Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 October 1939 — Page 9
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fain stream.
‘Hoosier ‘Vagabond
‘By Ernie Pyle}
: GOLD BEACH, Ore, oct. 9.—The Rogue River is boat in the rush freight season has made three round-
many things. It is a treacherous and bounding mounIt cuts through one~of our few re‘maining frontiers. It is a lan’s paradise. And it Is the path of one of the‘oddest U. S. Mail routes Tlie in America. This route runs from Gold Beach, on the coast, up to Agness, 32. ‘miles inland. People have been ‘living back there in the mountains for 50 years, and -until recently the only way fo get there was by boat. For many years Indians car- * ried the mail up the river. First <= it took as long as three days.
Finally they got it cut down to:
‘one long day. They had to pole - their boats through the slower riffles, get out and drag them around the bigger rapids. nine years ago the: Government called for bids: on round-trip daily service. The Indians’ Sqpment wasn’t. fast enough. ‘The contract fell-fo a man named Roy Carter. He built special boats. They * "are really. hi .made speed hosts —open-io , wide-bellied., ‘bottomed. They are e trucks, fast like a ‘hounds. He slung big. ph engines into their
open holds. He rigged up a rear-end apparatus by
.which the propeller cah be raised in shallow rapids. Seats are removable; the boats can carry 16 people, or a caterpillar tractor, and do 28 miles: an hour, The line has done a. terrific amount of work: It now ‘has seven boats, and there have been times. when all seven made the round trip every day for weeks on end. #
Five Pilots Employed
‘They hauled in all the heavy steelwork for a big suspension. bridge near Agness. They hauled up a complete CCC camp. The.camp was the most*isolated one in America, but it worked’ itself out by building a road over the mountains for 37 miles to the north. ‘So now you can get from Gold Beach to Agness either in two hours by boat or by driving all day over ‘rough roads for 150 miles. Most people lake the boat. - ‘A dozen years ago, the boat fare up to Agness was $25, one way. Today it is $3, round-trip. One single
NEW YORK, Oct. 9.—It seems: to me that trade tnionists .in America will be wise to: make an immediate peace between themselves af practically any price.- One war at a time is enough, and the Committee for Industrial Organization and the American Federation of Labor should not continue to fight each other during days when the repercussions of Europe tend to divide Americans into opposite camps. The &ntinuance of the labor struggle is bad for the nation and could be fatal to the unionists. But one of the worst ways of attempting to make peace is the business of throwing out certain groups and individuals because of a disagreement over economic or political philosophies. To be specific, I can think of no method better calculated to bring disruption into labor union ranks than the drive which the American Labor Party has begun against all “communistic” elements and Michael Quill in particular. I read a report of a speech by Mr. Quill which seemed to me very silly. If he were correctly reported he declared that while Hitler is bad, Chamberlain is even worse. Chamberlain and Hitler are not fighting the war. The issue is deeper and concerns currents far more fundamental than the views or personality of any individual, no matter what his immediate power. # 2 8B
Doesn't Like the British
But the thing is extraneous. Michael Quill probably is emofionally committed against all things English, since he ‘was wounded by the Black and Tans in -the Easter rebellion. So much for that.
Washington
WASHINGTON, Oct. 9.—British censors, who have been holding back with iron hand so much war news, have relented sufficiently to pass a number of sniping shots against the effort over here to create a safety belt that might help to keep the European war out of
waters around the Western Hemisphere. An Admiralty shokedann is permitted ‘to say that Great Britain and Prance “could not accept” any restriction on the right of their warships to enter American territorial waters. Tne potifical London ‘Times solemnly warns that any attempt by the * American ‘Navy to enforce the . safety zone would “amount to an act. of war and nothing else.” Lord Lothian, ihe British Ambassador here; puts on his old catspaw heels and slips into the State Department to see Secretary Hull, and to give him, no doubt, a word of fatherly advice—an- old British custom. Now isn’t it too bad? Imagine us not wanting to have part of the European: war fought around the ‘shores of the continent!
, 0» »
Our Sacrifices Are:Many :
We are willing—and are in process of enacting legislation—to keep American citizens and American ships out- of European waters. Over here we think there is elbow room for the war on the continent of ‘Europe, and in the North Sea, the Baltic and the ‘waters around Europe. We are willing to sacrifice. “trade and shipping in order to stay out of their way while they fight it out. It doesn’t come with good grace from the British Admiralty to be getting tough about this at the very time when the Administration is working to lift the arms Snbareasolely to give a break to the British
My Day
WASHINGTON, Sunday—Every time I fly across the mountain ranges and deserts, I realize what a great country is ours. The trip on Friday was interesting and colorful. Near Phoenix, Ariz, I saw some of the Government homesteads and camps. An
official -from the Farm Security Administration, who happened to be on the plane, told me they were working out successfully. I managed to do a great deal of reading on this trip. There is an autobiography dictated by. Dan Beard, “who is now about 80 years old, which you will find delightful ‘if you are interested in stories of the people who made our country and the recollections of a man who has lived a long and’ interesting life. I think you will also enjoy a novel by Rose Pranken, called “Claudia.” This story’ of a young married couple will give many people & chance to say: “Why, that's just what happened to us” or “How ‘funny—we did just the same » “ = a record of everyday life, but the people who lived: this daily round were rather unusual youngsters. A: few of the sentences from
a ihe bok renmsin With me and so 1 pass them on. all
But:
trips—nearly 200 miles—between daylight and dark.
The line has five regular pilots, and two cthers who:
take freight boats only. Earl Johnson, “the chief pilot, has made the round trip almost every day for
the last nine years. He knows every rock and bend in|
the river. ; The other four regu pilots are. Indians, all brothers—Leonard, Tom, ‘and Marion Fry—and if you're an Indian along the Rogue and your name isn’t Fry, you really are not of the first family. In nine years, the line has lost only two boats. And they were both freight boats, overloaded. The line has
- used as much as 50,000: gallons of gasoline in one;
month. Its big passenger season used to be in the fall, taking up fishermen and hunters. But-in the last couple .of years the trip has become so well-known as a marvelous scenic experience that’ tourists have run the passenger peak up into July and August. 2 s 8, 8 »
Maintain Daily Service ge
“The . boats -run all winter, rain or shine. .The
| Rogue never freezes. Or rather, it did freeze' a few
i years ago above Agness, but that didn’t affect the boat
schedule. All the Indians thought the world had come f
to an end, for they never had seen, ice before,
The hoats make about 20 RB. F. D. mail stops on| throw
the way up. They just slide along the bank; out a sack for somebody in the ‘woods, and roar on without really stopping. At one place there is a dog that meets the boat every day and carries the mail sack in its mouth .back to its master.
The boat line has carried many odd things. It|
‘once took up an automobile to give an oldtimer back
there in the hills his first ‘auto ride: The boats have].
carried out many dead people, and one murderer.
Many people have been lost in the Rogue, but}:
never anyone riding with the pilots of the mail line. People have brought their own boats here, people who were good river-men elsewhere, and iried to go up by themselves.
They have fought it upstream sometimes for as !
much as a weeks made only a few miles, and finally had to drift back, defeated. And then they .would get in the mail boat as passengers and be in ,Agness in two hours. ‘Which proves that anything is easy. if you know how to do it.
By Heywood Broun
3 .
But it-also happens that Mr. Quill is a, singularly . able member of the Council of New York City and by many leagues the most successful leader the transport workers have ever had. The problems of the wages and hours in the subways and along the taxicab front are not going to be fought out around the Polish border or on the West Wall between France and Germany. If I were a motorman or a conductor or a hack man I. would certainly consider Quill’s leadership solely on the basis of what he has done for the union.
~
As far as I can gather, I disagree with Quill utterly| in the international situation. But I have seen him|
in action along the’ local front. I have heard him in the Council and at‘meetings of his own unions and others.. Invariably he has spoken with wisdom and with eloquence. He has striven to promote unity and to win better conditions for the employees. # z 8
An Asset to the Union
And when it comes to. municipal government, Quill has been a tower of strength in the fight for aid to the unemployed and for immediate programs for better housing. The proof of a labor leader is in his per-
formance and not what he is supposed to read or think in his off hours. Trades unionists will be both sheep and goats if
théy take counsel now from men and forces which.
“have never had the slightest sympathy with organization. - I do not refer to the American Labor Party, although, in my opinion, it errs grievously when it introduces a resolution on the European situation and says, in effect, “Support this or get out.” I would have voted for the resolution as printed. I would have been for the condemnation of the Soviet Republic by American trades unionists. But I would hardly have taken the attitude that the thing was not debatable.
By Raymond Clapper
and French. American public sentiment is overwhelmingly in Britain's corner and is discreetly silent about the war debt and the British blacklist of dozens of firms in Latin America. This safety belt “proposition is widely misunderstood. It is not an attempt to push the technical three-mile limit hundreds of miles out to sea. ‘In the
strictly legal sense, that limit is left just where it was}.
Placed by Jefferson, who set it at three miles because that was as far as a cannon could shoot in his «day. We still leave it there, although modern weapons of war have ranges that make the: three-mile limit|. obsolete. ”
Ample Precedent Claimed
It is not a change in the three-mile limit, which still, technically, remains the limit of territorial wa-
ters. What was done in the Declaration of Panama was to assert that the American republics have “special rights” in adjacent waters—extending out ‘considerably beyond that. :- The line has been set 200 ta 300 miies out to take in inter-American trade routes so that shipping between North and South America may mcve back afid forth within this protected area. The arrangement exempts British and French possessions in the Western Hemisphere. It permits the warships of belligerents to travel within the safety zone and asks only that they behave themselves. Authorities in. international law say thére are precedents for naval patrols far offshore. Something similar was done, they say, when the campaign against the Barbaly pirates was undertaken on the North African coast, and again‘ when _the United States and Great Britain co-operated in suppressing slave traffic.
# #
Nobody is trying to shut off the British and French!
possessions over here. order ir this area. Let Lord Lothian tip off. his Gevernment not ts be Satin like a gang of Nazis.
It is only an attempt to keep
By Eleanor Roosevelt
“‘But you pay so much when. you love like: this,’ Claudia whispered. : “Then pay it, darling. Don’t be niggardly with life. Open your arms to it. Be friends with happiness and be friends with pain’’* “Then ‘again, “everything you have in life is only lent you—a loan is more precious than’ a gift a brings with it a greater obligation.” How many of us, I wonder, in our daily relationships ‘think of our time together as a loan? Tt mgnt considerably change some of the things which we do. My day in, Pt. Worth, Texas, yesterday was really
Europe Needs
What U.S.
Has
(First of a Series)
By David Dietz
Scripps-Howard Science Editor
ACK of Hitler's concern for the German minorities of erstwhile Czechoslovakia and Poland, back of Stalin's sudden anxiety for the welfare of the White Russians and the Ukrainians is a keen interest in coal and iron and oil
‘and rubber.
Coal and iron, oil and rubber, raw materials—that's
what the shooting is all about.
This is one more war between the “hdves” and the
“have-nots,”
Anschluss with Austria, absorption of Czechoslova-
kia, seizing of the Polish Corridor were only preliminaries
in the Hitler dream ' of world power. Coal and iron,
oil and rubber and dozens
of other raw materials will be necessary to make that dream come true. . And once Great Britain and France become convinced that Hitler. was seeking, not merely the territory of Austria or Czechoslov a - : kia or Poland, * but the sinews of world pow‘er, war became inevitable. And it is the possession. of those mineral resources which in all probability will define the outcome of the present war. Blitzkreig — lightning war—was possible agajnst the poorly equipped forces: of ‘Poland. - It has not been possible against the powerful Maginot line of France or the majestic navy of ° Great: Britain.
David Dietz
” ”» 2 T was the possession of mineral resources that finally settled the last Worid War, once the nations had settled down grimly to a war of attrition. There was, of
course, a time when the German gray battalions had all but battered their "way thro the
French and British lines, a time
when unrestricted submarine warfare nearly brought’ England to her knees.
But in the end superior resources counted. The superb performance -
of American troops upon the West-
WPA APPROVES 4 INDIANA PROJECTS,
Four prec "WPA projects
totaling $364,742 have been approved |
during the last week, John K. Jennings, - State WPA Administrator, said today. The largest approved pro
construction of a municipal airport at Bloomington. Under “proposed
plans, the airport would be used to
train student pilots at Indiana University under Civil Aeronautics Authority supervision. The city of Bloomingter is sponsoring the ect. :. Other approved. projects are: Matthews, Grant County—$53,350 for ' construction of a waterworks system, sponsored by the town ‘of
‘delightful, in spite of the fact that the Texas climate Matthews.
is warmer than one expects it to be +i this season|
of ‘the year. The .two grandchildren "are very attractive and I. am always fascinated when I hear “Tony,” aged three, solemnly address me as “Grand-, mother Roosevelt.” Ruth: and I went to the broadcasting station in the afternoon and listened to Elliott's broadcast. As he had to do this twice, ance'at 6: 15 and again at 9, 1 was interested in seeing what was done in the control room. We sat through the first broadcast in| ‘the room with him, and the second- time we listened |
over the radio in his office. His voice is toned down, |S
whereas the announcer’s voice is given more-volume, ‘all oy the proper use of machinery in the gorrol
East Chicago—$13,426 for preparation of a cross-indexed file of police|® records, sponsored by the East Chiccgo Police rtment. South Be $5864 for preparation o. records in South Bend public of-
fices, sponsored by the oy of South i era. estimate, 8 © director of Te-|
Bend. | ‘SCHOOL "CLUB TO MEET | BEDFORD, Ind. Oct. 9.—The
ern Front convinced a Germany already half-starved and reduced to hundreds of “ersatz’—substitute—products that further resistance was useless.
Most dispassionate observers are of the opinion that mineral resources will again end the present war. To understand what may happen, it is necessary to understand the mineral situation of the world. In doing this, we must consider the position of the United States, too, since the repeal of the embargo’ legislation and the restoration of the “cash-and-carry” principle would make ‘America’s riineral resources chiefly available to Great Britain and France. America is the most powerful nation in the world today and will continue to be so in the future. This would be true even ’ though the nations of Europe were not weakening themselves by war. Once again, it is a matter of mineral resources. America’s power grows out of its: possession ‘of mineral resources. America’s mineral position was set forth by Prof. C. K. Leith of the University of Wisconsin, in his excellent book, “World Minerals and World Politics.” Prof. Leith, who served as vice chairman of President. Roosevelt's Committee - for Mineral Policy, wrote in that book: : “from almost any point of view, : the United States is the outstanding mineral country. It is the largest owner, the largest producer, and the largest consumer of minrals. ;
e > " “In all three ways the United
States accounts for about 49 per cent of the world’s totals—for some minerals, of course, much less than this, for others more.
"Coal and iron, oil and rubber, raw materials—that's what the ‘shooting is all about."
-adequat "United States fro
“It is the .only country in the world possessing adequate quantities of nearly all the’ principal industrial minerals and leads the world in the production of coal, oil, natural gas, iron, copper, lead, zinc, dluminum metal, phosphates, Suni and sulphur. ATE als o leads in the production of some minor minerals—arsenic, borax cadmium, molydenum, and talc. Nowhere else are the principal rinerals grouped in such quantities.’ - “The output of energy in the coal, oil, natural gas and water power amounts to nearly half of the world’s total. The total power available from man and beasts being insignifi-
«cant in comparison, it. is not far ° out of the way to state that the
United States today is actually doing ‘nearly half of the world’s Work.”
8 =» #
MERICAN capital has also extended its control of minerals
“Yeyond the borders of the United
States. Regarding this subject, Prof. Leith writes: © “Among the important minerals outside of the United States, in which American commercial inter-
ests share. largely in control, are |
copper in Chile, Peru, Canada and Rhodesia; vanadium in Peru; tin in Bolivia; iron ore in Cuba, Chile, and - Brazil; oil in Mexico, Venezuela and other South American countries; oil in the Dutch East Indies; oil
- asbestos Canada; gypsum Cuba, Canada and Brazil; alum--inum in British and Dutch Guiana and in Europe.” 3 America’s position becomes even. more impressive when we examine the statistics. The. - United * States possesses |- ‘about one-half of the world’s coal reserves.
N.Y. C Streamliner- on Preview Here Tomorrow,
A preview of the New York Central Railroad's’ new streamlined Mercury train, built in the ‘Beech
: posal calls for expenditure of $292,102 for Grove shops, will be given Indian-
apolis residents from.10 a. m. until p. m. tomorrow on Track 2 at the Union Station. Later, the train will be placed in service between Chicago and Detroit. It is a further refinement of
SPEARS TO ‘ADDRESS
ENGLISH TEACHERS
Harold Spears will ative ha Teachers’ Club of Indian- . on “Keeping Up With the um” when the: club ‘meets Figg igo Pom Bng Pp. m. Thursday in the World War|
: ‘Spears,’ ‘who has written sev-
the original Mercy. which _ aldo was - built here ‘in 1936. and plac in: service between Cleveland and Detroit. - ‘Among: ‘the new features are eee: tric water coolers. An improved design of rubber draft gear, toge with tight-lock couplers, eliminates
jerks or jars in starting and ste Bing by preventing slack ‘bet
: “The train has 11 Hight. welghty ; steel cars, painted in a dark gray)
color scheme, with silver stri along the window zone. The coaches have spacious vestibules. Fach coach has a
passengers.’ ings of the - are ‘insulated against noise ‘and temperature changes. . One ‘entire car will: ‘be ‘devot;
in Mesopotamia’ in: joint control with Great Britain, Planning France and the Netherlands; zinc in Canada, Newfoundland, Mexico, Peru and Poland; in in Canada;manganese in Brazil; chromite in |
- lounge fi “walls and’ ceil :
‘This . nation -today produces about 69 per cent of the world’s
its natural gas. American interests in 1929, the year of maximum production in the world, produced 37 per cent of the world’s iron ore, 44 per cent of the
. pig iron, and 48 per cent of the
steel .ingots.5 8 = PPROXIMATELY one-half of the! world’s: copper refining
. industry is located in the United
- States. In 1929, this country furnished 47 per cent: of the world’s mine production, 52 per cent of the smelter production, and 70 per ceni of the refinery production. 1. | In "addition, American capital controlled the. production of two-
- thirds of the Canadian output of copper and nine-tenths ¢f that in
Chile. . It also controlled two-
‘thirds of the Mexican output and
practically all of that of Peru. The result was that American interests controlled 72 per cent of ‘the world’s mine production of
| copper, 76. per cent of the smelter
production and 83 per cent of the refinery production. ‘One-third of the world’s lead
one-half of the world’s Supply of lead. Dr. Brooks Emeny, in his au-
thoritative treatise, “The Strategy
of Raw Materials,” writes: “The | problems involved in the “strategic raw material situation of the United States, in time of war, ‘present an unusual combination ‘of circumstances: For it must‘be realized that, except for Russia, + this country is the only industri- - alized Hower, built on. continental
proport “With ° the ‘ single : exception “of
the - purely tropical commodities £5
and . certain. minor. minerals, we
mn PUPILS SEEKING
SHORTRIDGE POST
‘Twenty Shortridge ie School |
pupils ‘are being trained for the editorship of the Shortridge Annual,
od published in June. : ‘Seniors will Select the edifor from
this’ group Nov. Pupils ea ‘the: class are
David Baerncopf, Jane Susan Cur- : ther |ry, Elinor Hess, Barbara Jones, Vic-
tor ;Jose, Judith Krohngold, Sue Mellet, Tom Purky,. Marott Sidex, ‘Margaret Trusler, Joseph Goldsmith, In
‘Redwine, Palmer Skarr, Jose- | Smith, Jacqueline Spalding, | ells,’ “Alperta Wells, Joy Hig- Y
‘Ind. oot. The] :
ention of ae
conven nix Fe hei hy here next Monday E
industry: is located in the United ~ ~ States. In addition, American capital controls most of the lead pro- | dyetion’ in ‘Mexico 's0 that in 1929 | American interests produced about -
ture on national defense. -
enjoy a superabundance in ‘the
;+» foodstufls, and. raw Sooner 8 ] i t to. « «the. deve opme 0 supply of oil and 98 per cent of * gential 8. pmeK
nations! power. ” ig cr HANKS to our gosgraphical position, ‘from which arises our ability to command the territorial waters of the greater part
of the American hemisphere, .an ample supply of most of the raw materials we lack.can be assured from the countries producing
~ them.
“Not only does the continental
- size of our territory render us.in-
finitely more self-coniained in the essential raw materials, “but our inter-oceanic : position, far . ree
moved: from all rivals in naval
‘power, makes impossible a suse tained = blockade of ‘our. coasts through submarine or other means -of attack. All these facts are important’ to an understanding’ of the: world situation today, because, as an of« ficial report of the League of Nations, prepared as long .ago.as 1922 by a committee on armas= ments - stated, the military strength of a country depends upon two factors: “The. actual. military strength, which is expressed in the peace= | time armament and the expendi
“The potential ‘military strength, in which the important ° element -. is - the industrial and ‘economie power : of “each - state, the military. importance of ‘which was. proved in. the ‘the last’ war.”
NEXT—“The Gi “Great Essentials” what they are and who has them,
TEST YOUR | * KNOWLEDGE |
1—In ‘which body of water is the Isle of Man? ‘ 2—What is ‘the name of the furnace fitted’ with a bellows used by blacksmiths? - 13—~What- rap is: damaged’ wr the boll weevil? 4—Name ‘the + British - General who led the gliswsérous; eXe« pedition against | DuQuesne, in’ ‘the rend and Indian War J '5—How much’ * electro. energy : does ‘a wath ‘Hght bulb 'd
copsume ; 6~Who wrote “A Tale: of Two ~ © Citles?” 1 = “ 7—Wher the. Reputile ‘of " Hond 4 | 8—What is Sie oF . ciation of the w
a elie
gens waits; its per hour, - 6—Charles
‘7-—Central - EE | Tm epoeien not’ mpe ent.
ASK HE Tvs