Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1939 — Page 13
Vagabond From Indiana — Ernie Pyle
The Rev. Mr. Wallock Dreams Great Dreams of His 'Holy City' in the Beautiful Wichita Hills of Oklahoma.
AWTON, Okla, April 20.—Country preachers don’t get much pay. I don’t suppose the Rev. A. M. Wallock is much better off in gold than his fellow showman “Shorty” Miller, the old-time “spieler” who is now on relief. Yet such is the Rev. Mr. Wallock's spiritual tenacity that today he is the man responsible for an outdoor stage-city worth $150,000; he is responsible
for an attraction that draws 160,000 people at one sitting; he is responsible for 2000 actors and 60,000 tourists who come each year to visit “Holy City” in the Wichita Mountains. It is all in his hands. Mr, Wallock seems neither dynamic nor forceful. He is polite, and a little shy, and talks in dreamterms. He was born in Austria, came over with his parents when he was one year old, and was brought up in Chicago. He became a Methodist preacher, and then he switched to the Congregationalist Church. In 1918 he came te Oklahoma, because he wanted to get out of the big city, out where people had room. He wanted to become a genuine part of some community, and spend the rest of his days with them. He arrived in Lawton 15 years ago. He has no intention of ever moving from here, although he would be a “good soldier” if the church should move him. But if theyre wise they won't. We told of his love for the mountains, and how that led him gradually into the production of perhaps the greatest Easter morning pageant in America. Today the pageant has become such a spectacle that no one man could possibly direct it alone. Yet Mr. Wallock almost does that. True, he has the organized help of all the businessmen of Lawton. And most of the women. And yet, in Lawton, nobody takes any credit. Only the name of the Rev. Mr. Wallock is mentioned.
The New Oberammergau?
Out where “Holy City” now stands, there used to be an old barn. It has been rock-walled outside, and fixed up inside into a lovely home. Here live Mr. Wallock’s sister and her husband, Caretaker Barre. It iv necessary for somebody to be out there the year round. As the years pass, Mr. Wallock spends more and more of his time out there. He will soon have to give up his pastorate in Lawton and then he will come out here to stay, for here is his work. The Rev. Mr. Wallock sees in the future a whole vast city spreading over these mountains—an immense, untenanted city of turrets and domes and towers, dominated by a great figure of Christ on one of the peaks. He sees it as a great shrine, to which people will come from the corners of the earth for peace. I believe he has some vague feeling that from these Wichita Mountains may some day come a message that will bring us literal world harmony and brotherly love. He does not expect these things in his lifetime. Somehow, he seems to have a feeling that his life's end is near, although he is yet in early middle age. He has never been back to the oid country; has never seen the Oberammergau Passion Play. He hopes to go in the summer of 1940. I believe that some day the Wichita Mountain Easter Sunrise Service will be the greatest single attraction in America, because of this one man’s almost spiritual feeling for it. But we'll have to think up a new name for it. “Wichita Mountain Easter Sunrise Service” is too big a mouthful. Maybe some day its fame will simplify it into merely “Lawton.” We might say “We're going to ‘Lawton’ this year,” as we would say “Were going to Oberammergau.” Maybe Lawton is the new Oberammergau.
My Day
By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt
Shocked at Tragic Death of Nephew; Youth Had Love for Adventure.
EATTLE, Wash, Wednesday— Yesterday started out S to be a happy day. Home from the hospital, as I told you, the baby protested violently in the afternoon at his change of scene. His protests, however, only proved how strong and healthy he is. When he settied down, he slept the sleep of the just and the very weary, and from that time on was apparently acclimated. But, in the world, happiness and tragedy so often step on each other's heels. While we were at supper and young Curtis was talking to us about his plans for his ninth birthday, the telephone rang at John's elbow. He took it up to hear the shocking news of my voung nephew's death in an airplane accident in Mexico. He and Pete Rumsey had stayed at the White House on their way down. I imagine all of us have been anxious not only over this trip, but on many occasions, for Danny was still young enough not to have learned the difference between recklessness and courage. He loved adventure, and last summer went to Spain because he felt that was the spot where adventure centered. He returued safely and I began to feel that Providence might watch over him, as so often is the case with young people. It is tragic to see a young life, a brilliant mind, with promise of development and great usefulness, cut off so soon. Yet, we must believe that there is a reason for all things in the universe and turn to help those, if we may, who are left behind and will carry through life the scar of a great sorrow.
‘Be Kind to Animals’ Week
Children are remarkably understanding sometimes. When I kissed Curtis good night, I thought I might jeave during the night and told him so. His answer was: “Of course, grandmere. My birthday isn't so important. Perhaps youll come next year.”
Mr. Pyle
When I found my brother was going to Mexico | City, I decided to leave this morning, only to find |
that I could obtain no space. I am, therefore, leaving tonight and hope that the luck which I have had on my last two trips will hold once again and that I will arrive in time to be of some use. | Some time ago, I was asked to remind you that this was a special week, April 17 to 23 having been designated as “be kind to animals week.” In 1866, Henry Bergh founded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to animals. His work, which | was primarily a work of education in the care and | treatment of animals, to prevent young pecple and | older people from inflicting needless pain or cruelty | through ignorance, has been carried on and has ac- |
complished a great deal. The society will continue |}
to do good work if people who love animals join it | and support it. :
Day-by-Day Science
By Science Service HE world’s history is not all being made around T European council tables and it is not all being recorded in state department and foreign office files. Colored pictures of patients with square, reddened | areas on their faces, shown at the recent meeting of | the American College of Physicians, are records of medical history in the making which may have more | far-reaching importance for humanity than the almost | daily redrawings of the map of Europe. These colored pictures of patients with a square | patch of reddened skin are pictures of the first pa- | tients treated with science’s latest weapon against cancer—neutron rays produced by the atom-smashing evelotron of the University of California. The pic- | tures were shown to physicians by Prof. E. O. Lawrence, inventor of the eyclotron and director of the radiation laboratory at the University of California | where a small group of patients with advanced cancers
are now being treated. 1
It is too early to say whether the treatments are proving cures for cancer, bat Prof. Lawrence and the | i Sse with him are
| feorn.
3
The Indianapolis
Times
Second Section
They Call |
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THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 1939
t Chemurgy
Variety of New Products Made From Milk and Cotton
(Second of a Series)
By Paul Friggens
NEA Service Staff Wriler
HAT 40 billion pounds of skim milk American farmers are pouring over the fence every year to their hogs might very well be clothing the nation. It could be making “glass” telephone hand sets, steering wheels and scores of other plastic products as well,
Finally, if another war comes, this milk could be used to seal clothing against
| passage of poisonous gases.
That is how far chemurgy has gone today in finding new uses for farm products. Out of the commonplace milk bottle have come enough discoveries to revolutionize the entire dairy industry. There is, for example, synthetic milk “wool” which can now be
made from milk casein. It is washable, will take ordinary dyes, is almost as durable as the natural product. It is not as warm, however, because it is solid, whereas real wool is hollow. But chemurgy doesn’t care about that. It doesn’t want the Western sheepman to get alarmed either. This synthetic wool would be used in finishing woolen, rayon and cotton textiles. It would be valuable in extending the world’s inadequate wool supply. This is how it is being used in Italy today on a large scale. One large Milan company can make 12 yards of beautiful fabric with a wool-like quality and finish from seven pounds of casein. Extensive experiments have been made in the United States in recent months to produce this milk wool commercially. Drs. Earle O. Whittier and Stephen Gould of the United States Bureau of Dairy Industry hold the first American “public service” patents for this development. But a number of patent applications have been made by other American
scientists. = 2 2
ONSIDER the chemurgic possibilities in this single discovery. Approximately 46 billion pounds of skim milk are available for processing in the United States annually according to the Department of Agriculture. Of
this amount 38 billion pounds are used as livestock feed, less than seven billion for human food and one billion for casein. What might be done with 40 billion pounds of skim milk? Chemurgy can make cloth out of casein. It can make such plastics as costume jewelry, telephone hand sets, steering wheels, buttons. It has produced a cellophane type of paper from skim milk solids. If solids as well as fibrous products can be obtained from milk who can predict the multitude of articles that may eventually come to create new farm income? So speculate the chemurgists. And they have ample grounds. The by-products of milk are a fantastic lot. There is the rubberlike substance polymethylacrylate, closely related to organic glass. This is made from the strawcolored liquid called whey, what is left of milk after the casein is obtained. It is transparent, highly elastic, vough and does not discolor in sunlight. Chemurgy already visualizes a number of uses for it but one of the potential uses may come in war. Polymethylacrylate seals clothing against the passage of poisonous gases. = = =
0% large commercial dairy _ plant is now able to produce lactic acid by fermenting milk sugar of the whey left from casein manufacture. This plant has found a market for all its lactic acid, but more could be made if new uses were found, says Dr. Harry E. Barnard, research director of the National Farm Chemurgic Council. Recently, the U. S. Bureau of Dairy Industry has found it possible to make a resin from lactic acid, which promises to be useful in making varnishes and lacquers that are resistant to alcoho! and water and that adhere to metals. Still another notable achievement of the chemurgist is the utilization of whey for recovering valuable milk sugars. Laboratory experiments have also dzmon-
strated the possibility of using large quantities of sweet whey in soups, fruit whips and candy. A process has been perfected by which the small cheese factories can concentrate and preserve whey for sale to food manufacturers and confectioners. Whey has also been found a good source of Vitamin G or riboflavin. A new product has thus been developed which is a complex of protein, calcium and phosphorous. Calcium deficiency is the most widespread deficiency in the American dietary. ” ” » ILK then may be expected to go far in advancing the chemurgic idea. Casein is used very largely today by the paper industry, most of the 35 million pounds produced annually going for that purpose. But since it is possible to use it in finishing textiles, chemurgists visualize important new markets for a large tonnage of surplus milk. The plastic field may be extended at the same time. As a matter of fact, chemurgy has gone so far that it has already developed two synthetic wools. It can make this cloth out of soybeans as well as milk, Thus chemurgy believes either bossy or beans may restore prosperity to the farmer yet. = 2 EJ
UT the cotton farmer also .is apparently destined to receive a big boost from chemurgy. The economic welfare of the South is centered around the cotton industry and the industry is facing the gravest crisis in its history. There is a surplus of more than 11,500,000 bales of American cotton in the current crop. Foreign cotton production is rising steadily, increasing some 80 per cent since 1928. There is a marked decrease in the export of domestic cotton to foreign spinners at the same time. So the American situation calls for drastic action, Three solutions, one of which is chemurgy’s, may be considered. The United States might launch a program to increase its cotton exports through a barter program with Great Britain and other countries involving tin and rubber. It might curtail production to the 7,000,000 bales consumed annually. Or finally, the industry may turn to wholesale development of new uses for cotton. Chemurgy sees the real hope in this last direction. Chemurgy sees this hope because already it has developed scores of uses for cotton not ordinarily associated with the plant. It is confident that hundreds more can be discovered by exhaustive research. All this will
Sa
Complete milk-wool sunt
take time, of course. Chemurgy makes no predictions as to the ultimate salvation of the cotton industry but it is sure it can go a long way toward improving it. ” 2 ” ONSIDER the possibilities as chemurgy sees them: You would ride on cotton roads, live in a cotton house, bathe in a cotton tub, dress in fireproof cotton clothes and listen to “cotton” music under intensive chemurgic development. You would use cotton in varnish, lacquers, explosives, cellophane, rayon, airplanes, automobiles, as a substitute for ceramic tile, as floor covering and even in toys for children. As one chemurgist has put it, you might conceivably use cotton in some 10,000 forms. Cotton roads, the chemurgists are confident, are going to do much to decrease Dixie’s surplus of the white staple. They base their predictions on a series of experiments which show bitu-minous-surfaced roads which have a cotton binder—a coarse cotton sheet between layers of tar prod-
Sealing
ucts—are easy to build and economical to maintain. “The properly built cotton road is virtually waterproof, with no water seeping into the base and permitting freezing weather to cause damage which appears in the ‘frost boils’ and ravelings that make annual repairs a necessity,” Clinton T. Revere, New York engineer, recently told the annual convention of the National Farm Chemurgic Council. . Revere estimated the maximum cost of building cotton roads at $5000 a mile with the “annual maintenance charge reduced practically to nil.” He pointed to 2,000,000 miles of farm-to-market roads alone as possible outlets for this phase of cotton utilization. 2 os 2
OST of the products made from cotton so far have come from the cotton linters, the little “fuzz” that sticks to the seed when the fibre is removed. They make an impressive list, including fountain pen barrels, paper, wiring, insulation, phonograph records, plastic parts for automobiles, sur-
Hitler, 50 Today, Youngest of Major Dictators After Six Years of Power
By Bertram Benedict Times Special Writer ASHINGTON, April 20.— Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler, 50 years old today, is the youngest of three great contemporary dictators. Mussolini is 55. Stalin is approximately 60. Yet Hitler did not seize complete power as young as did his Italian counterpart. The German was 43 when he became Reichsfuehrer, whereas the Italian was 39 when he became II Duce. Stalin was about 45 when he took over from Lenin. Gen. Franco, who now controls all Spain, is 46. As for four outstanding postWorld War dictators who are no longer with us—Nikolai Lenin was 48 when Russia fell under his absoIutism. Kemal Ataturk was only 39 when he became supreme in Turkey. Primo de Rivera was 53 when he became Spanish dictator, and Marshal Pilsudski was no less than 58
when he became Polish dictator. The outstanding dictator of the New World, Porfirio Diaz of Mexico, first became president‘ of Mexico when he was 46.
The same absence of a definite age pattern for dictators is found
when one goes farther back into history. Napoleon was only 30 when he took over the destinies of what had been the French Republic, but Oliver Cromwell was 53 when he dismissed Parliament and virtually became dictator of England. To go even farther back, Alexander the Great was only 20 (he died at 33) when he succeeded his father, Philip of Macedon, but Julius Caesar was 53 when he crossed the Rubicon. (The Roman republic had provided by law for the position of dictator in times of crisis, but the status was to be only a temporary one. After Caesar's death, Mark Anthony had the dictatorship provision in the laws repealed, and Caesar's successors as emperors were careful to avoid calling themselves Dictators.)
T 50, Mussolini and Stalin were sitting securely in the seats of the mighty. So were Lenin, Ataturk, Porfiro Diaz. But at 50 Napoleon was eating out his heart on St. Helena.
Hitler has been dictator of Germany in name as well as fact for more than six years. Mussolini has been dictator for 17 years, Stalin for 15. Death cut short the dictatorship of Lenin after six years, of Ataturk after 18 years, of Pilsudski after nine years. Cromwell’s absolute control lasted about five vears, as did that of Julius Caesar. As for dictators who were deposed before death, Rivera's period of
power lasted six years; Napoleen’s, 16; Porfiro Diaz’, no less than 35. Hitler's dictatorship has now lasted about as long as did Lenin's. Few observers will deny that in six years the German model has more profoundly affected the world than did the Russian.
Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis, Ind.
at Postoffice,
/
) . 4 i against poisonous wartime gases
gical dressing, low-grade yarns. But chemurgy considers this only a part of the cotton crop. The other, and perhaps more valuable, is the cottonseed. Not so many years ago cotton farmers considered cottonseed as practically worthless. Chemurgists have now turned it into an important industrial product. From the seed, its hulls and oil come shortening, margarine and salad dressing, medical preparations, cosmetics, soap and washing powder, candles, composition roofing, linoleum, oilcloth, insulating material, livestock feed, fertilizer and “cotton rubber.” Cotton rubber is a molding material which is similar to hard rubber. It may be used for light sockets, dress ornaments, toys, bath tubs and lavatories. So 1t is typically chemurgic. It illustrates just how far the cotton patch may be utilized in industry.
The South’s big economic problem results from its surplus of cotton fiber, but at times there is an actual shortage of the cottonseed from which bathtubs may be made, for example. The United States imports approximately 200,000,000 pounds of cottonseed oil at the present time and large quantities of vegetable oils for which cottonseed oil might be substituted. ” 2 os “TT is conceivable then,” says D. T. Killough, agronomist at Texas Agricultural Experiment station, “that a new type of'cotton plant may be developed through breeding in which the seed is the chief product, rather than the lint. “Cotton is grown primarily for its fiber and it is this which has created the burdensome surplus. One solution, therefore, would be to produce more seed and less fiber, which would require a plant that stores the larger part of its energy in its seed.” Chemurgy is already at work on that. As a matter of fact, it has already produced types of short linted seeds, lintless seed, and lint-shedding seed. Thus chemurgy accepts the challenge of cotton. And as Wheeler McMillen of the National Farm Chemurgic Council sees it, it is prepared to give no quarter.
NEXT-—Gasoline from corn.
Side Glances
BY NE
SERVIC]
"It's a wonder no one has built here before.
4-20
It's just as if nature r you to come along."
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
1—Name the first Governor of the Colony of Massachusetts Ray. 2—1Is the moon enveloped in atmosphere? 3—How many centimeters are in one meter? 4—Why are jewels watches? 5—What is the correct pronunciation of the word bayou? 6—What is the nickname for Montana? : 7—What is the species classification of lobsters? 8-—Name the last letter of the Greek alphabet.
& » 8 Answers 1—John Winthrop. 2—No.
3-100. 4+—Becase of their hardness and resistance to wear. 5—Bi’-00; not ba’-yoo. 6.—Treasure State. T—Crustaceans. 8—Omega.
used in
8 8 =
ASK THE TIMES
Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St, N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice cannot be given nor can
extended research be undertaken.
Everyday Movies—By Wortman
Tar me
Zn
\ v rosy
.
A V Workman
"It'$ especially becoming, Madame, to a person wit a retrousse nose,”
PAGE 13
ur Town & By Anton Scherrer |
Recalling the Schliewen Quartet And How a Drowning Marred Two Musical Evenings for Noblesville.
NLY an abiding faith in Adolph Schell schmidt kept me from scoffing openly when I heard his latest story. The thing sounded too perfect. It just can’t be that good, I thought. : I should have known better. Mr. Schellschmidt’s latest story not only turns out to be the gospel truth, as I have taken pains to verify, but lets in a world of light on an almost forgotten period of
Indianapolis history. Which is to say that today's piece starts with the Schliewen Quartet. Forty years ago, the Schliewen Quartet was something to rave about, It consisted of Richard Schliewen (first violin), Louisa Schrader (second violin), Rudolph Koster (viola) and Mr. Schellschmidt (cello), a group which for temper and temperament had everything beat in Indianapolis at the time. But Lord, how they could Mr Scherrer play! They gave Indianapolis its first taste of chamber music and did it so well and eloquently that we haven’t had anything like it since. Indeed, people outside the city begged for the privilege of hearing them. ' And so once upon a time they extended their field of activities to include a concert in Noblesville. Excitement ran high, and from the way things looked everybody in Hamilton County wanted to hear them.
It didn’t turn out that way, though, says Mr. Schell-
schmidt. When it came time for the concert to start, only four people were present. The impresario responsihle for the affair called off the concert, paid the musicians in full, and explained the fiasco by saying that a prominent citizen of Noblesville had fallen into the river that afternoon and that everybody in Hamilton County was down there looking for the body. Except the four at the concert, of course.
More of the Same
Well, that left the quartet with a lot of time on its hands. Three hours, as a matter of fact, because not until then did the next train leave for Indianapolis. Mr. Schellschmidt was all for going to the river and doing what they could to help the rescue workers, but Mr. Schliewen ordered otherwise. Seems that the first violin of a quartet has the last word. Mr. Schliewen said it would be a lot more to the purpose to spend the time practicing, and that’s what happened. The Schliewen Quartet played the scheduled concert all the way through, and when they finished they had seven in the audience—six women and a liver spotted pup. Which brings me to the second part of Mr. Schellschmidt‘s story—the unbelievable part which happened six weeks later. Mind you, six weeks later, On that occasion, Mr. Schellschmidt was scheduled to give a cello concert, all by himself, in Noblesville. It was in a Methodist Church, he remembers, and when it came time to start, only six women and a liver spotted pup were present. Mr. Schellschmidt swears it was the same audience that came to hear the Schliewen Quartet. The rest of Noblesville, he was told. was down at the river. Believe it or not, the night Mr. Schellschmidt picked to give his concert was the very night the body of Hamilton County’s prominent citizen finally was found! y ,
Jane Jordan—
Stormy Courtship Usually Means Unhappy Marriage, Girl Reminded.
EAR JANE JORDAN—I am a girl 23 years old and have been married but my husband and I separated five years ago. I met a nice man before Christmas and fell in love with him. We went together until about a week ago when he stepped out on me. Then because I went out with another boy he is angry. Every time he sees me he can’t say enough mean things. He says he will go ahead and go with me, but he will have other dates, but if I do so, he won't speak to me any more. I am worried and discouraged. We had planned to be married this fall, but now he says that he will never marry me. I love him very much and he says he loves me. He keeps throwing this other boy up to me. Do you think I should stand for it or break away from him? I feel that if I wait for him he will come back, but I have just worried so much the last week that I am almost sick; so please tell me what to do.
A CONSTANT READER. y 8 8
Answer: If this squabble is a sample of what your married life is to be, you have nothing to cry about, for all you are losing is trouble. Some of the unhappiest wives I know are married to men who claim all the freedom in the world for themselves but expect their wives to stay home and like it. Among the first qualities a woman should look for in a husband are the ability to reason; to see both sides of a question; to make fair and just decisions. These attributes appear to be lacking in your young man, and unless he can develop them the prognosis for a happy marriage is poor. I am not in possession of enough facts to know whether you have done the young man an injustice or not. You say he stepped out on you. Did he do it deliberately, or was he involved. in a casual set of circumstances where he had to take some girl home or be rude? If the incident was more or less unplanned on his part, you shouldn’t have taken it as a slap at you. When you struck back you expected to hurt, but now youre surprised at the results. I believe that you should have been better prepared for the wrath that followed, and when insulting things were said you should have ended your engagement yourself instead of waiting for him to do so. Now you've established a precedent which will be hard to live down. The man knows he can behave in an ugly manner with you and get away with it. Where is your pride, your self-respect, your dignity? If you permit yourself to be treated unkindly before marriage, what do you expect afterward? JANE JORDAN.
Put vour problems in a letter to Jane Jordan who will answer your questions in this column daily.
New Books Today
Public Library Presents—
Gu went out and shot Indians when he sete tled Oklahoma and they bothered his home," but we can’t shoot banks—who are we mad at?” Sa spoke the bewildered men driven from farms, which once they owned, by an economic condition beyond their control, beyond anyone's control, it seemed. IN GRAPES OF WRATH (Viking) John Steinbeck paints a vivid and heart-breaking picture. It is a forceful and poignant tale of the highways, an account of the westward migration of thousands of dise possessed farmers to California. The Joads, losing their farm in Oklahoma, load their family of 13 and their household possessions into an anciént truck, and start for the fruit lands
2000 miles away. They become a part of 300,000 job-
less “outlanders,” hated and feared by the native Californians. They are wanted only by the fruit growers for a few months a year, as cheap labor. Herded into poverty-stricken *“Hoovervilles,” these once proud people are forced to take any wage prof= fered or be hailed into jail as “reds.”