Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 March 1939 — Page 5
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Communism as Marx
Propounded It Flung Aside for ‘Stalinism’
Moscow Infested With Intrigue, Roy W. Howard ~ Finds; World’s No. 1 Dictator Now Rules
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inability of the Communist formula to provide any substitute for the outlawed profit motive, which is demonstrably necessary for success in this modern industrial age. Bias Rampant These observations and conclusions are based on the most trustworthy and objective information available. But in Russia no information or opinion is above challenge. Unbiased facts and unprejudiced opinions are difficult to obtain. The Soviet idea is that what
: the masses do not know won't worry
them, and that what foreigners don’t know will worry them. Both these situations are regarded as desirable. In consequence, undisputed facts about the business of life and government in Russia are as rare as complete candor. The reason is fairly obvious. Russia is a great blind spot on the European news map. No single newspaper, nor even Tass, the official news agency, presents any daily nationwide picture of life such as that to which American readers are accustomed. In Russia facts about people, unless they are concerned with politics or government, do not make news, in the American sense. Since everyone exists for the state, actions of ‘individuals are of no importance unless they concern or affect the state. : Incidents of major interest to a given community may be covered by a local newspaper. The details are not supplied to the rest of the Russian press unless they. contribute to the glory of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As a result, accredited diplomats and foreign press correspondents subscribe to scores of newspapers printed in cities scattered over the Soviet republics. From these they glean such few
. facts as are available about what is
happening outside Moscow. Fault Lies With System
Otherwise, for news purposes, Moscow and the Kremlin are pretty much Russia.* If the resulting picture given the outside world is incorrect—as it often must be—the fault is primarily with the system. News of what is happening among
‘175 million people in the largest
country on earth cannot be adequately reported as long as a dictatorial government rules otherwise. Irrespective of any - dislike for Russian political theories, all opponents of fascism naturally hoped that in the present European crisis the Russian star would be in the ascendant. If it is, the clouds of uncertainty and fear in which the Russian bureaucracy is groping today serve effectually to conceal the fact. : After more than 20 years of communism— bolshevism — Sovietism — the Russian experiment has emerged as something which is only describable as Stalinism. Today what Stalin is, what Stalin does, and what Stalin thinks, is the answer to what Russia is, what Russia does and what Russia thinks. Not even in Germany, where Hitler looms as the greatest menace -to European peace since Napoleon, is the power of one man so completely dominant as that of Stalin Hitler's dominance may in time equal that of Stalin today. But this is doubtful. Hitler must deal with a nation whose culture, education and intelligence have always ranked high regardless of who was governing. It has never been docile under oppression or tyranny. Stalin, on the other hand, dominates a nation whose
. masses have for centuries been un-
derprivileged and uneducated and who with rare exceptions have cowered in bovine stolidity under the lash of political slave-drivers.
Never Had Freedom
Ttalians and Germans have sacrificed their personal and political freedom on the altar of totalitarianjsm. The Russians have never committed this folly, for they enjoyed neither personal nor political freedom under the government their dictatorship overthrew. More than 20 years after” the overthrow of tsarism, the Russian standard of living is still incomparably lower than that of Italy or Germany. But
if material improvements have been
slight to date, a great spiritual transformation has liftea the heads and the hopes of millions. Unfortunately for thousands, their heads were lifted so high that they b@ame targets. Liquidations have been commonplace. There have
: been liquidations of the aristocracy,
of the wealthy, of the bourgeoisie and of the kulaks. And over the last two years there has been a gruesome liquidation of the liquidators—liquidation of the “Old Bolsheviks,” the original revolutionary group which boosted Stalin from its midst to his present eminence. But the greatest liquidation of all is one which has not been spectacular but which has been persistent and thor-
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3 BI a Cah RN ; %
a Complete Despot.
(Continued from Page One) .
ough—the liquidation of communism itself. - Communism as visualized by Marx and Engels is as nonexistent in Russia today as are democratic practices. The thing which has evolved from the folds of the red banner of communism is an Oriental military despotism, ironfisted and ruthless. It is a barbaric brand of state socialism operated by a modern bureaucracy. From this bureaucracy has evolved a new political hierarchy as lustful for power and as coldblooded in its execution as anything evolved by the Oriental mind. No red banners nor Marxian shibboleths have sufficed to alter the basic cruelty of the Russian nature. And what is the net, today? Despite an army of tremendous manpower and an air force of great numerical strength, Russia today, according to foreign military observers and French and British statesmen, is an exploded hope; it is washed up as a factor in any immediate alignment against fascism.
TOMORROW—The Russian attitude toward government.
2 BOMBS DAMAGE BRIDGE IN LONDON
LONDON, March 29 “(U. P.) —The Hammersmith suspension bridge over the Thames, one of London's principal traffic arteries, was damaged early today by two terrific explosions. Scotland Yard officials said it was the most serious bomb outrage since the outlawed Irish Republican army instituted a terror oampaign in Britain early this year.’ . Police closed the bridge to all traffic until engineers could determine the extent of damage. None was injured although a man and a woman crossing the bridge in an automobile had a narrow escape. Closing of the bridge paralyzed London's principal traffic artery io the Southwest.
SOCIALITE ‘BURIED ALIVE,” JURY FINDS
OKLAHOMA CITY, March 29 (U. P)—Roger W. Cunningham, 33, who confessed he strangled his beautiful socialite wife and kicked her body into a sewer ditch, was charged formally with first-degree murder today by a grand jury which decided he had buried her alive. The jury, after hearing a coroner’s testimony and reading Cunningham’s confession, charged that he
killed his wife, Eudora, 30, by ‘“chok-
ing her with his hands and a cloth scarf and suffocating her under eight feet of earth.” : Cunningham said he had killed her March 6, because she had “nagged” him about financial matters. !
LU. McNutt
Times Special BLOOMINGTON, March 29.—The launching of the McNutt-for-Presi-dent Club on the Indiana University campus today came directly in the
wake of a brief attack on the former State Governer made here by Norman Thomas, Socialist Party leader. Speaking before 600 persons at the University’s weekly open forum last night, Mr. Thomas said: “In all my appearances throughout the country I have pointed out that Indiana once was the scene of one of the most flagrant violations of civil liberties in the history of this country. > “I refer to the unnecessary and prolonged substitution of military authority for civil authority in
towns
GDYNIA
4 the economic fate of @ nation.
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GERMANY / grombterg Berlin: \ Posen
E On this city, built by Poland as 1 ment to its Danzig port privileges, rests
Is Danzig Next on Hit
supple- | It is Po-
4 land's principal outlet on Baltic, northern H terminus of main railway from coal and oil fields in south Poland.
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LITHUANIA
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POLISH CORRIDOR Narrow strip of land, ced
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Corridor and Poland.
(Continued from Page One)
as Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Murcia, Almeria and Jaen. To Valencia, the Nationalist triumph was a relief, as it had been to Madrid. ' Terror had been intensifying among the people, until in the early hours of this morning Council announced for the first time that Madrid had fallen. Valencia took it for granted that it, too, would be surrendered, and its hope materialized.
Surrender Is Unconditional
The Republican Defense Council had surrendered unconditionally in the name of all Republican Spain,
and to all purposes the civil war was over. But two Nationalist armies were crushing all resistence in the Toledo and Cordoba zones. Communist and anarchist elements, defying the surrender order, had held out in some cities. In Madrid, housewives, eager to obtain food for their children, the younger ones of whom perhaps had not had a really sufficient meal in their lives, lined up before dawn at food distribution centers awaiting the ration trains which began rolling into the city this morning. Generalissimo Franco had concentrated food convoys on all roads leading into the city, and had sent members of the "Nationalist Women’s Auxiliary into the beleaguered city in the vanguard of his occupation forces. For the present, Manolo Veglisson, a 30-year-old physician of the Municipal Hospital, was in control of the city, aided by Manuel Valdes Larranga, whom Franco named chief of the Nationalist movement for Madrid Province. Dr. Veglisson, a “Fifth Column” man, had been named secretly by Franco to be temporary Falangist (Spanish Fascist) leader in the city. .He went to the Prime Ministry and took charge of the building. Then he began sending orders to the 40,000 active “Fifth Column” men who all through the war had been awaiting the ‘signal to arise
After Thomas ‘Uppercut’
‘Sullivan and Vigo Counties by your
and declare themselves.
Club Formed
former Governor, Paul McNutt.” The speaker made the statement in response to a question asked from the floor by a member of the audience, Immediately after, Dr. Frank Beck, former director, reminded the audience that questions involving personalties were not to be asked. Previously, Mr. Thomas had made a plea for “the preservation of civil liberties in this country.” > “Any hope for the co-operative commonwealth organized along democratic lines, as opposed to the totalitarianist state,” he said, “must lie in its efforts to preserve civil liberties.” | He described Mayor Frank Hague, of Jersey City, as the “personification of the Fascist tendency in the United States.”
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ceded to Poland after World War, is artery connecting nation with sea. Popu
Above map shows why German threat to Polish Danzig is of vital importance to. Nazi seizure of Danzig would leave nation with but one outlet to Baltic—Gdynia, in the Corridor, which Poland built as backstop in case coun-
FREECITY OF DANZIG Poland has extensive rights in this port, at mouth of Vistula river, taken from Germany
city is la German. Its ores Reich is
World War. But
imminent.
Leaders of the Madrid Falangist group were called into conference, along with Larranaga, who had been in prison here since the period of left wing rule just before the civil war started July 17, 1936. Police agents were sent to .seek Republican leaders. It was found that most had fled, but those who were found were imprisoned. : It was disclosed that all during the war the “Fifth Column” had maintained contact with the Nationalists through couriers who made their way across the lines in the city suburbs. They also had operated a “Socorpo Blanco” (white aid) which saw that Nationalist families obtained food. The people of Madrid, who celebrated almost all night the end of the war and went to their homes only to get ready for a bigger celebration today were favorably impressed by signs that the Nationalists might be lenient in victory. Military magistrates also were brought into the city to organize trials for Republicans regarded as “criminals.”
Nationalists Bomb British-Owned Port
VALENCIA, Spain, March 29 (U. P.).—Nationalist airplanes bombcd
May Parolee Skate 'Round World, Sir?
Public Welfare parole officials today denied with some amazement a request that a parolee be given permission to roller-skate around the world, oceans notwithstanding The letter, written to the Governor, read: i “Will you please grant my husband permission to rollerskate around the world? “The reason I am asking for Jove help is that he is on
e. “If he was to go it would be the most and biggest adventure that he has ever known and completed. Could you make arrangements for him to do this?”
Scale of Miles 50 100
0 150
try’s trade privileges in Danzig were terminated. Important railway freight route, indicated by heavy crossed line, reaches sea at Gdynia, which it connects with coal and oil fields in south Poland. Other rail lines—some of which go to Danzig, are shown.
Gandia, British-owned port south of Valencia, at three different
today, and inflicted heavy damage. Incendiary as well as explosive bombs were used.
Fascism’s Triumph In Spain Hailed
Madrid as a triumph for fascism
upon the moment to start a speak-
references to Italy’s “natural
aspirations.” :
tour, Fascists believed that Generalis-
be followed by that country’s joinconsidered certain that Italy’s cam-
earnest.
French Ship Reported ‘Held’ by Warship
by a war vessel which is compe
5
us to accompany her.” %
ARMY AID PROPOSES
The’ United States must police
maintained, Lieut. Col. Richard O. McRae said today. Speaking at the Junior Chamber of Commerce noon luncheon at the Canary Cottage Lieut. Col. McRae said “our nation has in its control thé power to make or break peace.” “National preparedness in the United States is a duty as well as a precaution,” he said. “We must gain supremacy of the air and increase military training in school
periods yesterday, dispatches said
over bolshevism and it was said that Premier Mussolini would seize
ing tour and possibly make further
It was reported that Mussolini would leave tonight or tomorrow for the Calabria region, beginning the
simo Franco’s victory in Spain would ing the anti-comintern pact. It was
paign for colonies would begin in
LONDON, March 29 (U. P).— Lloyd’s shipping agency said today that the radio at Niton, in the Isle of Wight, had picked up a message at 10:55 p. m. yesterday from the French steamship Ploubazlanec appealing for assistance at a poiat about 40 miles east of Valencia, and asserting “we have been overhauled
U.S. POLICE WORLD|
the world if lasting peace is to be
CLASHES MARK TRANSYLVANIA ‘WAR TENSION
| Police Halt Rumanian Crowd
In Attempt to Lynch Hungarian.
29 (U. P.)—Serious separatist incidents were reported today in Cluj and other Transylvanian towns, where Hungarian minorities form a large percentage of the population. The reports indicated high tension, which political circles here feared might lead to international complications. . Reports that Hungary is continuing to call up new classes to the colors caused great apprehension in Rumania,, where military precautions likewise continue “accord ing to pre-established plan.” A Government spokesman said so far no negotiations are in progress between Bucharest and Budapest, and that no other sign of tension is
War in Spain Officially Ends as Franco wo ws: we « Troops Take Over All Key Cities
the Cluj railroad station where John Simonyi, a Hungarian reservist was alleged to have made an insulting remark about the Rumanian nation. When a Rumanian noncommissioned officer, Sergt. Butica, rebuked him, Simonyi drew a bayonet and seriously wounded Butica about the face. He also wounded another soldier and a police sergeant who intervened. A Rumanian crowd tried to lynch Simonyi but police with difficulty rescued and arrested him.
ROME, March 29 (U. P) —News-| Demonstrators singing Hungarian papers referred today to the fall cf
anthems in the streets of Cluj also were arrested.
25 Have Been Killed,
Hungary Announces
BUDAPEST, Hungary, March 29 (U. P). — The Government announced today that 25 Hungarians had been killed and 61 wounded since March 23 in fighting with Slovaks. ;
New ‘Superships’ May Smash Records WASHINGTON, March 29 (U. P). — The Navy's projected two new 45,000-ton battleships — the world’s largest warships—also may smash armament, speed and cruising records for their category, it was learned today.
Carefully guarded plans for the two “superships,” to cost about 95 million each, are being drafted in the Bureau of Construction and Repair. Informed quarters indicated that each probably would mount 12 16-inch guns, three more than carried by each of the six new 35-thousand-ton battleships being constructed. They would be capable of a 30-knot speed, and would carry fuel supplies for tremendcus cruis-
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Spain s Fall Puts Envoy Out of Job
‘WASHINGTON, March 29 . P.).~The fall of Madrid and . disappearance of the Spanish Loyalist Government was expected today to add another ambassador without a country to the group already Spanish Ambassador Fernando De Los Rios said after a conference with - President Roosevelt late yesterday that he had no plans for himself or for abandoning the em-
De Los Rios’ friends expected him to join the group -of diplomats here who have lost their jobs through recent events in Europe. De Los Rios is a noted scholar and formerly was Minister of Education in Spain.
PURDUE TO BE.HOST AT HOUSING PARLEY
Times Special ; ference on student housing will be held here Monday and Tuesday at Purdue University. Representatives from Big Ten universities, Michigan State, Miami University, DePauw University, and Lawrence and Carleton Colleges will attend. They will discuss problems of administration, social programs, food, government, counselors, study conditions, building. plans, co-operative dormitories and special services for dormitory students.
GREEN ASKS NAZI BOYCOTT WASHINGTON, March 29 (U. P.) —President William Green of the A. F. of L. appealed last night for a boycott of German-made goods. He made a radio address
Germany and Italy Believed Planning New Drive in South America.
WASHINGTON, March 29 (U. P.).—Germany and Italy were re=
- | ported today to be embarking on a
“post Madrid” trade offensive in South America.
Diplomatic information that Gere many and Italy would use the triumph of the Nationalists in Spain to attempt to strengthen their economic and political influence in the Western Hemisphere, increased concern here. : Meanwhile, the United States counter-offensive in Latin America, marked by recent success in negotiations with Brazil encountered congressional difficulties. 1. The House Appropriations Come mittee knocked out a $250,000 item
lin the Agricultural Department ap-
propriations bill, intended for use in strengthening agricultural representation throughout Latin America and to inaugurate scientific research programs to encourage development of inter-American commerce in 1oncompetitive commodities such as rubber, quinine and hardwoods, now supplied by the Orient. 2. Senate passage of a sugar bill for the primary benefit of mainland producers was regarded as likely to damage Cuba and prove an obstacle. to revision of the present United States-Cuban agreement. 3. The drive of domestic vegetahle oils interests for higher excise taxes worried several trade-agreement countries. ;
ONE KILLED IN TRAIN WRECK
PARIS, March 29 (U. P.).—The Foreign Office was advised today that a French industrialist was
French trade mission injured when the international “South Express” was wrecked at Balsain, Spain, 26
under auspicies of the American Council Against Nazi Propagranda.
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