Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 April 1939 — Page 14

PAGE 14 EP The Indianapolis Times

(A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

ROY W. HOWARD RALPH BURKHOLDER MARK FERREE President d Business Manager

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Give Light and the People Will Fina Their Own Way

TUESDAY, APRIL 4, 1939

« ..THE TURNING POINT...” REAT BRITAIN'S decision to fight for the independence of Germany's menaced neighbors constitutes “a portent in British policy so momentous,” as Prime Minister Chamberlain himself admitted yesterday, “that it is safe to say it will have a chapter to itself when history comes to be written.” : The “peace bloc,” as Mr. Chamberlain called the cordon he is organizing around Nazidom, tentatively is composed of Britain, France, Poland, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey. Also, perhaps, the Soviet Union—though Moscow continues to act coyly—and eventually, possibly, even Italy. Such a ring would complete Germany’s “encirclement,” to prevent which Chancellor Hitler said Saturday he would fight. But, the British Prime Minister stressed yesterday, that only if and when Germany seeks “to rule the world by force,” will the “peace bloc” swing into action. But if she does that, Mr. Chamberlain warned, “we mean business.” Remembering the blunders of Versailles, Britain, France and the rest of the “peace bloc” should not shrink from doing justice, even where justice at this late day might come hard. Failure of the democracies to live up to their 1915 promises to Italy is largely to blame for the Rome-Berlin partnership today. Now is the time to correct all such mistakes—if such is at all possible—not after a new blood-bath settles nothing, cures nothing. If that is done, the efforts of Mr. Chamberlain may really prove to be “the turning point . . toward a more wholesome era.”

NEW WATCHDOG RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has nominated Fred H. Brown, former Senator from New Hampshire, to be ControllerGeneral of the United States. Mr. Brown thus gets one of the best jobs in the Government—a $10,000 salary, a 15vear term and protection from removal except by a vote of Congress. But what should, and we hope does, interest Mr. Brown much more than the salary and the security of his new job is its opportunity for genuine usefulness. When the New Deal began, John R. McCarl, a Republican, was Controller-General. His term ended in June, 1936, and since then Richard N. Elliott, also a Republican, has been acting Controller. There's no point now in reviewing the Roosevelt Administration’s quarrels with these gentlemen or its unsuccessful attempt, in the first Reorganization Bill, to abolish the office. We believe that, in some cases, New Deal policies were unnecessarily obstructed. And we're certain that there has been too much bureaucratic red tape and delay in the Controller-General’s operations. So Mr. Brown's opportunity is to put efficiency into the office and get it running properly. His sympathies are with the New Deal, but he will be responsible only to Congress, whose “watchdog of the Treasury” he becomes. As a Senator, he impressed us as a man of energy and courage, and those qualities will be required in the place he is to fill. For a Government spending as much money as this one needs a prompt and accurate check on its disbursements, making certain that the Constitution is obeyed and that “no money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law.”

SHORTSIGHTED STATES

tment.

HEN men or governments have long enjoyed a particular privilege, it is perfectly human for them to | hang onto it, and to think up arguments against being | depriygd of it. So it is not surprising that many states and cities are | objecting to the proposed removal of their historic privilege | of issuing tax-exempt bonds. They argue that the proposal | is both unconstitutional and uneconomic. The Federal Gov- | ernment argues the contrary. But the real core of the! controversy seems to be that the states have been enjoying what amounts to a Federal subsidy and don't want to let go of it, even to correct an obvious evil. This subsidy was acquired by the states and cities | through no specific grant of the Constitution, but through | generations of court decisions pyramided on hoary and questionable precedents. The Government contends, and with persuasive logic, that a re-examination of the issue by the “new” Supreme Court would wipe these precedents off the books. Perhaps the Government is overoptimistic about the Court. But we should like to see the issue joined and the debate settled once and for all by the nine (now eight) men who have the right to settle it. Granted that the states and cities eventually will lose millions of dollars because of higher interest rates if tax exemption is abolished, it seems to us that this consideration must be sacrificed to the graver problem which President Roosevelt summed up in these words: “A fair and effective progressive income tax and a huge perpetual reserve of tax-exempt bonds cannot exist side by side.” The late Andrew W. Mellon, when he was head of the Treasury, described the tax-exempt situation as “anomalous” and “almost grotesque.” Secretaries of the Treasury Glass, Houston, Mills and Morgenthau also condemned it. The huge bargains offered to the rich by tax-exempt bonds are a barrier to new investing which would stimulate | the new enterprises for which our stagnant economy is pleading. As Undersecretary Hanes points out, the man with a $500,000 income can get just as much net profit from a 3 per cent tax-exempt bond as from an industrial bond vielding 10.71 per cent. Who but a fool would risk his money in a new industry when he can do as well or better in a sure thing? If the gradual elimination of tax-exemption helped open up the great reservoirs of money that are available for venturesome investment in enterprise, the states and cities would share richly in the rewards of improved business

| her maternal attentions.

Their oppesition is shortsighted. ¥ : ag

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In Washington

By Raymond Clapper

Party Conservatives Gunning for Mr. Simpson, Dewey's Mentor, and New York ©. O. P. Faces Split.

EW YORK, April 4—Surprising to relate, it is quite possible that the Republican Party in New York will throw out the liberal leadership which has been so spectacularly successful in the last two years and bring forward the Presidential candidacy of Thomas E. Dewey under the auspices of conservatives

and friends of Herbert Hoover. That is certain to be the case unless tempers cool and clashes of personalities subside within the next few months. As the situation is developing now, it is likely to produce an explosion within the Republican organization that would alter the nature of the Dewey campaign for President and perhaps adversely. While some hope remains that peacemakers can bring the situation together, it has advanced so far that the task will be extremely difficuit. An effort is being made to remove from the picture, Kenneth F. Simpson, who is New York County Chairman, Republican National Committeeman for New York State, and the man who led the rejuvenation of the Republican Party in New York City and made Mr. Dewey District Attorney. ” 2 8

ESPITE these victories, which put the Republican Party back on the map, Mr. Simpson earned the unrelenting hatred of reactionary Republicans because he played with the American Labor Party and insisted that the Republicans adopt a more progressive attitude. Wall Street Republicans, angered at Mr. Simpson, held back on contributions for Mr. Dewey's campaign for Governor. In desperation, some of Mr. Hoover's friends finally were persuaded to pitch in with funds. During the campaign for Governor, Mr. Dewey wisely insisted upon keeping national issues out of the state fight. Conservative Republicans wanted him to tear into Mr. Roosevelt. He refused to do so. Although Mr. Hoover was in New York during the height of the campaign, Mr. Dewey did not see him and the hint was conveyed that he should not make any speech or statement for Mr. Dewey. Mr. Hoover may have been hurt, but if so, he understood the situation because now relations between him and Mr. Dewey are most cordial. ” ” ” HIS last turn of affairs has been highly displeasing to Mr. Simpson. When Mr. Simpson went to Washington to attend the Republican National Committee meeting last December, he issued a sharp statement declaring the Republican Party could not hope for success in 1940 if it returned to the days of Mr. Hoover and the Liberty League. That statement undoubtedly embarrassed Mr. Dewey and it caused deep resentment among conservative Republicans. Mr. Simpson felt that Mr. Dewey, in cultivating Mr. Hoover, was repudiating him and moving over to the conservative wing. The conservative Republicans are coming around the corner now to give Mr. Simpson the beating of his life, they think, when he seeks re-election as New York County Chairman next September. If they can bounce him then, he will be robbed of his power. Although he might continue as National Committeeman until the 1940 national convention, he would be without any control. It’s my guess that Mr. Dewey will interpose no obstacles in the way of this effort to sponge the hated liberal Simpson out of the picture. Mr. Simpson, enormously successful in restoring the old party to life is finding the: the fruits of victory are not so very sweet. (Mr. Pegler is on a brief vacation)

Business

By John T. Flynn

Cotton Plan Looks Like Start of New Era in Economic Planning.

EW YORK, April 4—The President's plan to subsidize the export of cotton is something more than a stratagem for escaping from a very difficult jam. It has the appearance of being the beginning of a new phase in our economic difficulties. The last six years might be called the era of loans. The coming one might be called the era of cancellations. This is the beginning. The story of our plans to save the cotton farmers

| during the last six years is indeed an extraordinary

one. Before it began, Mr. Hoover had tried his hand at it. He had, through his famous and ill-starred Farm Board, bought up whole warehouses full of cotton bales to keep up the price.

There was really not much excuse for this blunder. The world had just gone through a series of experiments to save rubber in the Straits Settlements, coffee in Brazil, sugar here and in Cuba and Java, copper everywhere and a host of other commodities. Every one of these experiments had met with the most disastrous failures. Mr. Hoover's efforts on top of this, were, to say the least, unhappy. But after his failure there was really very little to be said for the plan. Nevertheless when the present Administration came in it went straight for the same methods, a little changed in form. First it sought to limit acreage by subsidy payments. Then it used the soil conservation scheme and loans on unsalable cotton. The chief difference between the Farm Board and the Roosevelt plan was that the Farm Board got all the surplus cotton by buying it and the Roosevelt plan got it by lending money on it as collateral.

Policy of Cancellation

Mr. Roosevelt set out to limit production of cotton. The number of bales produced in the last two years was more than the number of bales produced in 1931 and 1932. The price of cottou in 1933 and 1932 on the farm was around 6 cents. It is not much better than that now. And the surplus carryover is almost as great. But the Government itself holds the surplus or a large part of it as collateral for loans. - The surplus is now a horrible weight hanging over the market. The big question is how to get rid of the surplus and how to get rid of the loans. The President plans to dump the surplus abroad—“dump,” the word he has used to condemn Germany. : We have made loans on houses, on farms, on crops. on cotton, on wheat, on all sorts of things. They run into the billions. They have been listed by the President as among the “assets” which reduce our deficit. Now we begin the policy of cancellation.

A Woman's Viewpoint By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

EN in the clutches of loving women are often pitiable creatures. For there is something vampirish about intense wifely devotions, something that drains the very life out of the adored being. And as fewer children are seen in middle-class homes and more of us exist in two-by-four apartments, where the wife doesn’t have enough work to do with her hands or brains, it is not strange that there should appear a warped, unnatural kind of married

love to destroy our peace of mind. A woman is apt to concentrate all her infinite capacity for loving upon one person, if she hasn't several to spill it upon. In the childless marriage it is the ill-fated husband. Morning, noon and night her thoughts hover over him; wherever he goes her solicitude accompanies him. At home he is smothered by In short, before long a web of wifely adoration tightens about him in a death grip.

We are accustomed to speak of these women as good wives. Their friends point them out as individuals who are ready to make any sacrifice and who are interested in nothing beyond the beloved’s welfare. Their husbands, we say, will one day rise up to call them blessed. But we are wrong. Instead, these illfated men are much more likely to curse them—and who can blame them? For the person who becoines the apple of another's eye is in imminent danger of slow annihilation. Children act as emotional stabilizers in the home. One reason Grandpa and Grandma got along comfortably together was because both of them were so occupied they had little time to worry about love. Now-

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The Hoosier Forum

I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

THINKS RUSSIA RIGHT IN SHEDDING SOCIALISM By E. F. 8. Roy Howard's observations on Russia were probably accurate but Russia’s apparent incongruities with the ideal of socialism may have

some justification. . The naive will discard the idealism of socialism because of its apparently impracticability. While it is agreed that the Russian standard of living is inferior to ours, even the Russians admit they don’t have the ideal of socialism.

# 4 & CHEERED BY FIGHT ON SUBVERSIVE FORCES

By Everett R. Clinchy; Director, National Conference of Christians and Jews, New York. The growing concern of thoughtful citizens with the necessity of preserving democratic principles and with combating symptoms of preju-| dice and intolerance is one of the most hopeful indications that the traditional American principles of liberty and tolerance will be guarded against the subversive forces that] are attempting to foist totalitarian ideologies upon this country. There is an increasing need for Americans who love liberty and do not want to see this country disfigured by the religious and racial hatreds which have torn other lands, to mobilize with their fellows who are attempting to defend our historic freedoms. Whether democracy as we understand it in the United States can be successfully safeguarded against the forces which are attempting to subvert it will depend upon whether the nucleus of citizens most urgently concerned with spiritual values can successfully compete against Communist, Fascist and Nazi forces for the allegiance of the mass of people. It is essentially a struggle for education for religion and democracy against propagandas of hatred and strife. ” ” 2 SUGGESTS METHOD

OF ENDING CRIME By Justice We could stop crime the easy way by making every officer in the Army, Navy and Marine Corps a G-Man. Let them work free from politics and start with the ward heelers and would-be-attorneys who are nothing but fixers. Pay them well for every one they convict. Get rid of this mob and you get rid of 90 per cent of crime. 2 2 2 ROADSIDE TREE PLANTING URGED By John Peterson

All appropriations for road building and improvement should auto-

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious con troversies excluded. Make your letter short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed, but names will be withheld on request.)

matically carry provisions for roadside tree planting. Had this been done when good roads were inaugurated in this country, we would now have a most beautiful countryside, comfort in travel and great enhancement in property values, The cost of such a program, considering the amounts spent on our road systems would be so insignificant and the ultimate results so desirable that it is hard to believe we have not taken full advantage of this wonderful opportunity. Trees improve with the years and furnish real permanent improvement. ”n 2 8 ACCEPTS SEAT IN EINSTEIN'S ‘COURT By Daniel Francis Clancy, Logansport Says Admirer in a recent letter to the Forum: * , , . Mr. Einstein indicates his interest in a sort of ‘Court of Wisdom’ in which 20 of the world's wisest men might sit and deliver judgments of the world's affairs which, though without any compelling force behind them, might at least set up a standard against which men could measure actual affairs.” Expressing to Prof. Einstein my full support I hereby announce my acceptance of a seat.

APRIL MOODS By VIRGINIA POTTER April is a changing month, With moods like women folks— And every day a new surprise, Of nature's fickle jokes.

A bonnet gay we wear at dawn, The sun is shining bright, But April winds and fancy Sends rain before it's night.

Though showers come unwanted, Don't let them spoil your day; Remember April's changing moods, Will hurry flowers in May.

DAILY THOUGHT

For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many. — Matthew 24:5,

ECEIVERS are the most dangerous members of society. They trifle with the best affections of our nature, and violate the most sacred obligations.—Crabbe.

DOESN'T THINK MUCH OF HITLER'S WORD By W. R. Rawlinson

One thing you learn from Hitler’s latest march; his word isn’t worth the cost of the current it takes to broadcast it.

But what else can you expect from a government which takes to itself the attributes of the Almighty? And is there a single modern government which hasn't claimed the moral right to break every commandment of God and man, in case it becomes “necessary”? The evil is not Hitler's government as opposed to some other, say our own. It's the philosophy which lies behind it. That evil philosophy is present in every country in the world, however democratic. Time spent in jumping on Hitler is wasted, so far as defending democracy is concerned. We who believe in democracy must attack the philosophy of dictatorships, so that nations no longer will support it. Hitler wouldn't last 48 hours if the German people were not behind him, As long as the democratic countries jump on Germany instead of the evil philosophy which has produced such a government, the German people will stand by Hitler. What is even worse, democracy will be steadily weakened here at home. The same evil doctrine, namely, that the state is morally all-powerful, is present in every country. The foes of democracy build on this issue, and they get stronger during every day that we hold to the illusion democracy is something which can be defended on a map by force of arms. The conflict is not geographical, but in each man’s heart.

OPPOSES FREEDOM OF SPEECH GAG ON ALIENS

By Carnie Freedman

I'd like to reply to Bernile Berman, who wrote that free speech should be barred all noncitizens. She alleged that a law of this kind would not violate Amendment 1 of the Constitution. It is true that such a law wouldn't violate the First Amendment, but it would violate Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment, which states in part, “nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of laws.” “Liberty” is defined in the Declaration of the Rights of Man as doing anything you wish, as long as it doesn't harm your fellow man. This obviously can be interpreted to include freedom of speech. The second part of the clause is easily discernible as including noncitizens as well as citizens. The “equal protection of laws,” obviously means all laws.

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LET'S EXPLORE YOUR MIND

By DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM

THE STORY OF PERSONALITY: CAN A PERSON WHO DOE! ot EE ARR RE A 600D SALESMAN P : YOUR OPINION ee

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but no husband. Second, an educated woman has higher—at least

jan is not as free to go after a husband as a man is to go after a (wife; and fourth, she usually has to pick a husband from men near her own age while an educated man ican go out almost any time and | pick a young wife. All told, the educated woman does not have the ‘chance she ought to have. ” ” ”

ALMOST ANYTHING in the practical fields is possible to a person with a fairly good mind. Two psychologists, Drs. Link and Achiles of New York, and also Dr. Kornhauser of Chicago, have shown that success tends to breed success and the salesman who starts out with determination to win can develop self-confidence by his very success, no matter whether he started out with the aggressive, gogetter personality or not. One of the best ways to develop self-confident personality is through overcoming your fears. 2 2 2 NO. It is not the eyes that are influenced but the brain and mind. It is just as easy to sell a brunet a dress or automobile or a

husband 8 it is a blond vice

TUESDAY, APRIL 4, 1939 Gen. Johnson Says—

It Is Possible We Could Improve On Hitler in Putting All to Work But It Would Mean End of Liberty.

ASHINGTON, April 4—In a valuable article in the New York Times Magazine, Mr. Otto Tolischus, from Berlin, summarizes the economic news that has been coming piecemeal out of Germany. It shows how a country poor in raw resources, al= most bankrupt financially, can, within a few years, by ruthlessly dragooning all human labor, liberty and property, put all its people to work to a point of acute labor shortage, vastly increase both its military and industrial production, create a gigantic army, airforce and defensive system of fortifications and make a good start in building a navy. There is no question that that is one of the most remarkable performances in human history. We learned something about how to do it in the World War in our mobilization of manpower and industry. We did it by indirect rather than direct methods and kept the iron hand covered by a velvet glove, but the iron hand was there. It has to be to run a nation on this formula. . 2 8 2 I= produced astonishing and unexpected results. No= ‘body had ever dreamed that this or any other country could arm and equip more than six million men in all services in a little over a year and, at the same time, not destructively interfere with the civilian uses of its industrial system. We did it but we did not scratch the surface in comparison with this German performance. It requires unhampered power to confiscate property and to conscript manpower—both for military and industrial uses. It rests on the right in Government to fix both wages and prices—and to keep both at little more than subsistence levels. It needs unauestioned authority to say how long men shall work, just whom they shall work for and to punish all those who do not work hard and well. It simply cannot admit any differences of opinion or any failure of instant obedi= ence to the masters in charge. . Of course, this is nothing more than slavery—‘“en= forced labor for private masters, not in punishment for crime.” Theoretically but not practically, we could do it too. We could do it far better than Germany has done it because we have more resources and facilities of every kind. We could completely abolish unemployment, sn 8 r is possible that, by a rigid control of wages and prices at low levels and confiscation of property and profits, we could produce at costs so low that we could undersell the world, absorb its markets—and even pro duce so much so cheaply that everybody would enjoy abundance, Certainly we could dominate the world in a military sense on land, sea and in the air. But to do all these wonderful things, we would have to say a long and final farewell to the last vestige of human liberty. You can try to solve these problems in fhe way we have tried or in the way Hitler has tried. But you can’t try both plans at once. They won't mix because you can’t permit individual liberties when you set out to enslave people by force and the fear of punishment. It is a great show that Herr Hitler has put on. He could do it because he was working with a people who have been goose-stepped for generations. It couldn’t be done here without a revolution far worse than our War Between the States.

It Seems to Me

By Heywood Broun

Gen. Franco's Victory May Turn Up As Distinct Menace to America.

EW YORK, April 4—1In a grim sort of way Amer= jcans who were opposed to Gen. Franco now have

less to worry about than those in this country who were passionate in support of the Spanish Fascist. Things are happening already, and more are to come, which will be highly embarrassing to all those who have pictured the Generalissimo as a defender of religion and a man who would bind up the wounds of a

country distracted by civil strife. The victor seems to have relented in no way from his intention to press a huge and bloody purge. It may even run into the millions, and it is well to remember that Spain is not a populous country. Unless somebody stays the hand of Franco we are likely to see a terror which will be, in proportion to population, the worst the modern world has ever known. And who will stay his hand? The only armed forces which he respects and must respect are those of Germany and Italy. The mercy of Mussolini or of Hitler is no greater than that of Franco. In a true sense every American will be compelled to worry about the future on account, of the trend of events in Spain. There can be no doubt that numberless things, both cruel and bloody, were done by the Loyalists, They became hysterical and went into savage butchery on many occasions. Within their ranks lurked Franco's fifth column. They knew that traitors were all about, and in those circumstances they behaved as men quite often do. They shot thousands of those who were wholly innocent.

Incident in Buenos Aires

But it will be useless now to debate the problem of Spain in terms of atrocities and pillage and attacks upon religion and the church. If every single charge against the Loyalists is true the fact remains that today Francisco Franco is a distinct menace to America. . So immediate is the influence that recent cables carry the news from Buenos Aires that police had suddenly halted a meeting to aid Spanish refugees, Members from the International Conference for Democracy in America were shoved away from the doors. Democracy has suffered vitally from Franco's victory. A little while ago a story appeared that Franco contemplated asking the United States for Puerto Rico as an island properly belonging to Spain. This rumor was hailed with raucous laughter here. I am not at all sure that it is so far from the possibilities. Such a device would make a most convenient wedge for interference in our affairs by the allied Fascist

nations.

Watching Your Health

By Dr. Morris Fishbein

ECENTLY a physician who specializes in mental disturbances described a number of cases typical

of the manner in which social stresses in the home may tend to bring about what people commonly call

“nervous breakdown.” For instance, a young woman, married to a laborer, with a baby a few weeks old, suddenly claimed to be married to Satan and to have passed through the Judgment Day. The mental disturbance occurred at a time when she was recovering from severe influenza. A careful study of her social relationships indi= cated that she was dissatisfied with her married life, that her husband gave her little opportunity for romance or variety in her living and that she had been simply unable to arouse him to more interest. After the baby came, the family was considerably troubled by interference from the husband's parents. The combination of circumstances was too much for her at the time when she developed the severe influenza so that her mind “broke down” under the strain. In this manner a combination of circumstances may work to bring about a serious result. It is conceivable that the young woman might have survived either the neglect, the baby, the interference, or the influenza individually. but the combination was too much for her. Cases of this type show how difficult may be the problem of the physician who is called to see a patient when it is almost impossible for the physician to find out all the details and the intimate factors of the patient's life. . Cases of this type in which the physical and

mental may be combined are an example oi the neces-

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