Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 July 1940 — Page 12

PAGE 12

Text

WASHINGTON, July 19 (U. P.).—Following is the! text of President Roosevelt's speech last night to the Demo- | cratic National Convention: |

Tt i

that

1s with a very full heart that I speak tonight. I must confess [ do so with mixed feelings—because I find myself, as almost everyone does sooner or later in his lifetime, in a conflict between deep personal desire for retirement on the one hand, and that quiet, invisible thing called “conscience” on the other. { Because there are self-appointed commentators and interpreters who | seek Jo misinterpret or question; "T,; ives, T speak in a somewhat per the postponement of personal plans! vein: and I must trust to the and partisan debate until the latest, ood faith and common sense of the possible moment. The normal conAmerican people to aceept my own ditions under which I would have good faith—and to do their own in- made public declaration of my perterpreting sonal desires were wholly gone. When Thinking solelv of the national e good and of the international scene, I came to the reluctant conclusion that such declaration should not be made before the national ‘convention. It was accdbrdingly made to vou within an hour after | the permanent organization of this convention. | Like any other man, IT am complimented by the honor that you have done me. But I khow you will] understand the spirit in which I| say that no call of party alone! would prevail upon me to accept reelection to the Presidency. | The reat decision tq be made in these circumstances is not the ac-| ceptance of a nomination, but! rather an ultimate willingness to] |serve if chosen by the electorate of . the United States. Many considera- | tions enter into this decision. During the past few mernths, with due Congressional approval, we in the United States have been taking steps to implement the total defense of “merica. I cannot forget that in carrving out this program I nave drafted into the service of the nra-| tion many men and women, taking them away from important private affairs, calling them suddenly from their homes and their businesses. I have asked them to leave their own work, and to contribute their skill and experience to the cause of their! nation.

1 will m

in 1936. T was chosen by oters for a second time as Preswas my firm intention to over the responsibilities of ernment to other hands at the of mv term That conviction remained with me. Eight vears in Presidency, following a . period bleak depression, and covering one world crisis after another, would entitle any man to the laxation which comes from honore retirement During the spring of 1939 world events made it clear to all but the blind or the partisan that a great war in Europe had become not merely a possibility but a probabiland that such a war would of neecssity deeply affect the future of this nation

th ident

end

normally

— ere e———————— -

WAR CHANGES COURSE

— RE —— - eet

When Yast

the conflict first broke out September, it was still my into announce clearly and at an early date, that under woyld I accept re1. This fact was well known my friends. and I_ think was derstood by many citizens. It soon became evideht, however, hat such a public statement on my would be unwise from the of view of sheer public duty President of the United States, mv clear duty, with the aid Congress, to preserve our itv, to shape our program fense to meet rapid changes, keep domestic affairs add to shifting world conditions, to sustain the policy of the neighbor. was also my obvious duty to to the utmost the influof this mighty nation in our to prevent the spread of war, to sustain by all legal means, Governments threatened by Governments which had rethe principles of democracy. moving foreign events » necessary swift action at home syond the seas. Plans for nadefense had to be expanded justed to meet new forms of American citizens and welfare had to be safeguarded foreign zones of danger in the United States crving essential in the development of unbele tvpes of espionage and intional treachery day that passed called for

tion simply 10 conditions tio

x 1 ele 1 1

A it

ALL MUST DO SHARE

I. as head of their Government, have asked them to do this. Regardless of party, regardless of personal convenience, thev came—they answered the call. Every single one of them, with one exception, has come to the nation’s capital to serve the nation. These people, who have placed patriotism: above all else, represent those who have made their way to what might be called the top of their professions or industries through proven skill and experince But they alone could not be| enough to meet the needs of the times, Just as a system of national defense based on man power alone, without the mechanized equipment of modern warfare is totally insuf-' ficient for adequate defense. so also | planes and guns and tanks are wholly insufficient unless they are implemented by the power of men \ to use them.

AINntain

‘ted

Swiftly

mans al 1 {unity

the

_ ermrn, =

t nhl ention!

& A, D

AND MONDAY ARE

OLLAR DAYS

¥, BEAUTEARTES

land those who operate tanks.

{to do his share or her share to]

of Roosevelt's Address

President Roosevelt and his 1940 running mate, Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace are shown in the Oval Room at the White House last March as the President was about to address the nation’s

farmers.

. » » : Such manpower consists not. only; Those, my friends, are the rea-]cations of fact, which are sometimes

of pilots and gunners and infantry | For | every individual in actual combat service, it is necessary for adequate defense that we have ready at hand

fat lease four or five other trained

individuals organized for non-com-bat services. i | And ‘because of the millions of | citizens involved in the conduct of | defense, most right thinking persons are agreed that some form of | selection by draft is as necessary and as fair today as it was in 1917 and 1918. | Nearly everv American is willing | defend the United States. It is} neither just nor efficient to permit

(that task to fall upon any one sec-

tion or any one group. For every section and every group depend for their existence upon the survival of the nation as a whole. Lying awake, as I have, on manv nights, I have asked myself whether I have the right, as commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy, to call on men, and women to seive their country or to train themselves to serve and, at the same time, de- | cline to serve my country in my personal capacity, if I am called upon to do so by the people of my country. |

WAR DOMINATES LIVES

In times like these—in times of great tension, of great crisis—the compass of the world narrows to a single fact. The fact which dominates our worig is the fact of armed ageression, the fact of successful armed aggression, aimed at the form of Government, the kind of society that we in the United States have chosen and established for ourselves It is a fact which no one any longer doubts—which no one is any longer able to ignore, It is not an ordinary war. a revolution imposed by force of arms, Which threatens all men everywhere. It is a revolution which proposes not to set men free but to reduce them to slaverv—to reduce them to slavery in the interest of dictatorship which has already] shown the nature and the extent of that advantage which it hopes to obtain. That is the fact which dominates

It is

B= our world and which dominates the

lives of all of us—each and every one of us. In the face of the danger which confronts our time, no in-

i dividual retains or can hope to re-|

tain, the right of personal choice

which free men enjoy in times of

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peace. He has a first obligation to serve in the defense of our institutions of freedom—a first obligation to serve his country in whatever capacity his country finds him useful,

MADE OTHER PLANS

sons why I have had to admit to myself, and now to state to you,| that my conscience will not let me turn my back upon a call to service. |

The right to make that call rests with the people through the Amer-| ican method of a free election. Only the people themselves can draft a President. If such a draft should be made upon me, I say to you, in the utmost simplicity, I will, with God's help, continue to serve with the best of my ability and with the fullness of my strength,

TRIBUTE TO FARLEY

To vou, the delegates to this convention, 1 express my gratitude for the selection of Henry Wallace for the high office of Vice President to the United States. His firsthand knowledge of the problems of government in every sphere of life and in every part of the nation— and indeed of the whole world— qualifies him without reservation. His practical idealism will be of great service to me individually and to the nation as a whole. | And to the Chairman of the National Committee and Postmaster

|General—my old friend Jim Farley | —I send, as I have often before,

my affectionate greetings. All of us are sure that he will continue to give all the leadership and support he possibly can to the cause of American democracy. ! In some respects, as I think my good wife suggested a few hours ago, the next few months will be! different from the usual national campaigns of recent vears, Most of vou know how important it that the President of the United States in these davs remain close to the seat of Government. Since last summer 1 have been compelled to abandon proposed journeys to inspect many of our national projects from the Alleghanies to the Pacific Coast. Events move so fast in other parts of the world that it has become my duty to remain either in the White House itself or at some nearby point where I can reach Washington and even Eurcpe and Asia by direct telephone—where, if need be, I can be back at my desk in the space of a very few hours. And, in addition, the splendid | work of the new defense machinery will require me to spend vastly more time in conference with the resporsible administrative heads under me. Finally, the added task which the present crisis has imposed also upon the Congress, compelling them to forego their usual adjournment, calls for constant cooperation between the executive and legislative branches, to the efficiency

{of which I am glad indeed now to

pay tribute, { I do expect, of course, during the

{coming months to make my usual

Like most men of my age, I had

E made plans for myself, plans for a

private life of my own choice and

E for my own satisfaction—a life of that kind to begin in January, 1941.

These plans, like so many other plans, had been made in a world which now seems as distant as another planet. Today all private plans, all private lives have been in a sense repealed by an cverriding public danger. In the face of that public danger all those whe can be of service to the republic have no choice but to offer themselves for service in those capacities for which they may fitted.

debate,

be)

periodic reports to the country through the medium of press conferences and radio talks. I shall not have the time or the inclination to engage in purely political But I shall never be loathe to call the attention of the nation to deliberate or unwitting falsifi-

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" THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

ccepting Nomination for Thi

men and women of the country, to i make our federal and state and|t

local governments gesponsive to th: democracy.

growing requirements of modern] democracy. There have been occasions as ‘/e|t remember when reactions in thet

march of demociacy have set in, and we have covered much of the road.

I know you do not pelieve either,|

FRIDAY, JULY 19, 1940

rd Term

n which all classes are joining in] And I have a sneaking suspicion, he interest of a sound and enduring too, that voters will smile at charges

lof inefficiency against a Govern-

I do not believe for a moment, and | ment which has boldly met the

enormous problems of banking, and finance and industry which the great efficiency bankers and indus- | trialists of the Republican Party

hat we have fully answered all of| he needs of human security. But |

forward-looking progress has I need not catalog the milestones of jeff in such hopeless chaos in the

seemed to stop.

lowed by liberal

in fulfilling new Such a time has been the | Because we had

ments needs. past seven years. seemed to lag in previous years, we have had to devleop, speedily and efficiently. the answers to aspira=tions which had come from every state and every family in the land. |

( t

HIGHER STANDARDS SOUGHT

|seven years. But such periods have been fol- and every family in the \ hole iand |

(gains in these directions to be re-| pealed or even to be placed in the | ‘harge of

service.

be done, want

For every individual famous year 1933. But we all know that our progress

and progressive knows that the average of their ner- at home and in the other American times which have enabled the na- sonal lives has been made safer and | tion to catch up with new develop- sounder and happier than it has human ever been before,

nations—and our sister nations— toward this realization of a better | human decency—progress along free lines—is gravely endangered by what is happening on other continents. In Europe, many nations, through dictatorships or invasions, have been compelled to abandon | normal democractic processes. They {have meen compelled to adoft forms Yes. very much more remains to |of government which some call and I think the voters|“new and efficient.” task entrusted to those| They are not new, my friends;

I do not think they want the |

those who would give! hem mere lip-service with no heart

the

| who believe that the words “human | they are only a relapse—a relapse

We have sometimes called it so-| alike.

cial legislation; we have sometimes

called it legislation to end abuses! of the past; we have sometimes called it legislation for human security; and we have sometimes] called it legislation to better the condition of life of the many millions of our fellow citizens, who | could not have the essentials of life! lor hope for an American standard (of living. | Some of us have labeled it a [wider and more equitable distribu- | | tion of wealth in our land. It has included among its aims, to liberalize and broaden the control of vast | industries—lodged today in the] hands of a relatively small group rof individuals of very great financial power,

Times-Acme Photo

made by political candidates.

CITES TWOFOLD TASK

I have spoken to you in a very inThe exigencies of the day require, howeve

that also talk with you about rbechid | at 3 ; elk Jou 8 But all of these definitions and things which transcend ny person- labels are essentially the expression ality ant go very deeply to the roots ¥ S : A xp They \merican civilization. BR a Bae ey represent a constantly growing

Our lives have been based on ¢ of In A decency human S S — those fundamental freedoms and SEDS€ OI human decenc decency throughout our nation.

liberties which we Americans have : cherished for a centurv and a ha'-.!| This sense of human decency is The establishment _of them and the happily confined to no group or class. You find it in the humblest

preservation of them in each suchome. You find it among those who

ceeding generation have been arcomplished through the processes of who toil, and among the shop keepers antl the farmers of the nation.

free elective government—the DemYou find it, to a growing degree,

ocratic-Republican {orm, based on ' : the representative svstem and _he even among those who are listed in that top group which has so inuch

co-ordination of the executive, the . legislative ana the judicial branches, control over the industrial and] financial structure of the nation.

The task of safeguarding our incherefore, this urge of humanity

stitutions seems to ne to be twofold. ©ne must be accomplished, if can by no means be labeled a war of class against class. It is rather

it becomes necessary, by the armed a war against poverty and suffering

formal and personal way.

betterment” apply to poor and rich into ancient history. The omniS (Continued on Page 13)

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