Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 March 1939 — Page 4

‘ax Receipts Drop:

’

‘Congressmen Fear Roll Call on Pensions

mie NATIONAL AFFAIRS

INCOME tax collections drop. CONGRESSMEN fear roll call on pensions. .FLYNN asks pay-as-you-go social security.

NEW CUTS threaten F. D.

R. relief plea.

‘NEW DEAL disunity laid to streamlining.

‘WHEELER to seek re-election in 1940.

WASHINGTON, March 17 (U. P.). - —Income tax collections in the first 15 ‘days this month fell approxi«mately 25 per cent below receipts in:the same period last year, the Treasury disclosed today. The returns—on which the Ad- . ministration is expected to base its | program for tax revision and business “appeasement” moves — ran slightly higher than anticipated by Treasury tax experts, however.

“Collections at 132 Million

~ March 1 to 15 collection totaled $132,709,201 compared with $178,-926,148-in the same days last year. If that rate of decrease prevails through the rest of the month, March income collections will approximate 500 million—about 75 million higher than originally estimated.. Complete March receipts last year totaled 723 million. The returns for the first 15 days are not fully reflected in today’s report. A few days usually inter~ vene between the time returns are received at the internal revenu collectors offices and deposit of receipts to the Treasury's account at Federal Reserve banks. = Spending Totals $6,304,298,841 . The Treasury also revealed that its spending in the first eight and one-half - months of the present fiscal year totaled $6,304,298,841, an inerease of $1,181,000,000 over .the corresponding period last year. Receipts aggregated $3,907,366,021, a drop of $247,000,000 when compared with last year. Of the total income, income taxes provided $1,371,462,523 and misceljaneous internal revenue, $1,613,131,399. :

HARVARD MAN USING “LIGHT SPEEDOMETER

By Science Service CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 17.— A "Harvard physicist has solved a three-century-old problem of science, how to measure automatically the fastest thing in the universe— the speed of light. The ultimate velocity of about 186,000 miles a second has been meéasured by Dr. Wilmer C. Anderson, research fellow, by crimping the light beam with “permanent waves,” 19,200,000 of them per second. . This new light-speedometer is the first which has not required visual . observation by the human eye, and which has eliminated friction as a possible source of error. It can measure light-velocity with an error * of!less than two and a half miles a seeond. It is believed here the apparatus will give the most accurate measurements of light-speed ever made. The equipment has been put to: work on one of the basic problems of modern physics and astronomy—whether the speed of light is actually constant under all conditions, or whether it varies. Althbugh many important theories aré based on the assumption of a constant velocity of light, past measurements have been ‘inconclusive on this point.

NATION'S RAILROADS LIST SPENDING PLAN

WASHINGTON, March 17 (U. P.). —The Interstate Commerce Commission today had reported the nation’s class one steam railroads plan to. spend $716,784,374 on deferred maintenance and extensions during the next three years. The figure was based on a questionnaire answered by all class one steam railroads. The report said maintenance work that had been postponed, mostly because of lack of funds, would cost about $221,027,268, and improvements enabling the carriers to handle - traffic more cheaply would cost $495,757,106. Railroads submitted estimates on the basis that 1939 traffic would equal 1933 traffic. "If this year’s business is 10 per cent greater, the railroads estimate they would spend $3178,671,798 on deferred maintenance and $515,747,931 on additions.

CREDIT MEN TO HEAR i NATIONAL MANAGER

1. S. Crowder, of St. Louis, National Retail Credit Association manager, will be among the speakers at the district conference of the association and the Associated Credit Bureaus of America opening Sunday at the Claypool Hotel. €. E. Moorman, of Jacksonville, Fla, president of the associated bureaus, is to speak at the general gkgsion Monday. : Allison P. Koelling, representing ‘the Retail Credit Granters of Indianapolis, the host, i P chairman. Credit men from Indija, Illinois, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin and Ontario are to

attend. FT. WAYNE MAN HELD {AFTER RAID ON STILL

FT. WAYNE, March 17 (U.P) — Rissell A. Urbine, 31, was to be arraigned before U. S. Commissionen Wiliam D. Remmel today on charges of possession of an unregistered still and untaxed liquor. In a raid late yesterday officers confiscated 12 gallons of moonshine, a '100-gallon mash cooker and eight -gallon barrels of mash. Fedauthorities who led the raid yd they believed it the largest haul in; Ft. Wayne since prohibition.

is general|

By LEE G. MIL LEE Times Special W: iter

WASHINGTON, March 17. — ‘The troublous possibility of a House roll call on the question o! pensioning all Americans past 6( is causing some long faces in Congress. | For six week or so the House Vays and Means Committe: has teen hearing testimony on proposed changes in the Social i3ecurity Act, including the moderate amendm; nts sponsored by the Administration and the rival pension plans of Dr.

Welfare Federation. i “The Committee fina ly sees i(laylight ahead. It has closd its witness list, and now hopes to con:lude testimony next week. Then it will huddle to make its decisions. © = While there is no chince that the Committee will repo‘t favorably either the Townsend or Gereral Welfare Plan, it is ky no moans certain that it will pigeonhole tiem. It may, instead, submi . one or hoth to the House, with ad rerse reports.

G. O. P. Embarrassm ent Sought

If that happens, and if the Fules Committee yields to pe isionite pressure and grants a rul: for corsideration of either bill ¢f both,’ ¢ very House member will hive to gn on record pro or con—oi: else ghsent himself. A large absen ee list might result in a pension viciory. Soundings among A Demacratic members are said to indicate that most of them favor reporting a bill to the floor. { If the Ways and Me¢ans Coinmittee or the Rules Cominittee blockades the pension bills, discharge petitions will be circulated. It requires 218 signatures (a majority of the House) to force a vote this way. The Townsend meagiire now calls for a 2 per cent tax on all transactions, the proceeds to be prorated among all past 50, up to $200 a month. Modification: of the 2 per cent rate for certain tipes of fransaction are said to be ‘under study. The General Welfire bill calls

exempting income uiider $1{0 a month and all incom? paid out ‘in wages or interest. ; |

Numerous Proposals Made

On top of the reseyve-fund controversy and the pensions-at-once-for-all demand, the Committee has many other problems to thresk out. The Social Security Board | itself has made numerous recommée¢ndations, such as: : Starting old-age-insurance henefits in 1940 instead of 1942. Making larger payments ir the early years than the!law nowy contemplates. i | Providing extra beliefits for pensioners’ wives. ] Protecting pensioners’ widows and orphans,

Senator Wheeler to Seek Re-election in 1940

WASHINGTON, Myrch 17 (U. P.). —Senator Wheeler (DD. Mont.) leader of the: fight against President Roosevelt's Siipreme Court reorganization plan, announced today that he will seel{ re-election in 1940. Political obseivers predicted that he would havi at leas. the tacit support of thie Administration, f Senator Wheeler, whose oppasition to the New Deal during the court battle put him in eitreme disfavor with the President, appeared to be in a position to comimand again the respect of Mr, Roosevelt's political advisers. It was learned that the President plans to visit the San [Trancisco Fair this summer, and that his ‘itinerary may include a stop at Butte, Mont., wher¢ Mr. Wheeler began a law practic 34 year: ‘ago. Senator Wheeler has said- nothing, but observers believe that he would be aboard Mr. Roosevelt's train if and when that visit is made. °°

57 MARINE PLANES HOP

A mass flight of 57 U. S. Narine planes, en route fron; Caribbean war games to their base §t Quantich, Va., left Miami Municipal Airport at 9 a. m. today. | ’

F. E. Townsend and the General

for a 2 per cent gros; income tax,

Rear Admiral Hardld R. Stark ‘above), is new chief of U. S. 1aval operations,- succeeding Admiral William D. Leahy, effective n June. Admiral Stark is 59 and at present is Rear Admiral .in command of cruisers.

| AYOFF LIST FOR WPA PREPARED

House Bloc Threatens to Cut Roosevelt's Request 25 to 50 Millions..

WASHINGTON, March 17 (U. PJ). ~The Democratic economy bloc in the House threatened today to cut President: Roosevelt's relief request

for an additional 150 million dollars. The House Deficiency Appropriations Subcommittee has not discussed a comprotise figure yet, but some of its members are talking about chopping 25 or 50 million’ doljars from the bill. : While the subcommittee awaited full data on relief expenses, policies and payrolls, WPA Administrator F. CG. Harrington prepared to issue orders this week-end for an initial reduction of relief rolls by 400,000 yersons.

1,800,000 Total Scheduled

Col. Harrington's orders will be nailed within the next 72 hours. In sonference with WPA’s nine resional directors, he has arranged a schedule to fire 400,000 early in April, 600,000 early in May and 200,J00 more in June. Preparations for the cuts, Col. Jarrington. said, were necessary inismuch as the agency must assume shat only the 725 million dollars joted by Congress last month will se available. In event Congress votes she new request or a part of it, the iring schedule would be revised. WPA officials said reductions would be based on ability of individual areas to best absorb the shock of the cuts rather than a flat nation-wide reduction. The Workers Alliance has announced that it will poll all WPA workers on feas-

| ibility of a “jobless march” on the

capital. The Workers’ Alliance also called an All-Southern Conference here next Monday “to secure immediate action” from Congress on additional relief funds. Representatives from 13 Southern states will attend a mass meeting and confer with Congressmen and Senators frorn their respective states.

Probe Still Sought

Meanwhile, there was continued pressure for an investigation of WPA. Rep. Eugene E. Cox (D. Ga.) introduced a resolution in the House that would authorize the Appropria-

‘tions Committee to investigate relief

and its administration of WPA, and provide $30,000 to finance the inquiry.

MIAMI, Fla., Mar¢h 17 (U. P.) — E

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Effort to Draw ‘Liberal’ and ‘Conservative’ Line Bold Adventure.

By THOMAS L. STOKES Times Special Writer

‘WASHINGTON, March 17 (U. P.). —The jangling and clashing of gears ‘in the once smooth-running Democratic machine, which has slowed the New Deal down perceptibly, was produced partly by the tinkering of President Roosevelt when he fried to transform the ancient jalopy into a streamlined New Deal contraption. 1 His effort to make the Democratic Party a strictly New Deal or “liberal” party, and thus draw a distinct line between “liberal” and “conservative” political groups, was a bold adventure. It failed, as other such attempts have failed in the past. The widening split in the party today derives only partly from this plan of the President’s, which culminated in the primary “purge” of ast year. The split, the difference of view over fundamental economic and social questions, already exist-

Quarrel Forced

Mr. Roosevelt forced the quarrel into the open by trying to draw the ine in the party, by singling out personalities and classifying them. This reacted in the expected manner, that is, to alienate those who had been singled out, and to provoke hostility among their associates in Congress and their followers back home, The personal animosities that were aroused reflected in what is going on today at the Capitol. The men

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the President sought to “purge” won their way back, with the single exception of one powerful House merm-

ber, Rep. John J. O'Connor (N. Y.).).

Proscribed fenators returned to make the Senate a hornets’ nest. And the President ‘has taken

Inothing back, has made no over-

tures; ta the contrary, in his Jackson Day speech, he virtually invited the conservatives to leave the party. Sars n | Mr. Roosevelt was flying in the face of history when he set out on his crusade to make over the heterogeneous elements banded together in the Democratic Party. For years the Democrats have been a minority party. They have become .a

majority party in recent times only

under two circumstances—one, when the Republicans were divided, as in 1912 by another Roosevelt; the other, when Republicans and independents, under the impulsion of an economi¢ crisis, flocked over to a Democratic leader, the president Roosevelt.

South Holds Key Mr. Roosevelt has had to ride herd on several species of wild elephants at the same time. If has been pointed out that much of his difficulty has come from his interpretation of the 1936 election as a

{mandate from the people, when in

reality it was the supporting vote of elements which had diverse viewpoints and objectives. ! The combination now seems to be cracking. The angriest noises come from the. South—not, the people, but some of their representatives , in Congress, which is, as far as he South is concerned, quite a flerent matter. The South is still a key to the Democratic problem. The South is the nucleus of the party, its backbone, year in and

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But F.D.R. Brought Quarrel Into Open

President’s Crusade Really Challenge to History; South Key.

any Democratic victory, and in the end it is usually the lodestone which draws the party back to conservatism. That is because the South controls the key places in Congress, for in Congress seniority is the rule, and Southern Democrats return year after year and thus work their way to the top. The South now has the Vice President, who is effective in the Senate, and the Speaker and Majority Leader of the House, as well as most of the important committee chairmanships.

“Purge” Fails in South

‘Southern representatives in Congress, by and large, are more conservative than the rank and file they represent. This is due to numerous factors, including a larger measure of control in Southern politics by the business, industrial and financial elements, and the disfranchisement of thousands of voters by poll taxes in seven Southern states. It was because of dominant Southern influence in the party, and the belief that the Southern masses were New Deal, that President Roosevelt struck hardest there in his “purge” move. He sought to

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their leaders. To “liberalize” the party, according to his lights, it was necessary to “liberalize” its representatives from the South. But the South’s proportional strength in the party was increased by the November election, which swept out many Democrats from other sections whence the New Deal has drawn much of its progressive sustenance.

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This is the second of a number of dispatches on the state of the New Deal.

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