FOURTH: We must have an adequate system of farm credit. Interest rates should be as low as
the cost of money will permit. These lending operators should be super-
THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES
Partial Text of Willkie's Address on Agriculture at Gmina
Wendell L. Willkie takes time out from his campaign to visit
crippled children at the Shrine hospital in Portland, Ore.
He is
shown handing a flag to Marian Lester, 6.
vised by a government agency independent of the Agriculture Department and free from political control. ~The ultimate goal should be armer ownership. FIFTH: Crop insurance on wheat has resulted in great benefit to insured producers. We have not had enough experience to determine
‘whether it will ‘be a success in the
long run. But I favor its continuance until a full test has been made.
URGES INCOME GROWTH:
. Such, in the briefest possible form, are the current programs that I indorse. But will anyone argue that these programs are enough? They have helped many thousands of farmers to feel more secure. Yet the simple objectives that we all desire so much are still far off. How can we bring these objectives closer? The answer, I believe, lies in this: That the New Deal, intrigued with elaborate economic theories, has failed to go to the roots of our problem. The simple laws of American economics have slipped through its fingers. The farmer should get a greater share of our national income; but this objective would be immeasurably easier to reach if our national income were growing rapidly instead of remaining practically stationary. . In failing to establish recovery
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the New Deal has failed the farmer just as much as. it has failed the businessman and the worker. . . . | Besides failing to achieve a recovery without which we cannot hope to cure the farm problem, the New Deal has made the mistake of concentrating almost exclusively on the problems of production. It has made little effort to expand the domestic market that still exists. Yet this would be a practical line along which to work. Science points the way to greater utilization of farm crops. . It will be my policy to develop new industries as rapidly as possible which will increase both. farm and national income. The Department of Agriculture should expand its studies on‘ the marketing and distribution of farm ‘products. = We should encourage every effort to reduce the cost of transporting farm products to market, including Federal aid for the construction of roads.
ASKS FAR-SIGHTED TRADE
Co-operative marketing should be given renewed attention and encouragement. The marketing agreement program, which has operated
successfully in connection with the
marketing of dairy products and fresh fruits and vegetables, and which was supported almost unanimously by Republican members of Congress, should be continued. And as long as we have our present relief and unemployment problem
LETTER OF GERMAN CONSUL GIVEN DIES
SAN ANTONIO, Tex., Sept. 27 (U. P.).—G. F. Neuheuser, editor of the Texas Free Press. has turned over to the Dies Committee a letter from Baron Edgar von Spiegel, German consul at New Orleans, criticising the paper's editorial policies. Mr. Neuheuser said he considered the letter an effort to make him disregard his duties as an American citizen. The rewspaper editor took issue with Spiegel’s admonishment that certain articles did not have the consul’s “approval.” In the letter, which Mr. Neuheuser translated for reporters, von Spiegel allegedly wrote: “Your letter urges me to do what I have intended to do for the last
few years, namely, to discuss with | you the manner and spirit in which {you report in your newspaper. “When you read the last great
| speech of Adolf Hitler you will see
that he had occupied himself intensively with the comment that
| you report in your paper in the very
same manner the Fuehrer objects to and I cannot help the impression such reporting must be called hostile, to put it mildly. The article you wrote about Pastor Niemoeller also does not have my approval and contains lies.”
URGES GOVERNMENT RULE COMPETITION
CINCINNATI, Sept. 27 (U. P.).— Donald R. Richberg today advocated “healthful government control of competition — without government control of business”’—to aid national security. The former NRA administrator, speaking to the National Association of Foremen convention, said what America needs today is an economic constitution to create industrial self government and a Bill of Rights to allow men to control their own labor and property.
DELAY FORECAST IN BATISTA INDUCTION
HAVANA, Sept. 27 (U. P.)— Presiderit-Elect Fulgencio Batista may not be able to assume office on Oct. 10, authoritative sources said today.
f The law requires a new presidant to be proclaimed by the House of Representatives. Protests lodged by opposition Congressional candidates have delayed the induction of all but 10 candidates out of 151 and apparently will make this impossible Some quarters foresaw a 60-day delay.
VINCENT ASTOR WEDS AGAIN
EAST HAMPTON, N. Y. Sept. 27 (U. P.).—The marriage of Vincent Astor of the millionaire indusJtrialists and Mary B. Cushing was ‘announced today by the brides mother, Mrs. Harvey B. Cushing, widow of the brain specialist. Mr. Astor recently was divorced from Helen D. Huntington.
farm-to-market i
we should continue the policy of distributing surplus Commodities to the poor, - The failure of the domestic market is one root of the present farm problem. The failure of the export market is another. We are prone to blame the New Deal in the first instance and exonerate it in the second. We are apt to accept the foreign situation as something entirely beyond our control. 4 But this is not the case. | As I pointed out recently in San |Francisco, our entire foreign policy, bes ginning with the London Economic Conference in 1933, has n such as to injure and weaken the Democratic nations, our best customers. This weakening of the democracies, and the consequent war that is ravaging them today, has deprived us of an enormous portion of our foreign markets. Even in spite of the war, we must adopt a farsighted foreign trade policy to take advantage of every sound opportunity for the restoration of those vital foreign markets. Such a program may have to be worked out gradually and the goal may be far distant, but I pledge that if I am elected to administer this Government I will take advantage of every opportunity to that end. Meantime we must remember that there are certain agricultural commodities of which we have exportable surplusses, such as wheat and cotton, the price of which is fixed in world markets. It is well recognized that as long as a part of
these products go into foreign mar-
Highlights of Nebraska Talk
“The policy of government action to correct unbalance, to make and preserve agriculture a full partner in America, is written into laws, is approved by both parties, There it must stand.”
» = #
“Everyone knows that within limits, surpluses are not unavoidable, (but beneficial in assuring consumers of an adequate supply under all conditions.” . »
" n
“The farmer should get a greater share of our national income, but this objective would be immeasurably easier to reach if our national income were growing rapidly instead of remaining practically stationary.”
“The failure of the domestic market is one root of the present farm problem.”
un ”
VY
kets at world prices, industrial re-!
covery, no matter how complete, will not result in an adequate and fair price. Farmers producing ‘such commodities are in the position of having to buy in a protected American market and having to sell in a world market. It seems to me
to the roots of our trouble.
that LH irentment must be accorded these commodities. This, then, 1s my farm program. Let us take over and improve if possible these elements of the present program’ which are helping the farmer in his battle against the contracting economy that the new deal has brought about. But let us not pretend that that program is -our solution. We must go By the application of the simple laws of economics we must expand the domestic market. and the foreign market.
We will try to eliminate discrimination between different areas and different branches of agriculture. We will simplify the regulations and make them easier to understand. We will have less bureaucracy and moré local control. We will operate the program so as to favor the family type farm. We will cut down the cost of ad~ ministration and eliminate unnecessary employees. It is my purpose to choose as Secretary of Agriculture a man who knows agriculture, a man who holds as firmly as I do the absolute conviction that our national objectives for American farmers must be attained. I promise, and not under pressure, that ‘if elected President I_ will convene a White House conference of representatives of all our great groups, - farm, factory, labor and consumer to tackle the job, at long last, of ending economic stagnation and preventing a common dis-
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