Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 March 1939 — Page 5
FRIDAY. MARCH 31, 1930
BRITAIN SHIFTS "FRONTIER" FROM RHINE TO POLAND
Chamberlain's Pledge Aid in Eastern Europe Breaks Precedent.
of
By WEBB MILLER
Copyright, 193¢, by United Press) LONDON, March 31 (U. P).— Great Britain today shifted her military frontier in the Rhine to the Vistula River Poland. Only a few
in
vears ago the then Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin, focused attention on Britain's vital interest in maintenance of French independence by declaring that “Britains frontier is on the Rhine.” Today in the House of Commons, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain’s conditional pledge of military aid to Poland represented the most revolutionary alteration of British foreign policy ever undertaken in peace time. Mr. Chamberiain, in shifting Rritain’s frontier to the Vistula ahandoned one of the cardinal principles of British policy which was opposed io commitments in eastern Furope. In the past, Britain had pursued a program of “splendid isolation.” Hesitaled Over Alliance
She even hesitated until recently to link herself unreservedly with France. Rut Mr together with France tion if Holland or
Chamberlain's statement with an understanding regarding military acSwitzerland were invaded, has now jettisoned traditional British policy. Mh Chamberlain heartedlv adopied war policy of encirclement of Germanv a policv on which Britain long frowned as conducive to War Just commitment
wholepost -
has France s
Rritish be In The
how compiete the to Poland will practice remains to be seen. Prime Minister made it clear that the pledee of British aid is de pendent npon an aggressive attack on Poland. creation of a danger to Polish independence and action by Poland resist In other words, the Poles ficht back before they can Rritish help.
Viewed as Stop-Gap
addition, Mur.
10 must expect
Chamberlain's offective “during the tions.” That is, 1t was designed to stave off any sudden and immediate Nazi thrust at Poland durine Rritish-led consultations with European powers for a “halt Hitler’ front. Futhermore, Mr. Chamberlain did not ahsolutelv bar return of Dansig or the Polish Corridor to the Reich. In regard to Danzig, it is possible that some arrangement could he made without endangering Poland's independence. In connection with the Corridor, Poland would be required to fight to defend it rather than accept any German proposals for a settlement before Britain intervened. In any event, the suddenness of Mr. Chamberlain's personal shift from his appeasement policy to 8 policy of resistance and now to military pledges has amazed British political circles, including some of his Cabinet members. Whether he will go farther and jater extend or broaden the present interim perviod~ pledges regarding eastern Europe was vet be clarified
In pledge present
Was
consulta
Oo
France Signs Trade Treaty With Rumania PARIS, March 3 U France signed a treaty Rumania her ports of Rumanian oil an direct answer to Germanys drive in Eastern Europe France agreed to import 490.000 tons of oil and oil products, 83300 tons of grain and substantia! amount iumber. France aiso agreed vav for all imports of Rumanian products without imposing clearing restrictions The treatv was initialed vesterday It was signed at the Foreign Office at noon today.
Auntos te Re Raught Rn
anomobiles airplanes, pharmaceutical products, oils. dves ana cotton thread As the treaty was signed the counfrv was swept bv a “Draft Lebrun” movement to keep President Albert Lebrun in office for a second term in the intenyst of national unity because the suddenly portentous Europcan situation, Lebrun had not been a candidate io succeed himself next when the Senaie and Chamber of Deputies meet in a National Assembly to name a chiel executive for the seven-vear term starting next month,
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the GovernBritain in as
A determination by ment 10 back Great “stop Hitler” drive and its firm refusal to make blanket concessions to Premier Mussolini brought a sudden move to keep M. Lebrun in office. Other men who had been meniioned for the post, including Juies Jeannenev. Senate president, and Edouard Herriot, Chamber president, appealed to M. Lebrun personally to remain. Senators of the Left Democratic group. who form a majority in the Senate. authorized M. Jeanneney to speak in their name
GIRL TO TOUR ZULULAND DURBAN, South Africa, March 31 (U. P).—Miss Doris McLaren of vancouver, and her cousin Molly McLaren of Salisbury, Rhodesia, have arrived m Durban on their way to Zululand to see some wild animals. The two giris made the trip alone from Rhodesia in a battered car which thev bought from an elephant hunter in Salisbury for £100.
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2
FOMENT CRISIS, NAZIS ASSERT
Grave Situation Develops |
MANAGUA, Nicaragua, March 31 (U. P) —Meredith Nicholson of Indianapolis was received today by President Somoza in his new capacity as Ambassador to Nicaragua. Mr. Nichelson, who previously had the rank of Minister, was raised to Ambassador in honor ol President Somoza’s inauguration for a new term yesterday and in keeping with the policy of the United States in giving more attention to South American relations.
JAPANESE SEIZE FRENCH ISLANDS
Annex Sgratly Group Claimed by Paris in 1933 And Near Philippines.
TOKYO. March 31 (U.P) --The Foreign Office announced todav that had advised France that Japan was annexing the Spratly Island group off the southeast coast of French Indo-China. Charles-Arsene Henry, the French Ambassador, was notified of Japan's decision today, it was said France in 1933 announced the annexation of the Spratly, Amboina Cay, Itu-Abu, Deux Tles, Lioaita and Thi-Tu groups of tiny islands, hardlv more than dots on the map, which spread eastward from a point about 300 miles southeast of IndoChina. The groups—of which only SpratIv was mentioned—lie between 7:32 and 11:29 north latitude, 111:55 and 114.25 east longitude.
n
Halfway te Philippines
They Indo-China the westernmost Islands. Explaining its action. the Foreign Office said that Japanese nationals had been active in the Spratly group | since 1917. The statement continued: “But the absence of administrative jurisdiction over the reefs has not only caused inconveniences with re-
and Palawan Island. of the Philippine
gard to protection and regulation of |
lives and properiv and enterprises of Japanese nationals there but has been likely to give rise to unnecessary disputes with France.”
Talks With U. 8. Delaved
Foreign Minister Hachiro Arita had planned to see the United States, British and French Ambassadors together today. It was understood thay he intended to trv to smooth over disputes regarding China and to assure the Ambassadors that Japan did not intend to enter a military alliance with Germany and Italy aimed against the democracies This plan was canceled and the French Ambassador was called in alone! It was Arita still surances
Minisiev he as-
understood that intended to give possibly tomorrow
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After Chamberlain's Pledge to Poles.
BERLIN, March 81 (U. P).-The| Nazi press—as if at a prearranged |signal—united today in a bitter attack on Great Britain. Immediately after announcement: of British and French military pledges to Poland, the state-con-
trolled Navi newspapers marked a sharp increase in tension between | the twa nations by a campaigh which apparently had been arranged | bv the Propaganda Ministry. “English lving agitation regarding Poland,” screamed the headline in ‘the Lokalanzeiger, denouncing as “lies” the London rumors of German troop movements toward the | Polish Corridor. | “Fake English report from the Polish frontier.” said another typical! headline, charging Britain with] falsely building up a crisis on the basis of rumor in order to further her program of encirclement of the Reich. Fuehrer Hitler's next move may follow quickly. i Diplomatic quariers made no effort to conceal their fears that the international situation was becoming grave again. “Impudent English lies about a German ultimatum to Poland,” read the newspaper Nachtausgabe headline. “Invented reports of troop movements.” “A new lying maneuver hy England against Germany.” the Angriff, newspaper of Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, said.
SWITZERLAND ACTS T0 GUARD FRONTIER
ZURICH, Switzerland. Maich 31 U. P).—Switzeriand taken emergency precautions within the few days to guard all frontiers against surprise attack, it was learned today. Ail frontier residents liable for army service are ready to fight within two or three hours after an alarm and they possess emergency ammunition whose exact nature is secret. | The Federal Government has ordered all mines along the frontier loaded ready for use, and roads and {bridges specially guarded. Measures taken in view of alarming reporis are nore extensive even than those taken in September curing the Crechoslovak crisis, it vas understood.
has
fast
‘Good Neighbor
Prime Minister King
CANADA STANDS WITH AMERICA
Prime Minister Gives Pledge Against Draft in His Term of Office.
OTTAWA, Ontario, March 31 (U P.) —Prime Minister King declared in a foreign policy speech to the House of Commons last night that in of a European war, Canada wonld regard herself as a neighbor of the United Staies as well as a Dominion of Great Britain. After announcing that there would never be conscription in Canada while his Gavernment was in power and that any decision on peace or war would be left to Parliament, he said: “The idea that this country, 20 vears, should take part in a war overseas to settle the self-deter-mination of a European nation is a nightmare and sheer madness. . , . “Men's lives and men's ills cannot be put on the same basis as goods and profits, Canadians, I hope, will be able to take a long range as well as short range view of where Canadian interests lie.” His reference to “short range” was interpreted to mean the view of those who think that Canada will collapse if it ignores the safety of the British Empire. Then the Prime Minister added: “The second and enduring factor is our position as a North American nation and particularly our neighbor hood to the United States. 4
the event
every
Boettiger Baby Arrives;
SEATTLE. Wash ninth grandchild
March 31 (U
F.D.R.’s 9th Grandchild
P.) President and Mrs. Roosevelt's
-a husky boy weighing nine pounds, one ounce—wailed
Iustily today in his crib at Swedish Hospital.
Nearby was the child's mother,
ported “doing well.” Also nearby and beaming with pride was the President's wife, who arranged a Western speaking four so she might be here for the occasion, She telegraphed news of the birth to the President in Warm Springs. Ga. Relegated to the background in the excitement were Mr, Boettiger and Mrs Boettiger's two older children. the former “Sistie” and “"Ruwzie.” known now as Anna Eleanor Dall. 12, and Curtis Rooseveli Dall. 8 The new addition to the family was delivered hy Dr. Richard J
Mrs, lisher of the Seattle Post- Intelligencer,
John Boettiger, wife of the pub- _ Both mother and baby were re-
O'Shea. The coming ‘blessed event” had heen announced several months ago bv Mrs. Boettiger in the weekly women's page column she conducts in her husband's paper, Mrs. Boettiger gave her age on hospital records as 32. Mr. Boeitiger is 40. It is his first child. The baby was not named immeadilatelv. A night nurse at the hospital said efforts were heing made ta keep the hirth from creating ‘too much” publicity.
“The baby is s0 enie.” she said.
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PAGE 5
ANTI-SOVIET
PACT, REPORT
Paris Reports Adherence Was Kept Strictly ‘Political.’
ROME, March 31 | Fascist newspapers
(UU. P.). All today reporied
in dispatches from Burgos that the - ‘ment would feel bound at once to
Spanish Nationalist Government |had joined the anti-Cemintern Al|liance between Germany, Italy, |Japan, Manchukuo and Hungary. News agencies in Paris had simi{lar reports, without confirmation, 1t | was reported in Paris that Gener|alissimo Franco's adherence had been purely political, involving no military responsibilities.
Besteiro Ordered
To Face Army Court
MADRID, March 31 (U.P). — Spanish Nationalist authorities [oe ordered Julian Besteiro, Repubilican leader who remained here to hand over the city to them, tried Sunday by summary court martial Clamping down a stern marital law regime, the military authorities announced coincidently an inten|sive drive against “Red” (Republic{an) leaders, of whom, they asserted, | many remained in the city. | It was announced that Senor | Besteiro was in Madrid and that “every attention” was being given him.
Volunteered to Stay
A moderate Republican, who had refused to take any active parv in [the civil war, Senor Besteiro had charge of the work of feeding the women and children of Madrid durring more than two vears of siege. He volunteered to remain here and see that the city was handed over to Nationalist authorities in proper shape. At first he was put under a military guard but it was emphasized that he had not been arrested. Yesterday it was reported that he had been taken to Burgos, the Nationalist seat of Government Curfew Enforced An 8 p. m. curfew was imposed and authorities announced that only lauthorized Army men, Spanish Fa. langist (Fascist) Guards and working bakers would be permitied 10 circulate during the curfew hours. Valencia reported that carabinjers had arrested five of a score of vouths who tried to raid the American Quakers’ food warehouse. One of the youths was wounded after he fired on guards, it was said,
Report Slovaks Yield And Give Hungary Land
BRATISLAVA, March 31 (U.P). Slovakia was reported to have capitulated todav to a Hungarian demand for the cession of approximately 400 square miles of territory in eastern Slovakia. Reliahle reports said that Hungary previously had given Slovakia until noon (7 a. m. Indianapolis Time) to agree to the demands to end two weeks of sporadic fighting along the Hungarian-Slovak border. Hungary rejecied Slovakia's counter demands for Ukraine populated territory in east Slovakia for Slovak populated areas jn northern Hungary.
to-
the exchange of.
period.”
Britain
and France
ITALY WILL WIN,
Pledge Armed Aid READY FOR WAR. To Poles in Crisis DUCE DECLARES
Chamberlain Says Prom-
ise Will Hold Throughout Consultations.
|
| |
(Continued from Page One)
lend the Poles all the support in their power, Mr. Chamberlain began by saying that the government had no
‘official confirmation of rumors of
a projected attack on Poland and that the Government must not be’ considered as accepting such rumors as true, It was believed in diplomatic quarters that the Government, received secret information Wednes- | day night that Germany was mass- | ing men in East Prussia, Pom- | merania and Silesia. Stands for Negotiations | Reports of troop movements came | after reports—which Poland denied! —that Poland had rejected German demands: (1) That Danzig be hand- | ed over to Hitler; (2) that Poland permit Germany to build a “motor” —or military—highway across fhe Polish Corridor between Germany and East Prussia, and (3) that Poland “harmonize” her foreign policy with Germany's
Mr. Chamberlain said his Govern- |
ment had constantly advocated adjustment. by the means of free negotiation of the differences among the peoples of Europe. In the opinion of the Government, there should be no question | that is not open to solution py peaceful means, he declared. Greenwood Also Speaks Mr Chamberlain said the Govern-
ment could see no justification for
the substitution of force or tne threat of force. Arthur Greenwood, acting leader of the Labor opposition, Chamberlain's statement prove in its consequences to be as! momentous a statement as has heen made in the House for a quarter of a century.” Mr. Greenwood suggested that the statement might he regarded as the first step in development of a policy to deter or restrain aggression and urged the Government, speedily to! try to extend the arrangement to other powers, especially the Soviet Union. “All Support in Power”
The exact phrasing of Mr. Chamberlain’'s pledge was: “In order to make perfectly clear the position of His Majesty's Government in the meantime before these consultations are concluded, I now have to inform the House that during that period, in the event of] any action which clearly threatened Polish independence and which the) Polish Government accordingly considered it vital to resist with their national forces, His Majesty's Government. would feel themselves | bound at once to lend the Polish Government all the support in their power.” Mr. Chamberlain told Mr. Greenwood that the pledge to Poland is intended to cover the “interim He added that others, in-
iberlain to consider calling a con- |
rising |
| fice remained on duty throughout | the night, napping as they could on Calabrian country in Southein Italy.
gi leaders on the advisability of | French refusal to take the firsi siep
submit at any time the legislation |
BAYOU TOLL NOW 14;
‘span which fell
————
| cluding the Soviet Union, are being Fascists Have No Fear of consulted. Battle, He Cries in Tour
Conference Suggested Mr. Greenwood asked Mr. Cham- | 0f Calabria.
ference. Mr. Chamberlain said the REGGIO DI CALABRIA, Italy, Government had not reached any pja,ch 31 (U. P.).—Premier Musso-
‘decision on the matter, but would'jini told a wildly cheering throng call a conference. It thought that! ,¢ sajabrians today that the “the the best way to deal with the yigjian people are ready to don their problem. knapsacks because, like all young
The House was tense but calm. . ¢ ; The members: chested. MY; Cham people, they are not afraid of war perlain when he entered nd and they are certain of victory.” cheered enthusiastically after he) Praising the high birth rate in the ‘statement. The Prime Minister| Calabrian country, Sig. Mussolini ray ibn TR outed condemnttion. of “th was obvious that all parties ap. exotic. idiotic fashion of keeping proved the declaration. The entire |the birth rate low.” and denounced proceedings took only 23 minutes. | the sterility of nations which, he Mr. Chamberlain's statement was Said, when they are old “will be made while a special Scotland Yard! under the orders of young masters.” \detail searched the Parliameni; Shouts of “Tunisia” interrupted | Building and the London County him. Council Building for explosives after! Wild cries of praise interrupted a series of terrorist bombings at him as he centinued: Liverpool, Coventry and Birming-, “What has been done in the first ham, blamed on the outlawed Irish period of fascism has been noteRepublican Army. worthy. But still more noteworthy The King was put under special is that yet to be done. guard. , “After myv speech to the shock 7 Government Bonds Fail troopers at Rome (Sunday) there is very little to he added. We do not The stock market was nervous on forget. We are preparing, we are war fears. War loan bonds broke thinking in terms of decades. There-9-16th of a point to 94%, a new fore we are always ready to wait, low as befits people sure of itself bei cause it has many weapons and very All Air Force leaves were can- strong heats. celed, it was reported in well-in-| (In his speech Sunday Sig. Musformed quarters, and Royal Air solini named Tunisia, the Suez Force planes and warships were re- | Canal and Djibouti, the pori of ported patrolling the North Sea and! French Somaliland and terminus of
| the English Channel coast ready for the only railroad to Addis Ababa,
instant action. Ethiopia, as problems outstanding High officials of the Foreign Of- with France.) The Duce, on his first tour of the
couches. had ordered a national broadcast of Mr. Chamberlain advised all Cab- his speech, and his hearers naturinet. members to remain in the Lon- ally listened for statements that don area until further notice. might be interpreted in the light of He was conferring with Opposi- his Mediterranean “aspirations” and
canceling the Easter recess of Par- in hegofiagions.
WARSAW EXPECTED T0 FIGHT INVASION
WARSAW, March 31 (OU. P).--MORE BODIES SOUGHT The statement by Prime Minister CE Chamberlain in the British House of Commons was hailed hy people rich and poor throughout Poland today as they crowded to subscribe
to a government defense fund. The attitude of the people seemed that they would fight if their frontiers were violated.
'liament, due to start next Thursday,
in order that he might be able to|
which would be necessary if Britain were plunged into a national emer- | gency.
(Photo, Page 13)
VICKSBURG, I Miss, March 31 (U, P.).—The death toll in Mississippi's! worst highway disaster, the bridge washout at Clear Creek Bayou,
stood at 14 known dead today and rescue workers believed it would increase. Workmen who dragged a half dozen automobiles and a truck from the muddy waters of the raging Bayou said at least two more ma-! chines containing four to six bodies remained at the bottom of the stream, The automobiles were flattened
Poland and Rumania
Hold Guarantee Talks
RUCHAREST, March 31 (UO. P.). —Intensive consultations have heen
proceeding between the Rumanian and Polish foreign offices for several days, it was understood foday. by two sections of a 45-foot concrete An existing alliance between Polate Wednesdaviland and Rumania stipulates aid night after the rain-swollen stream! only in the event one party is afundermined it. tacked by Russia.
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