Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 May 1939 — Page 4

SPAGE 4

| LITVINOV TO B ENVOY TO U, S., JAP AID HINTS

mor Heard in London; ; ‘Peace Front’ Talks Wait Explanation.

} (Continued from Page One)

Europe's Riddle

when Russia’s policy in Europe was a crucial factor in a struggle to

check expansionist nations and prevent war. Premier Molotov’s opinions on aliening Russia in a military alliance with Great Britain and France, which M. Litvinov had been trying to do, and the reasons for M. Litvinov's resignation were secrets of the Kremlin. The burning question throughout Europe today was whether the new Foreign Commissar would stop, slow, or speed the negotiations with France and Great Britain for a joint defense of any European country that might be attacked. M.- Molotov has been premier since 1930. Before the Russian Revolution, M. Molotov lived abroad frequently, and learned to speak German ang French. However, he has had no direct experience in foreign affairs. Under Stalin, he has become Russia’s second most powerful man. His forte is “liquidation” of Soviet enemies. It was he who denounced Col. Charles A. Lindbergh as a “paid liar” for reporting that Soviet aviation was inferior te Germany's. In condemning the League of Nations,

he has proposed bilateral agree- |

ments to strengthen Russia's foreign policy.

British Wait Reason

For Litvinov’s OQuster LONDON, May 4 (U. P.).—British and French negotiations for a military agreement with Russia were temporarily frozen today when the Soviet Government failed to provide an explanation for replacing Foreign Commissar Maxim Litvinov with Premier Viacheslav M. Molotov. Speculation was rife in every European capital concerning the causes behind M. Litvinov’s retirement and its probable consequence. One fact was evident—it had a close connec%ion to the prolonged negotiations for a British-French-Russian military alliance. These negotiations were not the British Government’s only worry, however, for bombs planted by terrorists, presumably Irish Republican Army members, exploded throughout the morning in the Charing Cross section. Five persons were injured by three bombs.

Talks With U. S. Begun

Prime Minister Chamberlain announced in Commons that trade barter negotiations, exchanging tin and rubber for cotton and wheat, had been opened with the United States. He declared also that if the military bill runs the full three years now planned, 800,000 conscripted men would be trained. The bill was on second reading today. Sir Samuel Hoare, Home Secretary, told a questioner in Commons that nine Nazis had been expelled from Great Britain. Despite his denial that 50 more would be expelled, it was understood a list totaling perhaps 30 was being prepared. Germany today expelled six Britons in retaliation. Two Alternatives Seen The next move in the Soviet negotiations was up to Britain. She still is to reply to Russia's three-point proposal: (1) That the three powers

“sign an alliance for mutual aid

against aggression in Europe; (2) that they sign a military pact designating the exact form of coliaboration applying to specific cases; (3) that they pledge their aid tc Rumania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Esthonia in case of attack on any of them. Offer Germany Treaty The Cabinet discussed the Russian negotiations in a three-hour session yesterday but failed to agree on anything more than a plan to send more instructions to the British Ambassador in Moscow as a - basis for conversations with Soviet leaders. On the other hand, Prime Minister Chamberlain told a questioner in the House of Commons that Britain would be willing to discuss a nonaggression agreement with Germany and from other British sources there were expressions of mijsgivings about any alliance with Russia. A rumor that M. Litvinov's disappearance from the foreign ministry might lead to a Soviet-Ger-

man understanding was discounted

in Soviet circles here.

ECUADOR WANTS GALAPAGOS SANTIAGO, Chile, May 4 (TU. P).

—Ecuador was understood today to

hdve informed Chile that she would decline to cede or lease the Galapagos Islands to the United States as a naval base.

Premier Molotov

BECKS SPEECH T0 BE ON RADIO

Polish Statesman Expected To Refuse Surrender Of Danzig.

WARSAW, Poland, May 4 (U. P). —Foreign Minister Josef Beck, in his speech to Parliament tomorrow is expected to proclaim Poland's readiness to continue its policy of friendship toward Germany, but at the same time refuse to surrender Danzig, as demanded by Fuehrer Hitler. (The speech is to be broadcast on NBC-WIRE at 4 a. m. Indianapolis Time). Col. Beck, it was declared today, will insist on restricting the Danzig problem to liquidation of League of Nations control and announce his readiness to confer with Germany and other interested powers on the subject. Col. Beck’s proposal would be for withdrawal of the League High Commisioner in Danzig, abolition of the League protectorate over the Free State, and substitution of a German-Polish guarantee of the State. It was understood that Great Britain had urged Col. Beck to use moderation in his speech.

Rumanian Law on

Reservists Changed

BUCHAREST, May 4 (U.P)—A ‘law officially published today permits the Rumanian Government in peacetime to call up the first army reserves thrice annually for periods of 30 days each, instead of only once a year, as heretofore.

WAR UNLIKELY NOW, LINDBERGH BELIEVES

(Copyright. 1939, by United Press) WASHINGTON, May 4—Col Charles A. Lindbergh has told friends that he is confident there is no immediate danger of war in Europe, it was learned today. Persons who have conferred with Col. Lindbergh since he returned to the United States and began a survey of aviation research facilities for the Army, said he was discounting war talk in this country with the contention that people abroad are not concerned about war. He made his views known in conversations with influential men close to the aviation problem. He expressed the opinion that unless the United States hastens its air expansion program, it will find itself at least five years behind Germany, which he now rates first in planes and first in research facilities. Once this country’s program is started, however, he believes it can |surpass Germany easily in mass | production of planes. These views of Col. Lindbergh were learned as high official circles indicated that France is planning {to increase its purchase of military planes in this country to more than 1200.

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Army Overruled as Cabinet Seeks Better Relations With Democracies.

TOKYO, May 4 (U. P).—Japan, it was understood today, has refused to join Germany and Italy in a miljtary alliance against the European democracies. Government sources disclosed that that Baron Kiichiro Hiranuma, the Premier, obtained Imperial consent to a military alliance of Japan, Germany and Italy strictly limited to resisting Soviet aggression. Shortly thereafter Foreign Minister Hachiro Arita conferred with the Italian and German Ambassadors separately to inform them. The decision constitutes a refusal by Japan to become entangled in the affairs of Europe and was expected to have wide repercussions.

Army Dissatisfied

Some factions in the Army still favored a broad alliance against the democracies and even agitated for overthrow of the Cabinet on that issue, it was learned. The Navy, however, favored avoidance of European affairs. Several possibilities were seen, as follows: 1. Germany and Italy may refuse to accept an agreement naming the Soviet Union exclusively. 2. The whole anti-Communist agreement may be weakened, since Japan is not willing to participate against the democracies and Italy is not interested in Soviet problems.

Decide to Take Risk

3. The present Japanese-German anti-Communist relations might be replaced with antagonism between Tokyo and Berlin, which long has been brewing under the surface. Japanese leaders canvassed these possibilities and decided to take the risk, it was said, particularly if weakening of Japanese-German relations would improve Tokyo's relations with Britain, France and the United States.

OIL CONFEREES OPTIMISTIC

SALTILLO, Mexico, May 4 (U. P.) —Settlement of the dispute with American oil companies over the expropriation of their Mexican properties was forecast today in an optimistic statement by President Cardenas’ secretary after three days of conferences among Gen. Cardénas, Donald Richberg, attorney for the oil companies, and Dr. Francisco Najera, Mexican Ambassador to the United States.

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navian and Baltic states. The offer previously had been made to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Latvia and Esthonia. Observers believed Germany’s object is not only to safeguard its northern front in event of war, but to short-circuit and offset the democratic antiaggression system. It was ungerstood the negotiations so far have not gone beyond the stage of purely tentative German proposals. It was assumed that if countries such as Greece, which already has received a one-sided British-French guarantee, signed a mutual nonaggression pact with Germany, they would be precluded from rendering the democracies any assistance in case of war. . The German press continued to report alleged Polish atrocities. The official news agency reported from Gleiwitz that windows in the headquarters of the Young German Party at Biala had been smashed, windows of German homes broken as well as “many other attacks on German property.”

Scandinavians Seek

Formula for Rejection

STOCKHOLM, Cay 4 (U: P)— Germany's offer of nonaggression pacts was considered by foreign observers today to be a threat to the unity of the Scandinavian countries as well as an embarrassing problem for the four capitals of Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland. Norway, Sweden and Finland are able to risk the consquences of refusal but Denmark, in an exposed position, is not eager to risk the wrath of Germany. All the Scandinavians, however, wish to remain free of commitments to any group of powers. The foreign ministers of the four powers will meet here next Tuesday to decide on a uniform reply to Germany. They are expected to seek a solution which would avoid a breach in their ranks. The first indication was that they will play for time, informing Berlin that the problem requires study. The Scandinavian countries also can argue that they led the movement to suspend Article 16 of the League of Nations covenant (the sanctions article) in order to remain neutral, and also refrained from commitments to other nations, so that therefore they do not desire to enter into an agreement with Germany. Norway also is able to cite a statement in Parliament by C. J. Hambro, speaker of the Storting, that Norway will not accept a British guarantee if it is offered.

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Pact Against Aggression

BERLIN, May 4 (U. P)—Germany moved to extend her nonaggression front today with tentative offers of mutual nonaggression pacts to Greece and other small European powers in addition to the Scandi-

HUNGARY'S REGENT ORDERS ELECTIONS

BUDAPEST, May 4 (U.P.)—Admiral Nicholas de Horthy, Regent of Hungary, today ordered elections held the latter part of this month to test strength of the Government party. Parliament was dissolved yesterday immediately after the return from Berlin of Premier Teleki and Foreign Minister Josef Csaky, where they conferred on Hungary's closer alignment with the Rome-Berlin

In its first secret ballot, the nation will determine the strength of the Teleki Government as opposed to small landowners, the National Socialists and the Liberals.

GERMANS FEARFUL

DUCE- WEAKENING

(Continued from Page One)

that the ground was being prepared for them. : As viewed in Berlin, Italy has three objections to any German move against Poland: 1. Italy and Poland are friendly; 2. A German thrust of Danzig or the Polish Corridor would put Germany in the position of again operating axis politics to her advantage while Italy guarded Germany’s backdoor without pay; 3. Italy might be involved in a German-Polish war in which she would have no interest. Some quarters took an entirely different view of the Nazi leaders visits. They said that possibly the British and French negotiations for a military agreement with Russia was about to he offset by a strengthening of the Rome-Berlin axis into a formal military alliance, to which point it has never developed officially. They also believed that Col. Gen. von Brauchitsch had been so impressed by the strength of Italy’s Army, Navy and Air Force, that Herr Hitler believed it was time to demonstrate his friendship with his axis partner.

CLAIM BRITISH SAW ROOSEVELT APPEAL

LONDON, May 4 (U. P.).~The Left Wing newspaper ‘The Week” said today that in the original text of President Roosevelt's recent message to Chancellor Hitler and Premier Mussolini, asking for a peace pledge, he had included Danzig among the 31 nations he wanted the dictators to guarantee from aggression. The text was submitted to Great Britain and France a week before it was made public and reference to Danzig was eliminated at the suggestion of British and French officials, after they had conferred together on it, the newspaper said.

HIT AT DOUBLE TAXES PARIS, May 4 (U. P.).—French and American negotiators concluded the draft of a convention today eliminating double taxation of their citizens and business firms in either country. The draft will be referred to the respective governments for approval.

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