Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 September 1939 — Page 9

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Hoosier Vagabond

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1939 |

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GREAT FALLS Mont, Sept. 6—-If the National Park Service can excuse me after today, I guess I'll have to be moving on to other things. In fact, I'd better move on or I'm liable to become a permanent park fixture. Tourists will be mistaking me for a thin brown bear and feeding me peanuts. Being somewhat of an evangelist under the skin, I suppose I'll have to do a little preaching in this final column of the season on the National Parks. Well, on the whole, you can find about as little fault with the National Parks as any subject you want to mention. Yet there is one big flaw, as I see it, and that is the problem of living. Which I'm afraid is about like saving that a man is physically perfect except he has a terrible stomach. If you want to stay a few days in a National Park, vou can do it in one of three ways: 1. For nothing, in your own tent, on a Government camp ground. 2. For a reasonable price—but in a gloomy, bathless, toiletless, hot-waterless (and usually cold) cabin of some sort. 3. For an exorbitant fee, in one of the big hotels. It is possible that many tourists, out on a twoweek vacation, don't mind being miserable. It makes them feel they're “roughing it.” ® = =»

Mr. Ickes Has a Plan

Most of the big Western parks are advertised and fathered by whatever railroad runs nearest them. The railroads have built the hotels, the lodges, the chalets, the cabins. The railroads, through advertising and “tours,” have really made many of our parks.

It Seems to Me

NEW YORK, Sept. 6—Among the political commentators in Washington I suppose that Mark Sullivan has led all the rest in the violence of his opposition to Roosevelt policies. Both the President and Mr. Sullivan are well mannered men, and I have never heard them growl at each other during press conferences, But the criticism of the commentator has been constant. And vet in his account of the last news conference in the White House it was Mr. Sullivan who paid as eloquent a tribute to our Chief Executive as Franklin Delano Roosevelt is likely to receive while he remains in office. Reporting on the President's expression of his desire and hope to keep America out of conflict, Mr. Sullivan added a final paragraph: “He handled himself extremely well,” he wrote, “The newspapermen felt so. They knew that he, like them, had been up all night, and that he must instantly turn to grave duties. As they turned to leave— a matter-of-fact tribe who take much for granted several did an unusual thing. Half over their shoulders, as they hurried to their work, they called out, ‘Thank you very much, Mr. President’ And that, I think, might very well serve as a motto for Americans of all political persuasions at this moment. ‘Thank you very much, Mr. President.’ ”

No Hitting Below the Belt

In the domestic field there is obviously disagreement as to the merits of many New Deal proposals and peace performances. We will cease to be a democratic nation if ever frank and sharp criticism on these matters is silenced. And in the field of foreign affairs, as well, it is impossible that we should all think as one, But surely the time has come when even the most bitter opponents of the President should forbear from saving things which they themselves do not actually

Washington

By Ernie Pyle

There is justice in their high prices inside the parks. Most of them can operate only three months a vear. And, due to their isolation, they are expensive to run. And, even despite the high prices, they mostly operate these park facilities at a loss. They're kept running simply to draw paying travelers over their railroads. But the result is that the National Parks, which belong to and were created for Us, the People, are denied to many of us because we can't afford to stay in them. Or if we do take something within our limits, we're miserable and uncomfortable. There is a solution for this. I understand that Secretary Ickes has a plan to put before Congress, whereby the Government would buy up all these] properties of private companies in the parks. | Then the Government would lease them out. And | at a figure that would permit the operators to charge the public a reasonable fee, ”

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Glacier His Favorite We have now been in 17 of America’s 27 National | Parks. Carlsbad Caverns is No. 2 in my heart, and | Glacier Park is No. 1. I love that place. To me| Glacier is the most beautiful. the most awesome, and the ieast trammeled of the big parks. | If vou stay a few days in Glacier, and walk the] trails, vou cease to be just a cog in the vacationing | throng. You become an individual, somebody that | matters, a “native” of that whole littie world apart.| There's just one thing more before we kiss the National Parks goodby for this summer, Up in Glacier there’s a mountain called Triple Divide Peak. From the snows of Triple Divide Peak three different rivulets start, and trickle down its sides As they go down, they grow into leaping mountain streams, white and silvery and roaring. And of those three streams, one flows eventually into the Gulf of Mexico, one into Hudson's Bay, and one into the Pacific Ocean!

By Heywood Broun

believe for the sake of political effect or easy applause. The round should be taken away from anybody who hits below the belt. Before daybreak a few mornings ago I was listening to a British broadcast from a Nazi news reporter. | The attack on Poland had not yet been launched, | but it was imminent, and an extremely smug plate of | propaganda was being sent out to the English-speak- | ing world by the Hitlerite before the microphones, He announced that there would be no change in America’s neutrality law, and added that the American] people were solidly against what he called “the British | partisanship of their President— Mr. Roosevelt.” And! then in a voice which dripped melted butter, the Nazi news report added, “the great war hero, Gen, Smedley Butler, said in a speech that if America were to be drawn into the war President Roosevelt's eldest son should be forced to serve in the front line.”

» Setting a Good Example

I could not find this alleged statement by Smedley Butler in any of the papers which I read. Perhaps he never said it. But stuff of this sort has been given out by speakers and columnists in America, The monstrous charge has been made on several occasions that Roosevelt fomented war in order to enhance his political fortunes. Nobody knows Roosevelt better than | the White House correspondents. I have talked with | all of them many times. There is not one.in the group who does not respect the integrity of the President of the United States. I am perfectly willing to admit that in certain respects partisans of the President should pipe down as well as his political opponents. Certainly this is not the time to press the campaign for a third term. The vear which lies ahead of the election is far too important to have it confused by this issue And I feel certain that nothing could loom up in his mind as being comparable in importance to the task of keeping America out of war and getting Europe out of war. And I think that now is the time for all good Americans to back Franklin Roosevelt in his efforts

Ke

Eventually, Ger mony to Fight for ail fields of

This map illustrates Ma). George F. Eliot's analysis of the war strategy laid out by the German and Polish armies.

Maj. Eliot Says—

Early Retreat Part

Of Polish Strategy

(Maj. George F. Eliot, military authority, analyzes the present situation In

Poland in the following dispaich, his latest on the war, of the leading military nations of Europe just before the start of hostilities,

He completed a tour His

cabled reports on the progress of the war will appear exclusively for this area in

The Indianapolis Times.)

By Maj. George F. Eliot

LON DON, Sept. 6 (By Special Cable) .—However stoutly the British and French support the Poles in the present warfare, it will take time for such aid to become effective. The Germans hope, therefore, to put Poland completely out before the western powers can give much aid, and

then attempt to negotiate peace with the Poles on the basis of the accomplished fact of Poland's destruction,

In this situation, the Polish { object is to re- { main a going concern until western help begins to be felt by the Germans. For this purpose the Poles must keep their Army as intact as possible. They must not take undue risks with their rather limited force of fully equipped troops. They must take no chance of having a large part-of this undoubtedly fine Army cut off in such {isolated positions as the Corridor. The Polish defensive plan has, of course, been carefully made in

Maj. Eliot

advance. It does not include any desperate attempt to hold the Corridor itself, for this would risk pinching off many Polish troops between German Pomerania and East Prussia. Instead of this, the Poles intend to leave only a few rear guards in the Corridor area. They have mined every road and railway bridge in the Corridor, and the army will undoubtedly fall back to prepared positions farther in the rear. This retreating action, however, has the disadvantage of enabling the Germans to announce early successes, which their propaganda department will magnify greatly. These early announcements, such as are now coming through, should not be given undue significance,

” ” ” ERMANY'S main and most dangerous attack is a drive

against the southwestern area of Poland, with Katowice the first

Atlantic Ocean

FRANCE

Scale of Miles Pr ————— © 100 200, 300

1 GERMANY |

820 mi. ALY 3

2, hrs.

hrs.

HTT RUSSIA

A)

RUMANIA

7 ’

Black Sea

DARDANELLES

TURKEY

SUEZ CANAL

The map above shows straight-line flight distances and approximate flying times between key cities in

European war drama.

objective and Cracow the subsequent objective,

The frontal attack from Breslau toward Katowice appears to be taking place on the basis of early reports. This will probably be supported by an attack of two columns from Slovakia, directed respectively on Katowice and Cracow. The German object in these drives is to retain the mining and industrial region of Upper Silesia which was lost to Germany in the last war. Eventually the Germans will seize the Galician oil fields. The advance toward Cracow might, if successful, develop into a further attack on the new Polish industrial triangle south of Warsaw, In all this southwestern region, Polish resistance may be expected to be stronger than in the defense of the Corridor.

Katowice is in the heart of a congested industrial region, and it may be difficult to defend because of the character of this district and its nearness to the frontier. The development of a German offensive against Dzialdowa on the southern frontier of Bast Prussia, only about 80 miles from Warsaw, may mark the initiation of a German attempt to rush a highly mobile force with a spearhead of mechanized troops, toward Warsaw,

IR bombings of many Polish cities, including the capital, appear on the basis of early press reports to have been confined to military objectives, as the Germans claim. Great injury to Polish communications and industrial resources may thus be inflicted, but on the whole Poland does not present many attractive targets for bombers.

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Poland will therefore not be defeated until her army is decisively beaten and to a large extent destroyed—which will be difficult,

indeed, in a country cut up by woods and lakes, devoid of good roads, and defended by tough peasant soldiers used to incredible hardships in their daily lives. These peasant soldiers are well trained in the use of arms and are capably commanded by excellent officers,

Mass bombing attacks on Polish cities may draw retaliation, as Poland is by no means helpless in the air, though her air force is outnumbered four or five to one. It is probable that much of the initial German air effort has been against Polish airdromes in order to minimize the possibility of Polish air reprisals against German centers.

One great Polish disadvantage, which is only partially offset by bad communications, but which will hamper the invaders, is that western Poland offers no good natural defensive position short of the Vistula.

HIS means that the Polish defense must he a mobile defense, evading pitched battles, seeking to delay and harass the invader to protect her vital industrial centers as much as possible. Along with this, the Poles must, of course, try to inflict every possible loss upon the Germans, and, above all, to keep the Polish army well organized until Poland's allies can make their efforts felt,

When I left Poland on Aug. 17 there were as yet no intimations of the Russo-German pact. Anglo-French military conversa=tions were proceeding in Moscow, but the Polish official attitude was

that they expected little help from Russia, save perhaps in a supply of raw materials, and even there they felt that the available lines of communication might make difficult any dependahle deliveries,

The Poles were firmly set against the use of Russian troops on Polish 'soil, although admitting the desirability of a certain amount of Russian air re-enforce-ment. Far more important, in their minds, appears what might be termed the “moral security” afforded by having a friendly Russia at their back. ” n ”

HAT effect this loss of moral security may have on the Polish morale is difficult to estimate but it is probakle that it will not be very great if it bhecomes immediately apparent to the Poles that they are being supported by Britain and France without, reservation or stint. In judging the early reports of operations, it must be borne in mind that the Poles have 30 reserve divisions, as well as the 30 active divisions of first-line troops,

These active divisions are excellently equipped, and supported by 14 brigades of cavalry, trained not in the spectacular mounted charges of ancient days, but trained to fight on foot with mod ern weapons. Of the 30 reserve divisions, about half are from 80 to 90 per cent equipped, the others somewhat less so. ‘ In conclusion, it must be borne in mind that even if the Poles lose half their country to the Germans and are driven back to the Vistula they still have the fighting courage that enahled them to drive out the Russians in 1920, when over half of their country was lost to the invaders.

for peace at home and abroad.

By Raymond Clapper

————

Provisions of U. S. Neutrality Act Now in Effect Described in Brief

HOOSIER CHEMIST GETS CAPITAL POST

Times Special

—But They Ran Out of Pixeys

OCHES'TER, Ind. Sept. 6 (U.

P) —“Pink Elephants” came true near Rocrnesier yesterday. George and Tony, two elephants owned by the Cole Bros. Circus and which have skins of pink hue, were walked 24 miles to Logansport to join the railroad show. The elephants were left behind for further training when the circus left winter quarters.

U.S. WANTS TO AVOID WAR, HALLECK SAYS

LAFAYETTE, Ind., Sept. 6 (U.P), ~The United States is solidly determined to remain out of the present European war, Charles A. Halleck of Rensselaer, Republican representative from the Second District, said last night at a rally of Republican war veterans. He said that the present crisis is far more dangerous than that of 1914 because the “impact of these vast war machines will be correspondingly terrible, costly and de-

WASHINGTON, D. C., Sept. 6. Dr. Lee T, Smith, a native of Indiana, has been selected to head the Carbohydrate - and Derived Products Division of the Eastern Regional Research Laboratory of the Bureau of Agricultural Chemistry and Engineering, Dr. Henry G. Knight, Bureau chief, announced today. Dr. Smith has heen chemist in the research laboratories of the Bureau of Dairy Industry the last several years. He received his A. B. degree at Indiana University in 1918 and later obtained A. M. and Ph. D. degrees there. He will begin his new duties Monday.

OIL’ FIRM INSTALLS PUMPING STATION

BRAZIL, Ind. Sept. 6 (U. P.).— Work on a crude oil pumping station southwest of Brazil was under way today by Socony Vacuum Oil Co. The company recently completed a

WASHINGTON, Sept. 6—The Furopean war |s about to have its first direct effects upon the conduet and business activities of American citizens with the promulgation of the Presidential proclamations invoking American neutrality, This I= the official means of designating Great Britain, France, Poland and Germany as belligerents, Although the embargo provided for bv the Neutrality Act has been widely discussed, less attention has been directed to other important restrictions upon the conduct of American citizens which are also provided for in the act which now goes into force. No American vessel may carry arms, ammunition or implements of war to or for any belligerent. No American vessel, trading in other goods with a belligerent, may be armed, And here is something to be noted. No American citizen may travel on any ship of a belligerent—that is after a 90-day period of grace from the date of the proclamation, allowed to American citizens returning to the United States,

and property which might involve this country in trouble, The danger of such incidents is brought acutely to us by the sinking of the British liner Athenia. Fortunately the loss of life was small. Inasmuch as she sailed before war was declared, the Neutrality Act could not have applied to prevent Americans from boarding her, nor indeed could it apply until 80 days have elapsed after the promulga-

ters is insufficient evidence to prevent the ship from clearing. If the President finds that such a vessel previously cleared from an American port during a war and delivered its cargo to a warship, tender or supply ship of a belligerent state, he may prohibit the departure of] such vessel during the duration of the war, Section 8-—Authorizes the President to make certain rules and regulations, during a war in which this country is neutral, specifying under what conditions submarines and armed merchant men of foreign powers may enter a port of the territorial waters of a United States port or depart therefrom. Section 9—Makes it unlawful for American citizens to travel on the vessels of powers named in the proclamation. This regulation does not apply to a citizen traveling on a vessel whose voyage was begun in advance of the date of the President's proclamation. It is not applicable within 90 days to a citizen of the United Strtes coming home irom a

President Is Given Power to Proclaim Arms Embargo to Belligerents: ‘Cash and Carry’ Clause Is No Longer Included.

home

WASHINGTON, Sent. 6 (U.P) .—The neutrality act which Presition of the proclamation. dent Roosevelt proclaimed in effect late yesterday, is in 10 sections as| In the forthcoming reconsideration by Congress of follows (one of the sections—the so-called “cash and carry” clause, exthe Neutrality Act such provisions as this need to bs pired last May and was not re-enacted): retained and added to, rather than weakened. It| Section 1—Specifies that whenwould be unfortunate if any impulsive repeal of the ever the President finds that a state| Section 5 — Sets up a national Neutrality Act in its entirety, in order to return to of war exists between or among two munitions control board composed plain international law as is now widely advocated, or more foreign states, he shall pro- of the Secretary of State, Secretary should wipe out such protective measures. claim such fatt and thereafter it|of the Treasury, Secretary of War, .## Ap of the Navy and Secre-

. tempt to export arms, ammunition |tary of Commerce. It requires every Cool Heads Are Needed

or implements of war from any | person who engages in the business 'place in the United States to any 0f manufacturing, exporting or imWhat our national interest will dictate eventually belligerent state named in the proc- porting arms, ammunition or impleas the wisest policy, as the lesser evil, must rest upon jamation, or to any neutral state for|ments of wal to te the day to day developments. Not much can be decided transshipment to or for the use of | Seer Slap y oa an Stet e Teporis adv ‘6 every | h belligerent state. regu ally © tale Sieparie in advance. But above everything else, it is impera- &0Y suc

: ment on the amount and character He is recte X m- : tive that the decisions we make during coming] Jie i difecied to extent ae “be. of production, exports and imports.

aot unioested bY come embroiled. He licewise in em: Licenses ote limied by the depart. American lives in submarine warfare, for instance.

shall be unlawful to export or at-

powered to embargo shipments of | on to export or to attempt to ex-

CE of | arms and munitions to a foreign]

» {port any of the arms, ammuntion or

The Lesson of the Athenia

The President has discretion to require all vessels, American or foreign, to give bond not to deliver men or supplies to any belligerent warship or supply ship. He also may restrict or prohibit entirely, the use of American ports to submarines or armed merchant vessels of a belligerent, The purpose of the foregoing noticed than the embargo provision-—-is to keep Amerijcans out of the danger zone, to minimize the chances of incidents entailing loss of American lives

provisions less

Throughout several years of legislating on neutral- 5 ity—or reallv on means of keeping us out of war—ig¢ critics have been saving that it was impossible to! anticipate the circumstances that might arise or| where they might arise. All right. We now have a war with known belligerents. We know the battle area, as of the present and it will be possible, by the time Congress returns. to enact a number of provisions, perhaps, which will further reduce the chances | of Americans from being caught in incidents which | will arouse public grievances. That surely is worth | doing, even at some inconvenience to individuals,

enumerate the arms, and implements of war which are under embargo but he may not include in this list raw materials not hitherto included of articles on which Congress voted an embargo could be placed.

tate when he decides that civil trife exists of a magnitude that

ered.

The act directs the President to ammunitions

in the 1936 list

war materials specified in the act

{without a license. The Government

this country’s neutrality is endan- | jo forbidden to purchase arms, am|muntion or implements of war from| |unregistered manufacturers.

Section 6 — Authorizes a $10,000

{fine, five years imprisonment or both penalties for shippers convicted of [transporting arms, ammunition or |implements of war after such car-

He | BO®S have been embargoed by Presi-

foreign state.

belligerent powers. :

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Section 10—Prevents the arming of American merchant vessels engaged in commerce with any of the

new pipeline across Western Indiana. Another pumping station will be constructed near Coatesville in Hendricks County, officials said.

Wh ad YO ——— Far

Everyday Movies—B

structive.” “Seldom do we find in this country such unity of opinion as found today against military involvement abroad,” he asserted.

Wortman

- Bt, ah

dential proclamation, Travel Is Restricted

Section 7 Empowers the President to force a foreign or domestic ment for five years or hoth. shipping company to post a bond, Munitions Board Set Up if sufficient doubt exists that a vessel owned by the foreign or doMasioy Ne. 2, how Serunet, Was mestic company is about to depart that these are not usual times and looks upon all of tN€ cash and carry provision. from an American port carrying] 4 po elephants drink with us with very sparing smiles I hooe when his father | Section 3—Seeks to prevent bellig- arms, ammunition or supplies val- their epee and mother return, he will show more “joy of life” erent powers or factions engaged In| able to a belligerent power but| sn grammat,

for T think that is a quality we should develop when |eiVil Steite witnin 3 te fom H+ | we are young if we are to have it in later life. : ’ Pe Then 1 oe - to meet our son, Jimmy, at the new lean funds. J species Ahat Sitar TAU KAPPA EPSILON i Pt. was no news from him re nt has qeclared a state Foor ge) Ts ple ie I rived at the ap- lof war or civil strife exists that no MEMBERS CONVENE pointed hour. The man in charge is an ex-Navy American citizen may purchase, sell J —————— man who spent 20 years in the Navy, so we chatted |or otherwise deal in the securities| Times Special about the news. He was most solicitous as the time |0f the nations named in the Presi-| FRENCH LICK, Ind. Sept. 6. — went on and no plane appeared, but I told him that dential proclamation. The President| Tau Kappa Epsilon national fraterin all probability Massachusetts was on standard |is given authority to relax this re- nity will open its three-day biennial time. In any case, at 1:40, Jimmy's plane came in. striction only as it affects financial convention here tomorrow. Several I had read part of my mail and two newspapers very [transactions in commercial credits hundred delegates and visitors, headthoroughly as well as the beginning of a new novel, [or short term obligations to aid ined by Clarence E. Smith of Chicago, As we drove home, I reminded Jimmy of one occa- |legal transactions and of a char-|national president, are expected, sion when he asked to be met at 3 a. m. I waited acter customarily used in normal] The chief speaker will be Dr. W. Henry McLean, Indianapolis, whose address at Saturday night's banquet will climax the program.

cannot exclude any materials listed in 1936. Violators of this section are subject to a fine of $10,000, imprison-

1—On what river is Sacramento, Cal.? 2—To what place did Cain flee after he had killed his brother Abel? 3—Who said: “It {2 best not to swap horses when crossing a stream”?

By Eleanor Roosevelt

My Day

HYDE PARK, Tuesday—We awoke veaterday morning to the news of the tragedy of the first English ship with Americans on board. From the German embassy in Washington and from Germany itself, there come assertions that all Gérman ships are out of that area. The German Navy seems to be scattered all over the world, never having returned to Germany after its trip to the Spanish coast, but it is said to have received orders to observe humanitarian rules on the sea. We must all try to remain calm amidst the host of rumors which are bound to come to us and not believe anything until it is proved. It seems a horrible thing to think of innocent people being subjected to such an experience, when the ship could not have carried any war supplies because she was bound away from England. The blame for this disaster must not be fixed on anyone until we have positive proof. I shall be thankful when all of my family and friends are safely back in this country and I am sure that every other American citizen feels the same way. It seems as though the sun could hardly shine upon & world where one man is able to speed ciwlization downward. The little daily round of one's occupations goes on for all of us, however, and I rode yesterday morning

and greeted my solemn grandbaby. who seems to sense

what 1s the name of a word which stands for, or instead of a noun? 6—How is 1812 written in Roman numerals?

Answers

1—Sacramento River, 2—The Land of Nod. 3—Abraham Lincoln. 4—No; they use their trunks to take up water and expel it into the mouth, 5—Pronoun. 6—MDCCCXII.

ASK THE TIMES

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St, N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice cannot be given nor can extended research be under= taken,

an hour and on that occasion he never did turn up peacetime commercial transactions. because ‘the weather was bad and they were grounded. Subject to the President's approvHe said that he had not expected me to be at the al, funds may be collected in this airport, so he had circled around the cottage twice in| country for humane missions in war order to let me know he was on the way. torn countries. Violators are subWe were a long time over lunch. I think the sweet | ject to a fine of $50,000, five years little girl who has been staying here, decided that imprisonment or both, grown-ups did more talking than eating, they were| Section 4—Exempts from the act even slower than she could be. Finally rather wist- an American republic or republics fully, she asked to be excused. After lunch some | engaged in war against a nonfriends left us and a little later others arrived. It|{American state or states, provided seems as though everyone came with the same ques-|the American republic is not cotion: “Is there anything new on the radio, or have operating with a non-American you heard anything from Washington?” state or states in such war,

JOIN HOWE HIGH STAFF

Bight new members have been added to the Thomas Carr Howe High School faculty. The are W. C, Christensen, Miss Martha R. Eckert, Milton Gamble, Darrell H. Gooch, Miss Marthellen Ratcliff, Miss Marjorie R. Schoch, William M. Smith and Byron K. Willis,

as 4

"That cowbell makes me so homesick, Mother—it sounds just like the ice cream man coming down our block,"