Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 March 1940 — Page 19

1940]

DRSoAY MARCH 21,

i

i 1} sy

\| By Ernie Pyle

oosier ‘Vagabond

ANTIGUA, Guaternala, March = 21. — Within an Blocks, jor the city L large—to - hotel amits’ to ge e Hote anchen, which a ur of arriving here ‘I kilew that this was one of Bige. Rod lo Him Nant But there are bathtubs, and hot water’ Coffee lies drying on the concrete ‘of the-patio. ¢ Indians without shoes serve the me Fr outdoor terraces. Flowers are profuse, And over | and a peace which, after the n eft, from tragedy. We have been City, come over you like a warmth lto Santa Fe in the Southwest, clouds pass. ‘and to Taxco in Mexico, and to, I ti ' the best way. probably the 0 nly: genuine Dawson in the Yukon, and to { way, to see Antigua for the first time is to see it as I did. That is to walk—and walk by yourself. : First you walk up a path back of the ots, among | Natchez. coffee trees, then through the woods, until you come : But never until we came to to an opening in the trees where you. can look: .¢ down Antigua have we had the almost’ upon the ruined city. From there you can see is ‘instant sense that a plate was everything is laid out; you get the pattern of it a {completely “right.” Antigua is your mind; and the sense of tragedy in your ou. 25 miles from a City. iE gi

"The country is mountainous, but | ’ : ‘Ruins Have New Meaning

the grandeur is soft, Ahead of you, always growing bigger and bigger, _ Then you walk back down; and into the town. You wear dark glasses, for the sun is blindingly

is the Volcan de Agua—surely as striking and sym- , bright. You go a cozen steps, and you are among

metrical a cone as Fujivams. ‘the Jolley al Jes foot lies the ancient city of Antigua, a mile g ringed around with loveliness and with nature's fury. the ruins of Antigua. A dozen steps in any direcFor two centuries Antigua was the grandest city tion, almost anywhere in the entire city, and you are among: ruins, between Mexico and Peru. It had 70,000 people and “And here is the place we must change the character of the word “ruins.” To me, “ruins” is a

50 elaborate churches and monasteries. It thrived | museum word, a tourist-party word, denoting some-

and pulsed with conquest and wealth and a lavish thing all roped off with a plaque on it, probably with

religion. And then it was destroyed. In the space of a ley minutes an earihquake shook the. entire vast a spiked fence around it, something cold and boring. But the ruins of Antigua are not like that. They

city to the ground. Only three buildings were left wholly standing. That was in 1773. | In fear of more earthquakes ‘from the towering ‘volcanoes, the capital| city was moved to another valley, 25 miles away. oe there Hewja Guatemala on, the capital of t 8 = =

Hard y a Dead City - |

Antigua was abandoned as a capital, but some of the people would nof go. And their descendants are there today. Antigua is larger than you would expect. There are 3,000 people here. They live among the silent ruins, and they are busy in a quiet way. The tourist drives clear across town—probably 50

n our travels we have Peers to ‘many historic eS ‘Where unusual personalities ‘have grown up : ou, © a venerable culture or a. Tevive romance of a ghostliness

Williamsburg and Provincetown ‘and Quebec and Tombstone and -.

not retired upon their: honors, but are functioning today and form a part of the daily lives of the people of Antigua. Humans live among the cracked walls. ‘You step from the lovely tree-shaded plaza into . the police station. It is no different from a police Station anywhere in Latin America. But just. step ‘to the back door—and you will find that the polige station is merely a false front, and that out’ back is |a jumble of rock andl brick and partly standing walls ‘and cracked domes and hanging sections of roof] all back there behind, just as nature left them 167 years ago. That is Antigua—behind every modern front, a ruin; within every ruin, a new life. ’ i ¢

| | “ |

Our 1] own By Anton Scherrer EXCEPT FOR Martin M. Clinton (Ed's boy), I wouldn't be able to tell you about Edward Longerich, a 72-year-old plumber who distinctly remembers hav-

g seen Charles H. Black's automobile, the one he {hag running on the streets of Indianapolis in 1893,

hifty and observe that it was “probably the first livery stable 7in “the country .to accommodate the vehicle destined to make garages out of stables.” The old Meridian Stable is now the Meridian Garage.

Mr. Longerich also remembers that the side of Mr. Black's car carried a small brass plate with the inscription “Motorwagen. ” He says he remembers the German word because his folks came from the Old Country.

All of which calls for a , recapitulation. The last time I brought up the subject in this column I remember cataloging seven men, all living ahd as honest as the day is long, who recalled having seen Mr.]

and Barton Shipley, a retired Gant. automobile. With Mr. Longerich I now have

musician. With their own, ears now 2)

they heard him say that he was Clinching the Evidence

hartie “golly dern certain” that he saw ¥ Cc Bilis Black (oneraung His gasoliie buggy on 8. First of all, there is Joseph Sours “who says he knows for a fact that when he was a l4-year-old

Penney vania St. in 1893. It was ’93, he said, because | - at was the year he attended the Columbian Exposi- 1,0 i 1890, he helped Mr. Black build his automobile in the very shop Mr. Longerich mentions.

. Yon, another Hiilgstane in Mr. Jongerich’s life, | n the early Nineties, Mr. Longerich was employed ' There's the testirnony, too, of Mr, Hasselman ©, the florist, at 3401 Central Ave.

by Freaney Brothers, plumbers, 48 S. Pennsylvania St. 3 lumber. and money fo make Mr. Black's second car.

which was right around the corner from Black's car- _ riage shop, 44 E. Maryland St. Because of the prox- : : imity of the two shops, Mr. Longgrich also remembers lA h. 3 VAN A= A . En (4), 3017 N. Delaware St., remembers taking a ride

what. Mr, Black looked like. He was a heavy set man somewiiere in his forties. =His silvery-gray hair made Jwith Mr. Black the second time the car was on the streets of Indianapolis.

him look Sider. though. And he had the manners of & Chester eld even in his overalls, says Mr. Longerich. Abraham Simon (5), 331 W. Washington St., says he met Mr. Black in 1892 while he was working on the

2 ” The % First 7 car. Albert H. Grove (6), 148 E. Ohio St., recalls Mr. ¢ Black working on a horseless carriage. As for Adolph In 1894 Mr. Longerich went.to work for another 'Schellschmidt (7); he lived just a block west of Mr. ‘plumber, George |W. Keyser, who had his shop ai Black's home at the time. More than’ once (circa 117 N. Illinois St. Mr. Keyser boarded his horse at 1890) he saw the old bus passing his home, he ays. the Meridian = 216 N. Meridian St., and it was And now comes Edward Longerich (8).

. At a time, mind you, when Elwood Haynes, Henry Ford and Charles Duryea were still trying to. get theirs to run. Mr. Longerich spends his evenings at George Karas” restaurant, and the other night he | saw fit' to lay bare his past. {.. Right in front of Mr. Clinton

\

‘part of Mr, Longerich’s job to drive the horse there From the looks of things, it may yet turn out that at the close of the work day. It was at|these stables’ Charlie Black’s gasoline buggy was ‘the first automothat Mr. Longerich often saw Black's car “parked” there. The anachronism moved Mr. Ske to puli a | run successfully, wd

\ | kx

Washingion ‘By Raymond Clapper

WASHINGTON, March’ 2t—It appears less likely Germany| is not considering at this. time any trian ever that peace, of any substantial moves in Peace terms | which would weaken her position. Any

‘that direction, w ul _ settlement which Hitler would accept at’ this time » Will result; from. the Eur pean scout would be one which would recognize his conquests

ing trip which Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles and his improved position on the continent. | The . bas just completed for President Roosevelt. This ajfies are in no moad to yield to such terms, though Holy Week brings deepening, knowing how hard the alternative will be, how much gloom. Sacrifices on the part in lives and nations] treasure it is going to cost. | of all the peoples of Europe This Administration, while technieally neutral, is seem dec Civilization must sympathetic to the Allied cause and is“net likely to turn: to the avagery of the yrge peace terms that would ‘merely recognize ° ‘the jungle to Save paar and with gains Hitler has made. ‘some -question whether it will “li one purpose in having [Secretary Earl _ -survive in the forms whichygnod- . discount ctirrent peace talk Rx, this the ry B pi - ern Europe has known. of any proposals that may come from the Axis side Talk of an “Easter peace” is in the immedidte future, and to nullify their propadescribed by the White House as ganda effect. The White House statement and Prime - empty. That is a reliable signal Minister Chamberlain's “fight on” speech to the House "as to the direction which affairs of Commo} Ss were rnade simultaneously. in Europe ‘are taking under a °* iE 2 8 = “NE

- smoke screen of peace rumors. ; : The “all-out” war which everyone on both sides F. D. . .on Plane Sales Later on the same day Mr. Roosevelt vigorously

Sreats seems almost inescapable now. Stephen T. rly, press secretary a$ the White House, said that on the basis of “authoritative reports” to this Gov- Jetonded ® Policy of sel 1 Aerioen Verlane Allies. For our own national defense, one of the

| nme here seemed to’ be no foundation for rumors in the ropean press: w | auth oritative pean press Shieh purport to give 81. most important things is airplane productive capacity. aw = That, Mr. Roosevelt feels, is more important than: the actual number of planes on hand. The way to deAllies Reads y for Showdown velop airpl lane capacity is to sell planes. Thus the : policy of selling planes to the Allies is rationalized as * From the Allied point of view particularly, affairs: an aid to our own national defense. have taken a turn for the werse. There is every An Allied mission is in Washington now altemphing indication that a Berlin-Rome-Moscow deal is being to adjust irritations growing out of the British block=made which will lay a vastly enlarged and strength- ade. But more than that may be going on, because ened Axis of dictators down across the heart of the Allies are concerned about shipment of Ame ean Europe. Italy and Russia serve as feeders for Ger- supplies to Russia across. the Pacific. The Allies many, both| being technically non-belligerents and we cannot become a party to the war, but they Jook in a‘ position indirectly to draw goods through the to the United States to assist them indirectly, land British blockade to somé extent. the disposition of this Adminisiration is to do so.

My Day a

‘NEW YORK CITY, Wednesday. —The hunting accident, which happened to my daughter-in-law,| Mrs. Franklin Roosevelt Jr. yesterday, upset us all] con“siderably, We must be grateful that she was not killed. I suppose one cannot blame the horse, for the ground is still somewhat slippery. ‘To be laid up for some

<4

By Eleanor Rocsecelt

is comforting to feel that whatever naprais to us is probably intended to give us a chance for spiritual development. : I flew to New York City this morning on a._very early plane, and the dentist and I have a rendezvous Arild 2 noon! Base is drawing near, so I must do some aster shopping. Among other things, an article in, Same A gd Jo the New. York Herald-Tribune -warns us Against pain and: discomfort which she buying our children and grandchildren live chicks must go through. ones give just as much pleasure. I quite agree and ¥ suppose it is a great deal to can well understahd why the American) Society for ask, but I wish that all young the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is fostering _ married people with children campaign| against this habit of giving childven “poor would give,up h@inting. I.know little defenseless animals at Easter. I-never thought, how much fun it must be for dt was healthy for either the animals or the hildren, them and that they never expect so I hope this campaign will be very successful. any accident to Happen, but to is just one place where baby chicks and rabh is and timid person like permissible and this is on the farm. - i :

the hotel at the for]

s of Guatemala}.

ines oF is ‘a quiet] of sun when the}

are alive; they almost seem to speak; and they ha ol

He | furnished the ;

bile ever. built in America. What's more, the first to} the strongest power in the world.

“i. bright

b. Walter Leckrone

“HE Charge of the Light Hipie was midi te keep

(Second of a sien

fia

"Russia ou | of the Balkans. , , . Today’s “light bri le is bigger and better, but the Allies and their objec-

tive are the s Turkey, B the Near East, except that hit

e as they were in 1854." tain and France today massed: troops in just’ as they did in the spring of 1854— year there are already four times as many

men \in the Allied armies alone as there were. on both

sides combined

in the Crimean War.

There was another difference, too, as that + war began. In 1854, it was Prussia that stayed on the outskirts as a

menacing neutral while Russia ‘went into action. ir roles have been reversed.

time, so far, t

This

Russia, then, as now, wanted a slice of the Balkan

countries.

The excuse. was that Christians in Greece should not: be

under the rule of Mohammedans from Turkey.

England, France and Austria, who wanted no ‘Russian domination ;

of the Balkan countries, were believed to be too busy elsewhere to

fight about them.

Prussia, nucleus of present-day Goimany) restalned! as a threat against French and British and Austrian action, The tsan issued an ultimatum dn the fall ,of 1853, and when Turkey refused to obey it, Russian armies marched toward the Danube. | ‘The British and French fleets sailed through the Dardanelles, and «went to war as allies of Turkey. Austria, in sympathy with them, mobilized an army, too, but dared not send it into war, lest Prussia

attack from the rear.

| ‘Early in the spring the British and French had landed about

70,000. soldiers on| the Turkish coast of the Black Sea.

‘The Turks

wanted to drive into the Caucasus district and clear it of Russians, but the allies insisted on besieging Savastopol, on, the Crimean penin-

sula, instead.

{

This siege lasted all summer, and late in the fall, when the -Rus-

‘sians counter-attacked at Balaklava, the famous *Oharge of the Light

Brigade” was launched. Since made famous in the poem that every schoolboy knows, it actually was a British blunder that hurled a brigade of British light cavalry against intrenched Russian infantry and Russian artillery—and into, a pocket, at that, where they were, fired on from three sides. Not many of, the cavalrymen

came back from the charge, and

the battle was a Russian victory. Before the Russians were able’ to follow it up, however, it was winter, and war stopped until spring. In the spring, after prolonged fighting, British artillery blasted the Russians out ‘of Sevastopol, and by fall the Russian

army was in retreat through the \ |

hills. | By this time everybody had had war enough, and a pe

_ treaty was signed.

| 2 8 = ; I= was nobody’s victory. In the treaty Turkey promised | to treat the Greeks a little better, and also the.other subject Christians in the Balkans—a promise that wasn't. kept, by the wiy. Russia agreed to. stay out of the Balkans, and did stay out until 1878—22 years. The Black Sea ‘was declared a neutral ocean, the Danube River was declared open to commerce of all nations, and the integrity of the Turkish Empire—then much larger than now, was guaranteed by all the powers. | Turkey was already declining from the natiod's Golden. Age, which had made it, for a while,

After Rome fell, Turkey moved in on the ruins. Originally, the Turks came up out of Arabia—wild horsemen with swords shrieking that “Allah is God - and Mohammed is His Prophet” —and believing they went straight to a luxurious heaven if they died in battls. [They swept over Persia, con-

‘quered the ‘Roman Empire in North: Africa, took \ Jerusalem,

In - 1878, a Bulgarian Yevolt

broke out too soon, and the Turks

Alexandria—and by 700A. D. had put it down with ruthless cruelty.

conquered Spain. N The march of conquest. went

.on. By 1453 the Turks had cap-

tured Constantinople—now Istanbul—last surviving outost of ihe old Roman Empire, and Turkey

Into Bulgaria went ‘Januarius

Aloysius MacGahan, a newspaperman from Pigeon Roost, O. | His stories of what the Turks

had done to Bulgarians overthrew a British cabinet—which

ruled . Bulgaria, Hungary, Eros N had been dismissing the atrocity

Austria. The peak of the erlipire came at _ Vienna, where the Turkish invasion at last was .stopped in 1683. For the next 230 years, ‘European powers-—pushed the Mohammedans slowly hack. Budapest was freed in 1685. Serbian

peasants rebelled and drove out °

their Turkish rulers in 1804. The "Greeks rose. and drove back the Turks still farther in 1829.

‘stories as

“propaganda” — and rought another Russian Army own to free Bulgaria. In 1912,

the Macedonians rose against

urkey, and the empire was ushed back! into Anatolia.

2 2 2 HROUGH all this rise and

fall, the Turks had been hard masters, poor rulers. Wherever

their crescent flag rose leajning

disappeared, schools were de--stroyed, temples’ were turned. into stables, art ‘masterpieces ‘were smashed. Mohammed taught that pictures and statues of people were evil things. His followers wiped them out wherever they went, forced the subject populations into ignorance and serfdom. ! 4

The Turks were poor colonists, poor farmers, poor businessmen. They let most of their. cwn busi. ness—even right lat home—fall.into the hands of the shrewder Armenians, then persecuted the Armenians with Oriental cruelty because the business brought them wealth. ‘ By 1914 Turkey was an impoverished, backward nation, largely illiterate, badly misgoverned. It had not much left except the Dardanelles. But the Dardanelles was important. Here was the outer entrance to the Danube, which carried trading ships 1400 miles up.into Europe. It was the path to the Balkans, the backdoor to all of Europe. Here was the only place where a railroad could cross into Asia Minor. | Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany dreamed of ‘a rail route from Berlin to Bagdad, which would dominate trade clear across the Balkans, over into Syria and

. strategic position wit:

- the vigorous “Young

Turkey, him | Ri bo “sick man of Europey’ but Gere i many “hoped |to use n Germany's | e Germany of tos ‘Russia's aw mae | IPOWeE

brain—just as day plans.to us terials and ma many's brains. @ German officers traine Turkish | soldiers—still good fighting men even if they vere failures at busi | e

ness and commerce and (fighting, |

- German factories armed Moslem

armies, Germalt tacticia s guided | their campaigns | ~All over’ ‘the Near E st, they | ‘ again raised the cry that|“there is no God but Allah—and Mohammed | is his Prophet” and preached a | holy war across North Africa, all | the way to India i Ld They proved | fa tough for the Allies at the Dardanelles, held out | defiantly until the whole German | ‘dream of conquest collapsed. But they had changed. Under / post-war pressure, the old sultans were deposed, modern ideas of democracy, national pride, education, ) came in. Kemal Pasha rose to seize control of the country, With ks” | be- |

hind him; | A new day had dawned for Turkey.

. NEXT—The “Sie Mx: in of Europe” Gets Well

and es for Easter, and suggests that the toy|

SCAN IRVINGTON ATO PARKING

Safety Board Report Due After Request for 115Hour Limit.

> The Safety Board's report ‘on |

limited parking in the Irvington

* | business district is expected to be

completed within the next few days. A request for an hour and onehalf parking limit has been made by the Irvington Business: Men's Club. If granted, the limit would be iin effect on E. Washington St.

from Irvington Ave. to Audubon

Road and on Ritter Ave. as far north and south as the business area extends. - The Irvington Club at first had w | considered installation of parking meters but decided that they would not, solve the problem of the allday parker to the district's advantage. e club is an organization of business men concerned with civic problems| as well as those which have a direct bearing on business. On April 5, the organization will meet with the newly formed North

| Irvington Civic League to map a],

m of co-operation, e club also has decided to make an aBnual event of the Christmas shopping bus furnished last year. The bus, equipped with a Santa Claus, made regular trips about the residential area taking customers to ithe business district during the holidays. Club officers are Mr, Moore, Al-| Hall, secretary, ca phell, treasurer.

CANADA CONSIDERS OPENING FINN HAVEN

| OTTAWA, Ontario, March 21 (U. P.).—A proposal to bring Finnish

and Ted |

THE STORY OF DEMOCRACY

CHAPTER TEN THERE was one other

reason why Democrdcies ‘were so slow to develop. Democracy as a form of government is very apt

‘to be extremely wasteful,

And if we are to draw whatever lessons history offers’ us upon the subject, we feel inclined to come to the conclusion that in our modest ‘world, only very prosper=.

. ous countries ‘can afford to main-

tain a democratic form of government. this, of course, did not hold of a few of the ‘agricultural ocracies of the Middle Ages,

tru de

several of the Swiss cantons and in [Iceland and here and there among the ‘tribes: which inhabited the vast northern plain of Bu-

rope’s mainland. But these were

hardly democracies in our sense of the word. They were, small agricultural communities, - ‘composed entirely of free and :independent farmers. Since all of them were about equally rich, none of them was able to dominate the life of their neighbors. But the moment this happy balance was upset by the introduction of comirerce, there was an end to this beautiful dreamr of equality. | Furthermore let there be rum‘ors of danger- from | ghroag and immediately. some: strong man would be elected to act as Jeager, Once he had been victorious, he was apt to ‘have gained so much in power and prestige that it was practically impossible to dislocate him. { * vidi

oo ln wa 2 UCH indeed was the beginning of every medieval monarchy

’

as it is of all dur tedern dic-

tatorships. “But why,” as we are

once been caught in a cris has threatened our national existence, “why didn’t the masses of

the people object, drive away the

>

By Hendrik Willem van Loon

(ILLUSTRATED BY THE AUTHOR)

such as were then to be found in |

Why didn’ t the masses of people drive ay establish their own democratic form of ove

enough alone” and that it is wiser not to upset the existing state of affairs as long as it does not interfere too directly with

_ the comforts of the Average

Man. a - A wise man once remarked that “all slavery is self-imposed.”

right. "One will come ‘across arguments

like this in almost all the writings

upon the subject of democracy of the last 2500 years. And believe me, it was not only the profes-

‘sional pessimists who spoke that

way. 2 Rn ”

VEN out-and-out lovers of

Democracy were upset by their fear that most people are either too indifferent or too sadly

lacking in a feeling of independ- ° ence to take care of their own

interests, and that therefore hey would invariably take the way out and leave the conduct

on the fr defending the ramIn the main, I fear that he was

ay the usurper and rent?

form of Eovemment. And therefore they asked themselves, will the great mass of the people ever make the personal sacrifices nec“essary to ‘maintain a state of ‘affairs which demands that each ‘and every one of them be forever

6 NOMINATED FOR 3 POSTS BY BUTLER *Y’

Butler U fiversity Y. M. Cc. Al

ep Se of Ft. Wayne, Ind,

er Aomifistions were an-

3 hounced today. by Burdette Charles,

their affairs to those who prom- ™

‘ised to relieve them of all furthe feeling of responsibility. !

!

WARREN T P. I ho MEMBERS GET PINS

More than 150 bri are being | given to 4-H Club boys and girls of Warren Township who are completing their first, fifth or. seventh

year of club membership. iit The Warren Township Counc of Parent-Teacher Association presenting the pins. Mrs. Will Wisehart of Shadeland is Council

, | president.

She hag announced that bronze pins are being gi members who have complete first year, 20. silver pins completing their | fifth yea gold pins to those comp ting their seventh year. |

ending in fle” or red with the long

Uni States have an fficial nation il flower?

’ deaths, than ‘Germany | in the World Wat? =

| 4—Which Government ‘agency 1s

‘represented | By jibe initials FHLBB? , 5—On What islana 5 Manila, P. 1.2 6—The of the Parthenon. o of ‘the cropolis are in Athens, or Rome? T—Who was r tn named chaire man of the epublican, finance committee. [

: wers Pe {_No. Examples “fragile; agile; ture | bine, ia

No ’ | 1 3 _v f Lani, Home Loan Bank Board. »| 5—Luzon. 6—Athens. ! T—Emest T. weir,

scesry: to take risks seems un- Er pom entertaining these days 1s. ‘most refreshing. I spent the whole of yesterdd troopshi ii I suppose weeks in Yi give us an opportunity extremely, feminine things, such as jLtet 1. hall sideration id Svea the informal eon for inner growth which nothing else ‘might achieve done and going to tea with a friend. It seemed and so, perhaps, this is one of the ways in which ‘unheard of to have time for anything as Teisuresy the Lord educates his children. When I was a child, -and peaceful as that and ‘we actually ‘drove home | cleared up, Government officials said we had an old nurse who used to say whenever through Rock Creek Park. Just because the air is|there was little to. preven Finns anything particularly unfortunate happened to us: warmer does not mean that the tfees have. begun tof being- brought her e in Whokeioe) Lord Jovett, he chasteneth.” Fcihaps it bud. I’ can’t say’ that I saw signs of spring. | numbers:

usurper and re-establish their old democratic form of government?” ‘Because there exists that terrible thing in the world which is known as htman lethargy, and this particular form of lethargy deadens all they urageous of-. forts ‘with the

y refugees to Ganada on returning| You, will come acres

doubts in the writings all the mel whe i

It the question of transportation is