Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 December 1939 — Page 10

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The Indianapolis Times ’ (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

MARK FERREE Business Manager

ROY W. HOWARD RALPH BURKHOLDER President Editor = Price in Marion County, 3 cents a copy; delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week.

Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Co, 212 W. Maryland St.

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RILEY 5551

Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1939

DER TAG FOR SOCIAL SECURITY

NEW YEAR'S DAY will usher in not only a new year 3 but, literally, a new era. For on that date there goes into operation the pension-paying machinery of the Social Security Board's old-age insurance branch. No checks will be delivered before Feb. 1, but the wheels start turning with the stroke of midnight that banishes 1939. And thus for poor and rich and the rest of us alike, there is inaugurated a vast system of self-earned benefits for old age, a system administered by the Government but financed by our own wage tax and our employers’ payroll tax. Pension checks would not have started out until 1942,

except for Congress’ action last summer in amending the Social Security Act of 1935. Also, if Congress had not acted, | the 1 per cent tax on payrolls and pay envelopes would have gone up on New Year's Day; now it is frozen for three

more years at 1 per cent. And the growth of the social security reserve fund, which under the original act was ‘threatening to reach colossal proportions eventually, has been wisely checked by the twin processes of speeding up outgo and limiting intake. Congress will have more amending to do as the oldage insurance system feels its way. But the beginning has been made in a tremendous social innovation,

LAND OF LIBERTY

HE drama, besides being a source of entertainment, has long been a medium of enlightenment, argument and expression of opinion. In the long history of civilization it has played almost as big a part in influencing public thought, exposing political and social evils and nurturing reforms as have books and the press. It has had the advantage of being able to appeal to the non-reader or the seldom-reader.

From the time of the Greek dramatists up through the | age of the moralities, the Elizabethan satires, the immortal | plays of Shakespeare, the devastating messages of Ibsen, the powerful peace arguments of “Journey’s End” and the “Big Parade’—all the way from Aeschylus to Eugene O'Neill and Maxwell Anderson and Hollywood—the drama has been a great public force. Today the drama reaches its greatest breadth of influence through two new vehicles of expression—motion pictures and radio. The stage, in short, is as much a. part of speech and press and thought as are books, magazines, newspapers and the right of petition. : sn » FJ 2 ” ” Out in Chicago an American Federation of Labor leader, James C. Petrillo, has just forced the stage to bow before his powers of censorship. Hating John L. Lewis, head of the rival C. I. O., Mr. Petrillo has used his position as head of the Chicago Federation of Musicians to force the deletion of references to Mr. Lewis from the script of “George White's Scandals” and from the text of “The Man Who Came to Dinner,” a play by George S. Kaufman. The managements of the two shows bowed before an ultimatum that Mr. Lewis’ name must be eliminated or the musicians would be called out on strike. ” » 8 2 = " If Petrillo can get away with this assault of free speech, then why stop with the drama? It would be equally easy to force the elimination of Mr. Lewis’ name from a radio program. A. F. of L. unionists, had they the desire to follow Petrillo’s example, could refuse to print a newspaper or magazine or book containing references to Mr. Lewis. Or the powerful and notorious Willie Bioff, once convicted of sharing in the earnings of a harlot working in a dive where he was a bartender, might force the movies to change their scenarios under the threat of a strike by the amusement union which he rules. Nor need these potential assaults on free speech and press be directed only at Mr. Lewis. This precedent can be used to cover any person or subject on the taboo list. If the deed done by the tsar of the Chicago musicians’ union stands without challenge and reversal, there is no telling where the movement thus started may end. And, in conclusion, may we speculate on what would happen if the theater managers in these two cases were to fire their union musicians for daring to censor the productions, and hire other musicians in their stead ? Wouldn't that be a discharge—under precedents set by the Labor Board—for union activities? And therefore an unfair labor practice? Sweet land of liberty!

THE GALLANT FINNS

ARFARE, which has become a mechanical business, is regaining some of the glamour of the Trojan Horse and Daniel Boone eras, at the hands of the resourcefu Finns. ; Writes Correspondent Webb Miller from Finnish general headquarters: “The Finns have put some of their night patrols on skates, which enable them to glide silently across the ice to the Russian lines, invisible in their white cloaks, and harass the Russian troops.” : Other stories have told of the ski attacks of the whiterobed Finns, who glide out of the woods on the unsuspecting Bolsheviks and quietly knife them. White trucks, ambulances and trains move almost invisibly across the snowcovered country. Snow-covered warriors lie if holes and toss grenades under the treads of advancing Russian tanks. Householders evacuating Finnish towns pour water over their homes to spread a coating of ice and thus prevent fire. Here is warfare to rival the novels of Kenneth Roberts and Fenimore Cooper, of Anthony Hope and H. G. Henty. No wonder the ill-led Russians are reported to believe that there is something supernatural working against them. And spirit it is—the spirit of a brave people using every resource

{ chairman of the board.

Fair Enough

By Westbrook Pegler

Petrillo, John L. Lewis' Censor, Gets $25,000 Yearly From Union; And He Really Tries to Earn It, Too.

EW YORK, Dec. 30.—It was no sudden sense of power which emboldened Jimmy Petrillo, the president of the Chicago Federation of Musicians, to censor three theatrical shows so as to eliminate mention of John L. Lewis of the C. I. O. Jimmy admits that he is a dictator, but insists that he is a good dictator and refuses to speculate as to what evil might be done were he to die abruptly and his powers taken over by some person less conscientious

and wise. However, he abhors Mr. Lewis as one who would become a bad dictator of the labor movement. Mr. Petrillo is respected in Chicago, where the labor movement sometimes is preyed upon by criminals of whom Willie Bioff, the boss of the mechanical side of the movies and the stage of the entire United States, is a typical specimen. Jimmy gets $25,000 a year and works full time for his union, even in his political role as member of the Park Board. & & =» E is so alert to turn up a dollar in pay for the + treasury of his union that a resident of Chicago, sitting down to play a few bars on the piano in his own home, has a feeling that he is likely to receive a bill next day for a full night's wages of Jimmy's musicians.

Not so long ago the Chicago Daily News imported from China a little animal called a giant panda. The newspaper arranged a bit of ceremony to solemnize its arrival, and someone thought it would be appropriate that a detachment of Chinese Boy Scouts turn out and blow a few bugle notes at the

| railroad station. The Chinese Boy Scouts were on

the job ready to bugle when a representative of Jimmy's union phoned the paper to say that if so few as one of them blew a single bleat the paper

| would get a bill for a day’s wages for eight musicians,

payable to the treasury of the Chicago Federation of Musicians. ” » ”

BOUT this’ time the panda came in and the Chinese Boy Scouts blared their welcome, so the financial tribute automatically became due, but I believe that was one case in which Jimmy's union missed a tackle. Be that as it may, the demand was typical of Jimmy’s attitude. He is a strong advocate of the stand-by system whereby union men must be paid for doing work if there is work to be done, or for the time it would take them to do over work which has already been done by other union men elsewhere. Jimmy is proud of his success in getting $80,000 a year of the taxpayers’ money for public concerts. He holds that these concerts have raised the cultural level of Chicago, and thus have been worth the money, but he was less considerate one day a few weeks ago when Mr. Matt Taylor of the elevator operators and starters’ union appeared before the Park Board to demand $24,000 a year in stand-by pay for men who would have been employed in the buildings of the Park Board if the board had not installed esculators and self-service elevators. The principle was the same, but Jimmy denounced Ir. Taylor and his demand was turned down,

Inside Indianapolis

Concerning Mr. Eli Lilly, Scientist, Businessman and Historian of Note.

ROFILE of the week: Eli Lilly, scientist, business executive, archaeologist, historian, gentleman farmer, and sailor. Yes, that's the president of the great pharmaceutical laboratories. But those are not his only distinetions. - His friends still puzzle over his secret of ‘kéeping white linen suits immaculate on the sultriest summer days. Eli Lilly is one of the city’s hardest working business men. As a matter of fact, he learned the business from the ground up. Back in 1907 when he was 22 (yes, he’ll be 55 next April 1) he graduated from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. He started at the Eli Lilly plant as a bottle washer. Honest. He made himself indispensible. By 1915 he was superintendent of the plant. He became president in 1932 when his father, Josiah Kirby Lilly, became He personally has devised many operations in the plant and although he can take it easy if he wants to, he works nearly every day. He has a passion for fairness to employees. And he has the faculty of picking the right man for the right job. ” = 2

THE LILLY FAMILY runs to hobbies. J. K. Sr., for instance, is famous the world over for his collections of Stephen Foster works. J. K. Jr. collects rare first editions. Eli has three major hobbies. The chief one probably is archaeology. He is a recognized authority on Indian life in Indiana and he has two or more men working all the time digging up Indian mounds and adding to his store of relics, most of which have been given to museums. He is the author cf “Prehistoric Antiquities of Indiana.” Hobby No. 2 is scientific farming, which runs in the family. He has a big farm on both sides of White River along the Noblesville Road where he raises high grade percherons, shorthorns and hogs. Hobby No. 3 is sailing small boats. He has won many cups in meets at Wawassee. Typical of him is the story about a new type of sail. He immediately got two boats, equipped one with new sail, one with the old. the other under identical conditions so that he could get a perfect test. He always stands very erect and he walks with a springy step. He has beetling black brows and what best can be referred to as an ultra baid head. His face is geniai. And his idea of a nice lunch is a tongue sandwich and a piece of apple pie.

#% ” #

RAY ALLEN, the Ford branch manager here, who has been promoted to assistant general sales manager of the Ford Co., was given a big sendoff yesterday by a group of colleagues. . . Donald D. Burchard, who handles Butler's athletic promotion, is laid up with chicken pox. ... One socially prominent gentleman who is giving a big New Year’s party was asked yesterday if he was to be assisted by anyone. . . . “No,” he replied, “my customers will just assist themselves. Of course, they may have to be assisted out.”

A Woman's Viewpoint By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

NE of the most pathetic women of our time is the Countess Barbara Hutton Haugwitz-Revent-low. At the moment, we are told, she is in Florida, where after the customary 90 days she will obtain her Soeon divorce so she can make a third matrimonial venture.

The average woman envies the Countess because she has so much money. Unfortunately we have been burdened with a belief that the possession of great wealth is bound to bring us everything we want, even though there are so many individuals whose behavior discredits the notion. The way they go about seeking for intangible treasures, which are not within the power of money to buy, ought to prove how empty their lives must be of real riches—the sort which flow from a contented spirit and a satisfied heart.

Restless, on the defensive, bent upon a perpetual quest for spiritual satisfaction, the possessors of huge fortunes who have not been taught that money is more of a responsibility than an asset, are often among the unhappiest of people. Women especially never find heart's ease in material possessions. In the first place they aren’t financially ambitious nor interested in acquiring economic power or in changing national boundaries. They

of generations—love that endures, the joy of serving others, and the full exercise of their maternal urges —and let us remember that the last is possible whether one has children or not. How true it is that the only things we keep are those we give away! And that goes for assets which

to overcome the disadvantages of ‘numbers and machinery.

i \

have nothing) to do with money,

~

He sailed one, got a friend to pilot |

want, instead, those immemorial things which have | contributed to feminine contentment for thousands |

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

1940 Census Coming Up

EXPECT

REMAIN THIS

SATURDAY, DEC. 30, 1939 ©

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RESIDENCE?

STICK TO THE SCRIPT

Ed

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The Hoosier Forum

I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

[FAVORS HELPING NEEDY | AMERICANS FIRST |By U. S. Veteran | We send money to help the Finns; "we will do anything to fight for the capitalists; but we will let the people in Cleveland barely exist—even starve. Instead of worrying about foreign affairs, there's plenty :of| distress and hunger here in the geod, old U. S. A. = n ” SAYS HE FIGHTS ONLY POLITICAL TYRANNY By Voice in the Crowd Appreciative of the criticism by Mr. Edwards of Spencer, I wish to ‘make a few comments in the interlest of being better understood. Most of us are sinners in our (viewpoints. Some speak from expe-| (rience and some from the way they| (reason things out. I am sincere and IT speak from experience. Born in |poverty, I was wealthy before middle ‘age, but was unhappy until I was |flat broke and starting life anew.

I have no desire for wealth or {big profits. I know from experience [the difficulties confronting the small |businessman in a day when big and [little businessmen are supposed to be exploiters and robbers. I do not wish to be thwarted in my ambition to build a business that will be secure and bring security to everyone | working in it. I believe too that individual greed

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Make your letter short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed, but names. will be withheld on request.)

less money and pay higher wages to more people? Industry is economical; you need not fear it even in bigness; but you can shake in your boots before centralized political power. I believe we have 60 per cent too much Federal Government and that state and local political leadership should: he on a strong leash. I may be reactionary, but reactionary from what? Political tyranny was objectionable in 1776 and why should ‘we like it now? ” n ” : FAVORS PEACE BID BY RUSSIA AND GERMANY By E. R. Egan ‘ Hitler's latest trump bid—repa-

triating Germans to insure “peace,” should give pause for reflection. . . . If the German military arm was not eternally grabbing for more recruits the German would have no

more. trouble than any other nation’s representative. And in this| connection it is pertinent to ob- |

Germany and. incidentally Russia making a peace of co-operation, a real disarmament program which would go a long way towards a comprehensive economic program the real base for a lasting peace. This race racket based upon nothing more than insufferable conceit and ignorance is productive of nothing but strife and poverty without even a consciousness of its menace. A lasting peace may be had upon the recognition of the ' rights. of other nations to existence mindful of the fact bonuses are not offered in progressive nations for cannon fcdder before subsistence is provided for the same. Fake overtures for peace are only wasting time and resources.

8. 9 ” RESENTS CRITICISM OF TRUSTEE SYSTEM By Arthur S. Mellinger There is much “heat” now being turned upon the trustees of Indiana. I am not saying the system is perfect. It is what we have evolved after many years of experiment in government. ’ This publicity is only a clever scheme by the New Deal to cast odium upon local relief administration. In the vernacular—passing the buck. The coming campaign will revolve around the methods money is spent for various social reforms. Here in Indiana I think we have had about as many corrupt Federal relief “employees” as we have

|should be subordinate to the gen-| serve that a good base for political | trustees, so you can’t condemn the

{eral welfare and I seriously point | ‘out to you that the individualism of | {today that is greedy for wealth and | | power lies with the political bigwigs | (and the leaders of the pressure] groups, and that makes it all politiical. I do not believe in liberals {who are not self-sacrificing and who crave money by the billion dollars | land have much of it wasted through [the “spoils system,” and then lay| | this debt as a burden on labor and | capital enterprise. -- 1 I do not believe in the “liberal” | {viewpoint that if we produce less | and spend more we will have a more | abundant -life. Morgenthau the) (other day said, “Sixty per cent of] [the consumer's dollar is going for | | Federal taxes and that is enough.” Now, isn’t that a big price to pay to a “liberal administration” to save| you from the industrial tycoons who | continually give more service for!

stability in Europe would begin with |

system on that score. . . .

New Books at the Library

HY are some of us introverts and others extroverts? Whv are we attracted forcibly to some people while others arouse aversion in us? If you go to a psychologist for a personal analysis, what emotional factors would affect the ‘rating? Is there a connection between the individual's physical endowment and tne peculiarities, mental and emotional, which make him at least a little difierent from every other person ever born? For the reader of popular psychology, interested in understanding himself and in developing skill to

Side Glances—By

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analyze the characteristics of others, David Seabury’s “Why We Love and Hate” (Whittlesey) offers valuable information. In his previous books, among which are “Uns masking Our Minds,” “What Makes Us Seem So Queer?” ‘Adventures in Self-Discovery,” and “Help Yourself to Happiness,” the author successfully combined analysis of human conduct, its motivations and aberrations, with suggestions along philosophical lines for the increase of efficiency ard greater mental and spiritual well-being. “Why We Love and Hate” is much more technical and complex. Rigid tests for the emotional dominants accompany the various chapters on depth of thought, memory, imagination, fear—all the parts of character which together make the sum total of individual perscnality. Many famous people are analyzed and classified startlingly to the layman—queens, presidents, poets, and statesmen, musicians and artists, from Queen Victoria and Marie Antoinette to Napoleon, Calvin Coolidge and Kaiser Wilhelm, from Sarah Bernhardt to Richard Strauss. Since the author’s ultimate aim is to help indecisive or ill-adjusted temperaments establish a firm basis of harmony in all human relationships, he - emphasizes throughout the text the vital importance of the old injunction, “Know thyself!” When we acquire self-knowledge, he reiterates, we can live, love, work and achieve far more happily and successfully.

THE NEW YEAR By ROBERT O. LEVELL

Greet us New Year with your cheer, Make us glad and happy here, Rejoicing with all our might Make the entire year so bright.

Fill it all for all the way With a glad and happy day, Extending the way you should Give us all that’s real and good.

"DAILY THOUGHT

Many waters (cannot quench love, neither can the floods drown it: if a man would give all the substance of his house for love, it would utterly be contemned.— Solomon's Song 8:7.

OVE was to his impassioned soul, not a mere part of its ex-

‘|istence, but the whole, the very life-breath of his heart.—Moore,

Gen. Johnson Says—

4 Bills Aimed at Freedom of Speech Now Before Congress Could Cause’ Mischief and Should Be Modified.

ASHINGTON, Dec. 30.—Four bills affecting

freedom of speech have passed the House. Two of them have been favorably reported to the Senate and could be bum’s rushed through to become laws in a few days. They need an airing, . Freedom of speech is not an absolute right. To take an extreme case, an army officer who gave the ° command “Fire!” on an innocent crowd in the street couldn't defend himself frem a murder charge on the ground of freedom of speech. Yet, what about a man preaching from a soap box that we ought to elect Earl Browder and amend the Constitution to embrace Communism. If he is jailed for a felony, then Patrick Henry and Benjamin Franklin were criminals long before there was any American revolution. Obviously, the extent to which freedom of speech can be permitted or curtailed is a question of degree. -

| Degree of what? It seems quite clear that it is a | degree of danger which can be averted if mouths are

shut and brought on if they spout freely. s = 2 XACTLY that was the doctrine for which Justice Holmes stood when, under our espionage acts,

during the World War, we went hysterical and sent

men to the penitentiary for privately questioning our justification for entering the war. At first, the Supreme Court agreed that “the - question in every case is whether the words are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress had a right to prevent. It is a question of proximity and degree.” That was the doctrine until legislatures began to make it criminal to use certain kinds of words criticizing or advocating changes in forms of government—no matter where or how spoken—in peace or war—and regardless of whether they are dangerous or merely unpopular. Then Justices Holmes and Brandeis insisted on sticking to the rule of “clear and present danger” but a majority of the ‘court held that if they merely have a bad seditious tendency and the law prohibits or punishes them, they must not be spoken whether there is any danger in them or not. u = ”n . HESE bills write into the statutes the latter rule. They are the product of the country’s righteous indignation over subversive activity by alien Communists. They may ride to passage on the tide of that resentment. Such violations of the spirit of the Bill of Rights ought not to be written on the occasion of such hateful classes of cases because in the heat and hysteria of war, if they are on the books, they will be used in a much wider field. : There are two very vital matters before Congress closely affecting constitutional private rights. One is the Logan bill providing prompt and cheap court review of such bureaucratic tyranny as the National Labor Relations Board. That ought to pass. The ° other is this cluster of bills which contain possible dangerous encroachments on the rights of freedom of the press, speech and assembly—the Smith, McCormick, Dempsey and Hobbs bills. They ought never to pass in their present form. .

WPA Fight

By Bruce Catton

Trouble Due in Congress if Effort Is Made to ‘Cut Appropriation.

(Second of a Series)

ASHINGTON, Dec. 30.—One of the bitterest of the congressional battles in the coming Congress will certainly center around WPA. Has the time come to cut down on appropriations for this Federal work program? A’ concerted effort will be made to do so, and it is even reported that the White House is favorable to such reduction. * At present, what with the business pickup, WPA is living within the reduced budget voted it last spring. It apparently will not ask a deficiency appropriation. But before the coming session ends, there will be WPA trouble. Inside the WPA there is a feeling that last spring's cut was too drastic, that it is just barely getting by at present, and that any further cuts would be disastrous. There is further a feeling that WPA may even need more money during the rest of this fiscal year. The Ohio relief tangle, with ominous presidential suggestions of moving in with soup kitchens to avert actual suffering, will lend color to the suggestion that greater rather than smaller WPA appropriations are necessary. The Wage-Hour law is certain to get a strong combing-over. Last winter a strong movement in the House had already developed, aimed at exemptions, for farming, picking, processing, and packing trades.

Wagner Act Too Hot

This fall the National Association of Manufacturers drew up a further formal complaint .that the present law obstructs re-employment without any compensating increase in industrial efficiency. The Wage-Hour law has devoted friends and influential enemies in Congress, and some attempt to rewrite the law completely is almost certain. It is almost equally certain that a determined attempt will be made in the House to. modify the Wagner Act. But that is election-year dynamite, and it seems far more likely that both houses will postpone action, using as an excuse the uncompleted Smith investiga=tion of the NLRB, rather than go to the roots of the Wagner act and establish it on any radically different basis.

bS

NEXT—Reciprocal trade agreements.

Watching Your Health

By Jane Stafford

GOOD many persons may abuse their eyes with= out knowing it by bad habits of using them. One of these is the habit of holding objects too near the eyes to increase visibility. The proper distance to hold your book or your sewing is given as 12 to 14 inches from the eyes. If you have trouble seeing distinctly at that distance, you should see an -eye doctor. 3 Most people are guilty of the bad habit of reading, or using the eyes for other close work, with the head bent forward. This is said to cause ocular congestion. In time, it will also lead to an unattractive posture. If you do much reading, it is better for the eyes to have thé book propped up to a slanting position. When bending the head. is unavoidable,as in working over a microscope, doctors advise raising the head from time to time. . Another bad habit is reading small print on a moving train, or looking too much at rapidly moving objects from the windows of a speeding train or automobile. This tires the muscles of accommodation and the muscles that control the motion of the eyeballs. , Reading in a recumbent posture may be hard on the eyes. The posture of the head may cause congestion and the external muscles of the eye may be strained in looking downward. There is also the likelihood of the light not falling properly on the type’ when you read in a recumbent posture. For reading in bed, the book should be propped up to be nearly on a level with the eyes, the light should be at the

head of the bed, and the body should be in a semi-

sitting position, rather than flat on the back. Excessive use of the eyes for near work may cause strain even in normal eyes. Indoor workers who use their eyes constantly for close work are advised to take reaction in outdoor exercise, for the beneficial change it gives the eyes as well as for other benefits of such recreation, LUTE For close work, the light should be arranged make vision easy without harming the eyes. Ir" ficient light, flickering light, shadows elar all to be avoided. + ef eeeam——

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