Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 September 1939 — Page 13

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The Indianapolis Times

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By Ernie Pyle

woman who came originally from Oregon. She has been in Alaska since 1912. Mrs. Berglund took to the trap lines of the Far North because it was either that or else; either that or charity, and she would not take charity as long as there was an aching muscle left in her body that could pull her feet along. She took her three little daughters with’ her bhecause there was nothing else to do with them. And. up there in the solitude, those daughters have grown to young womanhood. Their lives have not been normal lives. They have no more conception of New York than the natives of Guiana. They have never seen a city. ! Their dog teams are their greatest jov and their | closest friends. Yet. on their own grounds, they can! somehow. So my search for an sit and talk to you with gest and assurance and aura to bask in has continued understanding. over the years § 4 4

And now, at long last, I think Book Nearly Finished

lve got one coming up. And when it happens, I'll My Y i second biggest figure in the literary world. Two summers ago I met these four women trapYSome op TAI be the first. pers. The columns I wrote brought them a lot of Some of you may recall the four women trappers nail. Apparently it opened a new life for their thoughts and their hopes.

5 Ft on jrit I wrote about two summers ago. €V live in the remote and uninhabited forests of The outside world (through letters) burst in upon J Tepe ed. shove the Arctic Circle, 280 miles {ne Berglund women. And for the first time Mrs. N BE cus etnent. . : Berglund herself realized that her life of bleakness rs Maude Berglund and her three daughters. and hardship and despair had the elements in it For 11 years now they have been on their own, in a for a great document. She is writing her story, in cord ant IS even too tough for most men. Each of 4 hook : 1€ four has her own sled-dog team: each runs 50 o miles of trapline alone in winter time; each is gone The he na i mea number of bisnes avo a it from the home cabin 10 days at a time, sleeping alone is nearly finished. She hopes to have it all done by in little huts they've built every 10 miles or so along Christmas. And then she will send it out to me, and the way. I will try to peddle it to the publishers. : = Whether Mrs. Bergiund's book will he historie, or nothing at all, there is no way of teliing. But I do! know this: | Of the hundreds of people all over the Western | Hemisphere that I have written about in the last | four years, there are none whose lives have been so filled with the poignancy and the noble grasping for life as these four women trappers, Their story is indeed an epic, and I believe Mrs. Berglund has the spiritual power to tell it well.

of numbers of Russian troops...” Tt probably will be a year before the hook comes Ja ). Eliot Sa yS— out—ifl it ever comes out. But I advise you to watch . y

i “| Soviet Deal Good

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1939

Hoosier Vagabond

GREAT FALLS, Mont. Sept. T7.—Next to being glorious yourself, I suppose there is nothing so satisfring in this world as basking closely Within the aura of someone else's glory. I've always wanted to have known a movie star before Hollywood ever heard of her: to have been old pals with a President before the White House beckoned: to have a Lindbergh come and hide away in my apartment because we were friends from way back when But the nearest I ever got to this kind of glory was knowing a guy who murdered his cousin. That didn't seem to be enough,

TTT]

A Case of Necessity

In the spring, they pile their furs. and much of their belongings, and all of their 22 wild and wolfish sled-dogs, into two open gas boats, and come down the river to Ft. Yukon They stay a couple of weeks, see the first river boat of the season come through. sell their furs, Stock up with provisions, and then start the long Journey back up the river. to be gone from the realm of white man for another 11 months Mrs. Berglund is a gentle-mannered and intelligent

“It is difficult to see how the Poles could resist the sheer weight

It Seems to Me

¢ NEW YORK, Sept. 7--One complaint of Germany has been that the United States is always victimized by the insidious propaganda of Great Britain. It would be foolish to deny that the English attempt! to influence opinion here and that they often succeed. But to considerable extent the Germans have themselves to blame, They, too, set up propaganda agencies, and in very many cases these official or semi-official partisans do their land more harm than good. German advocates are very slow to understand the value of under-statement. Nor do they seem to be adept in terseness. Hitler himself is a conspicuous example. It takes the Fuehrer a fearfully long time to pass a given point. The difference in language is in itself a handicap to German leaders who wish to reach tive American public through radio, but the chasm is deeper than that. It is actually a different psychological approach Judged solely from the point of view of technique, Chamberlain's extremely short talk on Sunday morning was infinitely more effective than anything Hitler has ever put on the air for American consumption.

The Army of the Invisible

I am under the impression that the British Prime Minister is not rated as one of England's leading orators, but he takes advantage of that fact to restrict himself to an extreme simplicity And the voice itself is almost a monotone. But here, again. a very slight emphasis can carry more impact than the sort of screaming to which Hitler resorted in the Sports Palace speech hefore the Munich pact. Thus the simple “intolerable” in Chamberlain's address held more emosional weight than an entire paragraph of invective! It seems to me that Hitler has not yet learned the

Washington

WASHINGTON, Sept. 7.—The tendency of rumor to leap ahead of the news and to stir up unnecessary alarms and anxieties is going to manifest itself more and more now through the period of tension. One particular source of these misleading anticipatory rumors is bound to be the emergency plans of numerous kinds which have been drawn un by a number of Government departments. They cover conceivable situations that might arise either under neutrality or war. Desks of many executives are filled with such advance blueprints. That is the part of intelligent preparedness and the Government would be subject to Just criticism if it were not locking ahead and making plans for all foreseeable situations, probable and improbable Sometimes discussion concerning the nature of gome one of these advance blueprints becomes current and leads to unjustified alarms. That apparently is the origin of the rumor ot impending radio censorship which has rattled around Washington of late and spread over the country. Somebody has been talking about what might have to be done if we got into a war, or came into a situation close to it. ” n »

No Thought of Censorship

So far as can be ascertained from persons who ought to know, there is no thought of censorship either for radio or the press under present conditions. It certainly could not be attempted so far as the press is concerned without legislation and considerable stretching of the Constitution for emergency purposes.

My Day

HYDE PARK, Wednesday —Johnnv and Anne motored back to Boston on Monday so he could go to work on Tuesday. Jimmy left on Monday night, motoring to Newark Airport to start back to California, feeling that he must get his work up to date, I sense in all these young people a feeling of uncertainty about the future. A sense for the first time that whatever they have to do must be done now, quickly, for fear that something will interrupt the even tenor of life's ways. They join with you in feeling that this country should do all within its power to keep out of war, but they have no very clearly defined idea of what is going to happen. They have set = themselves to prepare for uncertainties, for anything imay happen and they must be ready for it. we were discussing the 1914 psychology and the psychology of today and I think people are much more aware of what war will mean from the economic standpoint as well as the military. We have had a good many years of preparation watching Spain and China and the radio is a more vivid medium of information than the newspapers were in 1914. I think it has made us more realistic, more reluctant to see war

By Heywood Broun

prime lesson of radio, which ought to be an unawares ness of the visible audience, if any, and a complete concentration upon the much greater number of invisible listeners. The cause of Germany was hardly helped in America by the fact that on the very day that Chamberlain stated his case quickly and without bombast of any kind Fritz Kuhn addressed a meeting of the Ger-man-American Bund at a rally in Sellersville, Pa. However well Kuhn's wares may have gone with the 2000 members who attended, they were hardly wrapped up attractively for national consumption. I am not sympathetic to the cause of Hitler, but I cannot join with those who demand that Fritz Kuhn should be immediately interned. » » »

Leading With Their Chins

I am moved by the very practical consideration!

that, in my opinion, the oratorical methods of Kuhn tend greatly to aid the Allies.

German magazine, The Fatherland, did much the!

same service in the last war. Remember at the mo- | ment we are not discussing the comparative righteous- | ness of one cause or the other, but solely the manner | of presentation. Mr. Kuhn advised Americans to “throw out of office President ‘Rosenfeid.’” He also declared, according to the news reports, “Hitler and Germany can lick the whole world” G. W. Kunze also referred to “Jewish government” and followed his leader in pronouncing | the name of the Chief Executive of the United States. | In fact, it seemed to be practically a repeat per-| formance of the big Madison Square Garden meeting | which assuredly did not help the Bund or the cause! of Germany in America. Hitler has boasted of the vast efficiency in all things which his leadership has brought to the Reich. But if he himself and all his spokesmen insist on leading with their chins in talking to neutral nations! they can have no fair complaint if public opinion swats them on the point of the jaw.

By Raymond Clapper

For radio, authorities are exceedingly doubtful if they have the authority, even indirectly, to apply any censorship, except through the one method of broadening the conception of “public interest” under which the periodic station licenses are granted. Occasionally stations have been refused license renewals because they were deemed to be operating contrary to the public interest. Present world conditions may lead naturally to some alteration in the attitude which the Federal Communications Commission might take toward the question of public interest. Officials of the Federal Communications Commission are giving much thought to the problem but not any more than radio broadcasting companies are themselves. The broadcasters are attempting to conduct themselves with caution and restraint and have satisfied officials of the Commission of their interest in not complicating the operation of neutrality. They will discuss these matters fully in conference with the Commission within a few days. it is understood. ~ ” »

Present Situation Satisfactory

There are other problems connected with radio | that may require goveraimental action. For instance. it may be necessary to police amateur rtations more closely to prevent their use as sources of information for belligerents. There may be a further Presidential proclamation covering the subject of communications as it relates to the state of neutrality now in effect. Such measures, however, are to be extremely limited in scope. For the present, communications officials feel that the situation in general is being taken care of satisfactorily. What might become necessary if we came into a state of extreme tension, or close to war, or if the broadcasting companies failed to show a sense of responsibility, is something else, just as it would be entirely different if we were actually at war,

5

By Eleanor Roosevelt

anywhere in the world, but 1 also think it it making us feel the necessity of knowing what are the facts and thinking out for ourselves what the position of our country should be.

One of my young cousins has just sent me a rather | interesting lettér about a project which is being tried in New York City. I will tell you about it in the words of her letter: “There has been for years the need of a theater in the Broadway district where the young player can play a variety of parts. ‘Theatregate’ has taken the ‘Little Theater’ and has engaged an acting company of 11. Nine of these are between the ages of 20 and 30, the other two being older men. A 35week season is planned opening in October, and the schedule calls for four or five plays. After the first year, a paying apprentice group will be added. The apprentices will be chosen from the most likely prose pects of the leading schools in the country and contacts are already being made with dramatic schools in key cities with this in view. The apprentices will be allowed to take walk-ons and to assist in the technical work. As it is not the plan of ‘Theatregate’ to keep the original 11 permanently, the best of the apprentices will automatically find places in the group and it is felt that the original 11 will find other jobs in the theater.” This is a new departure for the theater and, I feel. | along very wise lines, so I shall watch what they do with great interest.

1 ¥ * Nim, Q rd Lo ini ion i Ra Gu SAR

I think the official!

Trade for Hitler

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What lies behind the sudden new German-Russian friendship? It seems (a have | cooled Italy and Japan toward their former Nazi ally, Did Hitler make a good bargain in trading them for Russian aid? Maj. George F. Eliot, famed military authority, answers these questions in another exclusive dispateh to The Indian- | apelis Times,

| The map above shows eastern Europe as Russia and Germany might divide it between them. The

By Maj. George F. Eliot | ONDON, Sept. 7.—The consensus of Europe's “expert guessers” as to the Moscow strategy in this present . conflict is that Russia hasn't the slightest intention of moving a soldier or firing a shot until Western Europe is Sli Jap of a stale. round in shambles. #8 4 On the basis of information here and my previous HE Germans must have known in Warsaw, Buchareet, Belgrade, Athens ; that: the pach. with Russis 4d el there. thi rould to I fair analysis of Would alienate Japan and Spain | and elsewhere, this would seem to be a fair analysis o and do no good for the Nazi Russia's role in the current war. standing in Rome. Yet they went er X gag Su dunaml i 8a 33 ahead. Unless the Russians are From the German viewpoint, there is little doubt that deliberately double-crossing GerBerlin expected Poland to surrender at the mere an- many, a new and startling situanouncement of the Russo- tion may arise. Considering RusGerman pact, whereupon Britain and France would

sia purely on a speculative basis, as an active military ally of Germake the best of a bad bargain.

many attacking the Poles at the proper time, it is difficult to see how the Poles could resist the sheer weight of numbers of RusThe Russians may also have considered this possibility, in which case Russia and Germany would have divided Poland. If

sian troops, despite the bad quality of the Russian command, staff Russia had made a deal with the French and British, and then

and transport, Similarly, a Russian attack on Germany beat Poland, Russia would get no cut out of the melon.

to a small area around Warsaw,

the Corridor, Upper Silesia and Posen, leaving of Poland only a

| observations

However, the possibility must not be rejected that the RussoGerman pact goesadeeper and envisages real co-operation — in which case the whole situation changes. Rumors continue of Secret agreements partitioning the Balkans. To Russia goes Turkey, Bulgaria and Bessarabia, plus a free hand in the Baltic states, including Finland and the eastern part of Poland. To Germany goes Jugoslavia, Rumania (less Bassarabia), Greece, Hungary, Danzig, impossible situation in Rumania.

State Clinics Prevent |HONORRATING GIVEN | Patients’ Confinement TO ARSENAL CANNON

! The Arsenal Cannon, student |

Victims of certain types of mental diseases in certain stages are be- | ; i ing treated by the State Welfare Department in clinics throughout the | Publication of Tech School, has | state and are not being committed to institutions. (been awarded International Honor This and other reports on mental hygiene methods now used were Rating by Quill and Scroll, interreported last night to the Indiana Society for Mental Hygiene and the |national honorary high school! Indiana Advisory Council on Mental Hygiene Research at the Canary|journalism fraternity, it was an-

* Soliate. [Pouticed oats the highest Quill! » Thurman A. Gottschalk, Welfare | ward is the highes ui Home Builders Will See Model

director, said that since clinics have (and Scroll offers, Miss Ella C.| (been set up throughout the state, Sengenberger, director of Tech| 342 cases have been taken under publications, was informed. The] treatment. | judging was conducted under | He said that it is entirely prob-|auspices of the Medill School of |able that all of the 342 cases would | Journalism at Northwestern UniPREVIEW of the Indianap- |eventually have been committed to|versity, and was based on six copies i an institution without clinic treat-|of the publication issued in the olis Home Builders Associa= |\ont “byt that chances now are|1938-39 school year. Editorial tion's model house at 6470 N. many of them never will he com- | policy, typography and news writChester Ave. will be given asso- | mitted and that thus the population [ing were considered in the judgciation members and representae tives of materials companies tomorrow afternoon. The house will be opened Sunday Jor public inspection. Members of the association will meet at 12:30 p. m. tomorrow for

of state institutions for mental care ing. will be cut. Number of Patients Rises luncheon at Ralph R. Reeder & Sons, 2401 Winthrop Ave. Then they will board a chartered bus

Bessarabia, coupled with lightning German moves by air, using troop transport planes to seize Rumanian oil fields, would create an

PREDICTS LONG WAR

WASHINGTON, Sept. 7 (U. P.).— Gen. Peyton C. Merch, retired, who servea as Chief of Staff of the Army during the World War, predicted today that the present European war would be a long one. He" said he did not believe the United States would become involved.

black area shows Germany plus the countries she would take over, Russia, which would include Bessarabia, in the northeastern part of Rumania.

Meanwhile Turkey, which holds the key to the Black Sea, might well hesitate because of the long, exposed, Black Sea coast and the Caucasus frontier. And the Bulgars might come in if promised Dobrudja and perhaps a seaport on the Aegean Sea and if relieved of the present active threat of Turkish military intervention against them, It is quite possible that all of this might completely alienate Italy and result in counter moves in the Balkan peninsula, perhaps by Greece and Jugoslavia, supported by the British, French and Italians. ” » ” TE situation is very obscure. Certainly, if given Russian intervention on the German side and gradually growing German control of Russian resources, manpower and raw materials, Germany would have made an excellent bargain in exchanging these against Italy, Spain and Japan. Indeed, just this, is Hitler's pur-

Vertical shading indicates the greater

Poland would be reduced

pose as outlined in Mein Kampf, and it is not easy to see how it can be prevented save by vigorous, immediate action in the Balkan area by allied powers which might scare off the Russians before it is too late. All these speculations, however, assume that the Kremlin intends to keep faith with Germany. Much and perhaps everything may depend on the vigor and correctness of actions taken by France and Britain within the next few days. I think we may be certain that there will be stirring news within the next few days. The appointment of General Sir Edmund Ironside as chief of the imperial general staff confirms me in this opinion. Gen. Ironside is no man to sit and twiddle his thumbs in a situation like this, and he is the best informed man in the British Army on Russia and Poland. Furthermore, Gen. Gort, who takes command of the field forces, is a fighting soldier of the first rank.

Reports Phoney S. O. 8. Appeals

ALTIMORE, Md. Sept. 7 (U. P.) —Capt. William Winston of the Pan-American, airliner Yankee Clipper, said today that radio bands in the Atlantic are jammed with what he called “Phoney SOS” messages. These false messages, he said, apparently were designed to draw British ships, especially the Queen Mary, off their course. The Queen Mary recently arrived in New York. Capt. Winston said that he did not receive any SOS yesterday from the British steamer Royal Sceptre. A Lisbon newspaper said today that the Clipper had picked up such an, SOS yesterday afternoon, saying that the vessel had been torpedoed. The Yankee Clipper left Lisbon Tuesday on its first flight since hostilities started between Great Britain, France and Germany. She stopped at Horta, the Azores and Bermuda where most of its passengers were picked up. It landed yesterday at Port Washington, N.Y, and flew here without passengers for servicing.

85 AIRPLANES SOLD T0 ALLIES IN JULY

WASHINGTON, Sept. 7 (U. P.) — American aircraft manufacturers shipped 43 land planes to France and 42 to the United Kingdom during July, the Commerce Department reported today. Ten land planes were shipped to Canada during that month.

The British received 67 American {airplane engines and France re|ceived 54. The Department's figlures did not indicate whether the |aircraft were for military or come (mercial use. The total value of all aeronautic lexports from the United States in [July was $9,039,122, 46 per cent over |the total for July, 1938, but 15 per [cent below June 1939, the record { month.

RED CROSS TO GIVE AID WASHINGTON, Sept. 7 (U. P,) — | Chairman Norman H. Davis of the { American Red Cross announced | last night that chapters throughout [the United States would be ine | structed to begin production of sup= {plies and clothing needed in ware "torn Europe.

He reported that now 52 per cent of all the hospital beds in the nation are filled with the mentally ill. The number of mentally ill patients to visit the plants of the Perfection Paint & Color Co. the Central Supply Co., the Burnet Binford Lumber Co., Tri-State Con-

TEST YOUR

in Indiana state hospitals has steadily increased from 1849, he said. The rate of growth of both institution population and new admittances has been greater than the growth of the state population. struction Co., and the Spickelmier Fuel & Supply Co. The day will be climaxed with the visit to the model house at 6 p. m, followed by a dinner at the Riviera Club.

For the year ending Juhe 30. 1938, the greatest percentage of

new admissions to such institutions in Indiana were between the ages of 30 and 39; the next greatest between ages of 50 and 59: next between 40 and 49; next between 20 and 29, and next between 60 and 69. New Constitution Ratified The rescue of three more Hoosiers and two staff members of the United Christian Missionary Society from the sunken British liner, Athenia, was reported here today. Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Sykes and their daughter, Shirley, Ft. Wayne, were reported rescued by the S. S.

Sixty-two per cent of the new admission for the same period had common school education, 20 per cent had high school educations: 5.6 per cent college educations, and only 3.6 were illiterate. At the meeting last night a new Knute Nelson and taken to Galway, Ireland. Also safe at Galway were Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Edwards, missionaries to the Belgian Congo, according to a cablegram received from them at Society headquarters here. They

KNOWLEDGE

1--In Troy weight, how many ounces are in a pound? 2—Does Congress or the President have the power to declare war? 3—Who is commander-in-chief of the U, 8. Army and Navy? 4—What is the name for a geometric plane figure with 10 sides and ten agles? 5—O0f which mountain system are the Green Mountains a

constitution and by-laws were rati- part? fied. The spciety is headed by 6—Name the largest star. president; Mr. Gottschalk, secre- the longest tidal shore line? tary; Evans Woollen, treasurer, and # 8 na visory council. Higa 61 the advisory sounell, 1—Twelve. SUB REPORTED OFF | 3_tme bre 4—Decagon. 5—Appalachian system. KEY WEST, Fla. Sept. 7 (U. p),| Florida. —Lieut.-Comm. Ford Callahan, naval 8.8.8 were to have arrived here next week. for this area, said today that POLISH LINER IN HUDSON officers of the S. 8. Raila, Norwegian Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any —The Polish liner Batory lay at submarine off Key West harbor. anchor in mid-stream in the Hud-| “It is possible,” Callahan said,| to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, was the first time a liner of its size, |of the Raila were mistaken, but 14,000 tons, had navigated this far | they appear to be convinced they| ton, D. C. Legal and medical advice cannot be given nor can Batosy was here for the duration of | surface not far from the harbor war,

Donald DuShane, Columbus, Ind.| 7—Which State in the U. 8. has Dr. H. J. Norton, Columbus, chair- Answers 3—The President. — 6—Antares. station head and neutrality officer ASK THE TIMES YONKERS, N. Y, Sept. 7 (U. P.).|tanker, told him they sighted a question of fact or information son River today. Boatmen said it| “that the captain and first mate 1013 13th St, N. W., Washingup the river. It was believed the saw a submarine cruising on the extended research be undertaken,

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