Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 March 1940 — Page 10

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PAGE 10 Hg

HE INDIA

SURVEY SHOWS | WAGE. AVERAGE $1622 IN 1936

Many Below. WASHINGTON, March 15 (U. P.).

| —A Government survey four years

“in the making shows that two-thirds of all American families lived on an average of $69 a month in 1935 and 1936. The survey inciuded detailed gee ports of income, spending and liviuy standards of 300,000 families, representing a cross-section of 126,000,000 persons.. It was the most detailed and comprehensive survey ever made. Economists studying the results of the survey made by the Bureau of ‘Labor Statistics, the Bureau of “Home Economics and the WPA have learned new facts concerning American living habits. =

$700-$800 Group Largest

There were 4,000,000 families— mostly on relief—who had an average income of only $312 a year. - That was 14 per cent of the national population. Economists estimate that a “decent living standard” for a family of four costs $1200 a year or mere. : ‘ There were another 8,000,000 families—comprising between 25,000,000 and 30,000,000 persons—who had an average income of $758 a year. Thus, it was indicated, 42 per cent of the nation lived on incomes averaging less than $50 a month. Another 7,000,000 families—23 per cent of the total—lived on incomes averaging $100a month. The survey showed that about two-thirds of the nation lived on imcomes of less than $1500 a year and averaging $826. The average income for the nation as a whole was $1622 for each family. The highest 5 per cent in the income bracket had 27 per cent of the national income and the . highest 1 per cent had 14 per cent of the income.

Food Ratio Shown

Thus, the highest 1 per cent had almost as much income as the 40 per cent of the families in the lowest income group, the report said. Fewer than 4 per eent of the famflies in the country had incomes of $4000 or more a year. : The report showed that 4,200,000 families in the lowest income group —14 per cent of all families—bought only 6 per cent of he food consumed e next 27.5 per cent of the population bought 20 per cent of the food. Agriculture Department economists said families receiving $312 spent an average of $1 per person per week for food, while those receiving $1200 a year spent an aver-

Sewers, Lights as

‘Musts.’

By TIM TIPPETT

A tenth of a mile from Indiana's $4,000,000 Fair Grounds lies a section of Indianapolis which has no city water—and, therefore, no fire protection. If a blaze started in many of the homes in this area; which is in the city limits, firehose would have to be laid for three or more blocks to fight it.

organization of residents of this area (bounded by the Millersville Road, Sutherland Ave., 34th St. and Dearborn St.) wants sewers, street lights and fire protection. 5 . Got a Traffic Light Last year they wanted those things plus a traffic light at Keystone Ave. and 38th St. They got the traffic light after a lengthy campaign, but still haven't got what they want most: “The knowledge that fire hydrants line our streets so that we can smell smoke.in the neighborhood without getting pan-

league secretary. City Engineer M. G. Johnson de-

clared that “we have never turned down a request for water when

use the water once it is installed. Says Growth Is Necessary

people on the lines,” he said.

would be prohibitive.

age of $2.18 per person.

League Lists Protection,

The Northeast Civic League, an.

icky,” according to Mrs. Opal Adney,|

Northeast Neighborhood Fears Fires

Se

0.5. ARMY ONLY | 95% PREPARED.

MARSHALL SAYS

A portion of the community which is at the mercy of fire . . . the Coliseum provides the background.

Shock of on Offensive In Europe May Spur Congress to Provide Funds.

By THOMAS M. JOHNSON NEA Service Military Writer

“Of all groups in America, the

most intent on keeping our country|

‘out of war are Congress and the officers of the Army,” said Gen.

George C. Marshall, the Army’s|.

chief of staff. “Now is a critical time. Upon the action taken in Washington these next’ few weeks may well depend the future secur-

lity of our peace-loving people.”

OLOS..

en . aa More than three blocks from some homes . . . ett to Tent) Mrs. Lois Mench and Mrs. Opal Adney.

improvement until they are built up a little more.” Residents of - the neighborhood point out that persons living on

carry their wash water out of their basements because of the lack of a sewer. “My neighbors tell me I'm lucky because I have a drain in the basement and don’t have to carry

there were four or five property owrers in the block who agreed to

“Even if we ordered the Water Co. to place mains there they probably couldn’t afford to do it with so few “You can’t just install water mains for fire protection, because the price

“It is just impossible to give these scattered communities every

Caroline St. are three blocks from

lersville Drive are two blocks away.

could run hose from 39th St.

munity is the need for sewers.

‘8

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VEGETABLE COMPOUND

tain. ~ Helped Finance Sewer

Approximately 10 years ago residents in that area helped finance the 30th St. sewer. “We were told

Jthen that we could be connected to

that sewer,” Mrs. Adney explained. “We have found out since then that we can’t because the sewer won't carry the load.” Those who helped finance the sewer have just completed: their payments, which means they won't be able to finance one for themselves for some’ time, Mrs. Adney added. As in Warfleigh, the Northeast league members are forced to use septic tanks. Several of the residents have had to dig new septic tanks every few years. Heavy rains often flood Orchard Ave. which drains into the Northeast community, “making matters worse, if that is possible.” Wives in the area are forced to

the nearest fireplug (Keystone and 39th St.) and those living on Mil-

The Fire Department said they But “what will happen to a burning house while theyre laying out over 900 feet of hose?” asks the leaguers. Residents of the community now hi re to bé presented to use wells for their household needs. finents, Which are § p Next in importance to the com-

“We don’t mind getting along without a few of the modern conveniences but we want what we are entitled to,” league members main-

my water out. But last week I had to,” Mrs. Adney said. “I think it’s because the ground was so wet. I hope that’s all it is.”

Petitions Are Circulated

The League last week began circulating petitions for the improve-

City officials. “We've asked and asked and petitioned and petitioned

before,” the League members said, “and it hasn’t done any good yet.” But theyre convinced that their only hope is to keep on asking. The “involuntary - blackout” each night is another problem which the League hopes to have solved soon. North of 38th St. there are no street lights and the area is left in darkness after sundown. * Two years age one street light was placed at 39th St. and Keystone Ave. and the League is de-. termined to get more placed through the neighborhood.

Election This Summer

-An election of officers is to be held by the League this summer. Present officers are: Raymond Bolander, president; Ralph. Adney, vice president; Mrs. Adney, secretary, and Delbert Rogge, treasurer. League delegates to ‘the Indianapolis Federation of Community Clubs, of which it is a member, are A.J. Wingenroth, Mr. Bolander, Mr. Adney and Mr. Rogge.

will be held at the Ebenezer Lutheran Church April 2.

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The next meeting of the group |.

Gen. Marshall feels this situation}

deeply, but he does not pound the table like a movie “general.” speaks in a voice quiet and pléas-

ant as his manner and appearance,|

and in his dark business suit looks

like the more vigorous type of “intellectual.” “The Army and Congress are working together today,” he continued. “Not in the mood of 25 years ago when we tried to keep out of war by being weak. That

would be futile now, as many na-

tions have found. ‘We Must Be Strong’

“Since desire for peace seems not to ‘guarantee pedce, and since science and invention are narrowing our protecting oceans, we must be strong, but not bulky or bullying. The army is not preparing to make war on.anyone; it wishes only to do what it is sure our people want done —to set our defensive house in or-

der so that in these lawless times|

no marauder will try to force it.” “Our preparedness measures must be positive, and for the fiscal year ending June .30, 1941, we are now discussing with Congress an appropriation ‘of about $846,000,000. That is a lot of money, but our need for it today dates back to 1918.” Gen. Marshall won fame overseas as a cool planner and driving executive. who ‘was very influential in winning our greatest victory in the Meuse-Argonne battle. He returned home chief aide to General John J. Pershing, whom he now follows as our only “four-star general,” just as Gen. Pershing followed Washington, Grant, Sherman and Shel an. ‘We Are Catching Up’

“At the Armistice we had piles of equipment made hastily and wastefully,” he exclaimed. “From these piles, even after they were obsolete, we largely equipped an army that was a skeleton. “Today we are catching up, but are still less ready for action than was Finland. Today our Army is 25 per cent ready for immediate action; to make it 100 per cent will take 18 months—if u gets the needed money. “Suppose,” said the general, “that one of our cities decided to cut its’ police force to 25 per cent of full

efficiency. Criminals would flocks}

there would be a crime wave then

a public demand for protection—|

and quite naturally. We can see

the crime wavue across‘a shrinking

ocean. “Now is the time to get a 100 per cent police force. And like a police force, an army consists of men, who can protect their community at minimum loss to themselves if there are enough of them, well-trained enough, and well-equipped enough.

Army Was Badly Equipped

*We entered the World War with a skeleton army which we had to fill up hurriedly with men partially trained and variously armed, largely by our allies. “For the first time in’ peace, as many as possible of our regular soldiers and officers who have been scattered over the country piecemeal, have been concentrated in the sort of unit in which they would fight, a battle team. “Learning teamwork in maneuvers now under way in the south, they will teach all the rest of us, for with their practical experience we can eliminate theory, and vitalize the whole army. “Our battle team is even now, by European standards, only. a midget

team “But it will include infantry, cavalry, mechanized .force—everything—integrated into corps. There will be 70,000 enlisted regulars of our total of 227,000, but of our National Guardsmen none of the 235,000 enlisted men and only a few higher officers can be present.”

New Shock Needed

Although the regular army and National Guard combined total 462,000, only 400,000 would be available initially as a: protective force for the continental United States, and this is hardly enough, in this -writer’s opinion. Its increase to near a million, including reserves, seemed probable after Poland’s downfall shocked the country into realizing its weakness. Now, probably another shock is needed to turn the 227,000 regulars into the 280,000 authorized by law—and essential. But that shock—the spring offensive in Eflrope—may force Congress to consider such an increase. i

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