Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 March 1939 — Page 19

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rom Indiana=Ernie Pyle ! More About That Lonely Youth:

He Has Received Offer From Coast

Citizen to Send Him to College.

IN MISSISSIPPI, March 24.—Many of you may remember the boy in Miami who was 80 lonesome, He was one of the millions in nil world who are lonely almost beyond bearing. He

had the instincts and the eagerness for good things in life, but he had nowhere to start. He had to work hard to live, and work. prevented him from going to school. He saw life and gaiety all around him, yet none of it was for him. I wrote a column about him, not giving his name and not, in fact, being conscious that it would bring a lot of response, But people all over the country wrote in, offering him everything from money to a complete turning over of his affairs to God. We gave his name to those whose letters seemed to indicate they could really offer him something. It wasn’t charity he needed, for he has a job and small spending money. His great need and: wish: was to learn his way into a better Job, through

. A number of readers have asked that we let them know what became of the boy. He has written us

. schooling.

twice, and what we have to report is this:

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heard of a department store.”

He changed jobs shortly, after we left Miami. He is now head bus boy in a big restaurant. He left the hotel where he was working and living. But when the letters started coming in, the owner had him return, giving him his room for just a few.chores.

He has had any number of letters from people -

with good hearts. But out of them all, only one was concrete, and offered him the kind of help he felt he needed. _ That was from Los Angeles, from someone who offered to let him stay with them, and help “him through school. He has corresponded back and forth with this person, and things look hopeful. He has a chance to drive to California in mid-April. As things stand now, he intends to go.

A ‘Buttermilk Girl’

A number of other readers have asked me to tell what happened to That Girl when she got on a three-day flying spree while we were in S. A, and Clippered all the way back to Miami before I even got out of French Guiana. Well, it turned out that, once she got .on the homestretch, she just couldn’t stop. When I finally got to Miami I gave her a good spanking, bought her a fur cape, and things settled down to routine again. Right now she’s sitting over in the other chair, playing solitaire,” It is quite apparent that she has no idea where she is. She has, however, provided me with a little yarn for the end of this column. The other day, in Mobile, she started out to a department store to buy some things. : She stopped a nice-looking girl on the: street; and asked her to direct her to a department ‘store. “A what?” said the girl, ‘A department store.” “What do. you mean, honey?” the Mobile girl

So we concluded that “department store” is a term not used in the South. So when we got over to Biloxi, I told the story to an old friend of mine. “What do you call department stores?” I asked

© © “We call them department stores, the same as up North,” he said. . “Well, then, what about this girl? She never + #*Well,” said my friend, “she’s what we call ‘buttermilk.’ It’s an old Atlanta expression. It means a girl who is sort of pretty and congenial and nice in every way, , SXoept ‘she, hasn’t got much in her head:: That's buttermilk girl’ “This girl you're

_ talking about probably was a clerk in a department . store, and didn’t even know it.”

My Day

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Resents Fascist Attempt to Make Democracies Seem Like Aggressors.

OS ANGELES, Cal, Thursday.—I have been so stirred in the past few days by the news in the papers, that I have hardly dared to write anything

Flang pout it. There is one thing which I feel should be

sioted, however, namely, in the totalitarian countries

livedithere is a concerted effort to make it appear that the

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democracies have actually become the people who desire war. Because they take any action to prevent acquisition of new territory by the totalitarian states, they are accused of being the aggressors, and strange tosay, in many papers I have read this point of view seems to be ably abbetted by certain writers in this country and by some public speakers, In one article it was stated that while the people of this country were outraged by certain things which have happened abroad, they had far less desire to go to war than they had before the World War. This is a perfectly obvious truth, but the writer then pro- * ceeded to state that certain responsible leaders here desired to see this country actually at war. I feel confident that leaders and people are united in this country in the desire for peace and when any opposite statement is made, it puts us in the position of aiding and abetting this curious position taken by the totalitarian states, namely, that any action taken to prevent ruthless aggression is tantamount to being the ager s in a war policy.

The Dictators Are For It

It is quite natural that totalitarian leaders should want to spread this idea abroad, because it removes responsibility from their own shoulders. But that anyone in this country should lend themselves to this type of propaganda seems to me difficult to undersand, Most of us know that justice is practically ible to achieve through war, but that does not that we can not attempt to stand for the right, and to throw our weight on the side of justice, even of mercy. It is a namby-pamby people which cannot make up its mind and which is afraid to state its opinion. ¥ war comes as a result, we must endure it, but we do not want it and in standing for what we believe is right, we are doing what we can to preserve peace and justice in the world. Yesterday morning I greeted a few Democratic women and then went to lunch at Occidental College. Dr. Bird, the president, seems to be a most unusual man. The afternoon was spent in going over Mr. Goldwyn’s movie studio where Jimmy works.

Day-by-Day Science

By Scienocs Service

WO of the most critical periods of life, before 6 and after 60, are not getting the attention they deserve. There have been old-age movements that have kicked up considerable political sand because the advancing years do not remove the right to vote. The pre-school boys and girls are too young to form a political bloc. : The three or four years between infancy and the first grade constitute the most important interval in life for formation of character, temperament and intelligence. It might almost be logical to trade part of the years spent in high school, college, or graduate study for the most modern nursery school training, if a child could not have both. ‘ State University of Iowa studies show that I. Q. fs increased by an affectionate and intelligent environ-

* ment in home and nursery school. This gives added

impetus. to the idea that the age for conventional beginning of schooling ‘should Se extended downward. Two or 3 instead of 6 would be the age at which the children would start to school.

School for the 2, 3, 4 and 5-year-olds is different:

from what it is for the older children in the grades.

There is more individual attention and there is no air of the conventional school room. Teachers and chilther to create a little world that is

“2 z 5 90 HITOMIR

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borders the Black Sea.

the Ukrainians. people of this now vital nation.

queror would have to contend.

By Paul Ross

NEA Service Staff Writer

privately owned homestead which they disposed of as they saw fit. And Communist Russia found it had caught a Tartar when it decreed collectivization of Ukrainian farms. His wife is bis complete equal, not his subordinate. So are his children, when they have grown, for by custom he cannot dispose

of the things they produce without their consent.

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N the household the wife practices domestic arts such as embroidery. The whole world knows her beautifully worked garments and linens as “Russian” but they are pure Ukrainian. The man works in metal, leather, stone and wood, chiefly in the latter. He carves ordinary household things into art objects, and even decorates his butter-churn and plow. ! Both man and wife weave “kilim” or carpets. They raise the wool, spin it, color it with vegetable dyes and weave it on simple looms into beautiful, patterned rugs which many regard as the equal of Persian carpets. Holidays and weddings provide relaxations. The peasants sing the old songs which have come down from ancient times. Along with these old songs go old melodies and old dances. The famous squatting dance step which is regarded as so typically Russian is really a Ukrainian Cossack step. ” ® ®

O the casual onlooker the Ukrainian peasan! may appear stolid. But underneath he is a deep observer of life and his observations break out in pithy humor. Typical peasant characterization: “Oh, mother, how people praise us,” says the conceited girl. “What people?” answers the mother. “Well, you praise me and I praise you,” responds the girl. Though the Ukrainian peasant is an individualist, he long ago learned to co-operate. Today, he sets up his co-operatives to market his goods, buy his wares, handle his money. And, though he lives close to the land, he is forever fired by the old dream of a united Ukraine.

This is the Ukraine, Russia’s “breadbasket,” a tertile plain that

All speculations about “the coming World War” eventually switch around to a discussion of the role to be played in it by Ukraine and Yet the average American knows little about the

Here are some of the things to which Ukrainian nationalists point with great pride, sidelights on. the Spins with which any con-

HE Ukrainian peasant is a true individualist. He sets his house in his own way on his land—preferably on a hill=-has an orchard, grows crops and dornestic animals on his fertile black acres. There is only one thing which the Ukrainian peasant acknowledges as qualification to own the all-important land—working on and for it. himself as complete master of it. centuries peasants in Great Russia were limited in their right to dispose of land, Ukrainian peasants lived in a

Once he has it, he regards Although for three

He has heard countless times and in numberless ways! of how Ukraine was once a flourishing nation with its own commerce, industries, agriculture and arts. He knows how the country was overrun many times by Asiatics until it lost its strength fighting them and was conquered by Poland. How the Cossacks came along as knights errant to defend the people, how they set up a free government, how the Ukraine was again conquered by Russia. How the tsars tried to destroy all Ukrainian culture and identity, how the people struggled by devious ways to preserve it, how finally after the World War a united Ukraine was proclaimed, only to fall once more. He has a great longing to see his beloved, severed country made whole again,

» » 2 O do this, Ukrainian nationalists are busily engaged everywhere on earth. Abroad, they publish an extensive press, they organize emigre Ukrainians, they agitate for freedom.

But in Rumania, Poland and Soviet Russia—the three countries which among them now divide the Ukrainian: “nation”—they are working in different ways. S. S., Dushnyck, editor of a Ukrainian national publication, told the writer of how in Soviet Russia the Ukrainian nationalists have organized a secret army among peasants, young people and men who got their training in the Red Army. When the time comes they will rise against the Soviet. In Poland and Rumania they are also organized, but more or less openly. As sports bodies, as cultural groups, even as co-opera-tives, they are preparing for “the day” and keeping slive the nationalist spirit. These nationalists make no bones about it.. If it is necessary to help destroy the governments under which they live in order to build a united Ukraine, the Ukrainians will do it: So, today, Ukrainian natipnal=ism lies like a.moth cocoon in the national fabrics of three countries. Should war come the thing inside will come to life. Ukrainians think it will prove to be a united and beautiful Ukraine.

Russia, Po-

FRIDAY, MARCH 2 24, 1939

e Ukraine, Hitler's Goal

Its Ponsants Love Their Good Earth, Dream of Free Nation

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Entered as’

Lo-

As evening drifts over + the Carpathian Mountains, a Ukrainian: farmer summons his sheep to the fold by Blowing & on the “trembita,” a long horn also used for music nr folk-dancing. Ee

pected to form part of a Ukrain--ian: national: state. - Two-thirds of the Ukraine is in the, fertile black-earth belt of Southern Russia. The region acounts . for one-fifth of the So-

: et Union's wheat production,

e-third of its barley, and threerters of its sugar-beet produc-

tion. In the Donets Basin is the

world’s largest reserve of anthra-

‘+ cite, and the Ukraine boasts sub-

Here is a Hucul (among the purest-blooded of Ukrainians) and

his daughter near their Polish-Carpathian home.

The tomahawk,

moccasins and Navajo-like homespun fabrics are remarkably suggestive

of American Indian crafts.

land and Rumania are afraid of what it could be. ” ” » 3 ERLIN’S ultimate aim is believed to be creation of a nominally independent Ukrainian state under German tutelage and also the subjection of Rumania to German influence. There has recently been an outcropping, in the German press and elsewhere, of Ukrainian nationalist propaganda.

The writings of Herr Hitler and other Nazis indicate that what is

desired is restoration_of the posi-

tion of German dominance in Eastern Europe that prevailed for a few brief months in 1918 after, Russia signed the Treaty of BrestLitovsk and Rumania the Treaty of Bucharest. Under those pacts German influence was made supreme from : the Baltic to the Black Sea, but Berlin's dreams of exercising imperial sway throughout that region dissolved when the German Armies were forced to capitulate on the West-

“ern front. It is doubtful whether

the Nazis could now detach the Ukraine from Russia without provoking war not only with the Soviet but also with Poland and Rumania and possibly the Western European powers. Eastward expansion of Germany on the continent of Europe has been from the ‘beginning a principal tenet of Nazi foreign policy. Apart from reunion with the Reich of Germans living on the borders of the Fatherland, Nazi writers have directed chief attention in this connection to the potentialities of the Russian Uk-

wards . . ‘we can but think first of Russia

raine as a field for German development, Envisioning acquisition of enough territory to accommodate a nation of 250 million Germans, Herr Hitler indicated in “Mein Kampf” that the necessary expansion - should follow the direction of German colonization during the Middle Ages. | “We start anew,” he said “where we terminated six centuries ago. We reverse the eternal Germanic

‘migration to the south and to the

west of Europe and look east- . If we speak of new soil,

and her subject border states. “Providence herself seems to point us the.way. In: delivering Russia over to Bolshevism it has

‘robbed the Russian people of its

intelligentia who, until then, pad brought about and established existence as a state. . . . “The gigantic.Reich of the East is ripe for a collapse. We are privileged by fate to be witnesses of a catastrophe which will be the most

powertul justification of the right-

ness of our national race theory.” = 8

HE Soviet Ukraine is a rich agricultural and industrial region in southwestern Russia comprising an area almost as large as that of Germany. It

‘has some 32,000,000 inhabitants.

Across the Polish border in Eastern Galicia live from 5,000,000 to 7,000,000 more Ukrainians, while another million live in Rumania

‘and 500,000 in Ruthenia, the east-

ernmost province of what had been Czechoslovakia. All of ‘these bore dering districts might "be jez

stantial deposits of iron and manganese. It produces 60 per cent of the Union’s coal, 65 per

cent of its pig iron, 50 per cent of

steel, and 65 per cent of its agricultural machinery. Under the Soviet Govern#nent the Ukraine is theoretically an independent republic forming a constituent state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. According to one student of the Ukraine, however, ‘the Bolsheviks have in reality oppressed the Ukrainian nationality far more than did the tsars.” Resistance to farm collectivization resulted in a famine in the Ukraine in 1932 and 1933 that is said to have cost more than two million lives. There has been much controversy as to the responsibility for that disaster, as well as to the extent of present discontent with the Soviet regime. The program of industrialization of the Ukraine has brought undoubted benefits, and under the Soviet Government use of the Ukrainian language in schools and newspapers has been permitted. Irrespective of whether or not nationalist complaints of oppression are justified, they furnish useful material for a Nazi propaganda campaign for “liberation” of the Ukraine.

2 2 = HE main route from Germany to the Ukraine lies through Poland. Although Poland followed a pro-French policy for 15 years after the World War, and was in almost. constant controversy with Germany, Warsaw in 1934 signed a 10-year nonaggression pact with Berlin, . Polish-German relations since have been amicable, but

there are fundamental differences beneath the surface. The Polish Corridor, separating East Prussia from the remainder of Germany, is a potential point of conflict. Another is the Ukraine, for if a Ukrainian state were established,

- it would menace Poland’s contin-

ued possession of Eastern Galicia. Recognizing the dangers in Germany’s Ukrainian aspirations, ‘Warsaw: recently moved to repair its relations with Russia and hinted that it would like to reinforce its’ postwar alliance with France. Rumania lies in the path of Nazi ambition as clearly as does the Ukraine. Whether her turn will come before or after that of the Ukraine probaly will depend upon the circumstances of the moment. It has been Hitler's practice to tackle the easiest objectives first and, when they have been accomplished, then to press

on toward the more difficult goals.

s* Becond-Class Matter at Pesigtios, Indianapolis, Ind.

|Our Town

By Anton Scherrer

Side Glances

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

'1—Which is larger, a Canadian or a U. S. gallon? 2—Can Mexicans be naturalized in the United States?

3—In which mountain range are

the Green Mountains? 4—Are sweepstakes winnings

subject to. Federal income

tax?

5—With what sport is the name of Wayne Sabin associated? 6—What is a pyrheliometer? T7—What is a chiromantist?

» t J » ! Answers 1—Canada has the Imperial gal-

lon, which is about 20 per °

cent larger than the u. 8,

5—Tennis. 6—An instrument for

measuring the intensity of the heat of

the sun’s rays.

7—One who tells fortunes from |

the palm of the hand. ® 2 8

ASK THE TIMES

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information

to Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St., N. W., Washing-

‘| ton, D. C. teal ana megs ~ advice cannot

The Indianapolis Times | |

Bvaryday Miowies—=By Wortman

| Public Library Presents—

‘sequin

Second Section

PAGE 19

+ Cap Hyland City's First Traffic Cop, and That Was Long Before "The Era of the Motor Car, Too.

NOTHER fallacy of amateur historians is the quaint assumption that corner policemen came to us by way of the automobile. Shucks! Indianapolis had a traffic cop stationed at the corner of Washington and Illinois Sts. back in the days of the old transfer car, . I'm not fooling. I know exactly what I'm talking about because I made it my business to look up

Capt. Martin Hyland, possibly the best informed man on the subject anywhere around here. Cap says I'm absolutely right. Not only that, . but after the grilling I gave him he broke down and admitted that

-he was the first traffic cop in In-

dianapolis, ‘the very one stationed at the corner of the old transfer car. Cap says he came to Indianapolis in 1882 by way of Clay County and almost immediately got a job as a stone mason on the State House. Then he worked for Gus Diener carving tombstones. Cutting epitaphs got a little on his nerves and, without telling Mr. Diener anything- about it, he looked around for a more exciting job. A policeman’s life impressed him, and so he went to see Bob Campbell, the head of what was then called the Metropolitan Police, Chief Campbell took the youngster aside and in a kind of fatherly way gave him his first lesson in practical politics. To make any headway, said Mr. Campbell, he ought to call on all the members of the Police Board, which at that time consisted of Volney T. Malott, John P. Frenzel and John W, Murphy. Inside of a couple of days, Cap had the job despite the fact that 699 other men were after it. Mr. Diener was surprised like everything, too; Cap attributes his luck to the circumstance that even as far back as then, he looked like a policeman.

Well, that was back in 1884 when Cap was 24 years old. He remained on the force six years, and then somebody told him about a livery stable that was for sale. Cap thought that running a livery stable might be even more exciting than a polices man’s life. After a year at this sort of thing, he discovered that his horses weren't getting any fatter and that every one of his buggies needed a new coat of paint. A policeman’s life was better after all, he decided, and so he started all over again to get on the force.

Harry New to the Rescue

This time he had Harry New’s help. After three months’ work on the Black Maria, the Department created the office of traffic cop with Cap in charge, Goodness knows it was high time because with the transfer car blockading everything, it was next to im« possible for the fire engines to get through.

Cap says he licked the traffic problem in no time at all—even on circus days—but now that he looks back, he doubts whether he could have done it without the help of Bob Catterson who had his real estate office on Kentucky Ave. a stone’s throw from Cap’s station, As luck would have it, Mr, Catterson was a member of the Board of Safety, or its equivalent, and when ever he got wind of a fire, he rushed to Cap’s aid. Together they made room for the fire department to get through. After a year as traffic cop, Cap was made a ser= geant, a position he held for nine years. Then he was made a captain, and finally Lew Shank picked him for his Chief of Police. By that time it was 1913. Cap

Mr. Scherrer

- says he’ll never forget it. In the spring of that year,

the Big Flood turned up. He said he spent three days and two nights at headquarters without once closing his eyes. In August of that year the interurban streetcar strike broke out. In November he found himself with a city streetcar strike on his hands. And a week later with everybody’s nerves ready to crack, he had to handle an ugly election. Cap says he wouldn't want anything like that to happen to his worst enemy.

Jane Jordan—

Widow Foolish to Think She Can 'Save' Alcoholic, Daughter Told.

EAR JANE JORDAN—At the age of 40 my mother was left a widow. My father left her with a beautiful home and enough insurance to last her through life if properly handled. For a while I thought she would just take it easy and get some fun out of life, but she met a no account man who seems to know nothing of the finer things of life. He is an excessive drinker and a born liar. Icould write a book about my mother’s virtues, and she isa woman any man would be proud to call his wife, but she seems to have lost ‘all reason with this man. It would be impossible for him to make her happy. He has been divorced twice from two very good women because of his drinking; yet mother thinks she could be his savior. I want her to marry again and be happy, but baw can I replace this drunken Romeo with some man worth while before it is too late? I really think itis lonesomeness more than love, for she so often says fo me, “Oh, yes, it is easy for you to talk. You hfe your husband and children.” I have offered to take into my home or come and live with her, but : wants a home of het own. Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated. DISGUSTED.

Answer—Your mother is a woman out of a gb. Her daughter is grown and married. Her husband is gone. She has nothing to do, and needs a dependent to lean on her in order to make her feel useful again. It is too bad that she picked on a twice-di-vorced alcoholic, for her job won't be a pleasant one, It is obvious that she does not understand the prob lem of ‘alcoholism or she wouldn't be so optimistic about her ability to save the man. Why should she think that she can succeed with a problem whith baffles the experts? An alcoholic is a person who has not matured emotionally. He is unequal to the task of adult living, unfit for marriage, and unable to bear responsibility. His overweening desire for excessive affection, more than any .one person has a right to expect, makes him peculiarly appealing to a woman with an equal need to pour out affection. That is, he is appealing until she has lived with him a while and suffered enough humiliation and disappointment to destroy the illusion she cherished. And it is an illusion. It is no fun to be both day and night nurse for a cripple who can’t walk through life without an alcoholic crutch. If her desire to help the man is sincere and not just ‘a form of self-indulgence, she will insist on his going to a sanitarium and submitting to treatment by trained Slentine men before she accepts him as a

husband. JANE JORDAN,

Put your probl i t answer Jour questions dn (his corm ie Jordan whe wil

New Books Today

ANOTHER volume of Golden Tales, ‘edited by Map Lamberton Becker, appears with the title. GOLDEN TALES OF CANADA (Dodd). Written by outsiders as well as natives, these stories give evie dence of a distinct Canadian literature. A counfry that is made up of Scotch, English, and French offers interesting material for stories. i Themes peculiar to Canada’s romantic past its forest fires and land Sleaings and to her romantic and busy present contr to this chror

J Ba MA) Wy st

Of SOiliitny's progress. The of the book be judged by of those those wh

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